The President of the Russian Federation is also the guarantor of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen and the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Since May 7, 2012, Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin has been the President of the Russian Federation.
With the adoption on December 25, 1991 by the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of the law on renaming the state to the Russian Federation and the introduction by the Congress of People's Deputies of the relevant amendments to the Constitution of the RSFSR on April 21, 1992 (which entered into force on May 16, 1992), the modern name of the post was established - President of the Russian Federation.
In accordance with clause 2 of part 3 of article 104 of the then-current Constitution of 1978 (as amended), the definition of internal and foreign policy Russia was under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress of People's Deputies, and not the president, since the principle of separation of powers was generally denied when building government bodies in the form of soviets.
The president was largely dependent on the legislative branch of power, represented at the republican level alone (that is, not including federal and local legislative bodies) by three rule-making bodies - the Congress of People's Deputies, the Supreme Council and the Presidium of the Supreme Council. President Yeltsin's desire to strengthen the executive branch and political disagreements between the president and the legislature led to the constitutional crisis of 1992-1993, the dispersal of the Congress of People's Deputies and the Supreme Soviet of Russia, and the establishment of a regime of personal power for the President of Russia in late 1993.
The legal status of the President of the Russian Federation is enshrined in the articles of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Along with the powers of the head of state, the President of the Russian Federation has the right to chair meetings. The President of the Russian Federation can give instructions to the government, he also manages individual federal executive bodies.
"The President of the Russian Federation may decide on the resignation of the government of the Russian Federation" ().
Thus, the election of the President of the Russian Federation with its program can be called the “election of the executive branch” at the federal level.
Towards legislature The president, like the government, has the right to initiate legislation. However, the government submits to the Duma bills relating to its competence (mainly the budget), and the president submits bills relating to all aspects of public life. He addresses the Federal Assembly with annual messages on the situation in the country, on the main directions of state policy (), including legislative policy (recommends the adoption of certain laws).
The President of the Russian Federation submits to the Federation Council candidates for the appointment of judges of the Constitutional and Supreme Courts, as well as a candidate Attorney General, proposes his release, appoints judges of other federal courts, appoints and dismisses High Command of the Armed Forces, appoints and recalls the ambassadors of the Russian Federation, accepts credentials and recall letters of foreign ambassadors.
The President of the Russian Federation has immunity (), which is different from the concept of "personal immunity", provided for all citizens of the Russian Federation by Article 22 of the Constitution, but not specified by the legislation of the Russian Federation. It is believed that immunity means the impossibility of bringing the president to criminal or administrative liability or applying any coercive measures against him (interrogation, etc.).
The exact procedure for the election of the President of the Russian Federation is determined federal law dated January 10, 2003 No. 19-FZ "On the election of the President of the Russian Federation".
According to article 36, clause 1 of this law (as amended in 2012), for registration, a candidate must submit to the Central Election Commission (CEC) at least 300 thousand (for self-nominated candidates) or 100 thousand (for candidates from parties not represented in parliament) signatures of citizens of the Russian Federation who support it (in 2012 - 2 million signatures) . The law allows you to bring them with a margin of 5%. The CEC must verify at least 20% of the signatures chosen at random. If the amount of marriage exceeds 5%, then another 10% of signature sheets are additionally checked. Candidates who submitted signature lists without sufficient stock may be prevented from registering even with a lower rejection rate, since one of the grounds for refusing registration is if the number of signatures, minus the rejected ones, is less than the number required by law.
The President of the Russian Federation is elected by the citizens of the Russian Federation on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot ().
“I swear, when exercising the powers of the President of the Russian Federation, to respect and protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, to observe and protect the Constitution of the Russian Federation, to protect the sovereignty and independence, security and integrity of the state, to faithfully serve the people.”
The oath is taken in a solemn atmosphere in the presence of members of the Federation Council, deputies State Duma and judges of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.
Based on the fourth chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the President of Russia exercises the following powers:
In the process of exercising his powers, the President of the Russian Federation issues decrees and orders that are binding on the entire territory of the Russian Federation. Decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation must not contradict the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws.
