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Smolensk direction of the Moscow Railway- (also Belorusskoe, Mozhaiskoe) railway lines to the west of Moscow. The main route to Smolensk and further to the border with Belarus (to Krasnoye station). The length of the main passage is 490 km. Suburban commuters follow the Smolensk direction... ... Wikipedia
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Yaroslavl direction of the Moscow Railway- p·o·... Wikipedia
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Savyolovskoye direction of Moscow Railways- Savelovskoe direction of the Moscow Railway, a railway line north from Moscow. The main passage to Savelovo station (Kimry city) is 128 km long. The only operating branch to Dubna station, its length is 51 km. Line in... ... Wikipedia
Moscow's Savelovsky Station is the only one in the metropolis that serves only suburban routes. This is a very popular area of passenger transportation, since many workers in the capital live outside the city. The information desk at Moscow's Savyolovsky Station and the company's telephone numbers provide detailed information about all electric trains and directions.
The station is located just outside the Third Ring Road, not far from the street. Sushchevsky Val. The address of Moscow's Savelovsky Station consists of the square of the same name. Savelovskaya with building number 2. Nearby there is an overpass with a complex transport interchange. The closest neighbors of the terminal are: the Temple of Faith, Hope, Love and Sofia, the Sovenok-3 supermarket, and the Computer store.
The website of Moscow's Savyolovsky Station provides complete information about the trains running. There are five platforms and 11 paths for their adoption. Previously, this place was called Butyrskaya, and was located outside the city. But as the capital expanded, the name of the station and its role changed.
Now the station is a three-story building in the Art Nouveau style, with straight lines and wide cornices. Recently the façade has been painted white and orange. Above the central entrance there is a small arched window and a rectangular roof tower. The interior is dominated by brown colors on the walls and ceiling.
The schedule of the Savelovsky railway station in Moscow includes information about the movement of 99 electric trains on this line, and about 30 more trains in the Belarusian direction. The last long-distance trains were transferred to other stations in 1999, and since then only electric modes of transport have operated here.
From the station you can travel daily to the following settlements:
The Moscow train schedule at the Savelovsky station includes information about movement on the fifth platform, which since 2011 has been serving the Belorussian direction. Since 2005, separate express trains have been running to Sheremetyevo Airport.
Aeroexpress trains running to Lobnya and the airport depart regularly and are very convenient for transporting passengers and luggage. Inside there are beautiful soft seats with armrests and wide screens for broadcasting information. Some of the cars are allocated for shelves for things.
In 2002, the youngest station in Moscow, Savelovsky, celebrated its 100th anniversary, the only Moscow station whose name was given not by the city, but by the village.
The initiator of the construction of the Savelovskaya line was Savva Ivanovich Mamontov, Chairman of the Board of the Moscow-Yaroslavl Railway Society, famous industrialist and philanthropist. Largely thanks to his energy, the concession for the construction of the road, originally issued to another private company - the Second Society of Access Roads, was transferred to Yaroslavka.
In 1897, the Moscow-Yaroslavl-Arkhangelsk Railway, having received the highest permission, began research and then the construction of a new line from Moscow to the village of Savelovo, which is located on the banks of the Volga opposite Kimry. The new line was not very long - 130 km, but promising. The trading village of Kimry was famous at that time for its master shoemakers. Nearby stood the ancient city of Kashin. In the future, it was planned to extend the road to Kalyazin, Uglich and Rybinsk.
For the construction of the Savelovskaya line, a special department was created “under the supervision of the work manager, engineer K.A. Savitsky.” The road was supposed to be single-track, the capacity was two pairs of passenger trains and five freight trains per day, the average speed was 20 versts per hour.
The paths were on both sides - from Moscow and from Savelov. Rails were used only from domestic factories - Putilovsky, Yuzhno-Dneprovsky, Bryansk. Construction began with the laying of a connecting branch from the 10th verst of the Moscow-Yaroslavl railway, from the sorting tracks of the Losinoostrovskaya station to the Beskudnikovo station, from where, in fact, the Savelovskaya road was supposed to begin.
The question also arose about the future station. The location for the station was chosen on the outskirts, near Butyrskaya Zastava, where the price of land was low. The Savelovskaya line was extended from Beskudnikovo station to Kamer-Kollezhsky Val. Having received permission from the Moscow City Duma after numerous delays, the builders brought sand, stone and other materials to the Butyrskaya outpost. The construction of the building was planned to be completed by the winter of 1899. However, the work was unexpectedly suspended, since the Vindavo-Rybinsk Railway offered the board of the Moscow-Yaroslavl-Arkhangelsk Road Society to buy from them a section of the Savelovskaya road from Beskudnikovo station to Savelov. The proposed new owners were going to build the passenger station in another place.
Meanwhile, by the beginning of 1900, the main work on the Savelovskaya branch was completed, and a temporary movement was opened. Trains to Savelov departed from the Yaroslavl station, which caused significant inconvenience to passengers: having reached the “10th verst post” along the Yaroslavl road, they were forced to transfer to the carriages of the Savelovskaya road.
In the summer of 1900, the Moscow-Yaroslavl-Arkhangelsk road was transferred to the treasury, and the sale of the Moscow section of the Savelovskaya line to the Vindavo-Rybinsk railway did not take place.
