Components of the door unit: leaf, frame box, fittings.
Entrance plastic doors have a U-shaped welded PVC frame with an aluminum (low) threshold. Balcony doors are framed around the perimeter.
Single-leaf doors (left / right-hand execution), double-leaf doors (with a sash or non-mullioned porch, including canvases of different widths), with a vertical impost, adjacent blind or translucent frame filling - in accordance with GOST 30970 "Door blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles" are produced.
According to the design options, door blocks are divided into:
Door blocks are divided into internal and external.
Marking:
According to the types of filling, door blocks are divided into:
The catalog contains prices for popular standard models of PVC doors.
To order, products are made for a specific opening. To find out how much a door will cost according to its size - use: online PVC door calculator.
The calculation of the cost of a plastic door according to individual sizes is made by the manager. Fittings, handles and locks that are not included in the basic package can be added. Doors are made to order with various opening options: pivoting, sash double-leaf, sliding, tilt-sliding.
Shtulp street doors made of PVC profile have traditional control and allow for unhindered passage to the entire width of the opening - the shtulp opens from one of the wings.
Shtulp - an additional element of the sash, with a latch. Shtulp is attached to one of the wings of a double-leaf door. In the fixed position, the sash is motionless. If necessary, the sash latch is unlocked and both doors of the opening open.
You can pick up and buy a plastic sash door in the section double doors.
The standard door color is white. To order, the PVC door profile can have a color other than white, imitate wood: oak, pine, walnut.
In Moscow, you can order doors at the company's office and at home/object by inviting an on-site manager.
In another region
To order metal-plastic doors at the catalog price in the Moscow region or with delivery to another region - use the basket / use the "buy in one click" form on the site. To order the production of a door according to your size - specify the parameters in the comments. Upon receipt of the application, the manager will contact you to clarify the details of the order and issue an invoice for payment.
Prices in the catalog for standard plastic doors are presented without the cost of installation and delivery. Delivery is carried out by transport of the Business-M company in Moscow and the region. In other regions - cargo delivery service. Delivery of windows and doors
Our company presents ready-made doors with fittings, that is, one single door block, in which everything is thought out to the smallest detail. You just have to insert the door block into the opening, wedge it and fix it with mounting foam. Anyone can do it, the installation of a finished door takes about 20 minutes. In any case, qualifications and experience are not needed, and the result will be only one - 100% installation quality of the finished door block.
The door leaf with a magnetic lock insert, the hinges are screwed to the box, the box is assembled, everything is stabbed and drilled. The door block is packed in one single package, it includes a box with a seal with a striker and hinges installed, a door leaf with a magnetic lock installed, hinges screwed and connected to the box, a set of wedges, flashing strips on all sides, instructions and a matrix for quick installation pens.
STEEL DOOR BLOCKS
Specifications
INTERSTATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COMMISSION
ON STANDARDIZATION, TECHNICAL REGULATION
AND CERTIFICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION (MNTKS)
Moscow
Foreword
The Eurasian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (EASC) is a regional association of national standardization bodies of the states that are members of the Commonwealth of Independent States. In the future, it is possible that national bodies for standardization of other states will join the EASC
The Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (MNTKS) operates under the EASC, which has the right to adopt interstate standards in the field of construction
The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established by GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions” and MSN 1.01-01-96 “System of interstate regulatory documents in construction. Basic Provisions»
About the standard
1 DEVELOPED by the Center for Certification of Window and Door Equipment and the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Design and Technological Bureau (FSUE TsPKTB of the Gosstroy of Russia) with the participation of the Academy of Security and Law and Abloy Oy, Bjerkboda Plant, Finland
2 INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia
3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (ISTCS) on May 14, 2003
|
Short name of the country according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 |
Country code according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 |
Abbreviated name of the state construction management body |
|
Ministry of Urban Development of the Republic of Armenia |
||
|
Kazakhstan |
Kazstroykomitet of the Republic of Kazakhstan |
|
|
Kyrgyzstan |
State Commission for Architecture and Construction under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic |
|
|
Ministry of Ecology, Construction and Territorial Development of the Republic of Moldova |
||
|
the Russian Federation |
Gosstroy of Russia |
|
|
Tajikistan |
Komarchstroy of the Republic of Tajikistan |
|
|
Uzbekistan |
Gosarchitektstroy of the Republic of Uzbekistan |
4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
5 Entered into force on March 1, 2004 as the state standard of the Russian Federation by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated June 20, 2003 No. 76
Information about the entry into force (termination) of this standard and changes to it in the territory of the above states is published in the indexes of national (state) standards published in these states.
