This article will help the owner of a regular or special vehicle to correctly determine the final amount of tax on it, since the amount of payment directly depends on the code of the type of vehicle indicated in the declaration in 2019.
When accountants prepare a transport declaration, they often encounter difficulty in determining the code of the type of vehicle in the reporting year. There is always a fear of making a mistake.
First of all, it helps to set the transport code:
Keep in mind: only from the specified Application it is necessary to select a code belonging to any type of owner’s transport.
If the data from the registration certificate is not entirely sufficient to accurately determine the type of vehicle (for example: truck/tractor/truck crane), you should consult with the appropriate mechanical specialists. Their consultations will help highlight the technical features of the vehicle and clarify unclear points.
When the accountant has received more complete information about the transport unit on the balance sheet, its features and characteristics have become known, then he must again look at Appendix No. 5 and select the code for the type of this transport.
Codes of vehicle types for transport tax declaration | |
---|---|
Code for tax purposes | Category t/s |
Aircraft | |
Aircraft | |
411 12 | passenger airplanes |
411 13 | cargo planes |
411 20 | Other aircraft |
411 21 | firefighting aircraft |
411 22 | emergency service aircraft |
411 24 | other aircraft |
Helicopters | |
412 12 | passenger helicopters |
412 13 | cargo helicopters |
412 20 | Other helicopters |
412 21 | firefighting helicopters |
412 22 | emergency service helicopters |
412 24 | other helicopters |
413 00 | Aircraft without engines |
Air vehicles for which jet engine thrust is determined | |
414 01 | jet powered aircraft |
Other aircraft | |
419 01 | other aircraft with engines |
Water vehicles | |
Sea and inland navigation vessels | |
420 10 | Passenger and cargo sea and river self-propelled vessels (except those included under code 421 00) |
420 12 | passenger sea and river vessels (except those included under code 421 00) |
420 13 | sea and river self-propelled cargo vessels (except those included under code 421 00) |
420 30 | Sports, tourist and pleasure boats |
420 32 | self-propelled sports, tourist and pleasure craft (except those included under codes 422 00, 423 00 - 426 00) |
420 33 | non-propelled sports, tourist and pleasure boats |
421 00 | Motor ships |
422 00 | Yachts |
423 00 | Boats |
424 00 | Jet skis |
425 00 | Motor boats |
426 00 | Sail-motor vessels |
427 00 | Non-self-propelled (towed) vessels |
427 01 | non-propelled passenger and cargo sea and river vessels |
428 00 | Watercraft without engines (except rowing boats) |
429 10 | Other self-propelled water vehicles |
429 11 | fire ships |
429 12 | emergency service vessels |
429 13 | medical service court |
429 14 | other water vehicles |
Other non-propelled water vehicles | |
429 21 | other non-propelled water vehicles for which the gross tonnage is determined |
429 22 | other non-propelled water vehicles |
Ground vehicles | |
510 00 | Passenger cars |
510 03 | medical service cars |
510 04 | other passenger cars (except those included under codes 566 00, 567 00) |
520 01 | Trucks (except those included under code 570 00) |
Tractor, combines and special vehicles | |
530 01 | agricultural tractors |
530 02 | other tractors |
530 03 | self-propelled combines |
530 04 | special vehicles (except those included under code 590 15) |
530 05 | other tractors, combines and special machines |
Buses | |
540 01 | medical service buses |
540 02 | city and intercity buses |
540 03 | other buses |
Motor vehicles | |
561 00 | Motorcycles |
562 00 | Scooters |
566 00 | Motor sleigh |
567 00 | Snowmobiles |
570 01 | Other self-propelled vehicles, machines and mechanisms on pneumatic and tracked tracks (except those included under codes 530 01 - 530 05) |
Other vehicles | |
590 10 | Special vehicles |
590 11 | fire trucks |
590 12 | vehicles for cleaning and cleaning cities |
590 13 | emergency service vehicles |
590 14 | medical service vans |
590 15 | special vehicles (milk tankers, livestock tankers, special vehicles for transporting poultry, vehicles for transporting mineral fertilizers, veterinary care, maintenance) |
590 16 | other special vehicles on the chassis of which various equipment, units and installations are installed |
Keep in mind: This is a completely new list of codes that has been in effect since the 2017 report.
