April 12, 1961 will forever remain in the memory of the older generation. Millions of people, young and old, did not hide their delight. This have not happened before! Man in Space! And not just anyone, but our Yuri Gagarin! Pride for the country filled the hearts of compatriots. The poet A. Shcherbakov will write: “... and the world, as on Victory Day, rejoiced.”
Russia is the birthplace of astronautics. The first ideas for space exploration were born in it, the first most important steps in the conquest of outer space were taken, worthy sons of their Fatherland were born here, people whose names glorified our country throughout the world.
For new generations, April 12, 1961 is distant history, but we must draw their attention to the events that have become the golden pages of human history, to the names of people with whom the greatest feat is associated - a breakthrough into space.
This methodological manual includes materials designed to help library workers in planning, preparing and conducting events dedicated to Russian cosmonautics.
By holding events about space and astronautics, libraries should instill in young people a sense of patriotism, pride in the achievements of the human mind, showing the great achievements of the Russian people through the heroic profession of astronaut.
The goals of events about space and astronautics are:
Introducing readers to the history of space exploration and the first cosmonauts, broadening their horizons by popularizing literature about achievements in the field of astronautics;
Instilling interest in the study of space and the history of astronautics;
Fostering a sense of patriotism and citizenship.
Book exhibitions should present pages of biographies of outstanding cosmonauts, the history of the development of astronautics, and various reference books. The following exhibitions are recommended: exhibition – game or exhibition – quiz “Roads to the Stars”, which can be dedicated to a specific topic. At the exhibition, you can place an appeal to the reader with a call to participate in the quiz. Exhibition – portrait (exhibition – personality) “Star Son of the Earth”, “Yu. Gagarin – Man – Legend”, dedicated to an outstanding personality. At the exhibition you can place his portrait, books about this person, prepare booklets, bookmarks with a biography.
Exhibition - crossword puzzle “Space is getting closer” - place an enlarged crossword puzzle on it, as well as literature with which you can find answers.
It will be possible to learn interesting facts from the life of our Universe and the planets of the Solar System through public events. Their forms should be varied. Literary composition with viewing of the feature film “Take Off”, “Into the Starry Sky”, slide presentation “The First Cosmonaut of Planet Earth”, round table “Man. Universe. Space", an erudite hour "Above us is a starry sky", an hour of interesting messages "Flight to unknown worlds", a conference "A man ascended into space", a lesson in courage "In orbit, a woman is an astronaut", an educational hour "Among the stars and galaxies", video quiz “World of Space”, etc.
The thematic hour “First Steps into the Universe” will tell about the magical beauty and great mystery of space, which increasingly attracts people. In the process of learning about discoveries in astronomy, children will learn about the structure of the solar system, galaxy and universe. Schoolchildren will be fascinated by the possibility of searching for extraterrestrial civilizations. They will get acquainted with the amazing, rare and dangerous profession of an astronaut.
Information about space cooking and space records will be of great interest. At the event, you can talk about how each of us benefits from the results of space research, about the successes of the space industry today. In conclusion, children should be recommended books and encyclopedias on this topic from the library collection.
ANNEX 1.
What is space
Conversation
The word “cosmos” translated from Greek means “world”, “universe”. From the Greeks the word “cosmos” passed into modern science as a synonym for the Universe. Space includes interplanetary, interstellar, intergalactic space with all objects located in it. Space is a huge space, and it is getting bigger and bigger.
Our entire solar system represents only a small part of the cosmos. Everything that happens in space affects the objects located in it, that is, each of us.
Studying what happens in space helps people on Earth take the necessary measures to preserve life. With the help of spacecraft launched from Earth, it is possible not only to observe the processes that occur on our planet, but also to take the necessary measures in a timely manner. For example, you can warn in advance about some natural phenomena: strong hurricanes, floods, magnetic storms and others.
To explore and use space, humanity is constantly inventing and launching more and more spacecraft into space. Today there are a huge number of artificial satellites in space, with the help of which television, telephone and radio communications are carried out on Earth.
For a long time now, television programs have not mentioned that the transmission is carried out via satellite. Modern technical means immeasurably increase the speed and range of information transmission. The use of space technology in communication systems has significantly increased its efficiency, made it possible to connect all corners of the globe, and made it possible to widely use the most informative short waves, on which, in particular, television operates. New opportunities for improving the quality, efficiency and reliability of communications have opened up with the launch of artificial Earth satellites. Being in the field of direct radio visibility of a large number of ground points remote from each other, the satellite allows them to be united by a space communications network. For this communication, thanks to the direct visibility of the satellite from ground points, informative short waves are used, which ensures reliable and highly economical transmission of a large amount of information over long distances.