Information about changes to this standard is published in the index (catalog) "Interstate standards", and the text of the changes - in the information indexes "Interstate standards". In case of revision or cancellation of this standard, the relevant information will be published in the information index "Interstate Standards".
INTERSTATE STANDARD
STEEL DOOR BLOCKS
Technicalterms
Steel doors Specifications
Date of introduction - 2004-03-01
This standard applies to steel door blocks with installed locking devices (hereinafter referred to as door blocks or products) for buildings and structures for various purposes.
The standard does not apply to door blocks for special purposes in terms of additional requirements for fire safety, explosion and bullet resistance, exposure to aggressive environments, etc., as well as to door blocks of protective cabins according to the current regulatory documentation.
The scope of specific types of products is established depending on the operating conditions in accordance with the current building codes and regulations, taking into account the requirements of this standard.
The standard can be applied for certification purposes.
This document makes reference to the following standards:
1 - upper locking crossbar; 2 - upper link of the main lock; 3 - web frame (welded steel profiles); 4 - places for attaching the internal "hatch"; 5 - valve; 6 - the place of attachment of the upper link; 7 - crossbar of the deadbolt of the lever lock; 8 - latch; 9 - deadbolt of the cylinder lock; 10 - lower link of the main lock; 11 - places for fastening the finish; 12 - internal cavity for filler; 13 - vertical thrust guide; 14 - lower locking crossbar; 15 - mounting "eye"; 16 - threshold; 17 - hole for anti-removable crossbar (pin); 18 - anti-removable passive crossbar (pin); 19 - mounting anchor; 20 - box (frame); 21 - combined lever-cylinder lock; 22 - inner steel sheet; 23 - outer steel sheet; 24 - loop knot; 25 - peephole
Picture 1 - An example of the design of a door unit, the leaf of which is welded from two steel sheets and steel profiles, the frame (frame) is made of a bent steel profile
Door leaf with two steel sheets, steel box profiles and honeycomb core
Door leaf with an outer steel sheet and an inner sheet of fiberboard, with profiles of complex cross-section and filling with wood or mineral insulation
Door leaf of "bent box" type, with U-shaped steel profiles and foam filling
Door leaf with steel outer sheet and fiberboard inner sheet, steel angle profiles with timber bars and foam core
Figure 2 - Examples of door leaf designs
Figure 3 - An example of the design of a door block welded from steel sheets and profiles (with filling the middle profile of the frame and leaf with wood and foam material)
Figure 4 - An example of the construction of a door block welded from steel sheets and profiles, with natural wood cladding
Figure 5 - An example of the design of a double-leaf door unit with a cladding made of wood or wood-based materials (horizontal section)
Figure 6 - Examples of door leaf designs welded from two flat steel sheets and steel profiles (a) and a bent box type door leaf (b) with vertical reinforcing profiles
5.4.1 Materials and components used for the manufacture of door blocks must comply with the requirements of standards, specifications, technical certificates approved in the prescribed manner.
5.4.2 Materials and components used for the manufacture of door blocks must be resistant to climatic influences.
5.4.3 The surfaces of steel elements of boxes and sheets should not have cracks, mechanical damage, pits, distortions, rust. On the front surfaces of steel elements, slight local depressions, risks, waviness up to 0.5 mm deep are allowed, which do not reduce the functional properties and quality of products.
5.4.4 Steel parts of structures should be made of steel grades that ensure the strength characteristics of structural elements, welded, bolted and other connections, depending on the nature and conditions of their work.
