The water lily - a charming and delicate white water lily - is nothing other than the famous fairy-tale overpowering grass. Rumor ascribes magical properties to it. She was endowed with the properties of protecting people, she could give strength to overcome the enemy, protect them from troubles and misfortunes, but she could also destroy the one who sought her with unclean thoughts.
The Slavs believed that the water lily was able to protect people from various troubles while traveling. Going on a long journey, people sewed water lily leaves and flowers into small amulet bags, carried them with them as an amulet and firmly believed that this would bring them good luck and protect them from misfortunes. 
There was also a kind of spell for this occasion: “I am driving in an open field, and in an open field the grass grows. I did not give birth to you, I did not water you. Mother earth gave birth to you, simple-haired girls and women who rolled cigarettes watered you. Conquer the grass! Conquer the evil people: they would not think evil of me, they would not think anything bad; drive away the tell-tale sorcerer. 
Overcome the grass! Overcome high mountains, low valleys, blue lakes, steep banks, dark forests, stumps and logs. I will hide you, overpowering grass, near a zealous heart along the entire path and along the entire path!”
Common names: grass grass or white grass, balabolka, floating fish, mermaid flower or mermaid color, water poppy or water poppy, bliskalka, beaver, white hens, water companion, water color, white water lily.
The water lily is beautiful! This is one of the most beautiful plants. Since ancient times, the white water lily has been considered a symbol of beauty, purity and mercy. These large flowers with a golden mean grow in quiet reservoirs of our rivers and lakes. The water lily nymph is also called the “child of the sun”: its beautiful flowers open in the morning and close at dusk. 
"The blue lotus, or blue water lily (lat. Nymphaea caerulea) is an aquatic plant of the water lily family, a species of the genus Water Lily growing in East Africa (from the Nile Valley to the extreme south of the continent), India and Thailand."
There are many legends about the origin of this wonderful plant. They say that it got its name in honor of the nymphs that live, like these plants, in water. As is known from Greek mythology, nymphs are deities of nature: forests, mountains, lakes, rivers and seas. It's no surprise that the flowers named after them are beautiful. In Slavic fairy tales, the idea of water lilies is associated with the mysterious image of a mermaid. 
Scandinavian legends say that each water lily has its own friend - an elf, who is born with it and dies with it. According to popular beliefs, nymphs live in its flowers and leaves along with little elves. Leaves and flowers serve as boats for these little elves.
The corollas of flowers serve as both a home and a bell for the elves. 
During the day, the elves sleep in the depths of the flower, and at night they swing the pestle and ring the bell, calling their brothers to a quiet conversation. Some of them sit in a circle on a leaf, dangling their legs in the water, while others prefer to talk, swaying in the corollas of water lilies. 
When they get together, they sit in the capsules and row, row with oars, and the capsules then serve as boats or boats for them. The elves' conversations take place at a late hour, when everything on the lake has calmed down and fallen into deep sleep. 
Lake elves live in underwater crystal palaces built from shells. Pearls, yachts, silver and corals sparkle around the palaces. Emerald streams roll along the bottom of the lake, strewn with multi-colored pebbles, and waterfalls cascade onto the roofs of the palaces. The sun shines through the water into these dwellings, and the moon and stars call the elves to the shore. 
Switzerland, Goldfish and Lily
The ancient Greek legend about the water lily tells how a beautiful white nymph, inflamed with love for Hercules and did not receive a response from him, turned into a white water lily out of grief and love for him.
In Ancient Greece, the flower was considered a symbol of beauty and eloquence. Young girls wove garlands from them, decorated their heads and tunics with them; they even wove a wreath of water lilies for the beautiful Helen on the day of her wedding with King Menelaus and decorated the entrance to their bedroom with a wreath. 
The legend of the North American Indians says that the water lily appeared during the collision of the Polar and Evening Stars, from their sparks. These two stars argued among themselves who would get the arrow that the great Indian chief shot into the sky and collided in flight. 
According to North German belief, water lilies grew on the site of two dead mermaids who were killed by an evil nix (a mermaid in ancient German mythology) who lived in the lake.
In Germany they said that once a little mermaid fell in love with a knight, but he did not reciprocate her feelings. Out of grief, the nymph turned into a water lily. 
"Karelian Nymphea"
According to another legend, water lilies are the children of the beautiful countess, carried away into the mud by the king of the swamp. The grief-stricken countess went to the shore of the swamp every day. One day she saw a marvelous white flower, the petals of which resembled the complexion of her daughter, and the stamens resembled her golden hair. 
There is a belief that nymphs (mermaids) take refuge in the flowers and leaves of water lilies, and at midnight they begin to dance in circles and carry away people passing by the lake. If someone managed to somehow escape from them, then grief would dry him up. 
In the distant past, the entire coastal strip of Italy, from Pisa to Naples, was occupied by swamps. There the legend of the beautiful Melinda and the swamp king was born. The legend is that the water lilies are the children of the beautiful blond Countess Melinda and the ugly, scary swamp king who kidnapped her. Once upon a time, there lived a beautiful Melinda. 
on Yandex.Photos
And the swamp king was watching her all the time. The king's eyes twinkled when he looked at the beautiful girl, and although he was scary as hell, he nevertheless became Melinda's husband, and the yellow water lily helped him get the beauty - the closest relative of the white water lily, which has long personified betrayal and deceit.
Walking with her friends near a swampy lake, Melinda admired the golden floating flowers, reached for one of them, stepped on a coastal stump in which the ruler of the bog was hiding, and he carried the girl to the bottom. 
""scarlet flower"-2"
At the site of her death, snow-white flowers with a yellow core emerged. So, after the deceiving water lilies, water lilies appeared, meaning in the ancient language of flowers: “You must never deceive me.” 
Water lilies, Nikitsky Botanical Garden, Crimea
The egg pod blooms from late May to August. At this time, next to the floating leaves you can see large yellow, almost spherical flowers sticking high on thick stalks. 
Capsule has long been considered a medicinal plant in folk medicine. Both the leaves and the thick rhizome lying on the bottom, up to 15 centimeters in length, and large, good-smelling flowers, reaching 5 centimeters in diameter, were used. 
They also tore off the egg capsule in order to decorate the home with flowers. And in vain: the flowers of the egg capsule, like the white lily, do not stand in vases. 
Kubyshka
The white water lily is protected by law, since there are very few of them left in the reservoirs of rivers and lakes. The water lily blooms for a long time, from late May to August. White lily flowers open in the early morning and close in the late evening. 
"There are nymphs on our lake. Rumor has it that some enthusiast dived from a boat and landed... Praise be to him. A little far from the shore... But away from vandals..)))"
If you come to the lake early in the morning, you can watch these flowers emerge from the water. This is an unforgettable sight! Something begins to rise from the depths of the lake, and a large bud appears on the surface.
