Before his death, he suffered from pancreatic cancer Steve Jobs deeply regretted that he abandoned conventional medicine in favor of alternative methods of treatment. According to experts, timely surgical intervention would allow him to prolong his life or even be completely cured.
Apple co-founder and former CEO Steve Jobs passed away at the age of 56 in October 2011. He battled cancer for almost eight years. The tumor was discovered accidentally during a CT scan of the kidneys. Immediate surgical intervention was required, but Jobs, despite the entreaties of doctors and relatives, categorically refused and, preferring alternative medicine: he hoped to be cured with the help of acupuncture, a strict vegan diet, which was based on freshly squeezed juices, regular colon cleansing, meditation, hydrotherapy and other naturopathy . His biographer Walter Isaacson says in his book that at one time Jobs consulted a psychic about his treatment. According to Isaacson, in relation to his health, the IT genius was completely irrational: he relied on a certain “ magical power thoughts,” believed that if you ignored a medical problem, pretended it didn’t exist, it would eventually resolve itself.
The tumor was removed only nine months after diagnosis, in July 2004. A few years later, the disease began to progress again, it was discovered. Due to morphine and other painkillers, Steve lost his appetite and rapidly lost weight - in a matter of months he lost 20 kilograms. This was partly due to the fact that most of his pancreas, which produces enzymes needed to digest proteins and other nutrients. In 2009, Steve Jobs underwent a liver transplant, but his health continued to deteriorate. He began to appear in public less, went on an indefinite leave, and then completely left the post of CEO of Apple.
At this time, Jobs radically changed his ideas about the possibilities of medicine, became disillusioned with homeopathy and became interested in experimental techniques, spending hundreds of thousands of dollars on them. According to the newspaper The New York Times, he is one of the twenty who underwent DNA sequencing for the first time. A team of researchers from leading US scientific institutions has established the unique genetic and molecular structure of his cancerous tumors. Based on this information, Jobs' doctors were able to select drugs that acted directly on the damaged molecular pathways that provoked the growth of cancer cells. The thought that modern innovative medicine was fighting his insidious illness gave hope to the innovator Jobs. Walter Isaacson recalls that after one of his meetings with doctors, an inspired Steve told him: “I will either be the first to defeat this cancer or one of the last to die from it.”
However, even geneticists were powerless in the face of this terrible disease. For a cancer patient, a delay of nine months is fraught with irreversible consequences. Especially if we're talking about o, which is one of the most dangerous and aggressive types of cancer. As a rule, it is detected in late stages and does not respond well to therapeutic treatment - patients “burn out” within a few months. Among oncological diseases, this type of cancer ranks tenth in prevalence and fourth in frequency of deaths.
However, in the case of a neuroendocrine tumor, which was diagnosed in Steve Jobs, specialists’ forecasts are more optimistic. This rare form of the disease (seen in only 5% of pancreatic cancer sufferers) develops much more slowly than adenocarcinoma (). “Most patients can feel relatively normal for several years, as was the case with Steve Jobs,” explains Matthew Kulke, an expert at the Institute for Cancer Research at Harvard University. In addition, neuroendocrine tumors are often treatable, so timely Surgery in this case would most likely solve the problem. If only the pancreas is affected, there is a high probability that the operation will help cure the serious illness once and for all. Many experts who have studied Steve Jobs' medical history are confident that by self-medicating, he deprived himself of the chance of recovery.
Doctors warn about non-traditional treatment methods such as: acupuncture, homeopathy, breathing exercises and other practices are appropriate only as maintenance therapy. Indeed, they can improve the patient’s well-being, speed up his recovery after surgery, reduce pain and help get rid of the side effects of chemotherapy. However, in no case can they replace conventional medicine.
It would be strange to talk about the death of a person without explaining his biography. In the case of Jobs, there is no choice at all. His bright life has become a source of inspiration for millions of people.