The vagaries of the weather have captivated the human imagination for thousands of years. Manned spacecraft and stations have great opportunities for operational observation of weather phenomena, since an astronaut can immediately provide information about certain weather phenomena without waiting for special processing of meteorological information. Our country has created a permanent space weather service system, Meteor, which is continuously being improved. Satellite meteorology is one of the most striking examples of space serving the practical needs of people.
Every year, geologists discover more and more treasures of the Earth. Oil and natural gas, iron ore and manganese, aluminum and tin, gold and diamonds, uranium and coal - this is not a complete list of those vital materials that most directly affect the development of our industry, the life of the country, its growth power and prosperity. The launches of the first manned spacecraft showed that from orbital altitudes one can discern a lot on the earth's surface even with the naked eye. Already today there is every reason to assert that cosmic geology will occupy one of the leading places in identifying the patterns of formation and placement of mineral deposits. Space technology will play a major role in facilitating the integration of disparate ideas about the natural processes occurring on our planet.
Agriculture and forestry receive a lot of useful information from artificial Earth satellites. Today, sufficient experience has not yet been accumulated that would allow us to calculate the full effect that the space service provides. Comparison of satellite images taken at different times will make it possible to study forest restoration processes, predict reserves of various types of tree species, and determine rational cutting dates. Space photography can serve as the basis for the optimal development of plans for the logging industry on a national scale, the selection of sites for logging depending on their quality, the quality of the forest stand, species composition, wood reserves, as well as taking into account the conditions of rafting and transport. Space assets can play a special role in protecting forests from fires.
Spaceships launched from Earth are sent to various planets of the solar system: Mars, Saturn, Venus, Pluto and others. And not only spaceships, but also people, American astronauts, have already visited the Moon. Large reserves of helium have been discovered on the Moon. When it becomes possible to deliver it to Earth, the Earth's fuel resources will increase for many hundreds of years.
We know that in billions of years life on Earth may cease, so the question of searching for objects in space that would be suitable for human life in the future is already becoming urgent.
We are interested in whether there is life in other star systems and in other galaxies, whether there are intelligent beings in the Universe, and whether it is possible to establish contacts with them. The efforts of mankind are aimed at all this today.
A little over fifty years have passed since man launched the first devices into space, but we have learned so many new, interesting and useful things. And humanity still has many, many millions of years ahead, which will allow us to penetrate deeper into the secrets of the Universe and preserve life that originated on Earth in the future.
The exploration of space and its use for the benefit of humanity is becoming more intense and is teaching us the first lessons. There are more and more artificial flying objects in space, the operation and flight of which must be constantly monitored in order to avoid unpleasant consequences.
In February 2009, artificial satellites of the United States and Russia collided in space. Their collision created large debris that is dangerous for other aircraft and, first of all, for the International Space Station, where researchers from Russia, the USA and other countries work. It is necessary to more actively use methods and means of cleaning outer space from debris developed on Earth.
The Universe, or space, is the entire world around us. All celestial bodies go through a complex path of development. But no matter how they change, what they consist of (matter) is indestructible, therefore the Universe is not only infinite, but also eternal.
APPENDIX 2.
Biography of Yuri Gagarin
Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin was born on March 9, 1934 in the village of Klushino, Gzhatsky district, Western region of the RSFSR (now Gagarinsky district, Smolensk region), near the city of Gzhatsk (now Gagarin). He comes from a peasant background: his father, Alexei Ivanovich Gagarin (1902 - 1973), is a carpenter, his mother, Anna Timofeevna Matveeva (1903 - 1984), is a pig farmer.
Yuri spent his childhood in the village of Klushino. On September 1, 1941, the boy went to school, but on October 12, the Germans occupied the village, and his studies were interrupted. For almost a year and a half, the village of Klushino was occupied by German troops. On April 9, 1943, the village was liberated by the Red Army, and school resumed.
On May 24, 1945, the Gagarin family moved to Gzhatsk. In May 1949, Gagarin graduated from the sixth grade of the Gzhatsk secondary school and on September 30 entered the Lyubertsy vocational school No. 10. At the same time, he entered an evening school for working youth, where he graduated from the seventh grade in May 1951, and in June he graduated with honors from college with a degree in molding and foundry.
In August 1951, Gagarin entered the Saratov Industrial College and on October 25, 1954, he came to the Saratov Aero Club for the first time. In 1955, Yuri Gagarin achieved significant success, graduated with honors and made the first independent flight on the Yak-18 aircraft. In total, Yuri Gagarin performed 196 flights at the flying club and logged 42 hours and 23 minutes.
On October 27, 1955, Gagarin was drafted into the army and sent to Orenburg, to the 1st Military Aviation School named after K.E. Voroshilov. He studied with the then famous test pilot Ya.Sh. Akbulatova. On October 25, 1957, Gagarin graduated from college with honors. For two years he served in the 169th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 122nd Fighter Aviation Division of the Northern Fleet, armed with MiG-15bis aircraft. By October 1959, he had flown a total of 265 hours.