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 12, 2008 No. 724 defines the federal executive bodies, the management of which is directly carried out by the President of the Russian Federation, as well as federal services and federal agencies subordinate to these federal executive bodies:
The activities of other federal executive bodies are managed by the Government of the Russian Federation.
The daily activities of the president are provided by his administration. The president also has a number of commissions and councils.
After the abolition of this law by decrees of the President of the Russian Federation No. 319 of February 15, 1994 "On the standard (flag) of the President of the Russian Federation", No. 1138 of August 5, 1996 "On the official symbols of presidential power and their use when taking office of the newly elected President of the Russian Federation”, and No. 906 of July 27, 1999 “On approval of the description of the symbol of presidential power - the Sign of the President of the Russian Federation”, the symbols of the president approved the presidential standard, the presidential sign and a special copy of the Constitution of Russia.
After the decree and about. President of the Russian Federation No. 832 dated May 6, 2000 “On Amendments and Additions to Certain Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation”, a special copy of the Constitution lost the official status of the symbol of the President of Russia.
At the beginning of 2009, only four objects had the status of a residence officially assigned to the President of Russia:
The working residence of the President of the Russian Federation in the Kremlin is located in the building of the Senate. In the 14th building of the Kremlin, next to the Spassky Gates, from 1991 to 2015, the second working office of the president was located. When the President of the Russian Federation is in his working residence in the Kremlin, the presidential standard rises above the Grand Kremlin Palace.
For receiving guests highest level are used:
When traveling or relaxing, the president also uses informal residences:
In St. Petersburg, the president has two working offices:
Self-nominated, non-partisan, without the support of any party
Supported by the Democratic Party of Russia
Nominated by the United Russia party
| № | The president (Years of life) |
Photo | Presidency term | Length of reign | Party membership | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin (1931-2007) |
July 10 | August 9 | 3096 days | non-partisan CPSU (-) |
|
| August 9 | 31th of December | |||||
| 2 | Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (b. 1952) |
 |
May 7 | May 7 | 2922 days | nonpartisan, CPSU (early 1970s -); Chairman of the WFP "United Russia" (-, was not a member) |
| May 7 | May 7 | |||||
| 3 | Dmitry Anatolievich Medvedev (b. 1965) |
 |
May 7 | May 7 | 1461 days | nonpartisan, CPSU (-); United Russia (since 2012) |
| 4 | Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (b. 1952) |
 |
May 7 | May 7 | 2191 days | nonpartisan, CPSU (early 1970s -); Chairman of the WFP "United Russia" (-, was not a member) |
| May 7 | Current president Term expires May 7, 2024 |
|||||
According to Art. 92 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, if the president is unable to fulfill his duties, they are temporarily performed by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation - the acting president of the Russian Federation.
This law establishes legal, social and other guarantees for the President of the Russian Federation, who has terminated the exercise of his powers due to the expiration of his term in office or ahead of schedule in the event of his resignation or persistent inability for health reasons to exercise his powers, and members of his family:
TASS-DOSIER. April 24, 2016 marks the 25th anniversary of the establishment by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) of the post of President of the country.
The institution of the presidency in Russia dates back to March 15, 1990. On this day general secretary The Central Committee of the CPSU Mikhail Gorbachev was elected President of the USSR at the Third Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies.
On June 12, 1990, the I Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR adopted a declaration on the state sovereignty of Russia. Initially, the congress spoke out against the introduction of the post of president in the republic. However, then, at the initiative of a third of the people's deputies (as required by the Basic Law), the issue of establishing such a position was submitted to an all-Russian referendum.
The corresponding vote took place on March 17, 1991, simultaneously with the all-union referendum on the preservation of the USSR. In total, 101 million 776 thousand 550 people were included in the voter lists. Of these, 76 million 425 thousand 110 (75.09%) took part in the referendum. 53 million 385 thousand 275 people (69.85%) voted for the introduction of the post of president of the republic, 21 million 406 thousand 152 (28.01%) were against. 1 million 633 thousand 683 ballots (2.14%) were declared invalid. Voting was not held in the North Ossetian, Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Tuva Autonomous Republics, whose authorities boycotted the referendum.