If the story of Steve Jobs doesn't impress you, then it's unlikely that anything else will surprise you. The future founder of Apple was born on February 24, 1955 in San Francisco. His parents gave the child to an orphanage, where he was adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs. The baby received a name. Quotes suggest: he always considered his adoptive parents to be his family.
Since childhood, his social environment was programmers and engineers, who felt especially comfortable in California. In addition, his mother worked as an accountant in one of the pioneer companies of the future. Steve's father was an auto mechanic. So he unwittingly introduced his son to the basics of electronics.
At school, Jobs became friends with Stephen Wozniak, his main colleague and partner for many years. Both were interested in new technologies and rock music of the 60s, primarily Bob Dylan. The hippie counterculture that emerged at that time had a huge influence on Jobs’ character and worldview.
Steve's first job was at Atari, which was famous for its video game machines. Under these conditions, he and Wozniak founded the “Homemade Computers Club,” which brought together lovers of microcircuits and other tricks.
It was then that Wozniak created his first computer. It was called the Apple I. Steve realized that the invention had enormous commercial potential. He persuaded a friend to start a company and start selling his products.
Even then, the different roles of these two people in the future project were outlined. If Wozniak created a product, then Jobs gave it the form that would be most popular with customers. For example, this was the case with new technology user interface, where everything happens on the now familiar desktop with a cursor and folders. Before this, computers had only system directories and dull lists of their names. Steve Jobs' company combined, firstly, enormous creative technical potential, and secondly, precise commercial acumen.
Main Apple's success in the first years of its existence was the creation and promotion of the revolutionary new Macintosh computer (also in oral speech The abbreviation Mac is often used).
It had several important innovations for the industry, from the already mentioned user interface to accessibility for every ordinary buyer. That's when computers became personal. They were purchased by ordinary buyers, not just programmers and geeks. Another component of success is the advertising campaign that accompanied the start of sales.
It all happened in 1984, and Jobs suggested making a video with references to the novel by George Orwell, the title of which was this date. It was a book about a totalitarian society in a fantasy future. Jobs wrote a plot in which Apple buyers with new technology in their hands were radically different from the backward majority in the novel. “Think different” is the main slogan of everything Steve did.
However, things subsequently went poorly for the company. Sales were down, and new products were generating losses. Jobs was fired from his own creation. He did not give up and created other projects - Next and Pixar. The latter of them achieved success, and now it is the largest studio regularly releasing popular cartoons. Pixar's use of computer graphics in animation was a revolution. The first such cartoon was the film “Toy Story” in 1995.
In the late 90s, Apple began asking for Steve Jobs to return. The reason for the “death” of the company is poor products and marketing. All this made many employees remember the founder. In 1997, he again became the head of the enterprise.
In the next decade, several super-successful devices and services appeared, for which the masses today know about Apple. These are smartphones with innovation for the 2000s operating system, iTunes music service and much more. Steve Jobs came up with all this one way or another. Quotes from the entrepreneur indicate that the thought of death forced him to become 100% active every day. He demanded the same from his subordinates.
So why did Steve Jobs die? Largely from my busy daily schedule. However main reason not this.
Since his youth, Steve has been interested in alternative medicine: herbal treatment, acupuncture, a vegan diet, etc. He was greatly influenced by Indian culture and the practice of yoga. Let's remember his youth as a hippie with drugs and LSD. So when he was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 2003, he refused traditional surgery.
After nine months of self-medication, he finally agreed to see qualified specialists. He underwent surgery and the tumor that appeared was cut out. However, the examination showed that metastases had appeared in Jobs’ liver - new cancer cells, which develop over time and spread to other organs. They could only be treated with courses of chemotherapy. The entrepreneur publicly stated that he had gotten rid of the disease, and in the meantime he began to recover necessary procedures secretly.