In 1959 he married Valentina Ivanovna Goryacheva. On December 9, 1959, Gagarin wrote a statement asking to be included in the group of cosmonaut candidates. A week later he was called to Moscow to undergo a comprehensive medical examination at the Central Research Aviation Hospital. Early next year, another special medical commission followed, which declared Senior Lieutenant Gagarin fit for space flight. On March 3, 1960, by order of the Air Force Commander-in-Chief Konstantin Andreevich Vershinin, he was enrolled in the group of cosmonaut candidates, and on March 11, Gagarin and his family left for a new place of work. On March 25, regular classes began under the cosmonaut training program.
On April 12, 1961, for the first time in the world, the Vostok spacecraft launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome with pilot-cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin on board. For this feat he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and from April 12, 1962, the day of Gagarin's flight into space was declared a holiday - Cosmonautics Day.
In 1966, Gagarin was elected an honorary member of the International Academy of Astronautics, and in 1964 he was appointed commander of the Soviet cosmonaut corps. In June 1966, Gagarin had already begun training under the Soyuz program. He was appointed as Komarov's backup, who made the first flight on the new ship.
On February 17, 1968, Yuri Alekseevich defended his diploma project at the Air Force Engineering Academy named after Professor Zhukovsky. The State Examination Commission awarded Colonel Yu.A. Gagarin qualified as a "pilot-engineer-cosmonaut". Until his last days, Gagarin served as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
On March 27, 1968, he died under unclear circumstances near the village of Novoselovo, Kirzhach district, Vladimir region, during one of his training flights. He was buried near the Kremlin wall on Red Square.
Ranks:
·Hero of Socialist Labor of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (April 28, 1961);
·Hero of Labor of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
The Soviet government also promoted Yu.A. Gagarin in the rank of senior lieutenant immediately to major. Yu.A. Gagarin was:
President of the Soviet-Cuban Friendship Society;
·honorary member of the Society “Finland – Soviet Union”;
·since 1966 he was an honorary member of the International Academy of Astronautics.
Orders:
·Lenin (USSR);
· Georgiy Dimitrov (Bulgaria);
·Karl Marx (GDR);
·Class II star (Indonesia);
·Order of the Cross of Grunwald (Poland);
· Banner of the 1st class with diamonds (Hungary);
· “Necklace of the Nile” (Egypt);
·Large Ribbon of the African Star (Liberia);
· “For merits in the field of aeronautics” (Brazil);
Medals and diplomas:
·Medal "Gold Star" (USSR);
·Gold Medal named after Konstantin Tsiolkovsky “outstanding work in the field of interplanetary communications” (USSR Academy of Sciences);
· Medal de Lavaux (FAI);
·Gold medal of the Austrian government, 1962;
·Gold medal and honorary diploma “Man in Space” of the Italian Cosmonautics Association;
·Gold medal “For Outstanding Distinction” and an honorary diploma from the Royal Aero Club of Sweden;
·Great gold medal and FAI diploma;
·Gold Medal of the British Society for Interplanetary Communications, 1961;
·Columbus Medal (Italy);
·Gold medal of the city of Saint-Denis (France);
· Gold medal of the Mazzotti Foundation Award for Courage (Italy), 2007
Yuri Gagarin was elected an honorary citizen of the cities: Baikonur (1977), Kaluga, Novocherkassk, Lyubertsy, Sumgait, Smolensk, Vinnitsa, Sevastopol, Saratov, Tyumen (USSR); Orenburg (Russia); Sofia, Pernik, Plovdiv (Bulgaria); Athens, Greece); Famagusta, Limassol (Cyprus); Saint Denis (France); Trencianske Teplice (Czechoslovakia). He was also presented with golden keys to the gates of the cities of Cairo and Alexandria (Egypt).
APPENDIX 3.
From the memoirs of Yuri Gagarin. One hundred eight minutes
One day I was walking through frosty Moscow, but already filled with a premonition of spring.
Thousands of people walked along Gorky Street towards me and overtook me. And no one, of course, knew that a grandiose event was being prepared, the likes of which history had never known. I stood at the Kremlin wall, looked again at the Lenin Mausoleum, went down to the Moscow River... That same night I flew to Baikonur.
German Titov, several other cosmonauts, a group of scientists and a doctor flew to the cosmodrome with me. We sat next to Herman. The fears of those who suggested not warning us about the day of the flight so that we would not be nervous were not justified. Both I and Herman, who was ready to take a seat in the Vostok cockpit if necessary, felt great.
We were ready. But the long-awaited decision of the state commission was announced only at the cosmodrome: I was appointed commander of Vostok-1, German Titov - my backup.
Until April 11, German and I studied the flight schedule and worked out all the elements of the mission. It was necessary to remember all the operations that had to be performed during the flight. Both the creator of the spacecraft and prominent Soviet scientists helped us in this.