In September 1900, construction of the station resumed. The work was supervised by engineer A.S. Sumarokov. There is an assumption that it was he who became the author of the project. The station building was quite modest, not even having a main entrance, mostly one-story and only two-story in the center to accommodate service apartments. Separately from the passenger station, a so-called military barrack was set up, which was significantly larger in size than the station building. It was supposed to house a temporary passenger station. At some distance the cargo yard also spread out its tracks.
Construction work was completed by the spring of 1902. On Sunday, March 10 (old style), the station, named Butyrsky, was consecrated and the first train departed from it. “The new station building,” Moskovsky Leaflet wrote then, “and the entire station yard in the morning were decorated with flags and garlands of greenery, in which the main entrance was buried. At about 12 o’clock in the afternoon, a service train arrived from the Yaroslavl station with officials and invited representatives from other railways. The celebration began with a prayer service in the 3rd class hall in front of the shrines from the local church. At the end of the prayer service and sprinkling of the building with holy water, all those present were invited to the 1st class hall, where champagne was served."
Regular train service began. At first, there were two pairs of trains per day: a passenger train departed at 10:35 am, and a mail train departed at 7:30 pm.
The construction of the railway line and station transformed the life of a quiet corner of Moscow from Novoslobodskaya Street to Maryina Roshcha on the one hand, and to the Butyrsky Farm and Petrovsko-Razumovsky, where previously only cab drivers, craftsmen and gardeners lived, on the other. Not far from the station, industrialist Gustav List built a new factory with a workforce from the suburbs in mind. Moscow homeowners, in anticipation of an influx of guests, built about 30 new houses in the district, and land prices rose sharply.
Let us remember that the station was built outside the city outpost, that is, outside of Moscow. However, the Moscow City Duma, realizing the prospects opening up for this area, drew up documents in mid-1899 for a new distinction between the city and the district, and since 1900, part of the suburban lands became part of Moscow. Thus, residents of the suburban settlement of Butyrki became Muscovites thanks to the railway and the station.
Long years Butyrsky Station (later renamed Savelovsky) successfully carried out its work, but as transportation grew, especially suburban ones, it began to lag behind the times and fell into disrepair. In the 80s of the 20th century, a decision was made to overhaul and restore it. The project was prepared by the team of the Moszheldorproekt Institute under the leadership of Y.V. Shamraya. The work took several years. Train traffic did not stop; ticket offices operated in temporary premises.
On September 1, 1992, 90 years after its construction, the renewed and rejuvenated station opened its doors again. It became two-story, but retained the same architectural appearance. Today, Savelovsky Station is a modern passenger complex offering railway passengers a wide range of services.
The following publications were used in preparing the material:
1. History of railway transport in Russia. T. I: 1836-1917 - St. Petersburg, 1994.
2. Railway transport: Encyclopedia. M.: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 1994.- 559 pp.: ill.
3. Moscow railway. Through the years, across distances./Ed. I. L. Paristogo.-M.: "Railway Transport", 1997.
4. Stations of Russia. Children's Encyclopedia, N 11.- 2001.
Project by local historian Alexey Molchanov (Kimry)
First, a little history of the railway itself:
The railway line from Moscow to Savelovo began to be built at the end of the 19th century on the initiative of Savva Mamontov, shareholder and director of the Moscow-Yaroslavl Railway Company and a famous philanthropist. The line was opened in December 1900 on the Beskudnikovo - Savelovo section and was initially connected to the Moscow-Yaroslavl Railway via the Beskudnikovskaya branch. The Moscow - Beskudnikovo section appeared in March 1902 (the delay was due to the choice of the site for the construction of the station). The Verbilki - Bolshaya Volga branch opened in the early 1930s, was dismantled during the war, restored in the 1950s and extended to Dubna in 1969.
Well, we come to the Svelovsky station, board the train to the very last station and hit the road. 32 stops await us. The phrase sounds: - “NEXT STOP “TIMIRYAZEVSKAYA”, CAUTION, THE DOORS ARE CLOSING.” By the way, this phrase, “beware the doors are closing...” appeared not so long ago, and the railway workers adopted it from metro workers in the 70s. Initially, the drivers stretched their hand up and said the phrase: “READY, THE TRAIN IS DEPARTURE...” And so, let's go!
Stop point "Timiryazevskaya"
It bears its name, like the metro station of the same name, from the Moscow region located here. The current Timiryazevsky district in the north of Moscow is, first of all, the Agrarian University. K. A. Timiryazeva. The entire history of the area has been associated with this educational institution for a century and a half. This university received its current name in 1923 from the famous physiologist, naturalist and founder of the Russian and British scientific schools of plant physiologists Kliment Arkadyevich Timyazev. The surname Timiryazev goes back to the eastern male name Timir-Gaza, or more precisely to its colloquial form Timiryaz. Timir-Gaza is formed from the Tatar word timir, which translated into Russian means “iron, iron” and the Arabic gazi - “warrior, warrior”. Thus, this name literally translates to “iron warrior.”
Stop point "Okruzhnaya"
Everything is much simpler here; because it is located near the intersection with the Moscow Circular Railway. And then it turned out funny: after many years, the Moscow Circular Railway (current MCC) became a passenger railway, and the platform on it was named after the nearby platform.
Stop point "Degunino"
The platform got its name from the village of Degunino, located nearby. As for the toponym “Degunino” itself, there is no clear opinion, although many scientists explain the origin of the name from the word “degun” (in the languages of the Baltic peoples it meant “scorched earth”). Perhaps this was the name of the black cultural layer - a characteristic feature of an ancient settlement that existed here for a long time.