In a matter of minutes it turns into a beautiful white flower. There is another one nearby, a little further away... The amazing thing is that the buds emerge just before sunrise, and open as soon as the sun's rays touch the surface of the water. 
You won't find them in the same position all day. From morning to evening, flowering water lilies follow the movement of the sun, turning their floating head towards its rays. At noon they open all their petals. Then their flowers begin to gradually close and the flower looks like an unopened bud. 
And here something interesting happens: the closed water lily flowers begin to slowly sink into the water. These lashes-stems, shortening, draw the flowers along with them. Water lilies love the sun very much, a little clouds will come and they will slowly begin to close. 
The water lily leaf is buoyant, like a raft, simple in appearance, heart-shaped and thick, like a cake; There are air cavities inside it, which is why it does not sink. 
There is several times more air in it to support its own weight, the excess of which is necessary for unforeseen accidents: if, say, a bird or a frog lands, the leaf must hold them. 
Among the marine species - sea ruffe - scorpionfish, etc. By the way, coral fish, colored to match the bright coral reefs surrounding them, also mimic these “hard” thickets.
Another important point is that aquatic plants are a source of food for many fish. Of course, we must make allowances for our climate, since in winter the amount of vegetation in many reservoirs is sharply reduced and fish must switch to other types of food. Such fish are called facultative phytophages (golden crucian carp, bream, roach, etc.). For them, vegetation is not the main component of the diet, but a tasty and healthy addition to animal organisms.
Even using this nutritional criterion alone, you can create a certain picture of underwater inhabitants. For example, if you find fouling of filamentous algae on coastal stones, then you can count on encountering podust, temple or roach. When you find planktonic algae in large quantities, then look for silver carp, the same roach and other cyprinids (this is a freshwater species) and the Pacific sardine (a marine species).
In some regions, well-developed higher aquatic vegetation makes it possible to locate grass carp and rudd. And some fish are very fond of the so-called plant detritus (bottom plant accumulations) - these are young lampreys, podusts, khramuli, marinkas, osmans, etc. By the way, it is very interesting that among marine fish there are much fewer phytophages than among freshwater ones, although in the sea in Highly nutritious and tasty algae grow in large quantities, which are often included in artificial feed for breeding fish of many species.
Of course, every medal has a flip side. Sometimes higher and lower aquatic plants cause significant harm to water bodies and fish. First of all, this is the bloom of water. Sometimes reservoirs are overgrown with elodea, reeds, hogweed, lake reeds, cattails, pondweed, and horsetail. These plants simply physically displace fish from reservoirs and disrupt the hydrochemical regime. Recently, they began to fight this phenomenon, like weeds on land plantations, using mechanical and chemical extermination of weeds. Treatment of reservoirs is often carried out with the help of aviation.
In winter, fish in the middle zone have a very tense situation with oxygen, and not only because of the low temperature. Starting from mid-December, some of the aquatic plants of our reservoirs (pondweed, egg capsules, elodea, water lilies, etc.) are already dying off, sinking to the bottom in huge quantities and, in the process of rotting, absorbing so much oxygen that there is little left for the fauna (fish and invertebrate animals).
Anglers should pay attention to how the aquatic plant relates to the substrate. The overwhelming majority of representatives of higher aquatic vegetation take root in the ground. These are pondweed, arrowhead, cattail, bramble, reed, horsetail, urut and others. But in reservoirs there are also free-floating ones (on the surface, sometimes in the water column), as well as plants with floating leaves (pistia, fontinalis moss, water kras, marsh flower, water buttercup, aloe vera, duckweed mono- and trilobed, egg capsule, water lily, nut water and others).
For many aquatic plants, their entire life cycle takes place in the water column. Representatives of this group occupy relatively deep places in the coastal zone, going down to the border where a sufficient amount of sunlight necessary for plant nutrition still reaches. Of the representatives of this group in our waters, water mosses, hornwort, haru, and nitella can most often be found.
The next group is plants that mainly live under water, but produce flowers in the air. These are bladderwrack, urut, pondweed, elodea, and buttercup.
The third group is plants that raise their leaves to the surface of the water (water lily, buckwheat, duckweed).
And finally, the fourth group is plants that expose more or less of their green stems and leaves above the surface of the water. This group includes horsetails, cattails, reeds, reeds, etc.
Coastal thickets of aquatic (and semi-aquatic) vegetation surround a wide continuous strip of the shores of lakes, ponds and rivers. Only very open banks on the leeward side of rivers and lakes are devoid of large aquatic plants. As a rule, different types of plants (submerged in water, or with floating leaves and stems, or rising above the water) are arranged in separate stripes, grouped mainly depending on depth and the presence of current.
Near the very shore there are thickets of water iris, broad-leaved cattail, parasol, burrow, string, marsh whitewing, reeds, reeds, horsetails, etc., forming a thick bristle of narrow, closely standing tall stems and linear leaves above the water surface. It is inconvenient for large and active fish to be among such “hard” vegetation, since, firstly, it is difficult to turn around, and secondly, the fish are often injured by the sharp edges of sedges, pondweeds, etc.
In addition to “hard” aquatic plants, in reservoirs there are also thickets of “soft” aquatic plants: pierced-leaved pondweed, comb-leaved pondweed, floating pondweed, curly-leaved pondweed, Canadian elodea, whorled uruti, and dark green hornwort. Such “soft” thickets are also fraught with danger for fish: juveniles and adults sometimes become entangled in the tangle of leaves and stems. But near such “soft” thickets you can always find a huge number of juvenile fish, which, in turn, can feed on larger individuals. So if an angler notices branched bushes of such plants under water, he can safely expect fish in this place. If we move further, to the central part of the reservoir, we will see that “hard” vertical plants give way to a whole series of plants that do not rise above the water level, with the exception of the flowering period. Their leaves either spread out on the water (water lily, arrowhead, etc.), or rise almost to the surface and are clearly visible through a thin layer of water (elodea, myriophyllum, water mosses, etc.).
Next come those plants that huddle close to the bottom and are difficult to detect even when leaning over the water. Often, however, thickets of different types overlap one another, mixed plant communities arise, and in connection with this, mixed biocenoses. In such places, a more diverse species composition of fish is observed. The species composition of aquatic plant thickets can change significantly over time. This is due to the fact that plants deplete the soil, sucking out the salts they need from it, or release harmful substances into the soil (bottom of the reservoir), thereby stopping their further development and dying. In addition, changing weather and climatic conditions, anthropogenic impact on water bodies, etc., significantly affect the species composition of plants.
The fish of our reservoirs have a positive attitude towards most aquatic plants: sedge, water lily, reeds, duckweed, etc. After all, plants provide oxygen, food, shelter, and a substrate for eggs. Occurring facts of inadequate attitude of fish to seemingly beloved plants can be explained by various reasons. Aquatic plants are very sensitive to environmental pollution, and poisoning of a reservoir, and therefore of aquatic vegetation, which is invisible to humans, can easily be felt by fish.
