Currently, instead of a standard gas or electric stove, many people install a hob in the kitchen, which, depending on the design, can be gas, electric or combined. In order for the hob surface of a new panel to last for a long time, it is necessary to clean it thoroughly and regularly. When sanitizing and washing the hob surface you will need detergent and a special sponge or washcloth. The detergent is chosen depending on the material from which the panel is made. Hobs are currently produced from the following materials:
The glass ceramic hob is fragile and rough abrasive particles contained in some cleaning products may cause scratches. Therefore, you should choose a special cleaning agent; glass cleaning liquid is ideal as a cleaner for glass ceramics. It is advisable to remove stains from jams and syrups from the surface before they have time to harden, otherwise it will be much more difficult to scrape them off.
The enamel surface can be easily cleaned with a soft sponge soaked in a soapy solution of a special detergent. This product will easily help remove not only grease stains, but also stubborn limescale. In addition, after treating the surface with this composition, a thin layer remains protective film, which prevents the growth of the fat layer.
The best option for caring for the hob is a special detergent, which is always on sale. With its help, you can quickly and effectively clean the surface of dirt. It is best to start cleaning the surface by removing dried food particles using a special plastic or metal scraper. Then wipe the surface with a soft cotton cloth dampened special means, and then wipe dry with a clean, dry flannel.
Most The best way keep for a long time ideal condition hob This is to clean it immediately after cooking has been completed. Of course, before you start cleaning, you need to let the stove cool completely. This approach is good primarily because the fatty heel and stains do not have time to dry out in a short period of time, so they can be easily and quickly removed.
Despite the abundance of information, buyers household appliances there are still many misconceptions and prejudices that sometimes prevent them from doing so right choice and enjoy all the functions and capabilities that modern technology provides.
First of all, the experts decided to dispel doubts about purchasing induction (induction hobs). This technology has already conquered Europe, but still remains unpopular in Russia.
Myth #1: Induction is not safe for your health.
When induction operates, it is not the glass ceramics that heats up, but the cookware, which then transfers the heat to the surface. In conventional stoves there is a Hi Light strip heating element, and in induction stoves its place is taken by an electromagnetic coil, which generates heat in the cookware itself due to the action electro magnetic field. However, it disappears as soon as the dishes are raised even a centimeter from the surface.
To confirm the safety of the stove, an experiment was conducted comparing the voltage level of the magnetic field of induction and a conventional hair dryer. According to the test results for the hair dryer, this figure was 2000 µT, and for hob- only 22 µT (91 times less!). Such a magnetic field cannot harm human health.
Myth No. 2: When buying induction, you will have to change all the cookware.
This myth is exactly as old as induction hobs have existed on the household appliances market in Russia. Many of those who purchased an induction hob had no idea that, for example, their old enamel cookware, which is 15-20 years old, has ferromagnetic properties and is suitable for an induction hob. How can one not remember the story about aluminum cookware and the housewife who threw it away without thinking that the bottom of such a cookware could be made of another ferromagnetic material and it could be suitable for cooking on an induction hob?
This myth is very easy to refute. In order not to throw away all the old cookware that you are used to cooking with, you need to check its bottom for ferromagnetic properties. This is done very simply: remove the magnet from the refrigerator and attach it to the bottom of the dish from the outside. If the magnet sticks, then the pot or pan is suitable for induction cooking.
Myth #3: Induction heats up like a regular glass-ceramic stove.
One of the most common myths, although the induction hob was created so that the glass ceramics do not heat up to high temperatures, but the dish was still being prepared. When destroying the first myth, it was found that when induction works, it is the cookware that heats up, not the surface. You can make sure that induction is much colder than glass ceramics using ice: just put it on the surface. The ice will melt much slower than on a regular stove. This means that culinary masterpieces are no longer in danger of burning.
Myth #4: Any metal object, caught on working induction, will become very hot.
Some induction surfaces have a minimum cookware diameter requirement of 8 cm. If the diameter is lower, or total area If there is less heating, the hob will not turn on. It is also worth noting that if the cookware is not suitable for use, then it will not heat up. And some induction hobs have a sensor: they won’t turn on without the cookware - just like children, if they decide to press the buttons of the new “machine.”
Myth No. 5: Induction cannot be installed above ovens, dishwashers, or washing machines and other devices with metal surfaces.
Indeed, the electromagnetic coils are located parallel to the tabletop. And theoretically, the magnetic field should act both on objects located above the hob and below it. But there are hob manufacturers who have taken care of this. When creating them, the developers used a special insulating magnetic “heat sink”. Thus, nothing threatens the equipment located near the induction.
