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» Act profile is clear. Comparison of GCR and UCR - color separations in Adobe Photoshop

Act profile is clear. Comparison of GCR and UCR - color separations in Adobe Photoshop

Evgeny Kuznetsov,

S> UCR is an image drawn with three CMY colors, S> with shadows emphasized by black paint. S> GCR - an image drawn with black S> paint and decorated with three CMY colors. Quote from the printing forum

I wouldn’t simplify it that way, and, for my part, I’ll try to bring some clarity to this issue.

Firstly, both GCR and UCR performed by Adobe Photoshop are simply different sides of the same process - color separation, respectively, they work somewhat similarly, although they achieve (depending on the current settings) different results.

First, about the terminology, and, in particular, I will give a decoding of the abbreviations UCR and GCR.

UCR(Under color removal) in the general case actually deals with the partial replacement of process colors with one black paint. This is done in the shadow areas of the image: where there is a fairly large percentage of the total paint content. De facto, at the output of the color separated image we get “VERY SKELETAL BLACK”, which is contained only in deep shadows, forming, as it were, the skeleton of the image, its outline, emphasizing deep shadows (hence the name).

GCR(GRAY COMPONENT REPLACEMENT) also actually replaces process inks in proportions that meet the gray balance conditions for a given triad color scheme (in accordance with the type of inks accepted by the "Printing inks" option) with one REPLACEMENT black ink. In fact, the GCR color separation algorithm in Adobe Photoshop is similar to UCR, the only difference is the nuances of the settings of the remaining options available in CMYK Setup - Custom CMYK. De facto, at the output of a color separation image when using the GCR / Light or Medium color separation algorithm, we obtain a “skeletal” black color in the corresponding black channel. Depending on the Black generation settings, we can also get black, which is contained not only in deep shadows, but also in lighter areas of the image (for example, in 3/4-tones or midtones of the image).

That is, in Adobe Photoshop notation, GCR and UCR are identical, the point is the possibility of settings. In fact, by combining color separation parameters or manipulating the black generation curve while in GCR mode, we can achieve the same result as UCR color separation.

Now - more about the differences between these modes. Everyone probably noticed that when you select the GCR color separation type, several more options become available (in particular, black generation - “Black generation” and “UCA amount”), and when you select UCR, they become inactive. This is actually the point - UCR is actually a special case of GCR color separation, in which the Black Generation and UCA options are not relevant.
In any case, when choosing GCR color separation, we simultaneously select one or another level of black generation (Black generation) in the range from None to Maximum. This determines how dark the image must be so that instead of the triad or in addition to it, black paint appears. For example, Black generation - Light determines that black paint will appear if the content of the so-called “staining (polluting) component” in the main color built with process paints is at least 40%. This, for example, could be 40% Yellow in the 100C+100M binary, or 40% Cyan in the 100% Magenta + 100% Yellow binary. That is, below this 40% (for example, in the case of 30% yellow in the 100Cyan + 100Magenta binary), black paint will not be generated instead of the triad, but above it it will be. In fact, a certain “triggering threshold” of the color separation algorithm is determined, and our task comes down to determining the threshold of this triggering.

Just in case, I will give the meanings of these “thresholds”:

  • Light - 40% and above;
  • Medium - 20% and above;
  • Heavy - 10% and above;
  • Maximum 0% and above; in this case, even one percent “staining” additives will be replaced with black paint in the main color throughout the entire image.


    Fig.1. Color separation modes in Adobe Photoshop and corresponding black ink generation curves

    By the way, all these percentages can always be “seen” in the same Adobe Photoshop, taking as a basis any level of black paint generation, and then selecting the “Custom” option there.
    From the user's point of view, Light provides greatest number triads, and the smallest amount of black paint, and Maximum is the complete opposite - a minimum of triad and a maximum of black. From the point of view of a color corrector, the Light mode will produce the largest color gamut, and Maximum (and similar Black Generation values: for example, Heavy) will produce some narrowing of the gamut. And from the printer’s point of view, it will be more difficult to maintain the gray balance when printing images “divided” in CMYK using Black generation: Light than images that have undergone color separation, for example, with Black Generation: Heavy, since in the first case in neutral gray areas of the images will have more of a triad, and any fluctuations in print densities/dot gain will cause the image to go out of balance.