We also got used to “cosmic cuisine” - juices and pates that we had to eat from special tubes.
The day before the flight was set aside for complete rest. In the house where Herman and I lived, quiet music sounded. There was no talk about the flight. We remembered our childhood, the books we read, the films we saw. They laughed merrily at each other, remembering all sorts of funny incidents and incidents. In addition to the doctor, who was with us almost constantly, friends from the detachment and the Chief Designer (S.P. Korolev - his last name remained secret for a long time - ed.) came by.
We went to bed at nine in the evening. I remember I didn’t have any dreams. At half past five in the morning the doctor woke me up. Herman also stood up, humming, as usual, a humorous song. Last check. Everything is okay.
They helped me put on the spacesuit. Right there, it seems, I gave the first autographs in my life.
Then German and I boarded a special bus, in which space life begins. The suit is connected to devices that supply air.
At the foot of the rocket - a huge structure reaching into the sky - I said goodbye to those seeing me off and took the elevator up to the top of the rocket. The statement I made a few minutes before is widely known. It was published in newspapers and broadcast on the radio. Nevertheless, I would like to remember a few phrases said at the cosmodrome. They accurately reflected my state of mind before the flight, my feelings and thoughts:
“Am I happy going on a space flight? Of course I'm happy. Indeed, at all times and eras it has been the highest happiness for people to participate in new discoveries. Now there are only a few minutes left before the start. I say to you, dear friends, goodbye, as people always say to each other when setting out on a long journey. How I would like to hug you all, acquaintances and strangers, distant and close!”
And so I was left alone, among numerous devices illuminated by artificial light. Only the radio connected me with the outside world.
Of course, I was worried - only a robot wouldn’t worry at such moments and in such an environment. But at the same time, I was confident that the flight would end successfully, that nothing would happen that our scientists and technicians had not foreseen. I was confident in the perfection of the rocket, the spacesuit, the instruments, the connection with the Earth, and the quality of the food. Obviously, they were confident in me too. All this taken together was called “readiness for space flight.”
What was I thinking about while sitting in the chair of the spaceship before the launch? The communication technology has already been tested. I could hear music: my friends made sure I didn’t feel lonely. Sixty minutes of “free time” remained.
The speed of human thought has not yet been calculated, but what distance can it cover in an hour! I was to become a pioneer, the first person to break away from the Earth, to overcome the power of its gravity. Of all human daring dreams, this, of course, from time immemorial was considered the most unrealizable, fabulous.
The rocket engines were turned on at 9:07 am. Overloads immediately began to increase. I was literally pushed into the chair. As soon as Vostok broke through the dense layers of the atmosphere, it saw the Earth. The ship was flying over a wide Siberian river. The islands on it and the wooded shores illuminated by the sun were clearly visible.
He looked first at the sky, then at the Earth. Mountain ranges and large lakes were clearly visible. Even the fields were visible.
The most beautiful sight was the horizon - a stripe painted with all the colors of the rainbow, dividing the Earth in the light of the sun's rays from the black sky. The convexity and roundness of the Earth was noticeable. It seemed that she was all surrounded by a halo of soft blue color, which through turquoise, blue and violet turns to blue-black...
The weightlessness that I quickly got used to played a cruel joke on me. After one of the entries in the logbook, I let go of the pencil, and it floated freely around the cabin along with the tablet. But suddenly the knot of the lace on which the pencil was attached came undone, and he dived somewhere under the seat. From that moment on I never saw him again. My further observations had to be transmitted by radio and recorded on a tape recorder.
Apart from this small incident, nothing unexpected happened. The pre-determined flight schedule was followed exactly. Until the descent, everything went approximately as we expected on Earth.
At 10:25 a.m. the braking device was automatically activated. The ship entered the dense layers of the atmosphere. Through the curtains covering the portholes, I saw the crimson glow of the flames raging around the ship. The weightlessness disappeared, the growing overloads again pressed me to the chair. They increased in size and were stronger than during takeoff.
At 10:55 a.m., 108 minutes after launch, the Vostok landed safely on the field of the Leninsky Put collective farm near the village of Smelovki.
I probably looked strange in the bright orange spacesuit. The first “earthlings”, a woman and a girl, were afraid to come closer to me. It was Anna Akimovna Takhtarova and her granddaughter Rita.
Then the machine operators ran up from the field camp, we hugged and kissed. In those less than two hours that I spent in space, the radio carried the news of the launch both here and to all corners of the Earth. My last name was already known to those who met me.
“Vostok” descended a few tens of meters from a deep ravine in which spring waters rustled. The ship turned black and burned, but that is why it seemed even more beautiful and dear to me than before the flight.
The forester's granddaughter Rita Takhtarova is now going to school. I will never forget that she and her grandmother were the first people to meet me after returning from space.
APPENDIX 4.
Poems about the first cosmonaut of the planet
I was the first to measure life backwards...