Steel elements are recommended to be made from steel grade not lower than StZkp2 according to GOST 380, rolled section according to GOST 1050 or high-alloy steel according to GOST 5632.
5.4.5 Sealing gaskets must be made of weather- and frost-resistant elastic polymer materials in accordance with GOST 30778.
The fit of the sealing gaskets must be tight, preventing the penetration of water. Sealing gaskets must be installed continuously around the entire perimeter of the porch.
5.4.6 Glued wooden cladding panels must meet the requirements of GOST 30972, profile molded wooden parts - GOST 8242.
5.5.1 In the manufacture of products, locking and auxiliary devices and hinges are used, specially designed for use in metal door blocks. Examples of designs of hinges and locks are given in the appendix.
The type, number, location and method of fastening of locking devices and hinges are set in the working documentation based on the size and weight of the opening elements of the product, as well as the operating conditions of the door blocks. Cloths of door blocks weighing more than 200 kg, as well as products used in public buildings (schools, hospitals, etc.), are recommended to be hung on three hinges. The recommended location of the middle hinge is 150 - 200 mm below the top one.
5.5.2 For hanging canvases on a box (frame), it is recommended to use overhead bearing or other hinges with the ability to adjust in different planes.
5.5.3 Locks of at least class III according to GOST 5089 . Locks must comply with the requirements of GOST 538 and GOST 5089 .
To improve the protective properties of door blocks, it is recommended to use multi-bolt locks with locking along the perimeter of the door block or locks with rods with additional locking in the upper and lower horizontal frame profiles.
To avoid clogging of the hole for the lower vertical bolt included in the bottom profile of the box, it is recommended to use deviators.
5.5.4 Depending on the purpose of the door blocks in the project documentation, as well as when placing orders, it is necessary to provide for the complete set of products with latches, door closers (closers), opening angle limiters (stops), eyes, chains, etc.
Once every two years
Reliability
Ergonomic Compliance
Reduced resistance heat transfer
Once every five years
Breathability
Soundproofing
* Test type I - acceptance tests during acceptance control; test type II - acceptance tests conducted by the quality service of the manufacturer; test type III - periodic tests carried out in independent test centers.
** Controlled nominal dimensions for test type II are set in the technological documentation.
6.5 Each batch of products undergoes control acceptance tests conducted by the quality service of the manufacturer. The list of controlled indicators and the frequency of control are given in the table.
To conduct tests, samples of door blocks are taken from a batch of products by random selection in the amount of 3% of the batch volume, but not less than 3 pcs. If there are less than 3 products in a batch, each product is subjected to control.
In the event of a negative test result for at least one indicator on at least one sample, a re-check of the quality of products is carried out on a double number of samples for the indicator that had a negative test result.
If a discrepancy between the indicator and the established requirements is detected again, at least on one sample, the control and subsequent batches of products are subjected to continuous control (sorting). With a positive result of continuous control, they return to the established procedure for acceptance tests.
6.6 Periodic tests according to the performance indicators specified in - are carried out when putting into production or when making changes to the design of products or the technology of their manufacture, but at least once in the period specified in the table, as well as during product certification. In justified cases, it is allowed to combine periodic and certification tests.
Qualification tests of products are carried out for all indicators when putting products into production.
Tests are carried out in test centers accredited for the right to conduct them.
Tests to determine the reduced resistance to heat transfer, air permeability, sound insulation are subjected to structures designed to withstand these loads according to their field of application.
6.7 The consumer has the right to conduct a quality control check of products, while observing the sampling procedure and test methods specified in this standard.
When accepting products by the consumer, a batch is considered to be the number of products shipped for a specific order, but not more than 90 pieces, drawn up with one quality document.
Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of product elements, the difference in the lengths of the diagonals and other dimensions are determined using a metal measuring tape according to GOST 7502, calipers according to GOST 166, probes according to ND.
The maximum deviations from the straightness of the edges are determined by applying a calibration ruler in accordance with GOST 8026 or a building level with a flatness tolerance of at least the 9th degree of accuracy in accordance with GOST 9416 to the tested part and measuring the largest gap using probes according to ND.