Myth #6: Induction cooktops are expensive.
This myth is easy to refute if you just study the market. According to statistics, in 2012, 42% of consumers in Europe chose induction technology heating On Russian market you can find induction hobs starting from 11 thousand rubles. As a result, the difference with traditional glass-ceramic panels is small.
Operating instructions for induction cooker (hob).
Induction cookers are the most modern version equipment for cooking in the kitchen. You must be able to properly handle an induction cooker so that it serves faithfully and for a long time. There will be a lot of information only on initial stage, then the friendship between the hostess and the stove will develop by itself. So, in this article - operation, selection of cookware and proper care behind the stove.
Power-up and basic operation
Before you begin to get acquainted with the operation of the stove, you need to remove any glue from it that may have remained from production. For this purpose, special detergents are used that do not contain abrasives. During the first hours of operation of the device, many people complain about the smell of burnt rubber, but there is no need to worry. The smell will soon go away on its own.
So, the stove is connected to the power source, after which it will emit a short beep. It indicates that the connection process is correct and the hob can be turned on. If you hold your finger on the “+” and “-” buttons, you can change the power level and change the timer settings.
Switching on the cooking zones
Each zone of the induction hob must be turned on with separate buttons, and there is also a separate power regulator. As a rule, the power can be set from 0 to 9. To turn on the cooking zone, you need to press the corresponding button and adjust the power. In the instructions you can find what power is suitable for a specific cooking process. For example, at 1-3 the heat is maintained, but the cooking process is suspended. Levels 7-9 are suitable for boiling water quickly, 5-6 are ideal for extinguishing.
Practical tips: choosing cookware
For induction cookers, you must use special cookware that is made of ferromagnetic material. This is due to the operating principle of the device. The induction coil transfers heat directly to the cookware, while the surface of the burner itself does not heat up. If you don't want to buy a set new dishes, then you can buy (1000-5000 rubles, depending on the manufacturer). It is installed on the burner and receives heat from the induction coil. Then it can transfer heat to any dish, be it glass or aluminum.
Interesting! A regular magnet will help you check whether the cookware is suitable for cooking on a given type of stove. You just need to put it in a container and it should work. TO suitable options for such a plate applies cast iron cookware, steel or enameled.
To prepare food, you need to use a thick-bottomed pan that fits tightly to the burner. Sometimes when cold the bottom is slightly concave, but when heated it fits tightly onto the burner. It is not recommended to use pots and pans that were previously used for cooking on a gas stove.
Features of care and cleaning
Most manufacturers produce panels of this type with a traditional glass-ceramic coating. To provide excellent appearance stove and proper care must be observed following rules:
— To clean the stove there should be a separate sponge without grease or accumulation of detergents;
— Contaminants can be removed using special products for caring for glass-ceramic surfaces. Unlike other products, they create a thin silicone film on the surface that protects against dirt;
— If you don’t have a special product on hand to care for glass ceramics, you can use a gel or cream. Under no circumstances should you wash the surface with powder (it will leave scratches), or with dishwashing detergent (it will leave greasy stains);
— After the applied product is washed off with water, wipe the surface dry soft cloth;
— Since the surface does not heat up much, because the heat is transferred directly to the dishes, drops of fat and other liquids do not eat into the glass ceramics. Due to this, the cleaning process is much easier;
- Do not pour cleaning agent onto the surface itself. You need to moisten a sponge in it and apply it to the stove;
Important! A serious enemy of glass-ceramic surfaces is sugar. If it gets on the stove, you should brush it off and then wipe the area with a care product. If syrup or jam gets in, you need to remove the stain warm water, then with a soft scraper, and then go through a special cleaning agent.
Jan 6 2013
At the moment, built-in panels with induction heating and electric stoves are becoming more and more popular. Their advantages are quite obvious, because the main operating principle of these cookstoves is safe use. An induction cooker is a type of electric cooker. We will look at the principles of its operation, advantages and disadvantages in more detail in this article.
An induction electric stove is the most modern kitchen appliance that changes stereotypes about cooking. It would seem, is it possible for food that gets on the hob during cooking not to burn?
Indeed, this stove has operational advantages that no person can underestimate. For this reason, more and more companies are including induction electric stoves in their products. Among them we can note such well-known manufacturing companies as “Hansa”, “BOSCH”, “Samsung”, “Electrolux” and others.
