Farm construction
New Russia has been rapidly establishing itself in recent years, including in agriculture. Products from the village are widely in demand, as they are environmentally friendly, high quality and tasty.
But nothing happens just like that. The village supplies us with high-quality livestock products. Many entrepreneurs paid attention to these products, investing in farm construction villages have their own funds. We receive on our tables:
In this regard, there is a rapid farm construction And livestock complexes. The opening of agricultural organizations creates jobs in rural areas, rural construction is developing, and the life of the rural population is improving.
Unfortunately, for many years our agriculture has been destroyed. There were few people willing to invest in the development of the agricultural sector of the economy. Farm, buy which could have been done very cheaply, is now an expensive pleasure. But the difficult times for Russia are over. There are already enthusiasts of their business.
The construction of various structures for greenhouses, sheepfolds, and farms begins. Any construction must happen quickly. The speed of construction of buildings must be in harmony with quality. Farm construction and related structures begins with the project:
Climatic conditions are taken into account
Reliable designs
Advanced quality equipment.
The beginning of construction is an important stage. We begin farm construction from the project. This is a necessary and important stage. Farm project- a warm, dry building equipped with various electrical equipment.
Builders pay special attention to floors and supporting structures during installation work of any agricultural farm. We build new and reconstruct old buildings, always starting with the foundation as the main load-bearing element.
Specialists companiesANTEIGROUP will determine the wear and tear of the main supporting structures. After an inspection of the building, at a meeting, you will be offered reconstruction options. Cow comfort is the key to your successful business.
For each building you can choose any modern material, wall sandwich panels, roofing. As you know, walls protect animals from the cold in winter, and save them from heat in summer. Drafts are contraindicated for cows. As Peter 1 said, drafts will knock down an ox.
The walls need to be made with high quality. They will resist heat loss in barns for many years. By the way, a slab foundation will replace the floors in your barn, reducing costs farm construction.
A very important factor farm construction, this is the heat resistance of the cow housing. The structure must be dry. Otherwise, the winter cold will destroy the livestock. High ceilings and the right slope of the roof will keep the animals cool in summer and warm in winter:
Rising skate
Roof with canopy
Horse-table.
We can set up a farm even on shaky ground. Pile, durable foundation farm project withstands enormous weight. Floors are one of the important design features. The health of the animal, clean skin, shiny coat, and cleanliness of the dairy product depend on the condition of the floor.
At farm construction we can create ventilation in the barn with special construction curtains. They will protect your herd from winter drafts and ultraviolet radiation in summer. Curtains for buildings are needed to create mechanical ventilation. As you know, animals tolerate the cold months more easily than the heat. Drafts are contraindicated for the herd.
The cow itself is a hot animal. The increased temperature in the barn is unnecessary. Construction curtains will help provide good, safe ventilation.
Farm project provides for the convenience of work of cattlemen and milkmen all kinds of connecting corridor systems, fencing, and gates. Directly for processing animals, you need a separate room where cows can freely fit.
The inside of the farm is most often equipped with wooden structures with rounded corners. The gates are upholstered with insulation. To prevent animals from getting hurt.
There are quite a lot of such small nuances. To resolve these construction works, contact well-known companies with experience in such construction. Successful development depends on a reliable developer farm construction and service life. Choose experienced companies. Visit our website. Check out the company's portfolio, including our international construction projects.
Industrial livestock farming is one of the most profitable options for agricultural business, allowing you to receive significant profits regardless of the size of the productive herd and the level of technical equipment of production. To a greater extent, the efficiency of livestock farms is influenced by an integrated approach, which includes a wide range of requirements, starting from choosing a site for the construction of a cattle farm and ending with the preparation of a diet for productive animals. As in any business, there are no trifles here, so before investing effort and money in this type of business, it is necessary to understand all the nuances of the maintenance and industrial use of cattle.