    UCR also provides for setting some levels of black generation, but they are not EXPLICITLY set - in fact, UCR is closest to GCR/Light color separation, since it provides a large amount of triad and a small amount of black ink (and, as a result, maximum color gamut - minimal stability gray balance). With the difference that in GCR/Light the “reactivity level” is 40%, and in UCR it is about 60%. That is, it turns out not just “skeletal”, but “very skeletal” black.

    For the same reason, when selecting UCR, the UCA Amount option becomes unavailable. As you know, the UCA parameter ("Under color addition" or "Under color adjustment" - I've seen both versions of this abbreviation) controls the addition of process colors in the proportions of the "current" gray balance into the shadow areas of the image.
    Typically, UCA is used to maintain the densities of those shadows that, as a result of strong subtraction (which happens with GCR/Heavy and GCR/Maximum), turned out to be too gray and, accordingly, not dense enough. Since UCR provides even lower black generation than GCR/Light (and, accordingly, less black subtraction), the UCA option becomes unnecessary when using it.
    Once again I want to clarify that all of the above is relevant for the Custom CMYK menu in a modern environment Photoshop versions, and more or less displays the characteristics of the corresponding color separation modes in other applications, but does not display all possible cases of controlling the color separation of an image. Therefore, Adobe Photoshop should not be considered as perfect tool to create ICC profiles and, accordingly, a tool that allows you to redefine all color separation parameters. For full description for this process, Photoshop lacks options such as Black Start And Black Width, which exist in other, more advanced tools for creating ICC profiles (see Fig. 2.).



    Fig.2. An example of a description of options for controlling black generation parameters in the GretagMacbeth ProfileMaker 5.x environment

    For my part, I thank Alexander Pylsky for the constructive criticism expressed when writing this article.

    The article was useful and you would like to receive Additional information? We invite you to study at our training center. We conduct high-quality courses and trainings for color correctors, designers, pre-press specialists, printing and advertising managers, and other printing professionals. Professional trainings with on-site visits to students in Kyiv, Ukraine, or throughout the CIS and beyond.

  • Functions

    ACT, Inc. reports that the ACT exam measures a student's general knowledge and ability to perform college-level tasks entering high school through tests in a variety of areas: English, math, reading and science. An optional written test shows the ability to correctly structure your speech and write short essays. The ACT core scores can provide an indicator of college readiness, and scores on each of the subtests indicate a basic level in English, algebra, social studies, humanities, or biology.

    Usage

    The ACT is most often taken by students from the Midwest and Southern states, while the SAT is more popular on the East (although the ACT previously prevailed there) and West coasts of the United States. Institutional use of ACT scores has increased as a result of large quantity criticism of a competitor. The Mensa Society and the High IQ society also accept ACT scores (pre-September and a minimum score of 29) upon admission to the society. The Triple Nine Society accepts scores of 32 or higher for exams taken before October 1989, and scores above 34 for exams taken later.

    Structure

    Most of the ACT consists of four-choice tests. Subject tests: English, mathematics, reading and scientific reasoning. Each subject test is scored on a scale from 1 to 36 points. English, math, and reading tests also have additional scores ranging from 1 to 18 (they are not related in any way to the overall subject test score). The “overall result” is the sum of all four tests. Additionally, you can take a written test, which is graded on a scale from 2 to 12 points; the combined result for the written test and the English language test varies from 1 to 36. Also, from one to four comments to the essay from the examiners can be attached. The written test does not affect the overall result.