In practice, most often an accountant needs a vehicle type code for a passenger car. As can be seen from the table, its vehicle type code is 510 00.
Other passenger cars are shown with the vehicle type code 510 04 (except for motor sleighs and snowmobiles). That is, the choice of code must be made according to the principle of exclusion.
If your vehicle is not a motorcycle, not a motor scooter, not a motor sleigh, or a snowmobile, then the vehicle type code is 570 01. It is intended for other self-propelled vehicles, pneumatic and tracked machines and mechanisms.
Also, according to the exclusion principle, one must approach the vehicle type code 590 16. These are other special vehicles on the chassis of which various equipment and units are installed (see the last part of the table).
Apparently, since 2017, all general purpose trucks have a vehicle type code of 520 01.
For a long time, it was not clearly clear what type of vehicle code a forklift had. There are no official explanations from officials on this matter yet. In our opinion, code 590 16 is most suitable for forklifts.
In the transport tax report, the vehicle type code appears in only one place - this is Section 2, where calculations are carried out for each vehicle.
The payment of tax for it depends on how correctly the transport code is determined. The fact is that the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation establish the amount of tax based on these codes. And when the transport code is determined incorrectly, the payment amount will be lower than expected or, conversely, will be overpriced. This is the reason for the scrupulous approach to determining the characteristics of each unit of transport and clarifying its code.
So, when determining the transport tax code, an organization needs:
This approach will allow you not to remain in the dark for the next year. Although over time the codes may be revised, but not so radically.
If you are going to fill out a transport tax return, you will have to indicate the exact code of your vehicle. But before we look at the transport codes in force this year, it makes sense to consider in more detail the concept of “transport category”.
In order not to make a mistake when specifying the vehicle type code in 2016, you should understand which category exactly your “iron” horse belongs to. So, the tax code distinguishes the following transport categories:
When determining the transport category, you should also pay attention to the information provided in the technical passport. Thus, according to the data in the PTS, the following transport categories are distinguished:
Category B deserves special attention, because many motorists are confident that only passenger vehicles can belong to this category. But this opinion is erroneous, since category B can be assigned to a truck without any problems. In this case, next to the letter “B” a “cargo” mark is made.
You cannot do without a vehicle code when making a purchase and sale transaction. The seller is required to fill out a tax return and pay tax to the state on the profit. The vehicle type code is indicated in the second section of the declaration, on line 030. The table below lists all current vehicle codes for the current year.
Code | Type of vehicle |
401 00 | Air transport |
410 00 | Aircraft |
411 00 | Aircraft |
411 10 | Airplanes used to transport cargo and passengers |
411 11 | Cargo and passenger aircraft |
411 20 | Other types of aircraft |
411 21 | - aircraft used by fire services |
411 22 | — aircraft that are at the disposal of emergency services |
411 23 | — aircraft that are at the disposal of medical personnel |
412 00 | Helicopters |
412 10 | Helicopters that transport passengers and cargo |
412 11 | Passenger and cargo helicopters |
412 20 | Other types of helicopters |
412 21 | Helicopters designed to extinguish fires |
412 22 | Helicopters used for emergency technical work |
412 23 | Helicopters at the disposal of medical personnel |
412 24 | Other types of helicopters |
413 00 | Air-type equipment that operates without an engine |
414 00 | Aircraft powered by a jet engine |
419 00 | Other types of air transport |
419 01 | - other types of air transport that run on an engine |
402 00 | Water technology |
420 00 | Transport of marine type and for inland navigation |
420 10 | Marine and river equipment intended for passenger flights and cargo transportation |
420 11 | Marine and river equipment that is not included in the previous group |
420 20 | Marine and river-type equipment that is used exclusively for industrial purposes |
420 21 | — self-propelled equipment intended for industrial purposes |
420 22 | - non-self-propelled transport used in industry |
420 30 | Sea transport intended for leisure of tourists |
420 31 | - boats that are driven by oars or boats whose power does not exceed 5 horses |