Tench and carp are very sensitive to the secretions of aquatic plants, so you are unlikely to find these fish in thickets of arrowhead, hornwort or elodea. On the contrary, other carp fish and pike really love the smell of arrowhead flowers. Arrowhead flowers have three white rounded petals, and their pedicels contain a whitish milky juice, which attracts fish. After flowering, arrowhead shoots appear under water, nodules rich in starch and protein, which carp fish eat with pleasure. By the way, arrowhead tubers contain 25% more starch than potato tubers!
 |
Near the shore, along the edge of aquatic vegetation, many small fish like to walk in schools, which in turn are of interest to larger predators (for example, pike). In heavily overgrown reservoirs, fish are often found at the border of open water and thickets, and if aquatic plants are found only in small islands, then look for fish near them. These are general rules, to which, of course, there are exceptions. Let's start with a well-known aquatic plant - reed. This is a truly scary plant for fish, but only in windy weather. When there is wind, reeds, the stems of which are very stiff and resemble large straw, produce strong crackling, rustling and rustling noises that scare away fish. So there is almost no chance of finding fish in a pond among the reeds in windy weather. Exceptions are fish with weak hearing - for example, catfish, which in any weather, in any wind, can sit in the dense thickets of this plant. In our reservoirs, reeds are found almost everywhere in places with a depth of up to 1.5 m. |
 |
An interesting fact is that the author of the song “The reeds rustled, the trees bent...” was absolutely botanically illiterate and confused reeds with reeds! It was the reeds that made noise, scaring the fish and the “beloved couple,” while the reeds made almost no noise in the wind. Reed is a good water filter; the spongy structure of its stems facilitates the delivery of oxygen to the root areas, at the same time enriching the bottom soil, which has a beneficial effect on the growth of other plants and the well-being of bottom-dwelling fish species. For this reason, reeds are popular in artificial ponds where fish and aquatic plants are grown together. For the same reason, reed beds are often chosen by pike and other fish to lay eggs. In calm weather, among the reed thickets you can find roach, carp, rudd, crucian carp, ide, perch, carp, tench and bream. These fish easily reveal their presence among the stems when they make their way through them. Small and medium-sized perches love sparsely growing reeds; their slowly swimming schools move back and forth along the edge of coastal reed thickets. Large perch are more likely to be found at the ends of capes of thick reeds (or reeds) protruding into the reservoir, especially if there is sufficient depth at the edge of the vegetation. |
 |
Unlike “loud” reeds, fish of many species prefer to live in reed thickets. Dense reed thickets provide excellent shelter for prey fish and hunter fish. There are many different invertebrates here that feed on carp, carp, crucian carp, bream, juvenile pike, perch and pike perch, as well as silver bream, ruffe, ide, dace and roach. Externally, the reed is easily recognizable - a long, smooth, dark green stem rises above the surface of the water, on which there are no leaves at all. The stalk of the reed is thinner at the top than at the bottom, and the length of the “reed” can exceed 5 m! Botanists classify reeds as members of the sedge family, although they are not similar in appearance. Having broken the stem of the reed, we will see a porous mass (resembling yellowish foam), penetrated by a network of air channels that release a lot of oxygen into the water, thereby attracting fish and aquatic invertebrates. Usually reeds form dense thickets near the shore. Carp and carp love the juice of freshly cut reeds; By carefully placing several reed stems into the water, you can attract these fish to the chosen place. |
 |
Fishermen often confuse cattail or chakan with reed. This is a completely different plant; cattail has a rigid stem on which wide and long leaves are located. This beauty is completed by a dark brown velvety cob with ripened seeds. Dried cattail stalks with a cob are often placed in vases at home and later remembered about the catch. Cattail grows in places with a depth of up to 1.0-1.5 m. Most often it is found in small swampy reservoirs. Young tender tops of cattail leaves are eaten by crucian carp, tench, carp and roach. The leaves of a mature plant become coarser; only grass carp feed on them. But pike loves to use cattail as a substrate for laying eggs, which can be found among both young and old cattail. |
 |
Almost all of our fish avoid the thickets of Canadian Elodea, or, as it is also called, “water plague”. Elodea acquired this name because of its ability to completely fill a reservoir, displacing and surviving all living things. Only grass carp willingly eats Elodea leaves, and sometimes you can still see pike before spawning. |
 |
Aquatic horsetails are plants that form many shoots and tend to grow. Among them, botanists identify several dozen species, but usually we come across swamp, silty or riverine ones. Externally, horsetail is a very characteristic plant: it has a cylindrical, rather thin, segmented stem, each segment of which is separated from the neighboring one by a ring of small serrated leaves. Horsetails, like reeds, have hollow stems that accumulate oxygen and enrich the water with it. This is especially true for fish in winter, in January - February. But be careful! Usually the ice over the area of the reservoir where horsetails grow in winter is thin, and the fisherman runs the risk of swimming in such water. |
 |
Another aquatic plant produces large amounts of oxygen. These are various pondweeds that grow at depths of 2 to 4 m. They do not tolerate leaves on the surface of the water; an attentive fisherman can see poorly visible flowers, similar to small fir cones. All pondweeds are perennial plants. They survive winter well in our reservoirs, helping fish survive oxygen starvation. Some pondweeds develop a long rhizome in the ground in winter, which produces new shoots in the spring. Dead shoots of pondweeds participate in the formation of bottom silt. Pondweed feeds on aquatic mollusks, insects and some species of fish. Many fish use these plants as a substrate for spawning. One of the most common pondweeds, comb pondweed, differs in appearance from the rest: its stems are branched, and its leaves are thin and narrow. This pondweed is found in shallow waters, its flexible stems twisting and swaying. Its thickets are often inhabited by schools of fry, which attract hungry adult fish. The next common species is pierced-leaved pondweed. It is most common in our reservoirs, has long branched stems and rounded leaves, as if strung on a stem (hence the name). By the way, it is this pondweed that owners of water motor vehicles dislike so much - the plants are easily screwed onto the screws of boat motors and wound around the oars. The tops of young leaves of pondweeds of almost all types are a favorite food for carp, roach, bream, ide, bleak, and carp. In addition to herbivorous fish, many animal-eating fish graze around the pondweeds, since the thickets are home to various invertebrates, insect larvae, mollusks and other aquatic organisms, which are attracted here by the high oxygen content. |
 |
Another plant popular with our fish is urut. Hydrobotanists distinguish five of its species, among them the most common in our reservoirs are the spicate urut and the whorled urut. Urut spica grows at depths from 0.3 to 2 m, and whorled urut grows at depths of 3-4 m. Thickets of uruti usually grow on silty soils and love water rich in calcium. When the calcium content in the water is high, the leaves of uruti become covered with a lime crust. Uru spica is very sensitive to water temperature and less sensitive to light. Underwater meadows of uruti play a very important role in the life of the reservoir. In its thickets there are large accumulations of small invertebrate animals, which are food for many inhabitants of the reservoir. Schools of perch and tench love to pluck the leaves of the plant for invertebrates, and the urut itself is an excellent addition to the diet for bream, large roach, ide and other fish. In addition, urut serves as a substrate for fish eggs and a refuge for the entire animal population of the reservoir, especially for fry. In many reservoirs, pike use uruti thickets for ambush. |