    For each correct answer, one point is awarded on the “temporary score”; for incorrect answers, unlike the SAT, points are not deducted. To improve the test results, a student can retake it; according to statistics, 55% of those who retook the ACT improved their score, 22% remained the same, and 23% did worse than before.

    English

    The 75-question test contains 5 passages of text with some underlined sentences on one page and instructions to correct the underlined parts on the other. One part of the questions focuses on text formatting and punctuation - commas, apostrophes, colons, etc. The other part tests rhetorical abilities - style (clarity and conciseness) and text organization. The test lasts 45 minutes.

    Mathematics

    Consists of 60 test questions, of which:

    • 14 assess basic knowledge of mathematics
    • 10 - elementary algebra
    • 9 - intermediate level of algebra
    • 4 - elementary trigonometry

    Calculators are allowed, but, unlike the SAT, programmable ones are not allowed. The test lasts 1 hour, but the ACT only has tests with five answer options instead of four.

    Reading

    Consists of 40 comprehension questions on four presented passages (taken from books and magazines):

    • The first one is part literary work(short works and novellas)
    • The second concerns social (history, economics, psychology, political science and anthropology) sciences
    • The third concerns the humanities (art, architecture, dance) sciences
    • The fourth relates to the natural sciences (biology, chemistry, physics)

    The test lasts 35 minutes.

    Scientific thinking

    Scientific Reasoning is a 35 minute test with 40 questions. The questions test the ability to interpret, analyze, evaluate, reason, and solve problems. 7 excerpts of scientific texts are given (on biology, geography, chemistry and physics). Almost all excerpts are taken from scientific research, but one of them is the opposing points of view of several different scientists on any phenomenon. For each passage, where the material is sometimes difficult to understand, there are 5-7 simple questions. In general, the test has three directions:

    Written test

    The written test is always given at the end of the exam and lasts 30 minutes. All essays must be on a specific topic, usually social. The written test does not affect the overall result. Instead, a joint English Test/Written Test result has been created. If a student writes an essay poorly, this combined score will drop by a maximum of 2 units. The specific structure of the essay is not defined.

    Two trained employees evaluate the work from 1 to 6 points, “0” is given if the essay is not written, is not in English, is not written with a No. 2 pencil, or it is impossible to understand what is written. The final result is the sum of two assessments. If the scores of two inspectors differ by more than one point, then a third is appointed, who will determine the final result.

    Although this test is optional, many educational establishments request it for admission and the essay score may influence the admission decision.

    results

    The average overall ACT score is 18, with a standard deviation of 6 points either way, but this statistic varies from year to year.

    Below is a table of average results for 2009.

    Taking the test

    Links

    Notes


    Wikimedia Foundation.

    2010.

      See what "ACT" is in other dictionaries: ACT-R

      - (pronounced act ARE: Adaptive Control of Thought Rational) is a cognitive architecture mainly developed by John Robert Anderson at Carnegie Mellon University. Like any cognitive architecture, ACT R aims to define the basic and irreducible... ... Wikipedia ACT!

      - Entwickler Sage Betriebssystem Microsoft Windows Category CRM Software Lizenz proprietär … Deutsch Wikipedia

      Act-Up Act-up

      - Paris Date de création 1989 Réunion hebdomadaire tous les jeudis à 19 h à l École des Beaux Arts 14, rue Bonaparte 75006 Paris Nombre d adhérents 150 revendiqués Site internet … Wikipédia en Français Act-up

      Act Up act

    It became possible to optionally take a written test (a month later, a similar section appeared in the SAT). All four-year colleges and universities accept ACT scores, but some may also require additional academic records.

    Functions

    ACT, Inc. reports that the ACT exam measures a student's entering high school's general knowledge and ability to perform college-level tasks through tests in a variety of areas: English, math, reading and natural Sciences. An optional written test shows the ability to correctly structure your speech and write short essays. The ACT core scores can provide an indicator of college readiness, and scores on each of the subtests indicate a basic level in English, algebra, social studies, humanities, or biology.