On April 24, 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR approved the results of the plebiscite: the laws "On the President of the RSFSR" and "On the Election of the President of the RSFSR" were adopted. On May 24, 1991, appropriate changes were made to the then-current Constitution of 1978.
According to the law, the President was the highest official and head of the executive branch in the country. A citizen of the republic no younger than 35 and no older than 65 could be elected to this post. The presidential term was five years.
At the same time, the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR had much greater powers than the head of the republic. According to Art. 104 of the Constitution, the highest authority in Russia was the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR. His exclusive jurisdiction included the determination of domestic and foreign policy; adoption of the Constitution and amendments to it; a change in the national-state structure of the republic, as well as the election of the Constitutional Court of the RSFSR. In addition, the congress could cancel any acts of the highest official of the republic. The president could appoint the head of government, as well as dissolve the cabinet of ministers, only with the consent of the Supreme Council. He had no right to dissolve the Congress of People's Deputies and the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, as well as to suspend their activities.
Election of the first Russian President were held on June 12, 1991. They were won by Boris Yeltsin, who won 57.38% of the vote.
On December 25, 1991, the RSFSR was renamed the Russian Federation by the decision of the Supreme Council, the president of the RSFSR became known as the president of the Russian Federation.
On December 9, 1992, the 7th Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation expanded the powers of the Russian parliament. It was established that the Supreme Council gives its consent not only to the appointment by the president of the head of government, but also of four key ministers: foreign affairs, defense, security, and internal affairs. At the same time, the parliament received the right to appoint the chairman of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. In Art. 121-6 of the Basic Law, which stated that the powers of the president cannot be used to dissolve or suspend the activities of elected bodies of state power, were also amended. According to the amendment, in case of violation of this article, the president's powers "are terminated immediately."
In 1992-1993 A sharp confrontation unfolded between Russian President Boris Yeltsin and the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation. The head of state sought to eliminate constitutional restrictions on his powers. Parliament, in turn, opposed the socio-economic and foreign policy pursued by the president and his team. The deputies also refused to retain the emergency powers granted to the head of state in the fall of 1991 to carry out economic reform.
On September 21, 1993, the President of the Russian Federation issued Decree No. 1400 "On a phased constitutional reform", which dissolved the Congress of People's Deputies and the Soviets, and called elections to a new parliament - the Federal Assembly. Rallies of supporters of the Congress of People's Deputies for two weeks met with forceful opposition from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which took the side of President Yeltsin. On October 4, 1993, troops loyal to Boris Yeltsin, after tank shelling, stormed the parliament building and arrested Alexander Rutskoi, Ruslan Khasbulatov and other opposition leaders. During the October events, more than 140 people were killed, several hundred were injured.
On December 12, 1993, a popular vote was held on the draft of the new Constitution. According to the CEC, 106 million 170 thousand 835 people were included in the voter lists. 58 million 187 thousand 755 (54.81%) voters took part in the voting. Of these, 32 million 937 thousand 630 (58.43%) voted for the adoption of the Basic Law. "Against" were 23 million 431 thousand 333 (41.57%).
In the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993, the powers of the President were significantly expanded. The Basic Law proceeds from the dominant position of the first person in the system government agencies power, which is reflected even in the sequence of chapters of the Constitution: chapter 4 "President of the Russian Federation" precedes chapter 5 "Federal Assembly". According to Article 80 of the Basic Law, the president received the status of "head of state", "guarantor" of the Constitution, as well as the rights and freedoms of man and citizen. It occupies a special place in the system of state authorities and is not directly included in any of its branches.
In the Basic Law, the competence of the president includes the determination of Russian domestic and foreign policy. His decrees and orders are binding on the entire territory of the Russian Federation. Also, the head of state received the right to single-handedly decide on the resignation of the government (appointment of the prime minister still takes place with the consent of parliament). In addition, the president submits to the State Duma a candidate for appointment to the post of chairman of the Central Bank, to the Federation Council - candidates for appointment to the position of judges of the Constitutional Court.
The tenure of the first person in power in 1993 was reduced to four years. The right to be elected to this post was given to citizens of the Russian Federation not younger than 35 years old, permanently residing in the country for at least 10 years. According to paragraph 3 of the Final and Transitional Provisions of the Constitution, President Boris Yeltsin exercised his powers until the end of his original term, that is, until 1996 (he was re-elected in the same year).