Station "Beskudnikovo"
It got its name from the village that was once located here. The original name of the village - Bezkunnikovo - is associated with the word "kun", which in the old days meant money. The dictionary of the Old Russian language gives a derivative word from it “bezkunny”, that is, without money. However, it could have another meaning. The fact is that in the XV-XVI centuries. The word "kun" also referred to certain types of taxes. At that time, peasants were not yet serfs. The government and private owners, settling empty lands with strangers, usually exempted them for some time from paying taxes.
In the archival materials of Academician S.B. Veselovsky makes a remark that the village of Beskunnikovo could have received its name either from the special position of its first inhabitants, freed from the “black kunas,” or from its owners who belonged to the noble family of Beskunnikov, which later disappeared.
Stop point "Lianozovo"
Named after the village, now a district, in the north of the capital, located between the Moscow Ring Road (MKAD), the Savelovskaya railway and two other microdistricts - Altufev (in the northeast) and Bibirev (in the southeast). However, sometimes Lianozovo and Altufyevo are perceived as a single whole, and there are good reasons for this. The fact is that the last owner of Altufyev from 1888 to 1917 was a major entrepreneur Georgy Martynovich Lianozov. At his expense, a holiday village was built between the village of Altufev and the Savelovskaya railway, which later became part of the present Lianozov. In the history of Moscow, this is a rather rare case when the name of an oil industrialist, an undoubted opponent of the new government in Russia, turned out to be immortalized. However, even now, more than 100 years after the October Revolution, in Moscow there is the Lianozovo district and the Savyolovskaya railway station of the same name; An electromechanical plant, a sausage factory, a dairy plant, and a recreation park bear the name of Lianozov.
Mark station
The most frequently flown station in our direction! This is due to the fact that there are no large residential areas here, just a large flea market, now in its place there is a road to the Severny microdistrict. And so the station is actively used by freight trains.
It was named in honor of the German industrialist Mark Hugo Mavrikeyevich, a major host and philanthropist. G. M. Mark was a co-owner of the trading house in the form of a general partnership "Wogau and Co", which turned into the largest commercial and industrial complex, numbering about 20 enterprises throughout the Russian Empire. G.M. Mark actively invested his capital in the construction of the Savelovskaya line in order to expand his business thanks to the settlements that this road would connect.
Stop point "Novodachnaya"
The first stop after we left the aisles of the capital. This station appeared not so long ago. Opened in 1964, named after the village of Novodachnaya, which was previously located on this territory.
The area around Dolgiye Ponds became a summer cottage in those years. Near one of them, the Dolgoprudnaya stop appears, around which the village gradually begins to grow. Soon the so-called “new dachas” appear - somewhat closer to Moscow, near which the Novodachnaya stopping point appears.
Stop point "Dolgoprudnaya" and the city "Dolgoprudny"
This is the first large city we meet outside of Moscow. Formed in 1931 as a station village. City status was obtained in 1957.
The history of Dolgoprudny begins with the Vinogradovo estate, now included in Moscow. The estate has been known since 1623, when, under Boris Godunov, who was elevated to the vacated Russian throne, it belonged to his sworn enemy, the disgraced Gabriel Grigorievich Pushkin, the ancestor of the legendary poet. In 1638, the estate was inherited by the grandson of Gabriel Grigorievich, Matvey Stepanovich Pushkin, who owned it for half a century until he was exiled by Peter I for the participation of his son Fyodor in the Streltsy revolt. Fedor was hanged, and his father was exiled to Siberia. This was the end of the Pushkins’ ownership of the Vinogradovo estate. From those distant times, only the foundation of the temple and the Long Ponds, built for fish breeding and other economic needs, have survived to this day. The ponds received this name due to their great length and bizarre shape. It was along Dolgiye Ponds that in 1900 the Dolgoprudnaya platform of the Savelovsky railway direction was named, which later gave the name to the new city of Dolgoprudny.
Stop point "Vodniki"
It was named in 1945 after the nearby village of Vodniki. Former name - 19 km. After the canal was put into operation, ship repair workshops were opened, which received the name Khlebnikovsky after the nearby railway station. They were led by riverman A.I. Shemagin. A very difficult task immediately fell upon his shoulders: within a short time, not only to organize the conversion of former warehouses into the premises of mechanical and woodworking shops, to expand the channel of the Klyazma, thus preparing a place for the wintering of ships, to begin the construction of a power plant, but also to create conditions for living shipyard workshop workers and their families. For this purpose, the barracks barracks, which previously housed prisoners - canal builders, were converted. Several of them were converted into a primary school, a nursery, a store, and a first aid station and a bathhouse were opened. This is how a working settlement began to form with the name “Second section of Moscow-Volgostroy”, which was popularly called the “village of water workers”, the name stuck, and in 1937 it was given a new name - Vodniki. For the convenience of its population, a railway platform was built, which since 1945 has been called “Vodniki”.
Stop point "Khlebnikovo"
It was named after the village of the same name, which was once located here.
The origin of the name Khlebnikovo is still unclear. The ancient cities of Moscow, which emerged in 1147 and Dmitrov in 1154, were connected by the Dmitrovsky tract, which passed through the Klyazma River. It becomes clear that already in the twelfth century there was a settlement for transportation across the river. The Dmitrovskaya road originated from the Resurrection Gate of the Moscow Kremlin. For the Moscow principality, Dmitrov was the closest port. Well, if we assume that the first trade routes “from the Varangians to the Greeks” passed along rivers, perhaps warehouses for transported grain “bread” arose on the banks of the Klyazma, which became the root of the name “Khlebnikovo”.