    Usage

    The ACT is most often taken by students from the Midwest and Southern states, while the SAT is more popular on the East (although the ACT previously prevailed there) and West coasts of the United States. The use of ACT scores by schools has increased as a result of much criticism of the competitor. Mensa Society, organization for people with high IQ, also accepts ACT scores (through September and a score of 29 or higher) for admission to the society. The Triple Nine Society accepts scores of 32 or higher for exams taken before October 1989, and scores above 34 for exams taken later.

    Structure

    Most of the ACT consists of four-choice tests. Subject tests: English, mathematics, reading and scientific reasoning. Each subject test is scored on a scale from 1 to 36 points. English, math, and reading tests also have additional scores ranging from 1 to 18 (they are not related in any way to the overall subject test score). The “overall result” is the sum of all four tests. Additionally, you can take a written test, which is graded on a scale from 2 to 12 points; the combined result for the written test and the English language test varies from 1 to 36. Also, from one to four comments to the essay from the examiners can be attached. The written test does not affect the overall result.

    For each correct answer, one point is awarded on the “temporary score”; points are not deducted for incorrect answers. To improve the test results, a student can retake it; according to statistics, 55% of those who retook the ACT improved their score, 22% remained the same, and 23% did worse than before.

    English

    The 75-question test contains 5 passages of text with some underlined sentences on one page and the underlined parts on the other. One part of the questions focuses on text formatting and punctuation - commas, apostrophes, colons, etc. The other part tests rhetorical abilities - style (clarity and conciseness) and text organization. The test lasts 45 minutes.

    Mathematics

    Consists of 60 test questions, of which:

    • 14 assess basic knowledge of mathematics
    • 10 - elementary algebra
    • 9 - intermediate level of algebra
    • 4 - elementary trigonometry

    Calculators are allowed, but, unlike the SAT, programmable ones are not allowed. The test lasts 1 hour, but the ACT only has tests with five answer options instead of four.

    Reading

    Consists of 40 comprehension questions on four presented passages (taken from books and magazines):

    • The first is a part of a literary work (short works and novellas)
    • The second concerns social (history, economics, psychology, political science and anthropology) sciences
    • The third concerns the humanities (art, architecture, dance) sciences
    • The fourth relates to the natural sciences (biology, chemistry, physics)

    The test lasts 35 minutes.

    Scientific thinking

    Scientific Reasoning is a 35 minute test with 40 questions. The questions test the ability to interpret, analyze, evaluate, reason, and solve problems. 7 excerpts of scientific texts are given (on biology, geography, chemistry and physics). Almost all of the passages are taken from scientific research, but one of them is the opposing points of view of several different scientists on a phenomenon. For each passage, where the material is sometimes difficult to understand, there are 5-7 simple questions. In general, the test has three directions:

    Written test

    The written test is always given at the end of the exam and lasts 30 minutes. All essays must be on a specific topic, usually social. The written test does not affect the overall result. Instead, a joint English Test/Written Test result has been created. If a student writes an essay poorly, this combined score will drop by a maximum of 2 units. The specific structure of the essay is not defined.

    Two trained employees evaluate the work from 1 to 6 points, “0” is given if the essay is not written, is not in English, is not written with a No. 2 pencil, or it is impossible to understand what is written. The final result is the sum of two assessments. If the scores of two inspectors differ by more than one point, then a third is appointed, who will determine the final result.

    Although this test is optional, many schools require it for admission and the essay score may influence the admissions decision.

    results

    The average overall ACT score is 18, with a standard deviation of 6 points either way, but this statistic varies from year to year.

    Below is a table of average results for 2009.