Water Lily (Water Lily) |
|
 |
The water lily is a floating plant, which is often called the “water queen” because it is one of the most beautiful and largest flowers in our region. These plants belong to the genus of water lilies, or nymphs, which has about 40 species of plants. Sometimes it is called a water lily. Water lilies are unusual plants in many respects. They live in both very warm and completely frozen bodies of water and are distributed almost everywhere: from the forest-tundra to the southern tip of the American continent. These amphibious plants are able to live (grow leaves, bloom and bear fruit) both in water and on land (if the water level in the reservoir has dropped significantly). Fish highly value both the aromatic qualities of the water lily (many fish are attracted by the smell of its flowers) and the edible ones. By the way, water lily seeds are distributed over long distances by fish and birds. The water lily grows at depths of 2.5-3 m, but now this wonderful plant can be found less and less often in our reservoirs, and it is listed in the Red Book. Water lily thickets in closed reservoirs like to be visited by carp, carp, crucian carp, roach, bream, tench, perch (small), in rivers - rudd, bleak, ide, pike, roach. The carp diet includes only the youngest tender leaves, as well as water lily rhizomes, which contain a lot of starch, sugar and vegetable protein. Often thickets of water lilies are scattered in spots along the shoreline behind the belt of angustifolia cattail and lake reed. An interesting fact is that water lilies float to the surface of the water at exactly six o’clock in the morning, open their inflorescences, and close at exactly six in the evening and go under the water again. But this only applies to ideal weather, and as soon as bad weather approaches, the water lily flowers, regardless of the time, go under water, or on such days they do not appear at all. For anglers, the absence of water lily flowers on the surface is a clearly visible sign of a change in weather. |
 |
Many people confuse the white water lily and the yellow water lily. The yellow capsule grows at depths of 2.5-3 m and is a characteristic plant of floodplain reservoirs. Carp, roach, crucian carp, carp, bream, pike perch, ruffe, tench, bleak, ide, white bream, small perch, pike, roach, grass carp and even eel (artificially released, on Lake Seliger he chose its thickets) like to visit the thickets of egg capsules. . The diet of many cyprinids includes only the most tender young leaves (like the water lily). Old leaves become hard, rough and unsuitable for fish food, but tiny snails and small leeches love to settle on their undersides and are excellent food. Plants can not only injure fish with their sharp edges, but also cause harm to fish at night or in winter (with short daylight hours) because in the dark they absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide, which is harmful to fish. Plants are characterized by a process of photosynthesis consisting of two phases. During the day (in the light), plants actively absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen in incomparably greater quantities than they consume during respiration, that is, they enrich the water with it. In the dark, the absorption of carbon dioxide by plants stops, and they only consume oxygen, which becomes less and less in the water. With the rapid growth of aquatic vegetation and high water temperatures in small lakes, fish may die at night, but even if this does not occur, the fish’s food search activity decreases sharply. With the onset of the light phase, aquatic plants energetically absorb carbon dioxide and process it into green mass. Intense release of oxygen begins, and the feeding activity of the fish is restored. By noon, the process of photosynthesis slows down, there is less oxygen in the water, and the fish are less active. For this reason, the feeding activity of fish in the daytime is reduced compared to the dawn: the fish are already full. In addition, in winter, at any time of the day, dead plants rot under the ice, absorbing oxygen, especially in stagnant bodies of water. It is in these places that mass fish deaths occur. |
 Duckweed needs no special introduction. Anyone who has been near lakes, ponds or old ditches with water in the summer has seen this plant covering the surface of the water with a dense emerald carpet. Several species of duckweed, members of the duckweed family, are widespread throughout the globe, including in Russia. These are small plants floating on the surface or in the water column, consisting of leaves - leaf-shaped stems, fastened in several pieces to each other, from which a single short thread-like root extends. At the base of the leaf there is a side pocket in which a tiny inflorescence can develop, consisting of two staminate and one pistillate flowers. Duckweeds rarely bloom in natural reservoirs. Flowers have a simple structure: staminate flowers consist of only one stamen, and pistillate flowers have one pistil; There are no petals or sepals in such flowers. During the warm period, the plant reproduces vegetatively, with the help of young leaves that separate from the mother plant. Duckweed overwinters in the form of buds that sink to the bottom along with the dead plant. Duckweed trilobed grows relatively weakly, lives in the water column and rises to the surface during flowering. It is distinguished by green translucent spoon-shaped leaves 5-10 mm long. The leaves are connected to each other for a long time, forming balls that float in the water column and float to the surface during flowering. Duckweed is highly branched and forms a blanket of small bright green leaves with one root below on the surface of the water. Flowers very rarely appear in May-June.
Multi-root duckweed, or common poly-root duckweed - Lemna роlуrhyza = Spirodela роlуrhyza Poly-root duckweed is not found very often in the same reservoirs where two types of duckweed grow abundantly. A bunch of reddish or white roots extends from the underside of each stem, which has a rounded-ovoid shape. It rarely blooms in May-June. The polyroot has a dark green upper side of the leaf blade, with clearly visible arched veins, and the underside, immersed in water, is violet-purple. The plate is up to 6 mm in diameter. All these types of duckweeds are cold-resistant and light-loving. They live in bodies of water with standing or slowly flowing water. When caring for a reservoir, you have to constantly catch part of the population or, by purifying the water, create conditions that are not conducive to rapid growth. Reproduction is mainly vegetative and very fast. Each stem, similar to a small leaf, quickly buds off new and new parts of the stems, which, while still connected to the main stems, give rise to new young plants. Species with individuals floating on the surface of the water can completely “swallow” a small body of water in a short period of time. Humpbacked and multi-rooted duckweeds are particularly aggressive. These plants are rarely brought into a body of water intentionally. More often they get there with the help of birds, frogs, newts and when transplanting other plants. It is difficult to completely get rid of duckweed, but its numbers can be limited by driving the plants to one place with a net or a stream of water from a garden hose, and then catching them with the same net. The extracted mass can be used to make compost and as bird feed. These plants clean water bodies of carbon dioxide and supply oxygen, serve as food for fish and protection from sunlight. But despite this, you should never deliberately introduce duckweed into a pond, since once it appears in your pond, it will be almost impossible to eradicate it. Also be careful when bringing other plants into the pond - make sure that there is no duckweed on the plant itself or in the water. |
|
Material taken from the site:
In reservoirs, both natural and artificial, you can often find aquatic plants with leaves of various shapes and sizes floating on the surface of the water. Under the rays of the sun, on the water surface of the reservoir, they form a colorful mosaic carpet. Such plants include:
These, except for Chastukha, Olisma and Euryale frightening, which have thick, massive rhizomes containing highly nutritious substances, grow mainly in frost-free areas of reservoirs. Therefore, they are valuable nutritious food for small animals throughout the year: muskrat, beaver, muskrat, water rat.