420 32 | – self-propelled transport for tourists’ leisure time |
420 33 | - non-self-propelled type of equipment for tourists’ leisure time |
421 00 | Motor ships |
422 00 | Yachts |
423 00 | Boats |
424 00 | Jet skis |
425 00 | Boats with motors |
426 00 | Marine sailing transport with motor |
427 00 | Towed transport |
427 01 | — passenger and cargo mode of transport |
428 00 | Water-based vehicles without an engine (but this does not include boats that are steered with oars) |
429 00 | Other types of water transport |
429 10 | Another type of self-propelled watercraft |
429 11 | - equipment that is at the disposal of fire service workers |
429 12 | - transport that is intended to perform technical and emergency activities |
429 13 | - equipment used by medical workers |
429 14 | - other vessels |
429 20 | Other types of non-self-propelled vehicles |
429 21 | - equipment for which the gross tonnage value is known |
429 22 | – other types of transport |
500 00 | Ground vehicles |
510 00 | Passenger cars |
510 01 | - cars that are adapted to allow a person with disabilities to drive |
510 02 | - a car issued by social authorities with a power of up to 100 hp. With. |
510 03 | – passenger cars for medical staff |
510 04 | — other types of passenger transport |
520 00 | Trucks |
520 01 | - all types of trucks, not including the equipment referred to under code 570 00 |
530 00 | Special transport |
530 01 | — tractors for agricultural work |
530 02 | – other types of tractors |
530 03 | — self-propelled combine harvesters |
530 04 | - special type equipment that does not belong to code 590 15 |
530 05 | – other types of special equipment |
540 00 | Buses |
540 01 | – buses for medical purposes |
540 02 | — buses for transporting passengers |
540 03 | – other types of buses |
560 00 | Motor vehicles |
561 00 | Motorcycles |
562 00 | Scooters |
566 00 | Motor sleigh |
567 00 | Snowmobiles |
570 00 | Other types of self-propelled pneumatic and caterpillar vehicles |
590 00 | Other vehicles |
590 10 | Special types of cars |
590 11 | - cars for fire fighters |
590 12 | - vehicles for cleaning populated areas |
590 13 | — a car for emergency technical activities |
590 14 | – medical vans |
590 15 | – vehicles for transporting animals and their products |
590 16 | - transport on chassis |
A transport tax declaration is a form that is filled out by organizations that have transport on their balance sheet. In the material you will find general rules for reporting, deadlines for its submission and a sample for filling out for organizations.
The document is filled out by organizations - owners of vehicles, which must transfer this fee in accordance with Chapter 28 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and the laws of the constituent entities of the federation.
The declaration is submitted to the tax authorities at the location of the vehicles (in accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 363.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) or at the place of registration of the largest taxpayer (in accordance with paragraph 4 of the same article).
The fee is regional, so rates vary in Russian cities.
At the end of 2018, deputies are considering a bill abolishing the transport declaration. However, even if it is adopted, these changes will come into force only next year - so it is necessary to report for 2019 in any case.
Submit transport tax returns for 2018 no later than February 1, 2019. If it coincides with a weekend, the deadline is postponed to the first subsequent working day. There will be no postponements this year: the deadline falls on Friday - 02/01/2019.
The form of the document, electronic format and filling procedure are approved by Order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated December 5, 2016 N ММВ-7-21/.
The tax return was submitted for the first time for 2017 using this form. At the end you will be able to download the current form.
Legal entities that pay transport tax must submit reports in the form of declarations before February 1 of the year following the reporting year. Otherwise, the fine will be 5% of the tax amount not paid on time for each full or partial month of delay in submitting the declaration.
The fine cannot be:
The document contains a title page and two sections: “The amount of tax to be paid to the budget” and “Calculation of the amount of tax for each vehicle.”
It is more convenient to first draw up a title page, then a second section for each car, and only then add up the total amount in the first section. In this order, we will tell you how to fill out the transport tax return for 2018. Example - with two t/t funds; if you have more, then first fill out section two for each taxable object, and then summarize the indicators in the first section.