Of course, keeping cattle is a specific type of activity and requires a certain level of training in a variety of fields: from veterinary medicine to economics. Therefore, it would be advisable for a newly minted entrepreneur to study basic information regarding the following points:
Breeding and keeping cattle for the purpose of producing milk and meat is traditionally considered the main direction in animal husbandry.
Due to climatic conditions and the instability of the natural food supply in almost all regions of Russia, maintaining a herd of cattle exclusively for meat production does not meet the requirements of economic feasibility. It is much more profitable to use livestock in an integrated manner, both for milk production and for meat, since cows of modern dairy breeds, which are not demanding in terms of housing conditions, gain significant weight after fattening.
Before placing a bet on beef cattle breeding, it is necessary to conduct a thorough monitoring of the breeding animal market and select for your farm the breeds that are most suitable in terms of productivity and endurance in specific climatic conditions.
Animals of meat breeds require certain conditions of keeping and feeding. First of all, it is the presence of free grazing with a sufficient amount of pasture during three seasons. Feeding beef cattle in winter should also be plentiful and nutritious. Hay, silage, mixed feed, and especially cereals and legumes can provide stable weight gain for productive animals in the absence of pasture.
Some livestock farmers use milk from adult animals to feed calves, since it is not the final product of meat farms. This allows not only to improve the quality of raising livestock, but also to significantly save on maintenance personnel.
Cattle that have reached the most optimal size and weight are slaughtered at the age of 8-10 months for bulls and 14-15 months for heifers. To obtain young meat, cattle are slaughtered upon reaching six months of age.
A farm for dairy cattle has design features related to the specifics of keeping and using a productive herd. The main difference is that the premises are equipped with special equipment for milking and milk quality control.
It should be noted that more stringent requirements are imposed on the maintenance of dairy cattle herds than on raising fattening animals. First of all, this applies to feeding. The diet of dairy cows should contain a sufficient amount of succulent and nutritious feed, stimulating an increase in milk yield, as well as plenty of drinking provided several times a day.
In addition, the comfort of living has a beneficial effect on the lactation of cows, so much attention should be paid directly to the arrangement of the premises. The farm building should be warm, dry, with good air circulation. Dairy stalls must have waste drains to ensure that dairy cows are kept in proper sanitary and hygienic conditions at all times.
Producing meat and milk at home is a completely affordable type of business that allows you to earn a stable income. The most important requirement for starting a business is the availability of appropriate premises. Its main criteria are:
In addition, the specifics of a home farm dictate its requirements for the availability of additional premises: a meat barn must have a workshop for cutting up carcasses, and a dairy barn must have a workshop for bottling and storing milk.
In order to engage in livestock farming, you can take a standard farm project as a basis and make your own adjustments to it in accordance with the chosen direction and method of keeping cattle.
The size of the land plot for building a family farm depends on the number of cattle units and the type of final product that you plan to produce on your farm.
In any case, it must be sufficient to accommodate the actual premises for keeping animals, structures for storing feed and areas for grazing cattle.
In addition, it is advisable to provide areas for storing feed for the winter period, since the lack of its own feed supply negatively affects the final financial result of the farm.
Decisive importance in choosing a land plot is given to the presence of necessary communications or the possibility of their connection, because Without electricity and running water, the functioning of a modern farm is not feasible.
It is worth paying attention to the fertility of the soil, the availability of access roads and the general location of the chosen territory in relation to labor and material resources, as well as possible buyers, since most of the profits from business can be spent on the delivery of service personnel, feed and milk (meat).
In a typical farm design for cattle, it is necessary to provide premises for free-stall livestock keeping or equipment of individual stalls with tethers for each individual. Their correct design, providing drainage channels for timely cleaning, is of great importance, since it allows dairy cows to be kept in good sanitary condition with minimal cleaning costs.
When building a dairy farm, it is important to properly plan transport logistics within the farm, including an automatic milking and water supply system, the structure of feeding and removal of the finished product.