    Taking the test

    Notes

    1. American Mensa | Qualifying Test Scores Archived July 21, 2011.

    Sometimes square-eyed users come to me and say that “everything has disappeared from their desktop,” or “it’s not their desktop that has loaded.” Naturally, there are many important documents that are needed for work. And especially there was a report that needed to be submitted to the boss right now. This problem is not new and many experts technical support We have already encountered it in Windows XP and Windows 2000. The thing is that for some reason a temporary profile was loaded.

    There was a version that this was due to the compatibility of the Symantec corporate antivirus client with the above mentioned operating systems. This may be true - I haven’t checked, but in 2 companies that use this combination, I observed a similar picture, which suggests that this is exactly the case.

    To make sure that there is a problem with loading the profile, then in the folder c:\Documents and Settings\ you can see a fresh folder with a name something like TEMP.<имя домена> or paladinum.<имя домена> (where paladinum is an example of a user identifier, UserID). There are several ways to fix this problem. You can, for example, rename the main user profile c:\Documents and Settings\paladinum V c:\Documents and Settings\paladinum.bak, then delete the tempo profile - of course, all this must be done in the administrator account, the user profile must be unloaded. Next, we ask the user to authorize the system, thereby creating a new profile (clean and brand new). Next, use the copy/paste method to transfer from paladinum.bak V paladinum all user data - documents from the desktop and the “My Documents” folder, do not forget about the “Favorites” folder, as well as all the necessary program settings that are stored in the profile. This method is quite painstaking and takes a lot of time, and at the same time does not give 100% return of all profile settings - at one point some nonsense may pop up and the user will come running to you for help again, so I recommend not deleting the folder right away paladinum.bak.

    There is another way to get your profile back working with all the settings. To do this, directly in the temporary profile, open the registry editor with the command regedit. To do this, click Start - Run (Start -> Run), and in the window that appears, enter the command:

    Click OK. The registry editor opens and we begin to look for our profile folder in the following path: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList. There will be a lot of folders that will look something like this:

    Registry Editor/Profile List

    Select each folder one by one and look at the value of the key “ ProfileImagePath"—it stores the path to the profile folders. In our case we need to find: %SystemDrive%\Documents and Settings\ TEMP.<имя домена> or paladinum.<имя домена> . Feel free to change the value to %SystemDrive%\Documents and Settings\paladinum and restart the computer. If there are no more problems with the profile, then after a reboot the user will be able to log in and see the desktop that is familiar to his eyes. But even using this profile recovery option, I would first recommend making a copy of the user’s profile - you never know what happens 😉



    Act Up. So here it is Act Up action", which means "action". (hereinafter in the text instead of Act Up will be said action) action act=Online or act=UserCP

    act=idx
    First find this code:
    if (! isset($choice[ $ibforums->input["act"] ])) ( $ibforums-> idx idx on portal OR on home


    $choice = array("idx" => "Boards", "SC" => "Boards", "SF" => "Forums", "SR" => "Forums", "ST" => "Topics", "Login" => "Login", "Post" => "Post", "Poll" => "lib/add_poll", "Reg" => "Register", "Online" => "Online", "Members" => "Memberlist", "Help" => "Help", "Search" => "Search", "Mod" => "Moderate", "Print" => "misc/print_page", "Forward" => " misc/forward_page", "Mail" => "misc/contact_member", "Invite" => "misc/contact_member", "ICQ" => "misc/contact_member", "AOL" => "misc/contact_member", " YAHOO" => "misc/contact_member", "MSN" => "misc/contact_member", "report" => "misc/contact_member", "chat" => "misc/contact_member", "integ" => "misc /contact_member", "Msg" => "Messenger", "UserCP" => "Usercp", "Profile" => "Profile", "Track" => "misc/tracker", "Stats" => "misc/ stats", "Attach" => "misc/attach", "ib3" => "misc/ib3", "legends" => "misc/legends", "modcp" => "mod_cp", "calendar" => "calendar", "buddy" => "browsebuddy", "boardrules" => "misc/contact_member", "mmod" => "misc/multi_moderate", "warn" => "misc/warn", "home" = > "dynamiclite/csite", "module" => action "warn" => "misc/warn",, then this means for act=warn
    sources sources

