We mentioned above that the configuration can be imported from a file with the .CF extension. Such a file may, for example, be given to you by a friendly company so that you can install it at home. latest version configuration and experiment with it. In such a development of events, you need to act as follows.
First, in the window you already know, which appears after starting the program (Fig. 1.1), you should click on the button Add.
IN next window select item Creating a new information base.
In the next window, you need to select the item Create an infobase without configuration to develop a new configuration or load a previously unloaded infobase.
In the next window, indicate the name of the database.
After completing the listed actions in the list information bases a new empty database will appear. Now you need to select it and click on the Configurator button. The configurator window will open (Fig. 1.8).
When you first open the window, it is empty and now we need to perform some steps to load the CF file you have into the empty configuration.
Execute menu command Configuration > Open Configuration. The program window will change - the configuration tree will open in its left part. It doesn't interest us yet. Now you can run the command Configuration > Load configuration from file. This command allows you to completely replace the existing (in our case empty) configuration with the configuration saved in the CF file. In the window that appears, Fig. 1.9, you need to specify the path to the file where the configuration you want to load is stored.
Now you just need to press a button Open and wait for the program to load the configuration. This may take quite a long time. If the system asks you questions (in particular, about updating the database configuration, about accepting changes in the structure of configuration information) - answer them in the affirmative.
In the lower left corner of the program window, service messages about the progress of the configuration update are displayed. After the update is completed (service messages about loading the database will stop), you can close the configurator window and start running the program in user mode. However, in practice the installation information base using one of the above methods usually does not limit the things that need to be done before running the configuration for the first time. In particular, we must not forget about updates.
In practice, after installing the configuration, there is usually a need to update it. Updates are distributed as files with the .CFU extension. Such a file is copied during update installation to a folder containing, in accordance with the program settings, configuration and update template files. For example, in the vast majority of cases this is the folder C:\Program Files\1cv81\tmplts\1c.
Once you have the configuration update file, you should check if it can be used to update your configuration. Usually in the files accompanying updates you can find details about which specific configuration releases they are intended to update.
Before updating the configuration, you need to create a backup copy of your information base. If you are updating a newly created information base, you can do without this step, but in order to insure against negative consequences possible failures when updating the “live” database, it is best to make a backup copy. For this you can use various methods. In particular, when using the file option information base you can simply copy the folder containing information base. You can open the configurator with the desired database and run the command Administration > Download infobase. Upload files information base have the extension .DT. To download information base, you can use the command Administration > Load infobase.
In order to update the configuration, you need to open it in configurator mode, and then run the following sequence actions.
When you have information base with a configuration that suits you, you can launch 1C:Enterprise, select the desired database in the start window and click on the 1C:Enterprise button. Usually, the first launch of a program with a new configuration takes some time - the system performs preparatory actions. In the meantime, all these actions are taking place, let's discuss some provisions regarding the features of the 1C: Accounting device.
1C:Accounting is a system designed for entering, storing and processing accounting data. For these purposes, it has a set of components ( configuration objects), which allow you to perform all the necessary operations. The main object that you will have to use when working in the program is called Document. It is with the help of documents that data enters the system. Documents are filled out by users, when they are saved, operations are carried out to enter the data of these documents into the system, and on the basis of this data, all other accounting procedures are performed.
We can say that 1C: Accounting provides for keeping records “from the document”, which, in general, is quite logical. Documents in the 1C:Accounting system are very similar to documents that any accountant has to deal with. We can say that these are electronic analogues of ordinary documents. If necessary, documents (or rather, their printed forms) can be printed on a printer. An object Document log used to group similar documents and performs functions similar to a folder in which ordinary paper documents are stored.
Any accounting department deals not only with documents. As you know, documents, or, as they are usually called in accounting practice - primary accounting documents(or even just “primary”) is only a source of accounting information. Automated accounting is no exception. After the document is entered into the system, it generates movements according to registers. This rather complicated phrase for a beginner, in fact, only means that data from documents (usually processed in a certain way) is recorded in special tables called registers. There are several types of registers.