Stop point "Sheremetyevskaya"
It is logical to assume that the stop got its name from the airport located nearby. But in fact, everything is the other way around. Sheremetyevo Airport was named after two nearby objects - the Sheremetyevsky residential village and the Savyolovskaya railway station of the same name. In these places were the possessions of the Sheremetev counts.
The surname Sheremetyev itself goes back to a nickname that has Turkic roots. According to one version, it means “having a quick, easy step,” or “rough, quick-tempered, hot.” Perhaps it came from the Chuvash language, where there is a word seremet - “poor, unfortunate, pitiful, worthy of pity.”
There is also a hypothesis that translated from Turkish this name means “man of lion’s courage.” Finally, it cannot be ruled out that the surname Sheremetyev is derived from the Turkic proper name Serimbet, which literally means “worthy of praise.” Later, under the influence of the Ukrainian language, this surname acquired its modern form: Sheremet.
Station and city "Lobnya"
And so, we arrive at the second major city on our way! He became large not so long ago. In 1902, the Lobnya railway station was opened. The station was named after the Lobnenka River, a station village began to form around it; in the 1911 directory it was called the “Lobnya dacha area.” There are several versions about the origin of the name of the village, and then the city. According to one of them, in ancient times there was a place of execution here, where robbers who plied their trade on the highway from Moscow to the Bolshaya Volga (today's Rogachevskoye Highway) were brought for execution. Hence the name of the Lobnenka River, once full-flowing, but now a small stream, which is mentioned in the Watch Books of the Patriarchal Treasury Order of 1680.
The second version is more prosaic. According to it, the name of the city comes from the Baltic loba, lobas valley, river bed. Lobnya received city status in 1961, uniting several villages and hamlets under its jurisdiction. This place was promised more than 6,000 years ago. The first organized settlements appeared here in the 4th millennium BC, as evidenced by archaeological finds. Fortified settlements were built by the Finno-Ugric peoples in the first millennium BC. In the 9th century the Vyatichi and Krivichi came here. The first mention of the inhabitants was preserved in the spiritual charter of Prince Ivan Kalita dated 1339. In the 16th-17th centuries, villages and hamlets were included in the Seletsk tithe of the Moscow district.
Depot station
Everything is more than clear here. It got its name from the Lobnya Motor Carriage Depot, located here. The history of this enterprise begins in 1957, when all locomotive workers and part of the locomotives themselves were transferred to the newly built repair shops of the depot near the working village of Lobnya from the Moscow Butyrskaya depot, otherwise the depot was closed and ceased to exist. Since then, the depot has served all trains from the Savelovsky and Belarusian directions. In 2017, the Lobnya depot celebrated its anniversary - 60 years since its foundation. Congratulations!
Stop point "Lugovaya"
“Don’t forget... Lugovaya station!” - the 1966 film tells us a story where the name of this station is mentioned. But in fact, the events of this film unfold not here, but in Eastern Ukraine. The directors took the Lozovaya station near Kharkov as a basis and simply changed its name a little.
But still, our Lugovaya can rightfully be called one of the most beautiful and picturesque stations in the Savelovsky direction. The platform is located near the village of the same name. This name is not connected at all with the area where it is located (although the nature here is very beautiful), but with the educational institution formed in this village. In 1913, on the initiative of the founders of domestic grassland farming, Professors V. Williams and A. Dmitriev, the creation of an educational and demonstration farm for courses in grassland farming and the formation of the village of Kachalkino began on the site of the Kachalkinsky state forest dacha. The organization in Kachalkino becomes the first station in Russia to study forage plants and fodder area. In 1922, it was transformed into the State Meadow Institute (now the All-Russian Research Institute of Feeds named after V.R. Williams). In 1944, the main part of the Lugovaya dacha settlement was laid out to the east of the platform, in which, in particular, a village school and club were built. Thus, the main city-forming object in this area becomes not an industrial enterprise, as is often the case, but an educational institution. The village "Kachalkino" is renamed "Lugovaya".
Stop point "Nekrasovskaya"
Located near the village of Nekrasovsky. The platform arose in 1960 on a six-kilometer section between the Lugovaya platform and Katuar station. A petition with a request to build a platform was written to the Ministry of Railways of the USSR by Hero of the Soviet Union, ace pilot Alexey Maresyev, who lived nearby in the village of Nekrasovsky at his dacha, and whom local residents approached on this issue.
The origin of the name “Nekrasovsky” is shrouded in darkness. In the reference book “Geographical names of the Moscow region: toponymic dictionary” (author E.M. Pospelov) he wrote this: - “It is generally accepted that the name was given in honor of the Russian poet N.A. Nekrasova [Russian. speech, 1978, 4:123], although there is no official indication of the memorial nature of the name.”
The very name of the great Russian poet is derived from the ancient Russian non-ecclesiastical male personal name Nekras - “ugly”, “terrible”. The name was given out of superstition - in order to deceive the “evil spirits”. These are the names of many peoples with the meaning “freak”, “tail” and the like; there are also Scoundrels.