This was all Steve Jobs. The cause of death (later it became cancer) gradually made itself felt more and more. First of all, this influenced his appearance. Jobs became very thin and, just before his death, admitted that he had cancer. The public paid close attention to this also because he continued to give presentations to large audiences, where he presented the company’s new products in his signature bright style.
Steve was supported by his family - his wife Lauren and three children. For all this he was eternally grateful to them.
No matter how Steve Jobs passed away, the cause of this man's death did not mean that his work was in vain. He could be sure that he had not lived in vain, thanks to the fact that he had built the largest corporation in the world, whose products reached almost every American and the citizens of many other countries.
In August 2011, Steve announced that he was leaving his leadership position at Apple. He named Tim Cook as his successor, who continues to serve today. Steve himself stated that he would remain on the board of directors. However, a couple of months later, on October 5, he died at home.
His attending physician stated that his death was due to neglect of his own health. Despite this, his passing away occurred peacefully and calmly. Of course, the outstanding entrepreneur already understood everything and was internally prepared for the upcoming outcome.
In particular, he agreed with the writer and journalist Walter Isaacson that he would conduct many interviews with him in order to prepare material for a book biography. Isaacson recorded a large number of monologues authored by Steve Jobs himself. Death interrupted this long cross-cutting interview, which lasted until last days businessman.
In addition, Walter interviewed about a hundred people who were in close relationships with Steve. The book was supposed to be published in November 2011 during his lifetime, but due to his death its release was postponed a month earlier. In particular, the biography contained the answer to the question of why Steve Jobs died. The new product immediately became a bestseller.
No matter how Steve Jobs had previously assured, the cause of death was his own alternative treatment, whereas with such a serious diagnosis it was immediately necessary to contact professionals. His stubborn character never allowed him to admit his mistake.
Doctors named the three most obvious causes of death founder of Apple Steve Jobs, the news of which spread around the world on Thursday night. These could be cancer itself, failure of the transplanted liver, or life-threatening side effects taking immunosuppressants.
However, this is the opinion of doctors who were not involved in treating the computer genius - they made their conclusions based on the meager information that the world press managed to obtain. Jobs himself and his circle did not talk about the disease. The man who changed the world and the lives of millions of people was as closed as possible in terms of his personal life and carefully protected his family from curious people.
Steve managed to live for more than seven years with a rare form of pancreatic cancer in which cancer cells spread more slowly than usual. And although there was hope back in the spring that Jobs was on the mend, doctors now say that a liver transplant two years ago was in itself a bad sign. This was a sure sign that the disease not only did not recede, but was also progressing, reports AP.
Many experts suspect that Steve Jobs underwent a very complex operation called pancreaticoduodenectomy (in the West it is called the Whipple procedure), during which part of the pancreas, part of the small intestine and in some cases part of the stomach are removed, and then the digestive system is actually “reconstructed” .
This is a very serious and large-scale operation, after which patients may experience various types of digestive problems for a long time, Dr. Stephen Libutti, a doctor at the cancer center in the Bronx of New York, explained to the agency.
In turn, Dr. Michael Pishwayan, an oncologist at the Georgetown University Cancer Center, said that a liver transplant could have cured Jobs, but the cancer could have relapsed within one to two years after the operation, which apparently happened.
Steve Jobs himself announced back in 2004 that he had had a small island of neuroendocrine tumors removed, which were a much “milder” and curable form of pancreatic cancer than the most common one, from which actor Patrick Swayze died two years ago. If there are no relapses of the disease, some patients can live 20 or 30 years. But if the cancer returns, then this period is reduced to seven to eight years. Again the case of Steve Jobs.
Steve Jobs considered death the best incentive in life, as he said in his “spiritual testament”
The computer genius himself, it seems, spent all the years allotted to him after the discovery of cancer with the persistent thought of death, which he, however, considered the best incentive in work and life. Even six years ago, he mentioned it a lot in a philosophical sense, in his parting words to graduates of Stanford University. Now Steve's performance is considered his "spiritual testament."