Vladimir Vysotsky
I was the first to measure life backwards.
I will be impartial and truthful:
First the skin shot out then
And she began to smoke, discharging her pores.
I hid, and became quiet, and froze.
It seemed to me that I was suddenly back
In the soullessness of airless pressure chambers
And into closed loops of centrifuges.
Now I will become motionless and heavy
And immersed in silence, but for now
Bellows and bugles of all newspaper cousins
This matter will be blown out of proportion for centuries.
The memory hit my nerves like a whip,
Each image in it was unique:
Here is my understudy, who could have been the first,
Who was able to become second for the first time.
So far they haven’t wasted any font on it –
Capital letters supply for one.
The two of us walked all the way to the elevator,
But then I went up without him.
Here is the one that drew the orbit.
Nobody knew him by sight when I was there.
I knew: now he is in a closed bunker
Throws handfuls of thoughts into a sieve.
And as if from behind a smoke screen
Friends and families showed up.
They will all be on the pages of the press soon
They will tell their biographies.
All of them with whom I knew good neighbors,
Witnesses will be brought to trial.
My usual barefoot childhood
They will put them on and put them in the tablets.
The wonderful word “Start” - like a cry -
It appeared and loomed over me.
Unkindly, the nozzles grumbled dully
And they spat out molten saliva.
And a whirlwind of feelings blew out the fire of the soul,
And I didn't dare or forgot to breathe.
The planet finally pulled in,
She pressed him, not risking letting go.
And the kilograms turned into tons,
The eyes seemed to come out of their sockets,
And the right eye for the first time, surprised
He looked at the left one without covering his eyelid.
I was gagged - I don’t remember - whether it was a scream or a gag.
I grew out of the chair like a tree stump with roots.
It's burned up every drop of fuel
And the first stage fell off.
The instruments on the ground have calmed down,
Spring has taken its course again.
My eyes returned to their place,
The overloads have disappeared, there is silence.
The experiment entered another phase.
The pulse began to beat less frequently on the sensors.
I flew into the night, bypassing the evening, right away
And received the command to rest.
I put the spacesuit helmet on my elbow,
He spoke about his well-being...
Such a sweet lightness has come,
Which even made her sick.
The microphone cord seemed to be twisted into a loop,
The lungs pounded on my ribs, ringing.
I choked on my heart for a moment -
It stuck in my throat.
I gave the report cheerfully, conscientiously,
Legible and very businesslike.
I thought: this is weightlessness,
I weigh zero, so little - nothing!
But I did not know at this hour of flight,
Joking about the wonderful weightlessness,
That she will vomit bloody
And bone calcium will be washed out with urine.
I immediately listed everything that I managed to remember,
He dictated it onto tape and even recorded it.
But scattered thoughts hovered above me
And they bumped their sides against the logbook.
I counted a lot of weighty, visible thoughts,
And the little ones scurried between them a little more smoothly,
But weightlessness somehow equalized them in weight -
There they will figure out which is more important later.
And I caught any that came my way,
He pulled her by a thin invisible rope.
The first one arose and immediately broke off,
There is only one word left: “Not guilty!”
But the word “innocent” does not mean “not involved”, -
This has been the case in Rus' for a long time.
We didn’t draw lots - happiness winked at me,
And a party member, a major, took communion with the stars.
Between “zero” and “start” it seemed to someone
Or maybe the operator wrote down in fear,
That I'm quite cheerful, showing off even a little,
Relaxed and bravo “Let’s go!” said.
The very first
Konstantin Simonov
Dawn. We don't know anything yet.
The usual “Latest News”...
And he is already flying through the constellations.
The earth will wake up with his name.
“My native country is wide...” –
The familiar voice of the first call signs.
We started our reports with them,
And it’s not for nothing that I remember this.
Without asking anyone for help,
Having risen from the ashes of wars and dust,
My country, which knows no fear,
Now he is sending his son into space.
We remember everything. Nothing is forgotten.
But we are for peace: seriously! For all! Forever!
And, launched into a peaceful orbit,
Our man goes into battle with nature.
Excitement hits your nerves like a hammer;
Not everyone can do this:
Get up and go on the attack, the very first!
I don’t want to look for other comparisons.
The orchestras fell silent, the speeches stopped...
Alexander Tvardovsky
The orchestras fell silent, the speeches stopped,
The motley front of the ceremonial flags is folded.
And this thunder of a unique meeting,
Like the thunder of a thunderstorm, it went beyond the horizon.
And a new feat was accomplished in the world,
And a new holiday burst out on the doorstep.
He was even more solemn and wider,
And he could no longer be the first.
APPENDIX 5.