In addition, Egg Capsules and Water Lilies take root well at the bottom of reservoirs. The depth of the reservoirs can be judged from the plants growing in them. Thus, Kubyshka takes root at a reservoir depth of up to 2.5 m; water lily - up to 2 m. In artificial reservoirs for growing water lilies, the depth can be 75-100 cm.
The Water Lily family is distributed in water bodies of Asia, Africa, and the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere at a depth of 30-90 cm. It is believed that Water Lilies appeared in water bodies of the earth during the Oligocene period, that is, 25-30 million years ago. This is an aquatic herbaceous plant, has reddish stems, a powerful rhizome, the thickness of which is 5-8 cm, length about 1 m, greenish on top, whitish below.
From the rhizome located at the bottom of the reservoir, the petioles of the leaves and pedicels of the yellow egg capsule grow. In winter, it retains reserves of nutrients necessary for the formation of leaves and flowers of this plant next year. In addition, the rhizome, like other parts of the yellow capsule, has air channels through which the oxygen necessary for respiration enters the underwater organs of the plant.
The leaves of the Yellow Capsule are of two types: underwater - translucent, wavy along the edge, heart-shaped and arrow-shaped. Floating on the water surface are entire leaves of aquatic plants with triangular long petioles of a dark green color, shiny, leathery, dense, 20 cm long.
The single flowers are located on long stalks, are fragrant, and thanks to the nectar, attract numerous six-legged pollinators. Beautiful bright yellow flowers, up to 6 cm in diameter, close at night but remain on the surface of the reservoir. The plant blooms in June-July.
The fruit is a fleshy, multi-seeded, ovoid-conical jug. The yellow capsule propagates by seeds and vegetatively. Grows well on muddy or soil containing a mixture of peat, humus, and clay soil. Plants prefer a well-warmed, sunny location of the reservoir. It should be noted that the Yellow Capsule must be protected, since intensive collection of its beautiful flowers causes great harm to it. Thus, in many reservoirs, the complete disappearance of this colorful plant was observed.
The Water Lily family is distributed in water bodies of the forest zone from the Western to the Eastern regions of Russia at a depth of 0.5-1.5 m. This aquatic herbaceous plant is much smaller in size than the yellow egg capsule, the rhizome of which is about 1 cm. The leaves are emergent, oblong-ovate, floating , rise above the water, rather pubescent below. The leaves are 15 cm long, 11 cm wide. The flowers are small, 2-3 cm in diameter, with golden-yellow petals.
Propagated by seeds and vegetatively. Grows well in soils containing a mixture of peat, humus and clay soil. It is recommended to remove old and excess leaves so that the water surface in the pond is ¾ or 2/3 free. The small egg pod is widespread due to the fact that it grows both in stagnant and slowly flowing waters, and in rivers with fast currents.
Despite the fact that this plant contains toxic substances (alkaloids, nymphaine and nyufarina), many wild animals, such as elk, water rat, muskrat, beaver and even bear and otter, feed on this plant. Waterfowl also like to feast on the seeds of the Little Capsule. In America, Little Capsule is considered a highly nutritious food and protective plant for some valuable fish species.
Family Water lilies, distributed in Europe and the Caucasus. It is believed that Water Lilies appeared in the reservoirs of the Earth much earlier than the Water Lilies, that is, during the Paleocene period (about 60 million years ago). This is a perennial herbaceous stemless plant with a rather thick rhizome lying at the bottom of the reservoir. The rhizome is dark brown in color, covered with the remains of leaf petioles; leaves of aquatic plants floating, on the water surface, large, round-oval, glossy. The leaves are dark green above and reddish-violet below.
The flowers are single, delicate, white, 10-12 cm in diameter with a pleasant subtle aroma, located on long stalks. The flowers have numerous petals, which are directed in different directions, and seem to cover each other. Therefore, the flower itself looks like a white, rather lush rose. The plant blooms from late May to August.
In the morning, at approximately 8 o'clock, this aquatic herbaceous plant releases its flowers onto the water surface, which open under the rays of the sun. At five or six o'clock in the evening, the flowers fold their petals and sink under the water. In rainy and cloudy weather, the flowers of this plant do not rise to the water surface at all.
The fruit of the Water Lily is fleshy, multi-seeded, and has the shape of a wide vessel. The plant reproduces by seeds and vegetatively. The water lily is unpretentious to soils, so its dense thickets are found on silty, clayey, sandy, and peat lands. To grow it in artificial reservoirs, a thick layer of silt or nutritious clay soil is poured onto the bottom.
The plant is not demanding of light, so its thickets can develop well in the shade of tall air-water plants. It is especially worth noting that Water Lily, Nymphea is very sensitive to injury, so you should not pick these beautiful flowers. The plant may die and disappear from water bodies forever.
The Water Lily family is distributed in the forest zone of North-Eastern Europe, Siberia, the Far East and North America. The differences that aquatic plants have in the Small Water Lily - the floating leaves and flowers (the diameter of which is 4-6 cm) are much smaller than those of the Nymphaeum Water Lily, the rhizome is much thinner.
However, the food value of this plant for small animals is great, since it grows precisely in the northern regions where the Nymphaeum water lily cannot grow.
Varieties of water lilies are also known: Water lily pure white (pure white flowers, diameter 6-10 cm); Pink water lily (pink flowers, 10-15 cm in diameter).
The Rogulnikov family, distributed in the south of Europe, the south of Siberia, and the Far East. This annual herbaceous aquatic plant has a long underwater stem, at the lower nodes of which there are thread-like roots that attach the water chestnut to the ground.
The leaves are in a rosette, floating, broadly rhombic, 3-4 cm long, 3-4.5 cm wide, pubescent below. The petioles have an oblong-elliptical swelling filled with air-bearing tissue of varying lengths. This creates good lighting for each sheet.
The flowers are small, white, located one at a time on thin stalks in the axils of the leaves. Flowers develop under water and are carried to the water surface by pedicels that are covered with upward curved hairs. The flowers open in the morning for several hours, close by noon and go under water. The plant blooms in May-June. The fruit is a nut with a conical base and four powerful, oppositely arranged horns. The fruits are well preserved in silt, even for ten years, without losing their viability.
The plant reproduces vegetatively. In order to grow this family of aquatic plants, the silty soil of the reservoir is necessary. Very sensitive to water composition. So, if it contains even one percent of sodium chloride and calcium salts, the plant dies. The fruits of the nut are highly nutritious food for muskrats, river beavers, geese, and ducks.