Form your opinion regarding this household appliance You can only do this by familiarizing yourself with the principles of its operation. At its core, this type kitchen stoves is a transformer. Under the surface of the stove there is an induction coil through which electric current flows. When heating food, the coil will be the primary winding, and the dishes placed on the hob will be the secondary winding. For this reason, the burner itself - glass or ceramics located between the cookware and the coil - will not be subject to heating.
When an induction cooker operates, only the cookware heats up, and, consequently, the food in it. Please note that special utensils are used for cooking in this case.
Except classic look, which is no different from conventional electric stoves, a glass-ceramic induction stove can be tabletop and in the form of a mortise one, which is built into the desktop.
This type of stove is used for professional food preparation, for example, in restaurants, as well as for homemade food. Tabletop electric induction cooker can be different shapes, depending on the shape of the cookware it is intended to work with. Based on this, the slabs are distinguished:
Compared to other types of kitchen stoves, a tabletop induction electric stove has a fairly high cooking speed. For example, one and a half liters of water can be boiled on such a burner in about three minutes, although on an electric stove it will take fifteen minutes.
To know how to choose an induction hob, you need to find out what its advantages and disadvantages are.
First of all, its advantages should be noted. These include:
We can talk about the advantages of this cooker for a long time, but what are the disadvantages of an induction cooker?
Video showing the working principle of an induction cooker
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When purchasing a new induction cooker, you should not rush to plug it into one of the available outlets. IN in this case first of all, it is necessary to determine the possibility of connecting a given household electrical appliance to a particular section of electrical wiring and select the most the best way its connections. Let's consider the question of how to connect an induction cooker.
It should be noted that before purchasing an induction cooker, it is necessary to clarify what load limit is determined for the apartment (house) and evaluate the possibility of using a particular induction cooker, taking into account its maximum power consumption.
A tabletop induction electric stove, as a rule, has a cord and a plug for connection to a regular household outlet. That is, in this case there is no need to purchase an additional cord and plug to connect the electrical appliance. But in this case, it is very important to choose the right outlet to turn on the electric stove.
Very often they make a mistake - they plug the electric stove into one of the free sockets, without taking into account its load capacity, that is, the amount of load that can be plugged into a given socket.
In the best case, one of the circuit breakers in the electrical distribution panel will turn off - as a result of an overload in one of the electrical wiring sections. But if the wiring is not properly protected, for example, if several wiring lines are connected to one circuit breaker, an overload will damage the wiring.
Therefore, before you start using electric stove, you need to find out its maximum power consumption and make sure that this electrical appliance can be plugged into one of the available outlets. Power consumption is indicated in watts (W) or in kilowatts (kW) in the passport on the body of the electric stove, as well as in technical specifications in the operating instructions for this household appliance.
It should be remembered that ordinary household plug socket designed to turn on household electrical appliances with a rated power of no more than 3.5 kW, which corresponds to a load current of 16 A. That is, if the power consumption of the electric stove does not exceed given value, then it can be plugged into this outlet.
First, you need to clarify which cable is connected to the outlet, and how it connects to the rest home wiring. The cable feeding the outlet must have a cross-section of at least 2.5 square meters. mm.
If the cable is connected directly to the home distribution panel, then such wiring line can withstand the current of the household outlet; a circuit breaker of the required rating can be installed to protect such wiring line. This option is most preferable in terms of reliability.
The second common option is that the cable powering the outlet is connected in a junction box. In this case, you need to take into account the loads of other outlets connected to this junction box.
The cable that runs from the main distribution panel to the distribution box must withstand the total load of the outlets powered from it. Therefore, if the load on the induction cooker is an overload for a given section of the electrical wiring, then to turn it on, you should select another outlet of the appropriate load capacity.
Secondly, it is necessary to assess the technical condition of the electrical wiring. If the electrical wiring is in poor condition technical condition, then when a new load is turned on, it may be damaged (See -). In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to the condition of the cable, in particular its insulation.
A cable with copper conductors is preferable, but if old aluminum wiring is installed in the house, then there is a high probability that such a cable cannot withstand the permissible load.
It is also necessary to pay attention to the condition of the electrical wiring contact connections at the cable connection point in the home distribution panel, socket, as well as intermediate contact connections in the junction box.
For connecting an induction cooker to the network. For safe operation For an induction cooker, it must be grounded, that is, plugged into a socket with working grounding.
You also need to pay attention to the condition of the outlet. If the plug of an electrical appliance does not make good contact with the socket connectors, then the socket must be replaced.
An induction hob has more power; it is plugged into a power outlet, not a regular household outlet, designed for a current of more than 16 A.