We will look at the procedure for filling out a transport tax return in 2019 using a specific example.
Alpha LLC is registered in St. Petersburg, is engaged in the wholesale trade of flour and pasta, and owns one Scania R420 truck - it has been owned for 6 years. Local law in St. Petersburg establishes advance payments for this tax. However, in our case, the amounts of advances do not play a role, since they are not taken into account when paying tax on trucks (see Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated January 26, 2017 N 03-05-05-04/3747).
Alpha LLC is a Russian company that is not a major taxpayer. Enter code 260.
Vehicle name |
|
Aircraft |
|
Aircraft |
|
passenger airplanes |
|
cargo planes |
|
Helicopters |
|
passenger helicopters |
|
cargo helicopters |
|
Water vehicles |
|
Sea and inland navigation vessels |
|
Passenger and cargo sea and river self-propelled vessels (except those included under code 421 00) |
|
sea and river self-propelled cargo vessels (except those included under code 421 00) |
|
Sports, tourist and pleasure boats |
|
self-propelled sports, tourist and pleasure boats (except those included under codes 422 00, 423 00 - 426 00) |
|
Jet skis |
|
Motor boats |
|
Ground vehicles |
|
Passenger cars |
|
Trucks (except those included under code 570 00) |
|
Tractor, combines and special vehicles |
|
agricultural tractors |
|
self-propelled combines |
or by lines
Line 190 = page 090 x page 170 x page 150 x page 160 x page 180
Let's calculate the tax amount for our example:
If the organization owns a car, the declaration must be filled out in the same way, but with minor differences. What exactly to pay attention to:
Filling out section 1 of the transport tax return for 2018 occurs last. The form provides 3 blocks of lines from 020 to 040 to reflect records for different OKTMO. If an organization pays tax on all machines according to the same OKTMO, only one such block is filled in.
In our example, the Scania R420 is a heavy truck registered in the Platon system. In this case, the amount of advance payments for transport tax takes the value “0”, and if the declaration is filled out only for such a truck, then dashes can be entered. Also, indicators are not filled in if advance payments are not provided for by regional legislation.
In our case, the amount will be duplicated from line 021 of section 1 and line 300 of section 2.
Please note: if a negative value is obtained, it is entered in line 040 (without the minus). In this case, no tax is paid at the end of the year, but the declaration is submitted in any case.
When preparing a transport declaration, accountants have difficulties with how to determine the vehicle type code in 2016. How to avoid making mistakes when defining code, what you need to follow when defining it, and what will help you with this in addition to the instructions, is discussed in this article.
In order to determine the vehicle type code, you will need a PTS and Appendix 5 to the Procedure, approved by order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated February 20, 2012 No. ММВ-7-11/99. It is from this that you should select the code corresponding to your vehicle. If the full characteristics of the vehicle are not clear to you from the passport, you will need the help of the organization’s technicians or mechanics to advise you on unclear points related to the characteristics of the vehicle. Having understood the characteristics of the vehicle and found out its design features, select the corresponding vehicle type code in Appendix No. 5.
The choice of vehicle type code directly affects the amount of transport tax payable to the budget. By law of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, transport tax rates are established depending on the vehicle code. If the code is incorrectly determined and the incorrect tax rate is taken into account, the calculated tax may be overestimated or, conversely, underestimated. Therefore, the selection of a vehicle type code should be approached responsibly.
In accordance with clause 5.3 of the Instructions for filling out a transport tax return, approved by order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated February 20, 2012 No. ММВ-7-11/99, the vehicle type code in 2016 is entered in line 030 of Section 2 “Calculation of the amount of transport tax for each vehicle" transport tax declaration.
For example, the vehicle type code is 52001, assigned to trucks.
Passenger cars (except for medical vehicles, motorized sleds and snowmobiles) correspond to code 51004, and passenger cars of medical service - code 51003.