The local population consumes it as a delicacy. The water chestnut is interesting because sometimes for a while it can turn into: this happens when the water level in a reservoir can rise sharply so much that the stem of the plant cannot reach the bottom of the reservoir. However, if the water in the reservoir subsides or, like a free-floating plant, the water chestnut will float to shallow water, its stem will again take root in the soil of the bottom of the reservoir. Recently, the water chestnut is found less and less every year, therefore it is subject to protection. Listed in the Red Book.
Family Rhododaceae, common in lakes of Western Siberia. This is a rhizomatous, fast-growing plant. It has two types of leaves: floating and underwater. Floating ones are broadly oval, greenish, with a waxy coating, which adhere well to the water surface due to the presence of air-bearing tissue and channels in them.
The underwater leaves of aquatic plants are narrow-lanceolate and quite densely cover the stem submerged in water. They die off long before the plant begins to flower. The flowers are small, pink, collected in spike-shaped inflorescences, rising above the water surface. The plant blooms in June-July.
The fruit is an obovate nut with a short nose. The seeds ripen in late July-August. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively. It is not picky about soils; it grows well on silty, clayey, and sandy soils. Pondweed overwinters floating at the bottom of reservoirs, the depth of which is from 0.5 to 2 m. At this time, “sleeping” buds are formed.
Overwintering buds and rhizomes are highly nutritious food, especially during the ice-covered period, for small animals: muskrat, beaver, water rat. Its dense thickets serve as a good place for spawning of many, including valuable species of fish. The tuberous thickenings of the rhizomes, when baked, can also be used as human food. The peculiarities of this plant are that it enriches the water of the reservoir with oxygen, and can also be used as a good fertilizer.
The Rhododaceae family, distributed in the temperate zone of Eurasia and North America. This is a perennial rhizomatous plant with thin, highly branched stems. There are two types of leaves: underwater and floating. Underwater – numerous, lanceolate, translucent, forming the main vegetative mass. Pondweed is aquatic plants with floating leaves, the shape and structure of which resemble the leaves of floating pondweed.
The flowers are small, inconspicuous, collected in inflorescences - a thick spike. The fruits are spicate, with a short beak. Pondweed, like floating pondweed, overwinters at the bottom of reservoirs. In summer it is the favorite food of all aquatic animals and waterfowl. In winter - for animals in non-frozen areas of reservoirs.
Pondweed is a very variable species of Pondweed. So, when the water level in reservoirs rises, which leads to the deepening of the plant, its floating leaves die. When the reservoir dries out, the plant can take on a terrestrial form with leathery leaves narrowed into petioles.
The Chastukhov family, distributed in the European part of Russia, feeds the Arctic. It is a perennial aquatic plant with a thick, large tuberous rhizome. It has thick, erect stems, much longer than the leaves. Chastukha has two types of leaves: floating and emergent.
Floating - lower, wide-linear, pure green. Above-water - large, ovate or broadly ovate, located on long petioles, also pure green in color. The flowers are small, up to 1 cm in diameter, whitish-pink or pale lilac in color, collected in graceful pyramidal panicles.
The flowers are located on stems whose height is about 0.7 m. The plant blooms in June-August. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively. The plant is poisonous when fresh and harmful to livestock, but when dried, the toxicity disappears. The plant is very decorative; Winter bouquets are made from dry inflorescences. It can also be a beautiful addition to floating plants when decorating ponds.
The Water Lily family, distributed in the Ussuri Region, India, Japan, and China. It is an annual, stemless aquatic plant. The leaves are long-petiolate and arrow-shaped in young plants. At a later time - round-oval, leathery, reaching 130 cm in diameter. The underside of the leaves of aquatic plants is slightly pubescent, violet-purple in color; the upper one is green, bare. It has strongly protruding veins on which numerous spines are located.
The plant is remarkable in that its leaves have numerous protuberances. Air bubbles accumulate under them, thanks to which the floating Euryale plants are held on the surface of the water surface of the reservoir.
The flowers are large, blue-violet in color with a reddish core, located on thin peduncles. Flowers and peduncles are covered with spines, bent down. The plant blooms in the second half of summer. The fruits are round, dark purple in color, weighing up to 200 g, covered with powerful thorns. The seeds are black, spherical, covered with sticky mucus, and ripen in September-October.
Euryale frightening is propagated by seeds. Each year the plant produces abundant, flat, spiny foliage. This original, light-loving plant is sown in reservoirs in the southern regions of the above countries.
Egg pods, pondweeds, water lilies, Chastukha, Alisma, Euryale are propagated by seed. The fruits of the egg capsules and spikelets of pondweed, which float on the surface of reservoirs, are collected from the boat by hand at the end of August - beginning of September, tearing them off the pedicels.
Water Lily Fruits that are under water are cut off with a hook. The collected fruits and spikelets are placed on the bottom of the boat, covered with damp moss or damp burlap to protect them from drying out. They are then placed in baskets or boxes with holes and placed in water to ripen. After 7-12 days, the seeds of these plants are completely freed from the fruit shells, spikelets, and mucus, that is, they are ready for sowing.
Seeds of Egg Capsules and Water Lilies scattered from a boat or from the shore. They descend onto the muddy soil of a previously surveyed reservoir. The following spring shoots appear, and a year later the plants bloom.
Pondweed seeds are rolled into lumps of clay and lowered into clay soil, the layer of which is 10-15 cm, to a depth of 40-90 cm; for clayey – sand-containing soil, to a depth of 30-90 cm.
Seeds of Chastukha, Alisma sown during the summer in open reservoirs, silty soil to a depth of 7-10 cm.
Euryale Seeds freed from fruit shells and mucus, they are sown in the muddy soil of a reservoir with a depth of up to 1.3 m.
Water chestnut is propagated by its fruits. , one plant of which produces 10-15 fruits. During collection, the fruits are placed in damp moss to protect them from drying out, since dry fruits completely lose their viability. It has been noted that water chestnut fruits can be preserved in silt for up to 10 years, without losing their germination capacity. Water chestnut fruits are planted in shallow, well-warmed by the sun reservoirs with silty soil to a depth of 0.6-1 m.
By vegetative method, that is, by dividing the rhizomes, Egg Capsules, Water Lilies, Pondweeds, Chastukha, and Alisma are propagated. To do this, the rhizomes of these plants are hooked from the bottom of reservoirs from a boat with a hook and removed to the surface. Then they are cut with a knife into cuttings 20-25 cm long so that each cutting contains buds (“eyes”) and bunches of roots. Having tied a load to the cuttings (it can be gravel, crushed stone, pieces of brick), they are immersed in the water of the reservoir. In this case, the rhizome cuttings should remain on the surface of the soil.