    lang And skin. We find accordingly:
    $ibforums->lang = $std->load_words($ibforums->lang, "lang_post" , $ibforums->lang_id);
    $ibforums->lang = $std->load_words($ibforums->lang, "lang_ucp" , $ibforums->lang_id); And And $this->html = $std-> lang_post.php

    lang_ucp.php

    skin_ucp.php
    Here's what's connected with it:
    "idx" =>
    "SC" =>
    "SF" =>
    "SR" =>
    "ST" =>
    "Login" =>
    "Post" =>
    "Poll" =>
    "Reg" =>
    "Online" =>
    "Members" =>
    "Help" =>
    "Search" =>
    "Mod" =>
    "Print" =>
    "Forward" =>
    "Mail" =>
    "Invite" =>
    "ICQ" => Sending a message to ICQ
    "AOL" => Sending a message to AOL
    "YAHOO" => Sending a message to YAHOO
    "MSN" => Send message to MSN
    "report" =>
    "chat" =>
    "integer" =>
    "Msg" =>
    "UserCP" =>
    "Profile" =>
    "Track" => Subscribe to topic/forum
    "Stats" =>
    "Attach" =>
    "ib3" =>
    "legends" => Emoticons, bbcode help
    "modcp" =>
    "calendar" =>
    "buddy" =>
    "boardrules" =>
    "mmod" =>
    "warn" =>


    Act Up

    "home" =>








    if ($ibforums->input["showforum"] != "") ( $ibforums->input["act"] = "SF"; $ibforums->input["f"] = intval($ibforums-> input["showforum"]); ) else if ($ibforums->input["showtopic"] != "") ( $ibforums->input["act"] = "ST"; $ibforums->input[" t"] = intval($ibforums->input["showtopic"]); // Grab and cache the topic now as we need the "f" attr for // the skins... $DB->query("SELECT t.*, f.topic_mm_id, f.name as forum_name, f.quick_reply, f.id as forum_id, f.read_perms, f.reply_perms, f.parent_id, f.use_html, f.start_perms, f.allow_poll, f. password, f.posts as forum_posts, f.topics as forum_topics, f.upload_perms, f.show_rules, f.rules_text, f.rules_title, c.name as cat_name, c.id as cat_id FROM ibf_topics t, ibf_forums f , ibf_categories c WHERE t.tid=".$ibforums->input["t"]." and f.id = t.forum_id and f.category=c.id"); $ibforums->topic_cache = $DB->fetch_row( ); $ibforums->input["f"] = $ibforums->topic_cache["forum_id"]; ) else if ($ibforums->input["showuser"] != "") ( $ibforums->input[ "act"] = "Profile";

    $ibforums->input["MID"] = intval($ibforums->input["showuser"]); )

    Structure and paths in IPB


    IBResource Forums

    There are no answers in this thread

    • IBResource

    City: 99|rus
    Many people probably have a question:

    "Why are there so many files in IPB? After all, the paths always go to one index.php file, and only the parameters change."

    So this short article on IPB files should help you understand IPB better. What to look for where. Where to change what. Act Up. So here it is Act Up Almost all pages in IPB have a parameter in the address is an abbreviation for "action", which means "action". (hereinafter in the text instead of Act Up will be said action) English word So this is the main component of dividing by files. Almost every action value has its own file with functions + its own file with templates + its own language file. Why almost? Because there are small actions, naturally action different meanings act=Online or act=UserCP, but they are all combined into one file with functions + also a combined language file + also a combined file with templates. For example, there are large
    . They each have their own service files with functions, etc.