Catuar station
The station owes its exotic name to a merchant and industrialist of French origin, Lev Ivanovich Catuar. At the beginning of the 20th century, he owned ceramic factories here and donated his funds for the construction of the station. Catuar took an active part in the design and construction of the Savelovskaya branch, for which the station was named after him. A small settlement arose near it, which grew over time and in 1954 received the status of an urban-type settlement. From the Soviet years, I think many of you still remember cheap ceramic tiles from the Catuara factory. So this very plant was created in the pre-revolutionary years by Lev Ivanovich and initially specialized in the production of bricks, which were very cheap and accessible. Perhaps there are Catuara bricks in the historical buildings of Kimry... Then the plant began to specialize more in the production of ceramics. Now the plant no longer exists, but the name of its owner continues to live.
Stop point "Trudovaya"
It was opened in 1954. New names of stations and stopping points, both on the Savelovskaya line itself and on the Verbilki - Bolshaya Volga branch, speak of the enthusiasm of the canal builders. “With the rapid pace of competition and technology, Kanalstroy is leading to the Big Volga,” they said then. The name of the Trudovaya platform near Iksha is also in the spirit of that time, especially since in the Iksha area there are also settlements of the Moscow Canal. Thus, the name of the Trudovaya microdistrict comes from the heroic years of industrialization, the selfless work of hundreds of thousands of people to develop the Soviet country.
Station "Iksha"
The village of Iksha arose in 1889. It received its name from the station of the same name, and that in turn from the river and Iksha (a small tributary of the Yakhroma River). Scientists believe that the Merei (Finno-Ugric tribe) left us this name. The hydronym Iksha (variant Iksa) is often found in the North: Iksha (Vyga village), Iksha (Vetluga village), Iksa and Ixozero (Onega basin), Iksa (Vychegda village), Iksa (Pinega basin).
This common use of the hydronym gives reason to assume that it is an ancient river term, which is reflected in the modern Mari language, where iksa means “stream, small river.” In addition, the Iksa/Iksha rivers are also found in the Ob basin, below Novosibirsk, and in the Urals, in the Tavda basin.
The village of Iksha was famous for its deposits of sand and stone in nearby quarries, a mill on the Ikshanka River and its nail factory (opened in 1908), which produced shoeing nails for horses and long, thin shingles for roofs. Previously, residents from neighboring villages worked at the plant: Ignatova, Bazarova, Ortishcheva, Khoroshilova. In the 1930s In connection with the construction of the canal, the nail factory was moved to Moscow.
Well, friends, we have already traveled half the way and are continuing our historic trip along the Savelovsky railway. We will pass a number of stations we meet along the way and get acquainted with the history of their names and creation. We are going to the town of Dmitrov near Moscow.
Stop point "Morozki"
Unfortunately, I have to disappoint you, my reader, due to the fact that I did not find anything about this name. I only know that this stop was opened in 1964 and received its name from the gardening partnership of the same name located nearby, and then in turn it was officially created by a decision of the State Planning Committee of the Russian Federal Service for Social Markets in 1967.
Recently one of my readers shared her version. It says that this area was previously located in a lowland, even before the construction of the canal. In such areas, frosts often occurred almost until summer and from the beginning of autumn. With the construction of the canal, there were fewer frosts. When the canal was built, this lowland was filled in and the frosts stopped. There were no frosts, but the name remained.
If any of you know a little more about the history of this partnership and the origin of its name, or have a different version, please share, I will be glad to learn a little more!
Stop point "Tourist"
One of the oldest stations in our direction, which was opened in 1901. The original name of this stop was Vlakhernskaya station (after the Spaso-Vlaherensky convent). Later, the station was demoted to a platform, and they got rid of the monastery name in 1936, calling the platform, apparently, almost the first word that came up. At least, I didn’t find anything on the map that could be associated with this name - except perhaps a ski resort located nearby. Near the station is located the village of Dedenevo (emphasis on the second syllable!), which, in turn, comes from the distorted name of one of the Horde khans who besieged Dmitrov in 1293. The main attraction of this village is the Spaso-Vlaherensky convent, founded in 1852 by Anna Gavrilovna, a representative of an old noble family, who owned this village. The monastery got its name from the Blachernae Miracle-Working Icon of the Mother of God. Now the monastery is gradually being restored and anyone can come to it and venerate the shrines.
Station and city "Yakhroma"
"I'm lame!!!" - his wife screamed, tripping and falling on the bridge over the river.
According to legend, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky was crossing the river with his wife, who, while crossing, stumbled, sprained her leg and screamed in fear: “I’m lame!”, which was supposedly the reason for the appearance of this name.
In fact, the name of the Yakhroma River belongs to the language of the ancient Finno-Ugric population. It distinguishes the structural elements “yakhr” and “oma”. The word "yakhr" in the Meri language was a geographical term meaning "lake". The second part of the name is found in the Finno-Ugric river names of our north: Kuloma, Kondoma. Thus, "Yakhroma" means "lake river". Historical and geographical data confirm this explanation.
The name of the city is ancient, but its history is surprisingly short - it begins in 1841 with a village near Pokrovskaya, a cloth factory - which belonged to the old merchant family of the Lyamins. Yakhroma experienced its “golden age” in the 19th century, thanks to the same cloth factory. The most important attraction of the city is the majestic Trinity Cathedral, built in 1895 by the famous Moscow businessman, politician and philanthropist Ivan Artemyevich Lyamin.
The cathedral became the work of his whole life, he donated the lion's share of his capital to it, and his labors were rewarded and remained for centuries.
Another attraction of the city is the famous lock No. 3, the most beautiful and unusual of the 11 locks of the Moscow Canal. The towers on the gateway gates are decorated with nothing but caravels of Columbus. Huge “model sculptures”, shining in the sun with a copper sheen, are only 4-5 times smaller than the originals.