Titles for events and exhibitions:
¾"Visiting the Stars"
¾"Gagarin is always ahead"
¾"Gagarin in the fate of my country"
¾"Galaxy of Good Mood"
¾"Road to the Stars"
¾"Soul born of the Universe"
¾“Towards the stars”
¾“Despite gravity”
¾"Calling to the Stars"
¾“From the history of astronautics”
¾"To the Distant Stars"
¾"Columbus of the Universe"
¾"Cosmic Mystery of the Zodiac"
¾"Space Worlds"
¾"Space Travel"
¾“My idea of astronautics in the future”
¾"My Universe"
¾“We are the children of the Galaxy”
¾“The huge sky is one for two”
¾"First woman in space"
¾"Conquest of the sky"
¾“The Tale of Gagarin”
¾"Pages of space launches"
¾"Man and the Universe"
¾“Pure birches, rivers and fields, from above all this is softer than crystal”
¾"Man rose to the sky"
¾"In the boundless time of the Universe"
¾“Into space, straight to the stars”
¾“In the solar kingdom, the cosmic state”
¾“For the glory of humanity, let ships rush to the stars!”
¾"All about space"
¾“The Road to the Fifth Ocean
¾"Road to the Universe"
¾“The road to the vastness of the Universe
¾"The Road to the Cosmodrome"
¾“The mysterious world of space.”
¾“Towards the stars”
¾"Starry Distances"
¾"Star Flight"
¾"Star Man"
¾“The earth will wake up with his name”
A book exhibition for Cosmonautics Day, “Steps to the Universe,” was launched for children in the reading room of the Irkutsk Regional Children’s Library named after Mark Sergeev.
This popular date is celebrated in Russia on April 12, because our country is the birthplace of astronautics. The first ideas for space exploration were born in Russia, and the first most important steps in the conquest of outer space were taken. In Russia, worthy sons of their Fatherland were born, people whose names glorified our country throughout the world by exploring space.
For new generations of readers, it is already distant history - the date of April 12, 1961, when the planet was shocked by the unexpected news that for the first time a person flew into space. This was the pilot-cosmonaut of our country, Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. Everyone definitely needs to remember the events that became the golden pages of not only Russian history, but also of all humanity, to remember those people with whom the greatest feat is associated - a breakthrough into space.
The library’s book exhibition features 17 brightly illustrated books that will help young readers get acquainted with the history of the development of astronautics, expand their knowledge about the Universe, cosmic bodies and phenomena, and learn interesting myths and legends related to the ancient ideas about the structure of the world.
April 12 is marked on the calendar with two “space” holidays: Cosmonautics Day in Russia and World Aviation and Cosmonautics Day. After all, it was on this day in 1961 that Soviet cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome on the Vostok-1 spacecraft and made an orbital flight around planet Earth for the first time in the world.
And this year marks 55 years since the first human flight into space. On the eve of the holiday, the staff of the Central Children's Library designed a bright book exhibition “Forward to the cosmic distances!” and organized events for children of different age groups.
On April 8, for students of grade 1a, MBOU Secondary School No. 3 held entertaining astronomy lesson “How tempting it is to become an astronomer, intimately familiar with the Universe” . The presenters talked about the structure of the solar system, stars and constellations.
Children learned how ancient people imagined the sky and Earth, how the first optical instruments were invented to see planets and satellites. Children expanded their knowledge about the Universe, learned interesting myths and legends associated with the ancient ideas about the structure of the world, and also learned about the first animals to fly into space and about the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.
On April 11, for students of grades 6-7, MBOU Secondary School No. 2 was held Gagarin hour “First in space” . Librarians told schoolchildren about K.E. Tsiolkovsky and S.P. Korolev - the founders of astronautics, about how the rocket was built, on which Yu.A. Gagarin flew around the earth, staying in orbit for 108 minutes. Schoolchildren watched with interest a film about the first cosmonaut on the planet and saw a modern 3-D reconstruction of his flight, listened to poems about astronautics and about Gagarin. Finally, a review of books on the topic was made.
April 12 at scientific educational game “To become an astronaut, you need to know a lot” Pupils of the preparatory group of kindergarten No. 27 and students of the Young Technicians Station took part.
The librarian spoke about the profession of an astronaut, how astronauts are delivered to space stations, where astronauts live, etc.
Children learned about the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, heard a TASS report about the launch of a spacecraft with cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin, his famous “Let’s go!”, listened to the song “Know what kind of guy he was.”
And by solving “Space Riddles” and answering the quiz questions, the guys proved that they are ready to fly into space and can be enlisted in the cosmonaut corps.
A total of 71 people took part in the events dedicated to the 55th anniversary of the first manned space flight.
14.04.2016
For Cosmonautics Day in library branch No. 7 issued exhibition “The Wonderful World of Space”, intended for a wide range of readers.
For children, the exhibition presents encyclopedias and popular science publications on astronomy and the history of space exploration, as well as A. Leonov’s book “I’m going into space.” 