    So how do you understand which action applies to which files? act=idx To do this, go to index.php. Everything is written out there. Let me tell you right away that index.php?
    First find this code:
    is the address of the main page of the forum where all categories and forums are presented. idx if (! isset($choice[ $ibforums->input["act"] ])) ( $ibforums->input["act"] = "idx"; ) This entry means that if the action parameter is not specified, then it is equal by default . So that's why when you start the forum it just opens at the address forum with a list of forums. By changing the value here idx on portal(for a forum where IBF Portal 3.2 or 4.0 is installed) OR on home(if you have 1.2 and the IPDynamic Lite portal is installed), then you will get that by default it will not be the forum that will load, but the portal.

    Now go a little higher and find something like this:
    $choice = array("idx" => "Boards", "SC" => "Boards", "SF" => "Forums", "SR" => "Forums", "ST" => "Topics", "Login" => "Login", "Post" => "Post", "Poll" => "lib/add_poll", "Reg" => "Register", "Online" => "Online", "Members" => "Memberlist", "Help" => "Help", "Search" => "Search", "Mod" => "Moderate", "Print" => "misc/print_page", "Forward" => " misc/forward_page", "Mail" => "misc/contact_member", "Invite" => "misc/contact_member", "ICQ" => "misc/contact_member", "AOL" => "misc/contact_member", " YAHOO" => "misc/contact_member", "MSN" => "misc/contact_member", "report" => "misc/contact_member", "chat" => "misc/contact_member", "integ" => "misc /contact_member", "Msg" => "Messenger", "UserCP" => "Usercp", "Profile" => "Profile", "Track" => "misc/tracker", "Stats" => "misc/ stats", "Attach" => "misc/attach", "ib3" => "misc/ib3", "legends" => "misc/legends", "modcp" => "mod_cp", "calendar" => "calendar", "buddy" => "browsebuddy", "boardrules" => "misc/contact_member", "mmod" => "misc/multi_moderate", "warn" => "misc/warn", "home" = > "dynamiclite/csite", "module" => "modules",); action And here is a list of all values "warn" => "misc/warn",, then this means for act=warn(left) and a list of file names (without the php extension) what they refer to (right). If the line is like this -
    service file is located at sources Why is the directory not specified in the line? sources, and I indicated it? Because all service files (almost) are located in the folder
    (translated from English - source codes).
    How can I find out where the language files and templates for a given file are located? lang And skin. We find accordingly:
    $ibforums->lang = $std->load_words($ibforums->lang, "lang_post" , $ibforums->lang_id);
    Just. We go into the file, for example we selected UserCP.php. There we are looking for words And And $this->html = $std->$this->html = $std->load_template("skin_ucp"); lang_post.php

    lang_ucp.php

    From which it is not difficult to understand that 2 language files are used
    . And only one template file is used
    "idx" => index - Forum main page
    "SC" => Show Category - Displays a list of forums of the selected category
    "SF" => Show Forum - Shows a list of topics for the selected forum!
    "SR" => Show Rules - Shows the rules of the selected forum (you can create your own for each forum)
    "Post" => Serves publishing messages, creating topics, polls
    "Poll" => Serves adding votes to a poll
    "Reg" => Registration, password recovery...
    "Online" => List of active users (those who are online)
    "Members" => List of all users, different sorting...
    "Help" => Maintenance of help files (FAQ, viewing, sorting)
    "Search" => Search the forum. Advanced Search. View new messages since last visit, active topics.
    "Mod" => Moderation. Moderator actions. Transfer topics. Division, etc.
    "Print" => View of the theme for printing, saving the theme in HTML, Ms Word...
    "Forward" => Sending a link to a topic to a friend by e-mail.
    "Mail" => Writing and sending a letter to the user by e-mail.
    "Invite" => There is no such function yet. But the developers are already making preparations for themselves in advance
    "Mail" =>
    "Invite" =>
    "ICQ" => Sending a message to ICQ
    "AOL" => Sending a message to AOL
    "report" => Report to moderator (serving a link to the report to the moderator by e-mail about the message)
    "chat" => Chat module. Invision Power Chat paid chat. That's why it's not in the set
    "integ" => Sending a message to Integrity Messenger
    "Msg" => Personal Mailbox Maintenance. Reception of sending and other actions with PMs (messages in Privat)
    "UserCP" => Large script for working with "Profile". This includes managing subscriptions and forum settings, etc...
    "Profile" => View user profile...
    "UserCP" =>
    "Stats" => 10 best authors, 10 best authors today and a link to the Administration
    "Attach" => Downloading an attached file to a message (attachment)
    "ib3" => Forum login module for Ikonboard 3. Related to conversion from IkonBoard3
    "Attach" =>
    "modcp" => Moderator control panel. And everything connected with it
    "calendar" => Calendar. publishing, changing calendar events...
    "buddy" => User contact list. Adding a user to contacts, etc.
    "boardrules" => General rules for the entire forum. From viewing.
    "mmod" => Multimoderation. Creating general rules for moderating forums
    "warn" => Rating/warning system
    "home" => View the IPDynamic Lite portal. This link makes it clear why act=home is a portal
    "module" => Additional synchronization modules. Appeared only in 1.2