On December 31, 1999, Boris Yeltsin announced his resignation and assigned the duties of head of state to Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.
In 2000, Vladimir Putin was elected President of Russia, and was subsequently elected in 2008 and 2012.
In the 2000s A number of amendments to the Basic Law were adopted, which expanded the powers of the head of state. In accordance with the changes made to the Constitution on December 30, 2008, the presidential term was extended to six years (starting with the 2012 elections).
In 2014, the head of state received the right to appoint no more than 10% (or 17 people) of the members of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation. In addition, in accordance with the amendments to the Constitution, he began to submit to the upper house of parliament candidates for the appointment of judges of the Supreme Court, as well as candidates for the post of Attorney General and his deputies.
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev He was elected President of the USSR on March 15, 1990 at the Third Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR.
On December 25, 1991, in connection with the termination of the existence of the USSR as a state entity, M.S. Gorbachev announced his resignation from the post of President and signed a Decree on the transfer of control of strategic nuclear weapons Russian President Yeltsin.
On December 25, after Gorbachev's resignation, the red state flag of the USSR was lowered in the Kremlin and the flag of the RSFSR was raised. The first and last President of the USSR left the Kremlin forever.
The first president of Russia, then still the RSFSR, Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin was elected on June 12, 1991 by popular vote. B.N. Yeltsin won in the first round (57.3% of the vote).
In connection with the expiration of the term of office of the President of Russia, Boris N. Yeltsin, and in accordance with the transitional provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the election of the President of Russia was scheduled for June 16, 1996. It was the only presidential election in Russia where it took two rounds to determine the winner. The elections were held on June 16 - July 3 and were distinguished by the sharpness of the competitive struggle between the candidates. The main competitors were the current President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin and the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation G. A. Zyuganov. According to the election results, B.N. Yeltsin received 40.2 million votes (53.82 percent), well ahead of G. A. Zyuganov, who received 30.1 million votes (40.31 percent). 3.6 million Russians (4.82%) voted against both candidates .
December 31, 1999 at 12:00 Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin voluntarily ceased to exercise the powers of the President of the Russian Federation and transferred the powers of the President to Prime Minister Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. On April 5, 2000, the first President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, was presented with certificates of a pensioner and labor veteran.
December 31, 1999 Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin became acting president.
In accordance with the Constitution, the Federation Council of the Russian Federation has set the date for holding extraordinary presidential elections March 26, 2000.
On March 26, 2000, 68.74 percent of the voters included in the voting lists, or 75,181,071 people, took part in the elections. Vladimir Putin received 39,740,434 votes, which amounted to 52.94 percent, that is, more than half of the votes. On April 5, 2000, the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation decided to recognize the elections of the President of the Russian Federation as valid and valid, to consider Putin Vladimir Vladimirovich elected to the post of President of Russia.
The name of Boris Yeltsin is forever associated with Russian history. For some, he will remain just the first president of the country. Others will remember him as a talented reformer who radically changed the political and economic systems of the post-Soviet state.
The official biography of Boris Yeltsin says that his homeland is the village of Butka, located in the Sverdlovsk region. It was there, according to this source, that he was born on February 1, 1931.
But many researchers actively dispute this fact. Indeed, in this place, which is considered the birthplace politician, was a maternity hospital. And his family lived in another place - the nearby village of Basmanovo. This is the reason for the fact that the sources contain the name of both the first and the second settlement.
The parents of the one who was the first president of Russia were simple villagers. My father was a builder, who in the thirties came under repression and for a very long time was in Soviet camps. There he served his sentence. Having fallen under an amnesty, he returned to his native village, where at first he was an ordinary builder, and after a while he took the post of head of a construction plant.
The mother of a politician was a simple dressmaker.
9 years after the birth of the boy, the family moved to the city of Berezniki. Here he began to walk high school. The future first president of Russia was for a long time. But it is extremely difficult to call him an exemplary student. Teachers remembered him as a pugnacious and restless boy.