7.2.2 Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of the gaps under the overlay are checked using a set of probes or a ruler in accordance with GOST 427.
7.2.3 The sag in the mating of adjacent parts lying in the same plane is determined with a probe as the distance from the edge of the ruler according to GOST 427, applied to the upper mating surface, to the lower surface.
7.2.4 Appearance, quality of welds, color and quality of finishing of products are evaluated visually by comparison with standard samples approved in the prescribed manner. Surface defects visible to the naked eye from a distance of 1.5 m in natural light of at least 300 lux are not allowed.
7.2.5 Adhesion (strength of adhesion of paint and varnish coatings to the metal surface) is determined by the method of lattice cuts according to GOST 15140 .
8.1 Packaging of products must ensure their safety during storage, handling and transportation.
8.2 Devices or parts of devices that are not installed on the products must be packed in polyethylene film in accordance with GOST 10354 or in other packaging material that ensures their safety, tightly tied and delivered complete with products.
8.3 Opening webs of products before packaging and transportation must be closed on all locking devices.
8.4 Products are transported by all means of transport in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.
8.5 During storage and transportation of products, they must be protected from mechanical damage and exposure to precipitation.
8.6 When storing and transporting products, it is recommended to install gaskets made of elastic materials between products.
8.7 Products are stored in a vertical or horizontal position on wooden linings, pallets or in special containers in covered areas.
8.8 Warranty period of storage of products - 1 year from the date of shipment of products by the manufacturer.
9.1 The manufacturer guarantees the compliance of products with the requirements of this standard, provided that the consumer complies with the rules for transportation, storage, installation, operation, as well as the scope established in the regulatory and project documentation.
9.2 In agreement with the consumer (customer), the manufacturer provides service, including emergency opening of doors in case of loss or breakage of keys, advice on the use and operation of door devices and locking mechanisms, and repair of products.
9.3 The warranty period for door blocks is set in the supply contract, but not less than three years from the date of shipment of the products by the manufacturer.
but -right opening door block; b - left opening door block; in - right opening door unit with horizontal and vertical leaf inserts
(reference)
An example of determining the strength class of a door unit
Figure D.1 -Deflection curve Δf, mm, web free angle from the applied load R, kN, when testing door blocks for resistance to static load acting perpendicular to the leaf plane in the area of the free corner
An example of filling out a door block passport
|
___________________________________________________ |
|
(name of manufacturer) |
|
__________________________________________________________________ |
|
(address, phone, fax of the manufacturer) |
|
The passport(quality document) |
|
a) design - single-floor, right-hand execution, with a threshold, opening inwards; |
|
b) overall dimensions - height 2300 mm, width 970 mm. |
|
Symbol DSN PPVn 3-2-3 M2 U 2300-900-60 GOST 31173-2003 |
|
Certificate of conformity ____________________________ |
|
(certificate number) |
|
Completeness |
|
a) type of finishing of the canvas - combined (milled MDF board; vinyl artificial leather); |
|
b) door hinges - two overhead bearing hinges; |
|
c) locking devices - a lever lock and a lock with a cylinder mechanism; |
|
d) the number of contours of sealing gaskets - 2 circuits; |
|
e) additional information. The delivery set of the product includes: closer (closing regulator), door stop (opening limiter), instruction manual. |
|
Main technical characteristics confirmed by tests |
|
The reduced resistance to heat transfer is 0.65 m 2 · ° C / W. Air permeability at Δ P0 \u003d 100 Pa - 15 m 3 / (h m 2). Sound insulation - 22 dB. |
|
Reliability, opening - closing cycles - 500,000. Mechanical characteristics class - M 2. |
|
Warranty period - 3 years. |
|
Batch number - 89. |
|
Order number / position in the order - 17/9. |
|
Quality Control Receiver._________________ Date of manufacture "___" ____________200__. |
|
(signature) |
Annex E
General requirements for the installation of products
E.1 The requirements for the installation of products are established in the design documentation for construction sites, taking into account the design options adopted in the project for the junctions of products adjoining walls, designed for specified climatic and other loads.