Cuttings of Egg Capsules and Water Lilies planted in the muddy soil of a reservoir to a depth of 0.6-1.2 m. Cuttings of Chastukha and Alisma in artificial reservoirs are planted to a depth of 7-12 cm; in natural ones - to a depth of 15 cm. It should be noted that for planting cuttings of rhizomes of these plants, the western thermal season can be used. However, the optimal time is spring and the first half of summer.
Legend 1 (about the white water lily). The scientific name of the water lily family (Nymph) is apparently given in honor of the beautiful white-faced young Nymph with a shock of golden hair, living in a forest lake. At night, sinking to the bottom of the lake, she slept peacefully. And in the morning, having risen to the surface of the water, I washed myself with dew from the coastal plants. Her life flowed calmly, surrounded by dryads and naiads in picturesque nature.
But one day, on the shore of the lake, she saw the then young Hercules. Sleep and peace left her, she stopped sinking to the bottom of the lake, meeting her friends - she was still waiting for Hercules to return. But he didn't come anymore. Life was slowly leaving the beautiful Nymph and this legend about the white Water Lily says that she soon turned into a snow-white flower with golden stamens. Every morning the flower opened on the surface of the lake, as if expecting and hoping to see Hercules again.
Legend 2 (about Mermaids and Water Lilies). Apparently, myths about Mermaids appeared among the Slavs because of the ability of water lilies to submerge in water. These pale-faced, slender beauties loved to comb their long, flowing, moon-colored hair on moonlit nights, sitting on stones and stumps on the shore of a forest lake. And when they saw random belated travelers, they caught them and pulled them into their watery kingdom.
Legend 3 (Water lilies - amulets). In ancient times in Rus', the water lily (white water lily) was called Odolen-grass. It was believed that she was capable of protecting people traveling to distant lands. Therefore, a piece of its rhizome was placed in an amulet and worn as an amulet. They also believed that its root should be carried by a shepherd so that his flock would not scatter. There was also a belief: “whoever dislikes you and wants to dry him, give him the root to eat.”
Legend 4 (love story of the Water King and Princess Nymph). Admiring the Egg Capsules and Water Lilies, people created legends about the origin of these amazingly beautiful plants. So, one Italian legend about the Water Lily says......
Among the picturesque hills covered with flowers, in the foothills of the Alps lies a blue, blue lake. During the day, under the rays of the sun, many different species of fish splashed in its water. And when the stars lit up in the sky and the Moon appeared, the lunar path ran across the water surface of the lake; The Water King lived in this lake.
Not far from the lake, on one of the hills, stood a magnificent ancient castle. The beautiful towers, turrets, and spiers of this castle were reflected in the water of this lake. Many generations passed in this castle during the life of the water king. But one day he saw a young, beautiful girl with golden, lush hair, eyes bluer than the waters of a lake, skin whiter than snowy mountains.
It was Nymph - the daughter of the owner of the castle. Seeing her, the Water King felt loneliness for the first time. But how to get closer to it? After all, only a light small cloud of gray fog could he cling to the windows of the castle - this was his real appearance. And he could only inhabit a snag or a dead person. One day he heard that a ball was being prepared in the castle, at which Nymph was supposed to choose a groom.
That day, clinging to the windows of the castle, he watched with longing as the elegant guests who arrived were having fun, dancing - music was playing in the castle. And when dusk came, he saw a strange horseman appear on the road to the castle. He was sitting on a horse, for some reason backwards to front, muttering something indistinctly. True, he was young and handsome, dressed quite elegantly, and his horse was a thoroughbred. When the rider, driving a spur into the horse, made him fly up, the horse threw him to the ground. The young man groaned, but soon fell silent.
The water king felt sorry for this man, he bent over him. And a few moments later a young, handsome Stranger entered the castle hall. The music instantly stopped and there was silence in the hall. And suddenly his ironic, authoritative voice rang out: “why isn’t the music playing?” And the musicians, without even asking permission from the owner of the castle, began to play.
The guests made way for the stranger as he went to invite the Nymph to dance. They danced alone all evening; no one dared to enter the circle. “I’ll show you the whole world,” the Stranger whispered to the charming Nymph. Further, this legend about the Water Lily says that in the morning both disappeared, and no one ever saw them again. And on the blue, blue lake, Egg Caps and Water Lilies began to appear from time to time. Local residents said that it was the Water King and the Nymphs who visited this lake again.
"Water Resources" - Mathematical extrapolation of processed historical data is not very reliable. After all, the spread of the results of justifying calculations under conditions of uncertainty is very large. Reducing water consumption. The development of regional economies is accompanied by an increase in water consumption. The reason is the lack of reliable information on actual water consumption.
“The Stone Flower of Bazhov” - I even learned to write and read little by little from the clerk. They shine through and ring subtly, like sheet copper. It’s a stone, but it’s like silk to the eye, even if it’s smooth with your hand. And the clothes are such that you won’t find anything else in the world. The world of craftsmen. There is such a variety. A world of magic and fantasy. - There’s also a stone flower.
“Knitting a flower” - Literature used. All-Russian Internet - competition of arts and crafts "Golden Handicraft". We will knit the leaf for the flower according to the pattern. Equipment. We knit in a circle, counterclockwise. Knitting the stem is based on the principle of circular knitting. We sew the finished leaf to the stem, the flower is ready.
“It’s called a vector” - Addition of vectors Triangle rule. The second concept of a vector. Beginning of the vector. The length of a vector or the modulus of a non-zero vector is the length of a segment. Vectors. Subtraction of vectors. Vector addition Parallelogram rule. End of the vector. Codirectional vectors. Equality of vectors. Construction: Collinear vectors.
“Aquatic environment” - Inhabitants of the aquatic environment. Look for water where cattails grow. Bulrush. Review questions: Comparing living conditions in different environments. Cattail angustifolia. Today we will learn: Lesson topic: Aquatic environment.
“Platonov’s Unknown Flower” - Kindness - responsiveness, emotional disposition towards people, the desire to do good to others. To languish is to suffer, to experience a burden from something. Jean de La Bruyère, French writer. Fragrance - aroma, pleasant smell. Dictionary. Andrey Platonovich Platonov. Flickering - faintly glowing with fluctuating light.
A decorative pond is often associated with a decorated shoreline and water lilies, although in fact there are a huge variety of plants that can decorate and complement the surface of the water. Moreover, if you correctly select the “inhabitants” of a decorative pond, then the pond can become the highlight of a summer cottage, which does not require constant maintenance.
Almost all oxygenating plants do not perform decorative functions, but at the same time they are the most important “residents” of the reservoir. After all, it is thanks to these plants that a decorative pond can remain clean and well-groomed without additional effort.
Often the leaves, flowers and stems of these plants are under water and only occasionally appear on the surface, which is why they are often called underwater. The purpose of the “underwater rescuers” is to absorb carbon dioxide and normalize the oxygen balance in their habitat.
The most popular representatives of oxygen generators:
Autumn marshweed is a perennial herbaceous plant that is partially or entirely submerged in water, with only small light green leaves visible above the surface. The swampweed propagates in spring or summer using cuttings.