The power socket for connecting the induction cooker is selected according to its load. The total load of an induction cooker can be on average 25-32 A, depending on the number and power of burners.
To power the induction cooker, in this case, an individual electrical wiring line must be laid. The cable cross-section depends on the load of the induction cooker: for a current of 25 A it should be laid copper cable cross section 4 sq. mm, for a load of 32 A - 6 sq. mm.
For safe operation of the induction cooker, the electrical wiring must have working protective grounding. That is, for a single-phase network, a three-core cable must be connected to connect the induction cooker. Accordingly, the purchased power socket and plug set must also have a third grounding contact.
If it is not possible to purchase a power outlet of the required power, then alternative option You can connect an induction hob installed in the installation box. The terminal block must be able to withstand the rated current of the induction cooker connected to it.
As for the cable through which the induction cooker is connected, in this case it all depends on the configuration. If the power cable is included, then it is enough to connect it to the terminal block directly on the induction cooker, and then to the purchased power plug or in the terminal block, depending on the chosen method of connecting the induction cooker.
If the cable is not included, it must be purchased separately. When purchasing a cable, you must pay attention to its cross-section - it must correspond to the load being connected. It is necessary to purchase a flexible three-core cable with a cross-section of 4 or 6 square meters. mm for rated currents of 25 and 32 A, respectively.
To avoid errors, it is recommended to connect the cable to the stove itself, as well as to the plug: brown or black - phase conductor, blue - neutral conductor, yellow-green - protective grounding conductor.
If the cable is already connected to the terminal block of the electric stove, then you need to check that it is connected correctly. The following terminal markings are usually indicated on the terminals of an induction cooker:
L - phase output or L1, L2 (L3) - phase outputs for two-phase (three-phase) connection;
N - zero output;
PE is the connection point for the protective grounding conductor.
Two-phase and three-phase connection of an induction cooker
Certain types of induction hobs may provide a two or three-phase connection to the electrical network. If the house is installed, then such an electric stove is connected, as the manufacturer recommends, to two or three phases of the electrical wiring with a four or five-core cable.
The electric stove is connected to a single-phase household electrical network with a three-core cable, and special jumpers between the phases, which are usually included, are installed in the terminal block on the induction cooker. If there are no jumpers, then the connection to two or three phase terminals is made with a wire of a cross-section corresponding to the load of the electric stove.
It should be taken into account that if the kit includes a cable for two- or three-phase connection, then it is not designed for single-phase connection, since when the induction cooker is connected single-phase, the load on the phase conductor increases to the total load of all phases.
Therefore, when using a four (five) core cable to connect to a single-phase network, two (three) phases on the plate are connected to the cable cores, and at the other end of the cable, when connected to a plug or terminal block, the phase conductors are short-circuited with each other and connected to one phase of the electrical network . Or a new three-core cable is purchased that has sufficient load capacity for single-phase connection electric stoves
The process of connecting an induction hob with an oven is no different from connecting one induction hob. The only difference is the higher power consumption, since in addition to the induction hob, oven power is added. Accordingly, it is necessary to select the correct cable cross-section, as well as a set of power sockets and plugs to connect the electric furnace to the network.
There are types of induction cooktops with ovens that limit the maximum power consumption by turning off one of the burners during operation oven. That is, you can operate all the burners of an induction cooker at the same time, but when you turn on the oven, the ability to turn on one burner is blocked. This option is most suitable for houses with a limited power limit, which does not allow the operation of sufficiently powerful electric stoves.
Protective devices
When connecting an induction cooker, it is very important to choose the right protective devices. To protect the induction cooker, as well as the power supply wiring, a circuit breaker is installed. Rated current circuit breaker selected based on the power of the induction cooker. In this case, the closest one is selected higher value current, but the characteristics of the electrical wiring are also taken into account - it must protect all elements of the electrical wiring.
To ensure the safe operation of the induction cooker, a switchboard is installed in the distribution board, which protects against electric shock, as well as fire in the event of current leakage through damaged insulation. The RCD must be designed for the rated current, taking into account the possible load on the electrical wiring lines.
For example, if a 32 A circuit breaker is installed on the line, then the RCD must be designed to operate at a higher rated current- 40 A, since the thermal release of the circuit breaker does not turn off immediately when the current exceeds 32 A, but after a certain time delay. To protect a person from negative action electric current The differential operating current of the residual current device must be no more than 10 mA.
As an alternative, it is possible to use a combined device - which performs the functions of the two above protective devices.
Andrey Povny