Discussions about what code should be assigned to a forklift continued for several years. According to the latest opinion, which is taken into account when filling out the declaration, a forklift can be classified as other vehicles with code 590 00. This is justified by the fact that forklifts are not vehicles that are grouped into a separate subsection “Vehicles” (code 15 0000000) in OKOF codes. In the OKO 013-94B directory, they are included in the subsection “Machinery and Equipment” (code 14 0000000) OKOF under code 14 2915540. Therefore, as the vehicle type code for tax purposes for a forklift, you can select code 590 00 “Other vehicles”. There is still no official position of officials on this issue.
Loader (not auto-) belongs to code 57001 “Other self-propelled vehicles, pneumatic and tracked machines and mechanisms.”
This code includes:
The organization owns a vehicle UAZ 22069-04, vehicle type - "Other special vehicles" (type code 59016), category - "B" (8 seats without a driver), 84 liters. With. How to calculate transport tax correctly?
Transport tax is a regional tax. It is established and put into effect by the Tax Code and the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and is obligatory for payment on the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation * (1).
On the territory of the Altai Territory, the calculation and payment of transport tax are carried out on the basis of the Law of the Altai Territory dated 10.10.2002 N 66-ЗС “On transport tax on the territory of the Altai Territory”.
The object of taxation is, in particular, cars and buses registered in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation * (2). The tax rate for these vehicles is determined depending on their category per one horsepower of engine power *(3).
The Tax Code does not provide for a mechanism for distributing vehicles by category. Methodological recommendations for the application of Chapter 28 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation * (4) establish that when determining the category of vehicles one should be guided by:
All-Russian Classifier of Fixed Assets OK 013-94 (OKOF)*(5);
Convention on Road Traffic (Vienna, 08.11.1968)*(6) (hereinafter referred to as the Convention).
At the same time, according to the financial department, OKOF does not contain criteria sufficient to classify the vehicles listed therein into the appropriate categories, and is not a regulatory document. Therefore, it can be used for the purposes of applying Chapter 28 “Transport Tax” of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation only to the extent that does not contradict the Convention *(8).
For your information. The Convention was ratified by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated April 29, 1974 N 5938-VIII. According to international obligations, the Russian Federation is the legal successor of the Soviet Union*(9). Consequently, Russian legal acts in the field of road traffic must take into account the provisions of the Convention.
Thus, the tax authorities and the Russian Ministry of Finance believe that for the purposes of Article 361 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the distribution of vehicles into categories should be based on the description of categories A - D given in the Convention *(10).
Annex 6 to the Convention establishes the following categories of vehicles:
A - motorcycles;
B - vehicles (excluding vehicles mentioned in category A) whose permissible maximum weight does not exceed 3500 kg (7700 lb) and the number of seats in addition to the driver's seat does not exceed 8;
C - vehicles intended for the carriage of goods whose permissible maximum weight exceeds 3,500 kg (7,700 lb);
D - vehicles intended for the carriage of passengers and having more than 8 seats in addition to the driver's seat;
E - combinations of vehicles with a tractor belonging to category B, C or D, which the driver has the right to drive, but which are not themselves included in one of these categories or in these categories.
Original source:
“A vehicle type approval is a form of conformity assessment of a vehicle type in accordance with international practice, as well as a document of the same name, issued upon positive results of the conformity assessment.”
Rules for carrying out work in the certification system of motor vehicles and trailers, approved. Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated April 1, 1998 N 19
From this document, category data is transferred to the vehicle passport (PTS), which is issued by the manufacturer.
The regulation on vehicle passports and vehicle chassis passports * (11) provides that line 4 “Vehicle category (A, B, C, D, trailer)” of the passport indicates the category that corresponds to the vehicle classification established by the Convention. The transfer of the category indicated in the vehicle type approval to a category according to the classification of the Convention is carried out in accordance with the Comparative Table of Vehicle Categories...*(12).
For example, vehicles of category "B" (according to the classification of the Convention) include mechanical vehicles both for the transport of passengers, having at least 4 wheels and no more than 8 seats (except for the driver's seat) (passenger cars), and for the transport of goods, maximum whose weight does not exceed 3.5 tons (cargo)*(13). Therefore, this category can be equally assigned to both cars and trucks.