    So if you want to change something, look in the address bar of your browser, see what the parameter is equal to Act Up, and you will immediately know where to look. And the place that you are looking for can be found by some text that is not dynamic (does not change). And since the text is static, it means it is probably in the language files. This means that having found it through a search in the language files, you can see which variable corresponds to this entry and already search Right place by variable name, which will usually lead you to templates with the already familiar HTML language. There, having basic English skills (usually variables are called in simple understandable words in English language) you can find what you need there and understand without language translations what is what.

    "home" =>
    idx - index - forum main page
    SC - Show Category - view the selected category (list of forums of the selected category)
    SF - Show Forum - View the forum (list of topics for the selected forum)
    SR - Show Rules - View forum rules (you can add your own to each forum via AdminCP)
    ST - Show Topic - View topic (list of messages of the selected topic)

    also in latest version 1.2 introduced several more abbreviated types of links that mimic these regular ones. This
    index.php?showforum=3 - this entry is identical to index.php?act=SF&f=3
    index.php?showtopic=33234 - this entry is identical to index.php?act=ST&f=forum_number&t=33234
    index.php?showuser=343 - this entry is identical to index.php?act=Profile&CODE=03&MID=343

    These three shortcuts are implemented by the code that is written in index.php:
    if ($ibforums->input["showforum"] != "") ( $ibforums->input["act"] = "SF"; $ibforums->input["f"] = intval($ibforums-> input["showforum"]); ) else if ($ibforums->input["showtopic"] != "") ( $ibforums->input["act"] = "ST"; $ibforums->input[" t"] = intval($ibforums->input["showtopic"]); // Grab and cache the topic now as we need the "f" attr for // the skins... $DB->query("SELECT t.*, f.topic_mm_id, f.name as forum_name, f.quick_reply, f.id as forum_id, f.read_perms, f.reply_perms, f.parent_id, f.use_html, f.start_perms, f.allow_poll, f. password, f.posts as forum_posts, f.topics as forum_topics, f.upload_perms, f.show_rules, f.rules_text, f.rules_title, c.name as cat_name, c.id as cat_id FROM ibf_topics t, ibf_forums f , ibf_categories c WHERE t.tid=".$ibforums->input["t"]." and f.id = t.forum_id and f.category=c.id"); $ibforums->topic_cache = $DB->fetch_row( ); $ibforums->input["f"] = $ibforums->topic_cache["forum_id"]; ) else if ($ibforums->input["showuser"] != "") ( $ibforums->input[ "act"] = "Profile";

    In general, everything you want to change can be found by searching in the forum files. Therefore, always keep a copy of all forum files on your hard drive. After all, searching files on the server via ftp is simply impossible. But this is a topic for another article. So The End. Good luck

    All comments and questions about the article please! If there are changes or any important questions and answers, I will add them here to the topic!