Uru spica is a perennial aquatic herbaceous plant with thin branching stems of reddish or brown color. Urut reproduces very quickly and is capable of displacing other plants, forming dense clusters.
0
Dark green hornwort is a long-stemmed plant with needle-like green leaves and a reddish stem. Hornwort grows very quickly and is very unpretentious. Propagated by simply dividing the stem, just take a very small piece.
0
A characteristic feature of floating plants is the leaves and stems that are on the surface of the water. These plants are an indispensable protection from the sun; they prevent the development of blue-green algae and help create a stable temperature regime in a decorative pond.
In addition to “rescue” functions, plants living on the surface perform decorative functions. As a rule, these plants have beautiful wide leaves and bright, showy flowers.
The most popular representatives of these species:
Azolla is a beautiful aquatic plant of the genus of floating ferns. Its small paired leaves float on the surface of the water, forming large colonies, which in the warm season can grow to significant sizes in just a few weeks.
0
Vodokras is a perennial plant with creeping stems and medium-sized white flowers. Sand or fine silted gravel 4-5 cm thick is suitable as a soil for watercolor. This perennial is propagated by planting seeds and cuttings of rhizomes. It is recommended to plant it in an unshaded place or in partial shade.
0
Water chestnut or chilim is a rather rare annual aquatic plant today, listed in the Red Book. Propagation and planting are very simple - just throw chilim nuts into the required place with a suitable depth. If there is not enough fertile soil in the reservoir, then the nuts are planted in containers and then heated. An important condition for the existence of an aquatic plant is the absence of large mollusks that eat the leaves of the rogulnik.
0
Wolfia is one of the smallest flowering plants, characterized by green elliptical formations (no more than 1 mm in diameter). This small plant requires good lighting, but at the same time it must be protected from direct sunlight. Wolfia is not picky about temperature and water hardness, but does need a little water movement.
0
Duckweed, along with reeds, is one of the most common aquatic plants. Duckweed looks like a cluster of small leaves floating on the surface of the water. Duckweed lives in well-lit standing or slowly flowing water bodies. The only maintenance that should be emphasized is the periodic catching of part of the duckweed population, since it grows very quickly. Duckweed reproduces vegetatively and, as mentioned above, very quickly.
0
Water hyacinth is a flowering aquatic plant, distinguished by large oval-shaped leaves and large inflorescences slightly similar to the flowers of garden hyacinth. Water hyacinth prefers bodies of water with good lighting and high water temperatures due to its tropical origin. Under good living conditions, it can reproduce so quickly that it begins to displace other plants from the reservoir, leaving them without oxygen.
0
Most of these plants do well when planted to a depth of 2 meters. The best option for cultivating deep-sea plants is to plant them in special containers that are placed at the bottom of the reservoir. When choosing suitable flowers, you should take into account the frost resistance of the plant; this or that flower will be able to overwinter in a decorative pond.
Lotus is an incredibly beautiful herbaceous amphibian plant that can grow for several years thanks to its massive root, in which it accumulates useful substances. The lotus owes its popularity to its large cream, yellow or pink flowers.
Lotus can be propagated either by seeds or by rhizomes. Moreover, in the second case, the lotus may bloom the next season. When planting a lotus, you should remember that this flower loves clean water, so it is better to sprinkle the bottom of the reservoir with small pebbles and do not forget about periodically cleaning the water. In the spring, if the lotus has grown, it must be pruned, first removing old and dying flowers and leaves.
0
Aponogeton is a widespread rhizomatous aquatic plant with large lancet-shaped leaves. For development and inconspicuous flowering, this plant requires the water temperature in the reservoir to be at least 18°C, so it is often planted directly in the water directly in pots, and in the fall it is taken to the basement of the house for wintering.
0
Capsule is an aquarium ornamental aquatic plant of the water lily family. This type of water lily has a powerful root system, so the layer of soil at the bottom of the reservoir must be at least 7 cm. For full growth, the water lily needs two more things: good lighting and clean water. It is advisable to change the water at least 1-2 times a month, if it is an artificial reservoir, or install water purification filters and fill the bottom with pebbles to reduce the amount of turbidity in the water.
0
Nymphaeum or marsh flower is a perennial deep-water plant that stands out for its height, which depends on the water level in the reservoir and can reach one meter. Flowers and green leaves resembling a water lily develop on a long stem. Marshflower flowers look more like buttercups and are collected in small clusters. The nympheater gives its preference to quiet, illuminated creeks and shallow reservoirs.
0
Mulberry belongs to the buttercup family and is often found in standing or slow-moving bodies of water. In artificial reservoirs it is often used to enrich water with oxygen; in addition, it adapts quite easily to life on land, which makes it very popular. Mulberry propagates vegetatively using stem segments.
0
In order for the reservoir not to stand out from the overall design of the summer cottage, it is necessary to take care of a smooth transition between water and land; for this it is necessary to select plants that will decorate the coastline and help ensure access of oxygen under the ice crust in winter.
Perennial aquatic plant, very frost-resistant. The stems are immersed in water, thin, curved, branched. It grows in lakes, rivers and canals, prefers standing or slowly flowing water, but can also live in waterlogged soil - damp hollows and periodically flooded areas.
The swamp is very unpretentious. Light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy clay soils are suitable for cultivation. It requires a well-lit place, but on very hot days the plant can be shaded. For good growth, the soil depth when planting should be at least 15-20 cm.
0
Being primarily a marsh plant, water pine grows well in shallow water, but can grow completely submerged. This plant is very unpretentious and winter-hardy. As a rule, it is planted in growth restrictors or in containers with any soil that can be immersed to a depth of 1 m. It grows equally well in the sun and in the shade.
0
Some moisture-loving species of the Iris genus can grow in close proximity to water bodies. They are able to grow in shallow water and in the coastal zone on excessively moist soils. Most of them grow successfully when the rhizomes and lower parts of the stems are immersed in water. Moisture-loving species include Kaempfer's Iris and Siberian Iris.
0
Marsh marigold is a beautiful primrose of bright yellow, orange or golden colors with a fleshy stem. The plant loves well-moistened soil, so it is ideal for planting near bodies of water. Marigold is very unpretentious in care: any fertile soil, almost any lighting (preferably partial shade) is suitable for it. Marigold reproduces by dividing the bush.
0
Cattail is one of the most common and unpretentious perennial aquatic plants of the sedge family. Cattails are planted in shallow water; propagation is usually carried out in early spring by dividing the rhizome. After planting, the plant requires plenty of watering and good lighting.
Two types of duckweed are commonly found: Lesser duckweed (L. minor) - see picture on the left and Trilobed duckweed (L. trisulca) - see picture on the right. Lesser duckweed inhabits many bodies of water and reproduces extremely quickly. The most common pond plant with flat elliptical leaves 3-4.5 mm long, floating on the surface of the water.