The city of Yakhroma itself became such only in 1941, uniting several large villages.
Station and city "Dmitrov"
The largest and oldest city we meet on the way to Savelovo. Its glorious history is very long and interesting. It begins in 1154, when the city was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky on the lands of the ancient Finno-Ugric tribe Merya. Named in honor of the Holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica - the heavenly patron of the son of Yuri Dolgoruky, Vsevolod the Big Nest, born that year. “In the summer of 6662, Prince Yuri’s son Dmitry was born, then in Polyudye on the river on Yakhroma, and with the princess he founded a city in the name of his son and called Dmitrov, and called his son Vsevolod,” the chronicle tells us about the founding of Dmitrov.
Dmitrov arose as a fortified city on the border of the Rostov-Suzdal principality. Its purpose was to block the paths to the Suzdal lands, which went along the Yakhroma River and the Dubna River, from enemies. During its history, Dmitrov was repeatedly destroyed by internecine princely wars, six times it was burned by the Tatar-Mongol conquerors, but each time the city was reborn from the ashes, recovering and continuing to live.
In 1781, Dmitrov became the center of the district, which, in addition to the territory of the modern Dmitrovsky district, also included Sergiev Posad, and, among many Russian cities, received its own coat of arms.
In the 18th-19th centuries, Dmitrov remained mainly a trading city. The share of merchants here reached 10-15%, while the national average of merchants was about 1.3% of the urban population. By the end of the 18th century, a new revival in local trade began, which affected the development of Dmitrov.
The Savelovskaya railway actually saves Dmitrov from the unfavorable economic situation in which he finds himself in connection with the construction of the Yaroslavl railway through Sergiev Posad and Nikolaevskaya through Klin. The next rise of the city is also associated with the revival of the waterway to the north. In 1932-1938, there was a GULAG division in the city - Dmitrovlag, which was engaged in the construction of the Moscow Canal. The construction gave impetus to the industrial development of the city, the population increased 3 times.
On November 26-27, 1941, an offensive of fascist German troops unfolded in the area of Dmitrov; they managed to cross the canal and gain a foothold on Peremilovskaya Heights (south of Dmitrov), but on November 29 they were driven out from there, after which the counter-offensive of the Red Army began.
In the 1960s-1980s, the city was built up with apartment buildings and acquired the main features of its modern appearance. For the 850th anniversary of the city (2004), a large-scale campaign was carried out to improve and develop the city.
Kanalstroy station
The station was opened in 1940. The loud name speaks for itself. This is one of the most necessary and at the same time tragic pages in the history of the young Soviet state. The history of this village, and now a microdistrict of the city of Dmitrov, is closely connected with the history of the construction of the Moscow Canal. One of the Dmitlag labor correctional camps was located here, where prisoners who built the canal lived and worked in terrible conditions.
The village achieved its current economic growth thanks to the Dmitrov Flexible Packaging Plant, founded in 1979. The plant was one of the first to begin producing combined materials. It was in Dmitrov, for the first time in the USSR, that laminated tape based on aluminum foil was produced.
Stopping points “75 km”, “94 km”, “124 km”
Here you can understand without me why they are called that, because they are located these very kilometers from Moscow. But it would be wrong not to name the settlements next to them. The village of Ivashevo is located at the 75th kilometer platform, the Gudok SNT at the 94th kilometer, and the Progress SNT at the 124th kilometer.
Stop point "Orudevo"
Until 2007 - Orudevo station (the tracks were dismantled and now there is one working track).
The stop got its name from the village of Orudevo located here
The name “Orudievo” itself has several versions of origin: one “tool” means “work”, “plough”; according to another, the best blacksmiths lived in these places and deftly “handled” their hammers.
The village of Orudevo has been known since ancient times. There is evidence from 1555 that Tsar Ivan the Terrible “donated” the village to the Moscow Novospassky Monastery in memory of his uncle, Yuri Ivanovich. In 1627, the village of Orudevo was mentioned again, this time as the patrimony of the Novospassky Monastery. In documents of 1627-1679. The wooden Church of the Intercession, which later burned down, was mentioned for the first time. On January 20, 1720, a decree was issued on the construction of a new wooden church.
In 1876, a braided weaving factory was founded in the village. Over 100 peasants from nearby villages worked on it. Later, it began to play a vital role in the development of the village, as did the railway, opened in 1901, which began to deliver the products of this weaving factory to large cities. The area has rich peat deposits. Intensive peat mining began here back in the 1930s. The majority of the population worked in this sector of the national economy. The village is also famous for its famous fellow countryman. The goalkeeper of the famous “red machine” Vladislav Tretyak was born here in 1952. In the 90s, when chaos began in the Russian economy, peat extraction work in the village was stopped. The peat mining industry died.
Today Orudyevo is one of the largest concentrations of gardening partnerships and dacha villages along our route.
Station "Verbilki"
It is also named after the village located here.
There are two versions of the origin of the name of this village. The first version says that the village was named so from the willow bush that grows here. Why not? Indeed, in Rus', villages were often named after the area or the plants that were located there, for example, “Lapukhovo” or “Ivnyaki”.