E.2 Installation of products should be carried out by specialized construction companies or specially trained teams of the manufacturer. Completion of installation work must be confirmed by an acceptance certificate, which includes the manufacturer's warranty obligations.
E.3 At the request of the consumer (customer), the manufacturer (supplier) of products must provide him with standard instructions for the installation of door blocks, approved by the head of the manufacturer and containing:
drawings (diagrams) of standard mounting junctions;
list of materials used (taking into account their compatibility and temperature regimes of application);
the sequence of technological operations for the installation of door blocks.
E.4 In the design and execution of junction nodes, the following conditions must be met:
sealing of mounting gaps between products and slopes of openings of wall structures should be tight, tight around the entire perimeter of the door block, designed to withstand climatic loads from the outside and operating conditions inside the premises;
the design of the junction points of external products (including the location of the door block along the depth of the opening) should prevent the formation of cold bridges (thermal bridges) as much as possible, leading to the formation of condensate on the internal surfaces of doorways;
the operational characteristics of the structures of the junction points must meet the requirements established in building codes.
The version of the mounting assembly of the internal door unit is shown in the figure
1 - box (frame) of the door block; 2 - polyurethane foam; 3 - outer seal; 4 - leaf of the door block; 5 - inner seal; 6 - decorative frame portal; 7 - casing; 8 - mounting anchor; 9 - mounting ear; 10 - wall
(reference)
Information about the developers of the standard
This standard has been developed by a working group of specialists consisting of:
Vlasova T.V., TsS ODT (head);
Mogutov A.V., NIISF RAASN;
Voronkova L.V., Federal State Unitary Enterprise TsPKTB Gosstroy of Russia;
Shvedov D.N., TsS ODT;
Savchenko I.F., TsS ODT;
Savenkov A.V., ANOO Academy "Security and Law";
Petrov E.V., Association "Derzhava";
G. Engblom, Abloy Oy, Bjerkboda plant, Finland;
Gavrilov V.I., CJSC NPVF "Class";
Naan G.G., LLC BIT "Soyuz";
Vlasov A.A., Metal Geometry LLC;
Teplyakov N.N., Voronin V.M., NPP Modul LLC;
Leibman A.A., Leibman G.A., Le-Grand LLC;
Fatykhov Kh.T., Olenev V.T., Guardian Company;
Hitkov V.Yu., Malovichko V.V., Sonex LLC;
Savic B . C., FGUP CNS;
Shvedov N.V., Gosstroy of Russia.
Keywords: door blocks, door leaf, frame, steel sheet
Introduction
Door blocks in an individual residential building are divided on:
Door block:
Basic requirements for outdoorny door blocks for installation in individualdual residential building - strength and highthermal characteristics. Majoritydevelopers prefer outdoordoors - insulated metal in the "deephome "execution, and internal - woodenor PVC, single or double leaf.
The table below shows the main sizes of the two ray.
Some types of doors for an individual residential building
Important characteristics of doors - noise reductionprotection, thermal protection and durability. Provide themconstructive elements: box, doorcanvas, fittings (hinges, handle and lock),threshold and platbands.
Elements of the door block
Benefits of wooden exterior doors(rice. but) - environmental friendliness, aesthetics and malight weight. Disadvantages - low heat-shieldingproperties and exposure to externalaggressive environment. Such doors requireyannogo care (painting, polishing); According tomany developers, they are less durable than metal.
Metal exterior doors (Fig. b) - the most common type of entrance todaystructures in private construction. They're upquite strong, as they have a metalframe; can be well insulated; do not requireextra care thanks to high qualitynatural paintwork, resistantto external aggressive environment.
Entrance doors:
Interroom wooden doors (rice. but) made of solid wood or studdedtray, and when installed indoorsyah at home they are fully capable of providingcomfortable soundproofing.