Accumulation registers are used to accumulate any information, usually in numerically. For example, to store data about the arrival of goods at the warehouse and their departure with the possibility of obtaining balances and turnover.
Information registers can be used to store information that changes over time. For example, in such a register it is quite possible to record the price of goods received from suppliers in order to analyze changes in their value over time.
Accounting registers designed for accounting purposes.
Calculation registers are needed to perform settlement operations, for example - to calculate wages employees of the organization. In configuration Enterprise accounting calculation registers are not used, but if you are going to do programming for the 1C:Enterprise platform in the future, you need to at least know about their existence.
Not only documents and registers are intended for organizing accounting. Let's list some more system objects that you will have to deal with.
To store data that changes very rarely, or, ideally, does not change at all, Constants. For example, a constant can store the configuration version number and the currency of regulated accounting.
To store various reference information they use Directories. Thus, directories can store information about the organization’s employees, materials and goods, contractors, etc.
System objects with a self-explanatory name Reports used to obtain various reports. And the so-called Treatments- to perform various operations with data.
In subsequent lectures we will look at the details of these objects.
In this lecture we looked at some general features systems 1C:Enterprise 8.1., talked about the platform and configurations, looked at the features of implementing 1C: Accounting from the user’s point of view, prepared for implementation practical work with the configuration, creating a new one information base. This lecture was your first introduction to system objects. In the next lecture we will take a closer look at the system.
How to create a database in 1C version 8.2 from a template or standard configuration? Many people know how to create an empty database (if not, then there is such information on the Internet). But how to create an empty database with a certain configuration (for trade, payroll, or for any other type of company activity?), for me this was not a big question, but still a question. There is a lot written on the Internet about this, if you have a disk with ITS or standard configurations have already been installed, then everything is simple, launch 1C, click the “add” button, select the “Create a new information base” item and the “Next” button. After this, we should see templates on the basis of which we can create a database (if we have them installed from the ITS disk or requested from the organization serving us in part 1C), but what if this is not the case? what to do? where to run? 
As they say, all is not lost. If you have existing databases, salaries or management, or anything else, and you need to make exactly the same (or many) empty information database (without data), fortunately for us this is not a problem. And so, why do we need a standard configuration? Essentially, a configuration is a set of parameters, rules (call it whatever you want), which exist in the database in the form of a directory, agents, etc. So, the configuration gives us these same “chips”, because an empty database without configuration means nothing and is essentially given for free; 1C sells configurations. How can we make a standard configuration based on an already existing information base? We launch 1C, select the database we are interested in (I will do this using the salary database as an example) and click the “Configurator” button. 
Next, the configurator window opens in front of us. "Configuration" tab - "Database configuration" - "Save database configuration to file..." 
Enter any file name and save it (for me it’s “conf_zup.cf”) 
That's it, we have received the configuration, now we create an empty information base, select it and go to the configurator. Having entered the configurator of an empty database, the window title will look like this: “Configurator - configuration”, which means that this database has an empty configuration. Now we need to load the configuration we just created into this database. Everything seems to be simple here, click the “Configuration” tab and it seems like the “Load configuration from file...” item, but it’s not active! 
To do this, click on the "Configuration" tab - "Open configuration" And now, go to the "Configuration" tab and select "Load configuration from file..." and select our previously created configuration file. 
The progress bar at the bottom of the window will show the progress of work as a percentage. Upon reaching 100%, the question “Update the database configuration” will be asked; we answer in the affirmative. 
And after this, a window with “Reorganization of information” may appear in which you need to click the “Apply” button. 
After this, our “dancing with diamonds” is over, please note that if the whole process was successful, the window title changed from “Configurator - Configuration” to the name of the new database configuration (for me it is) “Configuration - Salary and Personnel Management, edition 2.5” . That's all. Write your solutions and don’t be lazy, it will come in handy in the future.