“The awareness that I could die at any moment is the main tool that helps me make important life choices,” Jobs told the students then. “Because almost everything in the world: passive waiting, pride, fears, grievances and failures - everything they fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important."
"Remembering death is the most The best way avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You have already lost everything. There is no reason not to follow the call of your heart,” he inspired. “Probably death is the best invention of life,” concluded this great man.
Bill Gates said goodbye to Steve Jobs
Microsoft founder Bill Gates said it was an “insanely great honor” for him to be friends and work with Apple founder Steve Jobs, whose death was previously announced by Apple.
Reuters notes that the expression "insanely great" was one of Jobs' favorite expressions.
"Steve and I first met about 30 years ago. We have been colleagues, competitors and friends for more than half of our lives," Gates said, adding that rarely has anyone had such a profound impact on the world as the Apple founder.
Gates, 55, and Jobs, 56, were key figures in the early development of personal computing in the 1970s and 1980s.
“I am truly saddened by the news of his death,” Gates said, offering his condolences to Jobs’ family, as well as everyone who knew, was friends with and worked with the Apple creator.
“There are very few people in the world who can make a contribution like Steve’s, the effects of which will be felt for generations to come,” said the Microsoft founder.
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg, Walt Disney President Bob Iger, former California governor and film actor Arnold Schwarzenegger, and many others also offered their condolences over Jobs' death. Chapter Samsung Choi Gi Sang said Jobs was a "great entrepreneur."
US President Barack Obama also said goodbye to the Apple founder.
"Michelle and I are deeply saddened to hear of the passing of Steve Jobs. Steve was one of America's greatest inventors - brave enough to think differently than everyone else, brave enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to to make it happen," Obama said.
On the main page of the Apple website there is now a black and white portrait of Jobs and the years of his life are written.
Twitter users reacted emotionally to the death of their idol
Twitter users reacted very emotionally to Apple's message about the death of IT industry idol Steve Jobs - millions of Apple fans, preserving the style of the innovative technologies created by Jobs, wish him to "rest in peace in iParadise."
"Steve leaves behind a company that only he could build, and his spirit will forever be a pillar of Apple," Apple said in a tribute to him.
The phrases RIP Steve Jobs (Rest in peace, Steve Jobs) and ThankYouSteve (Thank you, Steve) from grateful fans instantly entered the global service trends after Apple’s sad message.
After some time, the phrase “Only 56” appeared in trends - this is how users expressed regret that Jobs left at such an early age.
Later, the expressions iDead, iHeaven, iClouds and iSad appeared there - recognition of Jobs’ achievements in the style of Apple product names.
Users drew attention to the almost mystical date of the death of the Apple founder - the day after the presentation of the company, which was held for the first time by the new Apple CEO Tim Cook instead of Jobs.
Finally, millions of Twitter users reminded the world of Steve Jobs's catchphrase "Stay Foolish, Stay Hungry", which he said to Stanford University graduates and encouraged them to never stop there.
Biography of Steven Jobs
American engineer and entrepreneur, co-founder and head of Apple Inc. Steven Paul Jobs was born on February 24, 1955 in Mountain View, California, USA. Steve's birth mother abandoned the child at birth. The child's adoptive parents were Paul and Clara Jobs(Paul Jobs, Clara Jobs) from Mountain View, California. Clara worked for an accounting firm, and Paul Jobs was a mechanic for a laser company.
Steve has shown an interest in technology since childhood. At the age of 12, Steven Jobs called the head of Hewlett-Packard, William Hewlett, and asked him for the parts he needed to assemble some device. After talking with the boy, William sent him everything he needed and invited him to work at his company during the holidays. While working at Hewlett-Packard, Jobs met Stephen Wozniak, his future colleague at Apple.
In 1972, Steve Jobs graduated from high school and entered Reed College in Portland, Oregon, but after the first semester he dropped out of college.