MDF doors(rice. b) less environmentally friendly,than wooden ones. But they are not destructible.insects and fungi, although they knowsignificantly lower noise protection characteristics.As a rule, such doors are faced with veneer.or laminate, which significantly reduces the costdesign bridge compared to similarfrom an array. With good external qualitiesa significant drawback is the fear of moisture. In wetrooms (bathrooms, baths, saunas)individual residential building doors made of MDF withchange is not recommended.
When installing in the interior of the housepvc doors (rice. in) bothcomfortable sound insulation is sintered. But theiruse greatly reduces the naturalventilation, as they usually have a raftnye abutments and do not let air through. osnew advantages - durability, ease of maintenanceand durability.
Interior doors from:
Frame doors are made with claddingfrom laminate or veneer on wood or methallus frame (Fig. a,b). Internalcavities are filled with corrugated cardboard orinsulation, plywood is mounted on the frame orhardboard. Frame wooden doors are consideredthe cheapest.
Door designs with a frame made of:
There are many implementation optionsdoors. The right designwill allow you to maintain the interior in the desired style.
Door design options
Installation block doorways all types - quite difficultcapacious process, but many developersal residential buildings cope with this taskon one's own. What is remarkable: the more difficultdoor design, the easier the installation technologyki. For example, to install sliding, warehousepuffy and similar doors are enoughinstall the supporting frame and align the verticaldesigns. Installation of the simplest designdoors - hinged - we will consider in more detail.
The installation of the door block is recommendedto sing before the finishing worktami. To begin with, you need to decide ondoor burr, box design (with thresholdor without), check the verticality of the walls in placelocation and specify the dimensions of the doorema - there must be a gap between the door frameand wall (about 10–15 mm).
Then you need to prepare a profiledtimber under the door leaf (Fig. but), Consideringone of three ways to gusset it:
Door frame device:
Following the third method, since iteven a novice in this business twists, and after completingappropriate measurements of the door leaf,cut racks. For box designwith a threshold it is necessary to providetop and bottom clearance no more than 5 mm between the edgesdoor leaf and grooves of the crossbar and threshold.That is, you should cut the beam 10 mm moredoor leaf length. For box without poroha it is necessary to provide a gap from abovenot more than 5 mm and from the bottom of the floor not less than 10 mm. That is, the rack must exceed the length by 15 mmdoor leaf.
Gaps on the sides (for a box with or without a threshold)set the same - no more than 5 mm. For thiscrossbar and threshold are cut 10 mm longerthe width of the door frame, taking into account the thicknesstimber of both racks - 50 mm. OtherIn other words, the crossbar (K) should be equal to:
K = B + 2h + 2b,
where B is the width of the door leaf, mm;
h - gaps on the sides, 5 mm;
b - thickness of two racks, 50 mm.
Next, at the ends of the racks, a cutout for the groove is marked,accurately measuring the convex part (shelfki) crossbar and threshold (Fig. but). By thismarkup carefully cut out the necessaryrecess (Fig. b). Then, building themprovisioned workbench of four stoolsthe same height at the corners of the future doorboxes, connect the ends of the racks to the thresholdand the crossbar, while the groove is combined with the shelfwhich is fixed on the screws. If the threshold is notconsidered (Fig. G), then the lower ends of the racks are temporarily fixed on the rail in compliance withappropriate width of the door leaf and forgaps on the sides. The box is ready.
Door frame assembly:
After that place the door inside the box and youequalize the gaps at the edges (Fig. but). Thenapply awnings, door lock and acceptbar at the place of their installation (Fig. b) to determine their location (Fig. in). For a mortise lock on the door leaf markthe position of the box locking mechanism and fixicutting bar. Location of door hinges(canopies) are laid at a distance of 15–20 cmfrom the edges, and mortise locks - 85–95 cm from the floor.
Marking the door leaf and box for the installation of canopies and a mortise lock:
The choice of lock depends on the purpose of the room.In interior rooms, they are used mainlynom so-called latch locks (Fig. but), designed to hold the door closedcondition. outdoors, includingand those where you need to restrict access (onfor example, furnace), locks with a locking device that are more difficult to install are usedand keys (Fig. b).