Note! In addition to technological equipment, it is advisable to install truck scales on a livestock farm for weighing livestock and the finished product sent for sale.
With all the variety of breeds of productive animals presented on the modern market, you should choose those that will feel most comfortable in a specific climatic zone.
For a dairy farm, the most preferable cows are those with a rounded body, sharp withers and a large udder. Moreover, the younger the animal purchased, the longer its productive period and the more milk can be obtained from it.
When purchasing cattle for fattening, you need to pay attention to breeds that reach the greatest weight and are the most unpretentious in terms of housing conditions.
Organizing livestock feeding involves equipping the farm with feeders and drinkers. They can be individual or group for several individuals.
The most primitive, but time-tested design of feeders and drinkers is a wooden trough installed along several stalls.
The staff of the cattle farm consists of milkmaids (or machine milking operators), general workers who carry out feeding, cleaning and other necessary operations, a livestock specialist responsible for the health of the herd, an accountant and a sales manager.
Depending on the volume of production, the staff can be expanded or reduced by combining responsibilities.
The amount of capital required to organize a family farm depends on many factors, primarily on the size of the planned herd. But in any case, to start a business you must have at least 500 thousand rubles. The upper limit of investment is limited only by the desire and capabilities of the farmer.
The StroyCompany company offers services for the construction of livestock farms. We specialize in the construction of objects of any complexity, taking into account all the wishes of the customer and observing all modern norms, standards and rules. Such objects also include livestock farms. We offer construction of farms in a short time and at a competitive price.
Today, the construction of livestock farms requires a modern approach and the use of technological innovations. Our company has everything necessary to build livestock farms in almost any area. Specialists go to the site, draw up a project for the future complex, prepare technical documentation and, after agreement with the customer, begin building a livestock complex and individual farms for any number of livestock.
Based on the client’s order and the characteristics of the territory where construction is planned, our company carries out the construction of turnkey livestock farms. This service includes the following types of livestock farms:
The use of prefabricated construction in livestock and agro-industrial complexes is always explained by saving money and quick payback of the project.
The group of companies "StalProfilGroup" offers a full range of services for the design, manufacture and construction of livestock farms from metal structures using turnkey sandwich panels of any scale, both mini-farms and large agricultural complexes.
Prefabricated livestock farms made of metal structures are hangar-type buildings for keeping small and large livestock, pigs, poultry and other animals.
Structures of this type are developed taking into account the specifics of the animals and birds that will be kept there. Therefore, when designing structural metal structures of a truss, the following are taken into account:
Thus, we have established production for the construction of livestock farms, which are quite capable of providing the necessary favorable conditions for the normal functioning of livestock. In addition, the ergonomic organization of the internal space, thought out at the design stage, will greatly facilitate the work of housekeeping, which will positively affect the profitability of your business.
When constructing a farm for keeping animals, metal structures made of galvanized or black welded metal are used, which are subsequently covered with sandwich panels based on min. cotton or polystyrene foam insulation.
Sandwich panel trusses have the following advantages:
Today, farmers are increasingly less likely to give preference to raising cattle, since this activity is burdensome and costly. However, in fact, breeding cows and bulls, as well as obtaining the final product from them, is not so difficult, especially if certain rules for keeping livestock are observed. Taking into account all the important nuances when equipping a farm, you can avoid future problems with the health of cows, and at the same time increase their productivity. In this material we will talk about how to organize a small family farm, and consider the construction of a cattle farm for 50 heads.
When arranging a room for keeping cows, in which they will spend either a significant part of their life, with pasture rearing, or even their whole life, with tether rearing, it is necessary to take into account many different factors:
Let's look at the mentioned nuances in the table below.