In the fall of 1974, he returned to California, where he met an old acquaintance, Stephen Wozniak, and got a job as a technician at Atari, which produced computer games. While working at the company, Jobs was able to save money for a trip to India, which he had long dreamed of.
On April 1, 1976, Steven Jobs and Stephen Wozniak founded Apple Computer Co., producing computers of their own design. The company was officially registered in early 1977. The author of most of the developments was Stephen Wozniak, while Jobs acted as a marketer.
The first personal computer introduced by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak was the Apple I, which was later created new computer Apple II, designed for a wider range of users. The success of the Apple I computer and especially the Apple II made Apple a key player in the personal computer market. Apple grew larger and went public in 1980 with a successful initial public offering, making Steve Jobs a millionaire at age 25.
In 1985, due to ongoing conflicts in management, Wozniak left Apple, and then Steve Jobs. Also in 1985, Jobs founded NeXT, a company specializing in hardware and workstations.
In 1986, Steve Jobs co-founded the animation studio Pixar. Under Jobs' leadership, Pixar released films such as Toy Story and Monsters, Inc. In 2006, Jobs sold Pixar to Walt Disney Studios, and he remained on the board of directors of Pixar and at the same time became the largest an individual- a Disney shareholder, having received 7 percent of the studio's shares.
Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1996, when the company founded by Jobs decided to acquire NeXT. Jobs joined the company's board of directors and became the interim manager of Apple, which was experiencing a serious crisis at that moment.
In 2000, Steve Jobs became a full-fledged executive director. In 2001, Jobs introduced the first iPod. Within a few years, selling iPods became the company's main source of income. Under Jobs' leadership, Apple significantly strengthened its position in the personal computer market.
In mid-2004, Jobs began to have health problems, but he continued to work. In 2006, the company introduced the network multimedia player Apple TV; in 2007, sales of the iPhone mobile phone began; in 2008, Steve demonstrated the thinnest laptop in the world, called MacBook Air.
Since January 2011, he has been on indefinite leave for health reasons, but has consistently presented his company’s new products to the public.
It was reported back in January 2011 that Steve Jobs left the company's leadership for health reasons.
Steve Jobs has a rare form of pancreatic cancer. The disease was diagnosed 7 years ago. In 2009, Jobs underwent a liver transplant - the operation was performed on him in Switzerland. Meanwhile, according to statistics, only 4% of patients with pancreatic cancer live more than 5 years. And in February, one of the doctors risked making a dire prediction that Jobs had no more than six weeks to live.
"Company Apple I lost a creative genius, and the world lost a wonderful person. Those of us fortunate enough to know and work with Steve have lost a dear friend and inspiring mentor. Steve left behind a company that only he could create, and his spirit will forever be a pillar of Apple", says a message on the Apple website.
The news of Jobs' death instantly spread throughout the world, causing a wave of condolences. US President Barack Obama was one of the first to speak. He said that the founder of Apple was one of the greatest American inventors and gave people joy. "Michelle and I are deeply saddened to hear of the passing of Steve Jobs. Steve was one of America's greatest inventors - brave enough to think differently than everyone else, brave enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to to make it happen," Obama said. “By making computers personal and putting the Internet in our pockets, he ensured that information was accessible to each of us and managed to create an information revolution in a way that was understandable on an intuitive level and brought joy to people,” the US President emphasized. At the same time, Obama noted that greatest proof Jobs' greatness is served by the fact that many people learned about his death thanks to the works he created. mobile devices. “Steve liked to say that he lived every day as if it were his last day. And because of this, he changed our lives, changed our business and managed to achieve the rarest achievement in human history: he changed the way each of us looks at the world,” - said the American leader. “He brought joy to millions of children and adults,” he concluded.
Former California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger opined that Steve Jobs lived "the California dream every day of his life, he changed the world and inspired us all." “Thank you, Steve,” Schwarzenegger wrote on his microblog on Twitter.
Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin responded to Jobs' death. "I am very, very saddened to hear of Steve's passing. He was a great man with amazing achievements and amazing talent," Page wrote on Twitter. “Steve, your passion for excellence is felt by anyone who has touched any Apple product. You will be greatly missed by all of us at Google, and the industry as a whole,” Brin said in turn.
Microsoft CEO Bill Gates expressed the opinion that few people can give the world what his friend Jobs gave. "The news of the passing of Steve Jobs is truly saddening to me. My wife Melinda and I offer our sincere condolences to his family, friends and all those touched by Steve's work," Gates wrote.
Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg called Jobs his "mentor and friend." "Thank you for showing us that what we create can change the world. I will miss you," he said.
In turn, the head of Samsung Electronics, a corporation competing with Apple, Choi Ki-sung, noted Jobs' "innovative spirit" and said that his achievements will forever be remembered by people around the world. And the director of Walt Disney Co. Robert Iger expressed the opinion that the world has lost an amazingly extraordinary person in Steve Jobs.
Russian President Dmitry Medvedev also expressed condolences to Jobs' family, friends and fans. People like Steve Jobs change our world. My sincere condolences to his loved ones and everyone who appreciated his intelligence and talent,” the Russian leader wrote on his microblog on Twitter.
In turn, French President Nicolas Sarkozy called Jobs “inspired and inspiring” on his Facebook page. “I want to pay tribute to Steve Jobs, who was a great inventor, a great salesman, and a major contributor to the digital revolution we are experiencing. His ability to advance sectors of the economy through imagination and technology is an inspiration to millions of engineers and entrepreneurs around the world. "Efforts to create new, more attractive and easier-to-use technologies were key to the success of his company, which changed the world of personal computing and telecommunications," Sarkozy wrote, noting that the Apple founder will remain one of the greatest inventors of all time.
Apple fans around the world are bringing flowers, candles and notes to the company's stores today. In the stores themselves, product demos display the main page of the apple.com website, which depicts a black and white portrait of Jobs and the dates of his life. One of the store employees in San Francisco stood for a long time on the street at the entrance to the store, holding an iPad in his hands, on the screen of which was a picture of Steve Jobs and words of gratitude addressed to him. Flags bearing the company logo at the entrance to Apple's headquarters are at half-mast in recognition of Jobs' death.
Jobs' illness first became known in 2003. In July 2004, the chapter Apple They removed part of the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts. And five years later, Jobs had to undergo a liver transplant. This operation has many side effects. Immunosuppressants are used to engraft a donor organ, and decreased immunity increases the likelihood of new metastases. According to the University of California, San Francisco, 80% of patients with neuroendocrine tumors live another five years after liver transplantation.
In February of this year, one of the doctors suggested that Jobs had no more than six weeks to live.
In August, Steve Jobs, after a long vacation as head Apple. Tim Cook became the company's CEO, replacing Jobs on January 17, 2011, when he went on indefinite leave. At the same time, Steve Jobs was elected chairman of the board of directors Apple.
When Jobs announced his resignation, he did not explain whether it was related to deteriorating health. "I always said that if the day came when I could not cope with my responsibilities as head Apple, I'll be the first to let you know about it. Unfortunately, that day has come,” he wrote in his letter to the board of directors.
The day before Jobs' death took place. Many fans of Apple products hoped until the very end that this evening, according to tradition, the “father” of the iPhone himself would appear on stage. However, Tim Cook presented a new smartphone.
Steve Jobs founded Apple along with Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in 1976. In 1985, he left the company due to disagreements with senior management, returned in 1997, and since 2000 has headed Apple. IN last years the company occupies one of the leading positions in the IT technology market. Capitalization Apple is estimated at $338 billion.
Steve Jobs, one of the key figures in the computer industry, died from a serious illness at the age of 56.