Because of the presence of these qualities in the life of Boris Nikolayevich, the first serious problem arose. While playing with their peers, the future famous politician found an unexploded German grenade. This find interested him very much, and he made an attempt to disassemble it. As a result, Boris Yeltsin lost several fingers on his hand.
Later, this became the reason that the well-known first president of Russia never served in the army. After leaving school, he became one of the students of the Ural Polytechnic Institute, which he successfully graduated and received the specialty of a civil engineer. Despite the missing fingers on his hand, Boris Nikolaevich became a master of sports in volleyball.
After graduating from university, the future president of Russia became an employee of the Sverdlovsk construction trust. It was here that he first became a representative of the CPSU party, which had a positive effect on his promotion career ladder. At first Chief Engineer, and soon the director of the Sverdlovsk DSK, Boris Nikolayevich, quite often attended various party congresses.
In 1963, at one of the meetings, he became a member of the Kirov District Committee of the CPSU. And after a while, Boris Yeltsin represented the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU. His party position included overseeing housing construction issues. But the career of the future great politician was rapidly gaining momentum.
In 1975, the one who was the first president of Russia, holds the post of secretary of the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the CPSU. And after only a year, he already owned the chair of the chief secretary of this political organization. This position belonged to him for nine years.
During this time, issues directly related to the provision of food were resolved in the Sverdlovsk region. There was an abolition of tickets for milk and other types of goods, some poultry farms and farms began to work. In addition, it was because of the initiative of Boris Yeltsin that the construction of the subway in Sverdlovsk began. Cultural and sports complexes were also built.
After this time, Yeltsin becomes a representative, and over time he is appointed to the post of People's Deputy and Chairman
Being the de facto leader of Soviet Russia, he very seriously and categorically criticized communist system which his voters could not fail to notice. In addition, the future president earned respect among them after signing the Declaration of Sovereignty. This document legally secured the supremacy of Russian laws over Soviet ones.
When on December 8, 1991, SSR President Mikhail Gorbachev was isolated and effectively removed from power, the future first president of Russia, the leader of the RSFSR, was one of the signatories of the treaty. This event took place in Belovezhskaya Pushcha with the assistance of the leaders of Ukraine and Belarus.
It was the beginning of the career of the leader of independent Russia.
After the collapse of the USSR, a lot of problems arose in the Russian state, the solution of which fell on the shoulders of Boris Yeltsin. During the first years of independence, there were numerous problematic economic phenomena, sharp appeals from the population. The name of the first president of Russia is inextricably linked with the bloody military conflicts that began at that time on the territory of the Russian Federation and beyond its borders.
The conflict with Tatarstan was resolved peacefully. At the same time, the settlement of the issue with the Chechen people, who want to get rid of the status of a federal autonomous republic and part of the Russian Federation, could not do without armed conflicts. Thus began the war in the Caucasus.
Availability a large number problems significantly lowered Yeltsin's rating. But despite this, in 1996 he still remained president for a second term. His competitors then were V. Zhirinovsky and
The country continued to experience many crises related to the political and economic systems. The first president of Russia was ill, his rating did not rise. The combination of all these factors led to the fact that on December 31, 1999, Boris Yeltsin resigned. After him, the chair was taken by Vladimir Putin.
After his resignation, the great politician was destined to live only eight years. His heart disease has passed into the chronic stage. This provoked the death of the great on April 23, 2007. The first president of Russia Yeltsin B.N. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery, which is located on the territory of Moscow.
Nowadays, there is a university named after the first president of Russia.
Presidential Election - 1991
On June 12, 1991, presidential elections were held in the RSFSR. It was the only election in which citizens voted for president and vice president in the same column, following the American model. Many candidates for the post of head of state were nominated, but in reality only 10 couples submitted documents to the CEC. Boris Gromov, who later went "number two" under Nikolai Ryzhkov, initially ran for the main position, as did Albert Makashov's "partner" - Alexei Sergeev.
Pairs of candidates had to submit 100,000 signatures to the CEC. Everyone did it, except for Vladimir Zhirinovsky, who took advantage of a legitimate opportunity and asked for the support of people's deputies. In order for Zhirinovsky to become a candidate, at least 20% of the elect had to support him.