Older readers will be interested in reading the biography of Yuri Gagarin and the memories of his relatives and colleagues about him. For those interested in the history of Russian cosmonautics, librarians have prepared a booklet “Dogs in Space,” which tells about the role of animals in scientific research and experiments to prepare humans for space flight.
14th of April V library branch No. 7 spent educational hour “Space adventures” with students of grade 6B of school No. 7 (class teacher G.M. Tyunina).
The presenters recalled that this year marked the 55th anniversary of the first manned flight into space, and the guys told why we celebrate Cosmonautics Day on April 12, who was the first cosmonaut, and when the legendary flight took place.
The librarians invited the children to take a short distance trip into the history of space exploration, remember well-known facts and learn something new for themselves. The children were divided into 2 teams and went on a “space journey”.
1 competition was “Warm-up”, in which the head. library of Dorokhov E.A. I asked the kids space riddles, showing slides of the presentation “Space in Riddles,” and the kids guessed them together. Having completed this task, the participants received a new task - to collect words-answers to definitions from letters (for example: a person who observes the starry sky, photographs it, studies the life of stars and planets - ASTRONOMER).
Then the guys answered questions in the quiz “From the history of knowledge of the Universe,” showed their erudition in the “Astronomical Quiz,” and combined the names and descriptions of the planets in the “Stars and Planets” lotto.
Librarian Grishina G.I. I held a quiz with the students for smart people, “The Cosmodrome Invites,” from which the children learned many interesting facts from the history of Russian cosmonautics: how many dogs have flown into space, what movie astronauts must watch before launch, why a sprig of wormwood is always taken on a flight, and much more.
The trip ended with watching the film “Space in the Pictures of A. Leonov” and books from the exhibition “The Wonderful World of Space”.
Photo report:
In 2016 12th of April the whole world celebrates this memorable date 55th anniversary of the first manned space flight. This is a special day - a day of triumph for science and all those who work in the space industry today!
On April 12, young readers of the Tatar-Burnashevsky rural library made a correspondence trip into outer space “108 minutes in outer space.”
Lyubov Pavlovna told the children that we are all the crew of a beautiful spaceship on planet Earth, the only planet in our solar system on which life exists. The first person in the world to look at the Earth from space was our compatriot Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. He deserved to be first. With his courage, hard work, love for the Motherland, and determination, he proved that human capabilities are inexhaustible.
“Having flown around the Earth in a satellite, I saw how beautiful our planet is. People, let us preserve and increase this beauty, and not destroy it,” writes Yuri Gagarin. During the event, the children also learned the names of the famous cosmonauts of our country V. Tereshkova, A. Leonov and others. They got acquainted with books about space.
A book and illustrative exhibition has been organized in the Russian-Makulov Library« Road to space"
Readers are invited to get acquainted with the history of Russian cosmonautics, with the people who dedicated their lives to it.
“Humanity is destined by fate to step on the surface of asteroids, to lift a stone from the Moon with its hand...” wrote the Russian scientist, founder of rocket science, Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, who lived long before this fantastic event.
The successful flights of the first artificial Earth satellites made it possible to come close to solving an unprecedented, grandiose task - preparing a human flight into space. The organizer and inspirer of the implementation of this task of the century was Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, the founder of practical cosmonautics.
You can learn more about these great scientists and astronaut heroes from the books and postcards offered to the inquisitive reader.
The regional children's library hosted a travel game “To become an astronaut, you need to learn a lot.”
The children happily answered difficult quiz questions and showed their knowledge of astronomy: they remembered the constellations and planets they knew, what asteroids and black holes are, and what the Universe is. Well, if there were difficulties answering a question, the students were interested to learn the correct answer from the librarian.
The story about the first space explorers aroused great interest among the children. They got acquainted with the biographies of the first cosmonaut of planet Earth, Yu.A. Gagarin, the first female cosmonaut V. Tereshkova, the first woman to make a long flight E.V. Kondakova, the first cosmonaut to go into outer space A. Leonov, the second cosmonaut of our planet G. Titov, who spent 25 hours in space. At the end of the event, the children enjoyed watching the cartoon about space “Main Star”.
The head of the Sobolevskaya rural library held a conversation “Man. Universe. Space".
Using materials from the Kazan magazine, the librarian said that on April 12, 1961, the countdown to the space age of mankind began; on this day, the first Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin launched on the Vostok spacecraft. The first cosmonaut on the planet was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and the day of his flight became a national holiday - Cosmonautics Day, not only in our country, but throughout the world.
Readers were also presented with new interesting information about the development of modern space science.
In the reading room of the Verkhneuslonskaya Central Library there is a book exhibition – viewing “Heroes of Star Roads”.
The exhibition presents books and periodicals that introduce readers and library guests to the history of astronautics and the exploration of near-Earth space today, interesting facts from the life of astronauts, their daily work and exploits, the development of space technology, etc.
The starry sky is that incomprehensible mystery that people will always strive for. But they will never forget that it was Yuri Gagarin who first paved the way to the stars.