Some types of mortise locks:
As for door hinges (canopies), the modernThe changing industry offers manyvariants of their execution, distinguished by constructure, installation methods, degree of strength and appearance.
For entrance doors and heavy doorsnyh canvases it is better to choose overhead awnings(rice. but), for light interior - loops-butterflies (Fig. b). Overhead canopies in the layerin female form have a thickness of 6–8 mm, thereforeduring installation, they must be deepened into the enddoor leaf. Butterfly loops are thickwell, about 3 mm, they are easily fixed in placeand do not require cutting.
Some types of door hinges:
After choosing door hinges (canopies) and mortiselocks, you can proceed to their installation. FirstIn fact, it is necessary to install the door leaf on the edge (Fig. but) and transfer the previously made markupku from the front side to the end of the door usingsquare (Fig. b). Between two linesmarkings apply a canopy (Fig. in) and an essaychime its longitudinal side (Fig. G). Having thus determined the landing site of the canopy,it is deepened to the thickness of the petal (Fig. d). To do this, you can use a chisel ormanual electric cutter. At the end of thisstages fix the hinges to the door leaf shurupees (Fig. e).
Canopy installation sequence:
Next, the door leaf is installed on the oppositedown rib (Fig. but) and proceed to montazhu mortise lock. The markup you didearlier, transferred with a square(rice. b) and determine the axial (centralnuyu) line (Fig. in). Then apply contoursfixing plate, as well as the body of the lockingth mechanism, leaving allowances of 2-3 mm with eachsides (Fig. G). According to the markup, they prepare a nestunder the body of the locking mechanism and a recess under the landing zone of the locking bar (Fig. d). Further, holes are drilled on the sides of the canvasfor door handles, key holder and tiescrews in the respective areas and assemblelock at the place of the tie-in (Fig. e). Similarlatch-locks are cut in this way.
The sequence of inserting the door lock:
In conclusion, it remains to arrange for the latch and forporn tongue entrances in a box. Forthis, a receiving bar is applied in placeinstallation, then mark the necessary nichesand deepen them. After fixing the bar and, racesputting the door leaf in the open positionnii in relation to the box (Fig. but), windowscarefully fix the canopies to the jamb beforemarked marks (Fig. b).
Work on the latch and locking tongue of the door leaf in the box:
The door is closed and the accuracy is checked againfilling gaps between the canvas and the boxwhich, as well as the quality of the mortise lock whenopening (closing). If necessary,perform adjustment of attachments. After that, on the upper corners and lower sidesthe door frame is stuffed with slats (Fig. but), without fear of damaging the front of the jamb -subsequently it will be closed by platbands. Suchprocedure will protect the skew of the box during thetanovki and will facilitate the installation of the door flushwith wall surfaces. If a door is built ina box without a threshold, first fix the rails,then remove the temporary bar attachedto the bottom of the racks (Fig. b).
Preparing the assembled door for installation in the doorway:
To install the door flush on the plasterwalls, it is necessary to insert the box andtray into the opening and press the protruding ends of the railsto the wall. After that you need to checkhorizontal and vertical arrangementdoor frame. If there are distortions, for examplemeasures horizontally, it is necessary to substitute the covens underone of the racks (if the door is without a threshold) or sidesthreshold until complete alignment (Fig. but). If the vertical is not maintained, then levelcobs between the ends of the rails and the wall. I.eto tilt the door forward, substitutingyut covens under the upper slats, so that back - underends of the lower rail (Fig. b).
Installing the door in the opening:
By setting the correct position of the door, rackthe door frame is fixed to the wall with anyfoot way. After that, remove all the railsand proceed to eliminate the gaps between the doorbox and opening (Fig. but). Fill firsteliminate voids between the box and the wall installationfoam (Fig. b). Then after dryingfoam and trim its excess from the front side towear a plaster mortar, and from the back - a deviceopen the door slope (Fig. in). Thereafteryou can start finishing, on the windowswhich are stuffed with platbands (Fig. G).
Preparing the door perimeter for finishing:
The door structure of a hinged door consists of a box, which is fixed in the wall opening and a blank or glazed leaf, hung on the box. A box with a hanging leaf forms a door unit.