Another says that in ancient times villages and villages that consisted of one peasant household were often called by the name or nickname of the first settler: Fedotovo, Savinovo, etc. Such names with the ending “o” are short adjectives formed from their own name, and answer the question “whose?” When these settlements arose, people did not yet have surnames. In addition to names, there were nicknames. Perhaps there was a name or nickname Verbol or Verbil, because the “o” at the end of the word makes it possible to ask the question: “whose village?” - Verbolovo. In ancient times, these lands were inhabited by Finno-Ugric tribes. Most of their inherent names were lost over time, since the Slavs who came later to these lands turned out to be genetically stronger. The ancient name Verbol fell out of use, was forgotten, became incomprehensible, and Verbolovo remained only in a document.
The settlement began to be called Verbilki with the opening of a porcelain factory in 1766 by merchant Franz Yakovlevich Gardner. A workers' settlement immediately appeared near it. In 1892, the factory was purchased by M. S. Kuznetsov.
After the revolution of 1917, the enterprise was nationalized and became known as the Dmitrov Porcelain Factory. His products were awarded a large gold medal at the World Exhibition in Paris (1937) and a silver medal at the World Exhibition in Brussels (1958).
Stop point "Vlasovo"
You and I are often indignant and wait for the name of this stop to be announced, especially in the spring, because of the people who come here with gardening tools, animals and seedlings. When chickens fly around the carriage and goats walk (I personally saw it, it’s an impressive sight). But they can also be understood, people are now increasingly turning to the earth, to the natural, their own, because what is sold in our stores forces us to do this.
But let's get back to history. The station was opened in 1917. It got its name from the Vlasovo tract, which is located not far from the station. And it, in turn, received its name from the hermit, magician and healer Vlas, who lived there.
In a large swamp near the station, the Vlasovskaya peat power plant was put into operation in 1927, which supplied electricity to part of the settlements and enterprises of the region. Until the 1990s, the station was used for crossing electric trains and was the final stopping point. In 1997, an additional track development was created at the station (an additional track was connected to the main track), but in the 2000s the additional tracks were dismantled, and the station was demoted to a stopping point.
Station and town "Taldom"
We arrive at the last major city on our way. Many people are always interested in its so un-Russian and incomprehensible name. So where did it come from?
Most researchers believe that it came from the Finnish tribes who lived on these lands until the 9th century, and is derived from Finnish words with the root “Tal” - house and “Talouden” - economic. Another version of some researchers is this: in the 13th-14th centuries, the Mongol-Tatars came here with fire and sword, and it was they who founded Taldom. Indeed, translated from Tatar – “Talduy” means “camp”, “stop”. And finally, there are many Slavic versions. For example, in the old days a bishop drove through this area, saw smoke and shouted: “There is smoke there!” - later the phrase was distorted and supposedly from these words, and the name “Taldom” came about.
Taldom developed thanks to trade. Through it, goods were transported from the Volga - from the cities of Kashin, Kalyazin, Uglich - to Moscow and back. The inhabitants of Taldom derived income from the traders' camp (justifies the second version of the origin of the name). Since the beginning of the 19th century, fairs began to be held in Taldom twice a year. But, despite the growth of trade, Taldom remained a small village.
By the beginning of the 20th century, Taldom was one of the centers of the vast shoe manufacturing region, one of the large trading villages with fairs that brought together shoe buyers from all over Russia. At the same time, the village became part of the shoe region with its center in the rich village of Kimra. Taldom merchants actively trade with Kimr merchants. An additional incentive for the development of the village was our Savelovskaya line, which, through the efforts of local merchants, was drawn directly through the village, and not to the side as originally planned.
After the revolution, the shoe industry of the residents of Taldom declined sharply. Only during the NEP years did handicraft shoe production begin to revive, but it did not reach its former scale. As the NEP was winding down, the shoe industry declined again and by the mid-1930s it disappeared completely and completely.
The city changed its name 3 times: in November 1918 it received city status and was renamed Leninsk, then again in 1930 it was renamed Sobtsovsk, in honor of the local “expropriator of expropriators” Nikolai Sobtsov, who was killed in May 1918 during an anti-Bolshevik hunger riot in Taldom . However, the name “Sobtsovsk” lasted less than six months. In March 1931, the city returned its historical name Taldom; The area, accordingly, began to be called Taldomsky and still bears this name.
Stop point "Lebzino"
It was difficult, but I still tried to figure out the origin of this name. I will express my opinion on this matter. If you know the true history of the name, write in the comments. I think the history of this name is very similar to what I said about Verbilki. Villages were often named after its first inhabitant or some person who was either highly respected or hated by his fellow villagers. The same thing happened with Lebzin. In my opinion: the name comes from the nickname “lebza”. “Lebza is a nickname, possibly from the dialect version of the word fawning: “who fawns” (fawning - “to fawn, to fawn, to fawn, to flatter, to caress, to look after, to wriggle, to please, to drive up; to sneak around, to gossip”); (Dahl's dictionary)". There is also a surname and a whole clan of Lebzins. Explaining the surname Lebzin, E.A. Grushko and Yu.M. Medvedev derive it from a nickname meaning “flatterer, deceiver” (P. 264). Perhaps there was a person among the residents whom they really did not like and at first behind their backs, and then openly began to call him that. The name stuck and was later reborn as the name of this village. So the offensive curse became the name of the village, and then the Savelovsky station.
Station "Savelovo"
So we have reached the end point of our trip through the names and histories of the stations and settlements located next to them! We are coming to the glorious city of Kimry at its south-eastern railway gate - to the Savyolovo station! I will not talk here about the history of the region and the Savelovsky plant; I think you already know a lot, but I’ll tell you about the name itself.