Line 3 “Name (vehicle type)” indicates the characteristics of the vehicle, determined by its design features and purpose and given in the vehicle type approval * (14), for example: “Car”, “Bus”, “Cargo - dump truck, - van, - cement truck, - crane, etc.
However, the type of vehicle indicated in the passport (special, special passenger, etc.) may not coincide with the name of the taxable objects (cars, trucks, buses, etc.) established by Article 361 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.
In accordance with the Industry Standard OH 025 270-66 “Classification and designation system of automotive rolling stock...” and the Regulations on vehicle passports, line 2 “Make, model of vehicle” of the passport indicates the symbol of the vehicle. It consists of letters, numbers or a mixture of them.
The first digit indicates the vehicle class:
By engine displacement - for a passenger car;
Overall length - for a bus; - by gross weight - for a truck.
The second digit is the vehicle type (type of car):
1 - passenger car;
2 - bus;
3 - cargo flatbed vehicle or pickup truck;
4 - truck tractor;
5 - dump truck;
6 - tank;
7 - van;
8 - reserve digit;
9 - special vehicle.
That is, the first two digits of the index (22) indicated in the PTS of the UAZ-22069-04 vehicle, assigned on the basis of the Industry Standard, are deciphered as “extra small bus up to 5 meters.”
This position was previously confirmed by the Ministry of Finance and the Moscow Tax Service. True, they based their explanations on information received from Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant OJSC * (16).
Reference. In the Altai Territory, the tax rate for a bus with an engine power of up to 130 hp. With. is 50 rub. for each horsepower*(17).
Competent opinion
With the question of what type of vehicle the UAZ 22069-04 belongs to, we turned to the Department of Legal Regulation, Interdepartmental Cooperation and International Cooperation of the Road Safety Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Here's what they told us:
In accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 15 of the Federal Law of December 10, 1995 N 196-FZ “On Road Traffic Safety,” the admission of vehicles intended for participation in road traffic on the territory of the Russian Federation is carried out by registering them and issuing the appropriate documents.
A vehicle passport is a document valid on the territory of the Russian Federation for registration and authorization of vehicles for operation. The PTS also confirms the presence of a vehicle type approval (Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated April 1, 1998 N 19), which is directly indicated in the vehicle passport.
When registering a UAZ-22069-04 car with the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the issued PTS must indicate category “B” and type “special passenger”.
On the website of OJSC "Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant" (http://www.uaz.ru/club/readinghall/) the operating manual for UAZ RE 05808600.104-2006, second edition, 2007 is posted. It states that the UAZ-220694 car (and its modifications) is a special passenger vehicle with a carriage-type body divided into a double cabin and a passenger compartment. The car is designed to transport passengers. Paragraph 21 of the manual states that UAZ-220694 cars are prohibited from being used as a public vehicle (bus).
At the same time, the existing arbitration practice is contradictory. Thus, some arbitration judges believe that the Industry Standard OH 025 270-66 was developed for use in automotive industry enterprises and regulates legal relations not related to taxation. Therefore, the application of the transport tax rate for the UAZ-22069-04 car as for a passenger vehicle is legal * (18).
In another case, taking into account that in the PTS for the UAZ-22069 car in the line “Name (vehicle type)” it says “special passenger”, the court came to the conclusion that on the basis of such a passport it is impossible to determine whether it belongs to cars, trucks or buses. controversial vehicle. And since all irremovable doubts, contradictions and ambiguities in acts of legislation on taxes and fees are interpreted in favor of the taxpayer, the company had the right to apply the transport tax rate as for passenger vehicles *(19).
To be fair, we note that in a number of cases judges consider it legitimate when determining transport tax rates to be guided by information received from the manufacturer * (20), as well as the entire set of available documents, including the Industry Standard * (21).
Thus, the transport tax for the UAZ 22069-04 car should be calculated at the rates established for the bus. If you apply the rate for a passenger car, then this right will have to be defended in court.
L.P. Boyko,
leading expert of expert consulting