Candidates:
for president - Boris Yeltsin, 60 years old, chairman Supreme Council RSFSR; vice-president - Alexander Rutskoi, 43 years old, chairman of the committee of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, colonel - non-partisan, with the support of democratic forces;
for president - Nikolai Ryzhkov, 62, former chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR; vice-president - Boris Gromov, 47, First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, People's Deputy of the USSR, Colonel General, - Communist Party of the RSFSR;
for president - Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 45 years old, politician; vice-president - Andrei Zavidia, 38 years old, president of the Galand concern, - LDPSS;
for president - Aman Tuleev, 47, chairman of the Kemerovo Regional Council of People's Deputies, people's deputy of the RSFSR; vice-presidents - Viktor Bocharov, 57 years old, head of the Kuzbassshakhtostroy plant, people's deputy of the RSFSR, - non-party;
for the presidency - Albert Makashov, 53, commander of the Volga-Urals military district, people's deputy of the USSR, colonel general; vice-president - Aleksey Sergeev, 60 years old, head of the department of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, - Communist Party of the RSFSR;
for president - Vadim Bakatin, 53 years old, former minister internal affairs of the USSR; for vice-president - Ramazan Abdulatipov, 44 years old, chairman of the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, - non-party.
Elections were held on majority system absolute majority.
Turnout was 74.70%.
On July 10, 1991, Boris Yeltsin became president of the RSFSR, and Alexander Rutskoi took over as vice president.
Presidential Election - 1996
The first round took place on June 16. The CEC has registered 78 initiative groups for the nomination of presidential candidates. 16 groups were able to collect the one million signatures required by law. As a result, the Central Electoral Commission registered nine candidates, seven were rejected. Six of them appealed the decision to the Supreme Court, which eventually ruled that two more be registered. One of the candidates was Aman Tuleyev. On the eve of the elections, he withdrew his candidacy and called on his supporters to vote for Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov.
Candidates:
Boris Yeltsin, 65, current president of Russia;
Gennady Zyuganov, 51, Communist Party;
Alexander Lebed, 46, Congress of Russian Communities;
Grigory Yavlinsky, 44, Yabloko party;
Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 50 years old, Liberal Democratic Party;
Svyatoslav Fedorov, 68, ophthalmologist, Workers' Self-Government Party;
Mikhail Gorbachev, 65 years old ex-president THE USSR;
Martin Shukkum, 44, Socialist People's Party;
Yuri Vlasov, 60 years old, weightlifter, ex-deputy of the State Duma;
Vladimir Bryntsalov, 59, businessman, Russian Socialist Party.
The turnout in the first round was 69.81%.
To win in the first round, a candidate had to get 50% of the votes. Since none of them could do this, a second round was announced, which took place on July 3, 1996.
During the second there, the turnout was 68.88%.
Boris Yeltsin was re-elected President of Russia for a second term.
Presidential Election - 2000
December 31, 1999, at new year's eve, Boris Yeltsin announced his resignation, half a year before the end of his presidential term. In accordance with the law, in this case, early elections were to be held within three months. On January 5, 2000, the Federation Council scheduled the vote for March 26. The CEC registered 28 initiative groups that nominated candidates for the post of head of state. Another five were nominated by electoral associations. The number of required signatures due to the tight deadlines for filing documents was halved - from a million to 500,000 signatures. 15 headquarters were able to present them. As a result, the CEC registered 12 people. Five days before the election, one of the contenders, Yevgeny Sevastyanov, withdrew his candidacy in favor of Yabloko leader Grigory Yavlinsky.
Candidates:
Vladimir Putin, 47, Prime Minister of Russia, self-nominated;
Gennady Zyuganov, 55 years old, Communist Party;
Grigory Yavlinsky, 47, Yabloko party;
Aman Tuleev, 55, Governor of the Kemerovo Region, self-nominated;
Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 53, Liberal Democratic Party;
Konstantin Titov, 55, Governor of the Samara Region, Russian Party of Social Democracy, Union of Right Forces;
Ella Pamfilova, 46, socio-political movement "For Civil Dignity";
Stanislav Govorukhin, 64, film director, Fatherland - All Russia party;
Yuri Skuratov, 47, former Russian Prosecutor General;
Aleksey Podberezkin, 47 years old, socio-political movement "Spiritual Heritage";
Umar Dzhabrailov, 41, businessman.