The Vvedensko-Slobodskaya Library hosted an educational event “Forward to the Stars!”
During the event, the children learned what space is, when the first Soviet artificial Earth satellite was launched, that mice, guinea pigs, and frogs have been in space. And the dogs Belka and Strelka became famous throughout the world.
The children were proud of their country by the fact that the first cosmonaut on Earth was our test pilot, cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin, and today we celebrate the 55th anniversary of his flight into space.
The guys actively answered the questions of the “Space Quiz” and participated in the “Paper Airplanes” competition, as a result of which friendship won. All participants received colorful magazines as a gift from the library.
The Kirov Library is decorated exhibition-review “My Blue Planet”. The exhibition provides information about the first human flight into space.
The section “The first cosmonaut of the planet - Yuri Gagarin” introduces Gagarin’s biography; readers can see illustrations of family photographs of Yuri Alekseevich, learn about his numerous awards received in different countries, and read the cosmonaut’s famous phrases.
In the section of the exhibition “Man in Space!” there is information about people who have escaped into outer space and circled the globe, about the prospects for space exploration: encyclopedias from the series “I am exploring the world. Space", books written by cosmonauts: G. Titov, A. Nikolaev, A. Leonov, K. Feoktistov.
The exhibition is illustrated with drawings from readers and photographs of famous cosmonauts.
On April 12, the Vakhitov Library held an information hour “Forward to the cosmic distances!”
The children listened with interest to the prepared information, which said: about the first manned flight into outer space, about Yuri Gagarin, about the first female cosmonaut V. Tereshkova, etc. The children willingly entered into a discussion on the topic, read poetry, and actively participated in a creative children's drawing competition on a space theme. A book exhibition and a wall newspaper were decorated for the event.
The Kanash Rural Library has organized a book exhibition “The First Citizen of the Universe”.
How did the first human flight into space take place? Why did you choose Gagarin? What kind of a man he was. These and many other questions will be answered by the books presented at the exhibition.
A series of events for World Aviation and Cosmonautics Day was held by the head of the Tatar-Makulovsk rural library, M.V. Khisamova.
For 4th grade students there was a conversation “Human flight into boundless space».
Madinya Vagizovna told schoolchildren how long ago people wanted to know what was there - in heaven. What kind of celestial bodies are these - the Sun, stars, moon, will they fall to the ground? Are there creatures on other planets? And on April 12, 1961, Russian cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin opened the way to heaven for people. The children enjoyed solving riddles, listening to poems and reading books about space.
For 2nd grade students educational hour “Subject Astronomy”.
To easily remember the name of the object, Madinya Vagizovna said that the stars in the sky look like an aster flower, hence it is easy to remember. Translated from English, “astronaut” means “cosmonaut,” that is, a person who studies the galaxy and celestial bodies. The sun is the main planet and it makes all 9 planets of the solar system “dance” near it. The children learned what a person who wants to become an astronaut should be like, got acquainted with new terms on the subject of astronomy - telescope, rocket, satellite, UFO, comet, spacesuit and others. They solved riddles and showed how strong future cosmonauts they are. Then they listened to educational stories that E.P. Levitan wrote for them in his book “Astronomy for Smart Children.”
Head of the Naberezhnye-Morkvash Rural Library I.R. Prokhorova gave an informational lesson - a presentation “The road to space begins on Earth.”
In the Matyushinsky rural library for students in grades 2-4 An educational event “Across the Expanses of Space” took place
The children listened with great interest to the history of human exploration of outer space, answered questions, solved puzzles and crosswords. At the end of the event, students drew drawings on the theme “The Magic World of Space.”
The book exhibition “Heavenly Man”, dedicated to the 55th anniversary of the first man’s flight into space, has opened at the Yambulatov Library.
The books presented at the exhibition tell about the pioneers of outer space, about the heroes - cosmonauts conquering the vastness of the Universe, about the history of the space industry.
The flight of Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin made the hypothesis about the possibility of practical human activity in space a reality.
Readers are invited to read the books “Sons of the Blue Planet” and the memoirs of Anna Timofeevna Gagarina “Memory of the Heart.
Literary festival “Pioneers. Aviation and Space" was organized for pupils of the kindergarten "Solnyshko"
Young library readers plunged into the world of unknown expanses of Space. They listened with great interest to the story that the first dogs to fly into space were Belka and Strelka. Then people set off into the unknown depths of space, and the first cosmonaut of the Earth, Yu.A. Gagarin opened the path to the stars for humanity.
The children listened attentively about Russian cosmonauts V. Tereshkova, G. Titov and others, and looked at their photographs with interest. We learned that astronauts are very strong and resilient people, played the “Fast and Strong” relay race, the “Complete the Word” game, and guessed riddles about space.
The book exhibition “The First Cosmonaut of the Planet” is presented to the attention of readers of the Maidan Rural Library