Entrance house doors. Doors leading from the room to the street protect the interior from various atmospheric influences; they themselves must be protected from hacking and have an attractive appearance. It is most rational to place external doors on the side opposite to the direction of the prevailing winds; thus, hit of jets of slanting rain on a door will be minimized. In a different arrangement, it will often be necessary to restore the color and repair the outer door. In addition, in this case, in the lower part of the door block, it is necessary to provide special measures against the leakage of rainwater during strong winds or to protect the entrance doors with the help of canopies, visors or vestibules. Tambours are rooms that serve as a buffer zone between outdoor and indoor air. Thanks to the vestibule in winter, cold air cannot directly penetrate into the apartment, and warm air cannot go outside. Tambours, therefore, perform a heat-shielding function. They are also often a place where dirt and moisture remain and do not penetrate further into the house or apartment.
It is often necessary to ensure high heat-shielding properties of the interior, in which case the entrance doors are thermally insulated, and to increase the sound-proofing properties, the door leaf is backfilled with heavy bulk materials, such as sand or lead shot.
Double-skinned doors consist of two layers sewn together with nails or glued boards. Double skin can also be at the paneled door. The quarters are formed by a recess in the double skin.
Paneled doors (doors of the strapping structure) consist of a strapping and a panel. Panels made of glass or wood can be installed in the grooves of the strapping, be floating or closed with a glazing bead.
The strapping elements are connected into a spike and a groove, wedged and glued together. With a strapping thickness of more than 50 mm, the corners are connected with a double spike. There is also a connection at an acute angle into a small spike.
The doorway is blocked from above by a jumper, which transfers the load from the overlying structures to the piers. The size of the doorway should be slightly larger than the door frame. It is desirable that between the box and the wall there is a gap of at least 2 cm wide, which can be used for laying heat-insulating material.
The door frame is a frame made of bars with folds, which are fixed with steel plates or with expansion dowels. For doors with heavy leafs, anchors embedded in the masonry should be used.
For a door frame with a threshold in the floor, two embedded parts are used. If the width of the door leaf exceeds 1250 mm, the frame is additionally fixed in the middle of the upper horizontal bar. On the sides it is fastened with dowels, and at the top and in the threshold - with screws. Thin wooden planks are placed at the attachment points so that there are no voids between the wall and the box and it stands straight. Countersinks are made under the heads of nails and screws (recesses made with a countersink - a drill-spear, a triangular spatula - for sinking the heads of nails, screws, screws). Then these places are puttied.
Hanging the door leaf and checking the accuracy of the fit (if the leaf touches the lower bars of the box when opening, it is lifted or planed from below).
Checking the tightness of the door porch and the operation of the lock. Fastening the side of the box where the lock is embedded with two nails and a secondary check of the accuracy of fitting the canvas to the box.
Doors are usually attached at three points in height to the vertical bars of the frame. Attachment points are located as far as possible at a height convenient for work. For doors of standard height, the extreme attachment points are usually removed approximately 30 cm from the top bar of the frame and 25 cm from the threshold.
Boxes are aligned and secured with wedges; then they are connected to the embedded part installed in the masonry. If steel plates are used, then first they are attached to the box, and after installing the box in the opening, the other end of the plates is attached to the wall with nails or dowels. In two or three places along the height of the box, small holes are arranged through which cement mortar is injected into the gap. To prevent the vertical bars of the box from bending inside the opening when the solution is injected and hardened, they are temporarily unfastened with a special spacer or an ordinary board.
Cloths of external entrance doors are hung in boxes on hinges with non-removable rods, on spring hinges that allow door leaves to be opened in both directions, or mounted on thrust bearings.
Apartment doors, i.e. doors separating the premises of the apartments from the stairwell or lobby, must be burglar-proof, soundproof and keep warm inside the apartment. The sound insulation capacity must be certified by a test certificate from an authoritative government agency. The degree of sound insulation of the door is largely determined by its weight, as well as the properties of the material filling the interior space.