Neither Jobs himself nor Apple provided accurate information about the causes of the illness and his well-being. In conversations with reporters, Jobs refused to specify details regarding his health and noted that he and his family would be “very grateful for the respect shown” to his personal life. He considered his health to be his personal matter, which should not concern anyone else.
In 2003, Jobs' serious illness became officially known. Doctors diagnosed him with pancreatic cancer. This disease is considered fatal. The chance of living at least another 5 years is 10%. Jobs was included in the list of “lucky ones”; he was diagnosed with an operable form of cancer - rare view This disease is known as neuroendocrine islet cell tumor. At first, Jobs resisted the idea of conventional medical intervention and following a special diet. But in July 2004, he still underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy (“Whipple procedure”). Then the tumor was successfully removed. Jobs did not require chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
In early August 2006, Jobs gave a speech at the annual Worldwide Developers Conference. His appearance led to rumors of a possible recurrence of pancreatic cancer. He looked "thin, almost skinny" and unusually "lethargic." However, journalists who saw Jobs in person said that he “looked good.” In addition, Apple representatives said that “Steve’s health is good.”
Repeated rumors about Jobs' illness appeared in 2008, after his speech at WWDC. Then Apple representatives said that Jobs was a victim of a “common virus” and was taking antibiotics. Despite this statement, rumors spread that his emaciated appearance was due to the effects of cancer treatment.
Representatives of Apple often had to answer questions about the health of Steve Jobs at official conferences. The answer was almost always the same: “This is a private matter.”
Steve Jobs himself also did not like to talk about his health. At one media event, Jobs ended his presentation with a slide that read: "110/70" - arterial pressure. While showing this slide, he stated that he would not answer questions about his health.
In January 2009, Apple reported that Jobs had been suffering from a “hormonal imbalance” for several months. A few days later, in an Apple memo, Jobs wrote that last week he "learned that my health issues are more complex than I thought." So he announced he was going on six-month leave until the end of June 2009. Jobs devoted this time to rest and his health. But despite the vacation, Jobs was involved in "major strategic decisions."
In April 2009, Jobs underwent a liver transplant at the University of Tennessee Methodist Hospital in Memphis. The need for a transplant was due to pancreatic cancer. This type of cancer metastasizes to many organs and in most cases affects the liver. The doctors were pleased with the result of the operation and made “excellent” prognoses.
In January 2011, a year and a half after Jobs returned from a liver transplant, Apple announced that he had been granted medical leave.
As during his previous medical leaves, Jobs was actively involved in the life of the company. He spoke at the iPad 2 launch on March 2, introduced iCloud at the Worldwide Developers Conference on June 6, and spoke to the Cupertino City Council on June 7.
In August 2011, many publications published photographs of Jobs, which showed that he had lost a lot of weight and needed a wheelchair.
Steve Jobs battled cancer for more than 8 years and was able to live longer than some doctors predicted. Treatment of pancreatic cancer is extremely difficult. The official cause of death is pancreatic cancer. But doctors note that other causes of death for the Apple founder may include failure of the transplanted liver and life-threatening side effects of taking immunosuppressants.
Journalist Walter Mossberg, who knew Steve Jobs well for the past 14 years, wrote in The Wall Street Journal about visiting Jobs at his home while he was recovering from a liver transplant at home in Palo Alto. . After talking, they decided to take a walk. After the operation, Jobs walked every day, always setting himself a longer-term goal for walking.
The journalist recalls that Jobs this time “wanted to get to the nearby park at all costs.” At the same time, as Mossberg writes, he looked sick. On the way to the park, Jobs suddenly stopped. “He was clearly unwell. I offered to return home, making it clear that I did not know how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation and vividly imagined the headlines of tomorrow's newspapers, which would definitely write “Helpless reporter allowed Steve Jobs to die while walking.” He laughed, but refused to return, and after a short rest we continued our walk towards the park,” recalls Walter Mossberg.