The history of this name, specifically for our city, is very vague and incomprehensible. The station receives it in 1900 from the two villages of Staroye and Novoye Savelovo. These villages have been known for a long time. Our Savelovo is not alone, I counted at least 4 more settlements with the same name, 2 of which are even in our Tver region.
After searching, two versions of the origin of this name were developed.
The first is simpler, and it says that the old village probably receives it on behalf of the first inhabitant of Savely (an older interpretation of the name Savely). Perhaps, once upon a time a man with that name came to this place and built his first house here, starting to cultivate the land. Indeed, in ancient times, all the land was divided between the peasants who cultivated it, and had its own name. For example, Vanyata (Ivan) cultivated the land near the village of Kimra, and the locals said: “Whose land is Vonyata. Vonyatino’s property” - this gave the name to the village of Vonyatino (now gone). Perhaps the same story happened with our Savelov: “Whose land is Savela, Savyolov’s possession.” This version was suggested to me by the director of our museum, Vladimir Petrovich Pokudin, for which I thank him!
The second version says that the name of the district of our city is rooted in the name of the old, noble, noble family of the Savelovs.
This family descends from the Novgorod mayor, boyar Kuzma Savelkova, who lived in the middle of the 15th century.
The most famous representative of this family is Ivan Petrovich Savelov, he is known in Russian history as Patriarch Joachim of Moscow and All Rus'. It was during the years of Joachim’s patriarchate that the famous head of the Old Believers, Archpriest Avvakum, was kept in the earthen prison of Pustozersk, and then in 1681 he was burned. More than 50 participants in the famous Solovetsky uprising were also executed, who did not accept the innovations in Orthodoxy made by Patriarch Nikon.
It becomes clear that the family was very noble and respected in the state if its representatives occupied such high government positions. Of course, the sovereign bestowed such families with numerous gifts, including lands with peasant souls. I think the village near the village of Kimra became a gift to this family or its purchase, because in Rus' villages were also very often named after their owners. Documentary evidence of this fact has not been preserved, because before 1546 practically nothing was known about the village of Kimra, and this village already existed then and was quite large. It was only later that it was divided into Old and New Savelovo for the reason that the inhabitants became crowded, and some of them moved away from the main village, first forming a farmstead, and then a new village. There is only an armorial, where the Savelov family was included in the VI part of the family book of the Moscow, Oryol, Tver and Voronezh provinces (Armorial, VII, 16). This means that this family also owned a number of Tver lands and villages.
This name stuck with the village, which began to develop and subsequently gave its name to the new industrial area of our city.
Almost all the pictures for this post were ready at the end of October, but I never got around to processing and composing them.
Part of the Moscow Ring Railway - BMO route runs along the section of the Savelovskaya road from Yakhroma to Iksha. In addition, we will see the stations Bely Rast, Ivantsevo and some other stopping points and platforms.
Bely Rast is a station on the LMC. Almost all road services are located here. But recently, major work has been planned here. However, for now this is just talk.
The platforms are in excellent condition, but passenger traffic here is minimal, the village of the same name is quite far away, and the platform is mainly used by employees of the Moscow Railway. This is not surprising - passenger traffic on the LMC has almost always been “technological”.
Promotion of good behavior on the railway in the signature color scheme of the Svelovsky direction
ER2T-7166 en route to Kubinka
Track development of Bely Rast station
The next stop is 109 km. It is located almost under the bridge with Dmitrovskoye Highway. A quaint staircase descends from the road. I wonder whose inquisitive mind designed it and then embodied it in metal and concrete?
There has always been one path from Bely Rasta to Iksha, but there is room for a second path under the overpass.
There are quite a few such platforms on BMO. This particular one is designed to deliver personnel to the nearest traction substation. Well, at the same time, residents of neighboring houses use it.
Connecting with the main passage, the BMO path runs parallel to it until Iksha station. In the next photo: the far one is the path to Dmitrov, the middle one is the path to Moscow, and the right one is the BMO path.
On the outskirts of Iksha, another PPZhT track adjoins them
Train stagnation routes at Iksha station
Passenger platforms at Iksha station
The 1st platform receives trains from BMO (left track) and transit trains to Moscow (right track), and the 2nd platform receives trains from/to Iksha (left track) and transit trains from Moscow (right track).
Trains go to Iksha not only from Savelovsky station, but also from the Belorussian direction: Zvenigorod, Kubinka. According to Yandex.Timetables, you can get from Kubinka to Iksha by train through BMO and through Moscow, and the travel time is approximately the same, 2 hours 30 minutes.
Formally, passenger service by BMO trains is interrupted in Iksha. Trains from the northern half-ring do not go to Dmitrov. But trains ran from Naugolny to Savyolovsky station in the summer. But in 2009, not a single such train ran from/to BMO. Morozki platform.
For some reason, the Tourist platform is painted in the signature (blue-gray) colors of the Yaroslavl direction.
Scheme of the Moscow junction in relation to the Savyolovsky direction
Yakhroma station. Low platform on the left - for trains with BMO
After Yakhroma, trains following the BMO arrive at Ivantsevo station
Next after Ivantsevo is op. 80 km
Once on the train I heard a woman say to her interlocutor on the phone:
- yes, I’m going to Drachevo... but what else can you do there!
Although with a greater degree of probability this name comes from the pugnacious disposition of the inhabitants :)
Former station building in Drachev
Railway workers' houses in Drachev
Evening electric train silhouettes
A freight train follows the checkpoint. 68 km