On March 26, 2000, the elections took place. Vladimir Putin, having overcome the 50% threshold, was elected President of the Russian Federation.
The turnout was 68.64%.
Presidential Election - 2004
A feature of the 2004 presidential elections was that the leaders of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and the Liberal Democratic Party, Gennady Zyuganov and Vladimir Zhirinovsky, did not participate in them. Instead, the parties nominated "newcomers": Nikolai Kharitonov and Oleg Malyshkin. Yabloko leader Grigory Yavlinsky also did not run. As a result, the CEC registered six candidates. Another six failed to register: multimillionaire, chairman public organization"All-Russian Party of the People" Anzori Aksentiev-Kikalishvili; businessman Vladimir Bryntsalov; ex-head of the Central Bank, nominated by the Party of Russian Regions (now A Just Russia), Viktor Gerashchenko; public figure Ivan Rybkin; chairman social movement"For social justice" Igor Smykov and odious businessman German Sterligov.
Candidates:
Vladimir Putin, 51, acting president of Russia, self-nominated;
Nikolai Kharitonov, 55 years old, Communist Party of the Russian Federation;
Sergei Glazyev, 43, self-nominated;
Irina Khakamada, 49 years old, Union of Right Forces, Our Choice;
Oleg Malyshkin, 52, LDPR;
Sergei Mironov, 51, Chairman of the Federation Council, nominated by the Russian Party of Life.
The turnout was 64.38%.
Presidential Election - 2008
According to the Russian Constitution, Vladimir Putin could no longer run for the presidency of the country. He officially supported the nomination of the United Russia candidate, Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, for the post of head of state. This choice was supported by the parties "Fair Russia", "Civil Force", "Agrarian Party" and "Greens". The CEC has registered four presidential candidates. Refusals were received by 14 people, including the leader of the Russian People's Democratic Union and the party "People for Democracy and Justice" Mikhail Kasyanov. Marriage in signature sheets, which he submitted to the CEC, amounted to 13.36% instead of acceptable level at 5%. Garry Kasparov, one of the leaders of the Other Russia coalition, was also not registered. The congress of the initiative group nominating him did not take place.
Candidates:
Dmitry Medvedev, 42, First Deputy Prime Minister, United Russia Party;
Gennady Zyuganov, 63 years old, Communist Party;
Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 61, LDPR;
Andrey Bogdanov, 38, self-nominated, supported by the Democratic Party of Russia;
According to PACE representatives, the results of the 2008 elections reflect the will of the people. “The people of Russia have voted for the stability and continuity that is associated with the incumbent president and the candidate he supports. The elected president will have a solid mandate from the majority of Russians,” observers from the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe stated.
Turnout was 69.6%.
Presidential Election - 2012
March 4, 2012 held regular presidential elections in Russia. Dmitry Medvedev decided not to participate in the elections, Vladimir Putin became the main candidate for the post of head of state. In total, the Central Electoral Commission registered five candidates. Refusals due to violations of the procedure received, among others, the leader of the unregistered party "Other Russia" Eduard Limonov and a member of the political committee of "Yabloko" Grigory Yavlinsky.
Candidates:
Vladimir Putin, 59, non-partisan, nominated by United Russia;
Gennady Zyuganov, 67 years old, Communist Party;
Mikhail Prokhorov, 46, businessman, self-nominated;
Vladimir Zhirinovsky, 65, Liberal Democratic Party;
Sergei Mironov, 59, A Just Russia.
In all subjects of Russia, Vladimir Putin took first place. Moreover, in Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia and several other regions, he received more than 90% of the vote. Only in Moscow did Putin fail to overcome the 50% barrier, gaining 46.95%.
The election results were announced on 5 March. On the same day, President-elect Vladimir Putin was congratulated by the leaders of Syria and Iran, Bashar al-Assad and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. On March 10, the head of state received congratulations from the owner of the White House, Barack Obama. On May 7, 2012, the president officially took office.