Table 1. Parameters of the regime established in premises for keeping livestock
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| A parameter such as temperature has a significant impact on the processes of the heat exchange category that take place in the body of animals. So, in order for the mentioned processes to take place inside the animal’s body as efficiently as possible, the temperature range in the barn should fluctuate, depending on the breed of the cattle, from +4 to +20°C. |
| Increased humidity in the barn can lead to the animals living inside becoming hypothermic and getting sick, or, conversely, overheating due to difficult heat transfer. Excessive “drying out” of the air should also not be allowed, since in this case the mucous membranes, skin and other parts of the body of cows and bulls will begin to lose moisture and various diseases will occur. The optimal humidity level you will need to maintain on your farm is 50-70%. |
| Ventilation in the barn is needed to ensure that gaseous waste products of cows, such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, etc., are removed from it. Provided that natural ventilation does not work, it will be necessary to equip industrial hoods. In addition, so that harmful feces that emit gases do not penetrate into the cracks in the floor, it is better to make the coating immediately airtight. |
| To maintain animal health at the proper level, it is necessary to arrange the barn so that the animals can receive enough natural light. The rays of the sun cause such natural processes as: In order for light to penetrate into the barn, it is necessary to equip it with windows. In winter, when there is not enough natural lighting due to shortening daylight hours, it will be necessary to connect artificial lighting. |
There is one more factor that must be taken into account when equipping a farm for 50 heads. The fact is that all installed mechanical equipment does not operate silently. Just like humans, cows and bulls do not do well in noise pollution. In other words, their productivity will decline. Therefore, when installing any equipment, you will also have to take care of its noise insulation. The overall noise level in the barn cannot exceed 70 decibels.
It turns out that for a farm in which it is planned to house 50 animals, it is necessary to allocate 500 square meters of area.
You are free to determine the location of the barn yourself, but it is better that it:
The materials from which you will build the barn can be presented:
The technology for constructing this farm premises can be:
We immediately warn you that the second option is much simpler and cheaper.
However, you can take a simplified route with frame technology, making a “skeleton” of the building from gradually increasing metal arches from a thick profile.
Table 2. Approximate cost of constructing a building from various materials and construction time
| Material for construction | Price |
|---|---|
| Brick hangar | The construction of a square meter of a brick building will cost approximately 13 thousand rubles. The building of the size we need will be erected in approximately 8-12 months. |
| Sandwich panel barn | One square meter of a building made from the presented material will cost you 8 thousand rubles. At the same time, the construction time for the building will be significantly reduced: construction will take in this case from 3 to 6 months. |
| Wooden beam | Wooden beams are an environmentally friendly material suitable for constructing a barn. It will take about 9 thousand rubles to erect a square meter of a building from the required material, and construction will last six months to a year. |
| Frame type construction | The construction of a frame structure will cost an additional 3.5 thousand per square meter, while the construction will take 3 months longer than previous figures. |
When building a barn, you need to focus on the following indicators:
Windows must be placed so that the barn is filled with light and air, however, they are located at a height that cows and bulls cannot reach.
It is better to fill the floor in the barn in a single layer so that manure does not penetrate into small cracks, which will ferment and emit gases harmful to the health of livestock.
In order for the feces emitted by cows to flow into the slurry gutters themselves, it is necessary to make the floor with a slope of 2 centimeters, but no more, since otherwise you will provoke the development of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in cows and bulls.
It would be best to fill the floor with cement and put a thick layer of bedding on top, which, when kept in a stall, is removed every day and replaced with clean material.
If you decide to make a plank floor, then you definitely need to use clay, since without it the boards will quickly become damp and begin to rot.
The ceiling of a barn, as a rule, is made using a special technology. We will look at which one exactly in the following instructions.
Step No. 1 - collecting materials
The ceiling is not only part of the room, but also an element of the ventilation system, the proper functioning of which will ensure good health for your horned charges. Therefore, it must be performed according to the rules, using the following materials:
Having collected the necessary materials, move on to the next point.
Step No. 2 - stuffing the boards
The length of the boards used for the barn should correspond to the width of the barn ceiling. If the boards are a little longer, you will have to cut them down using a jigsaw and measuring tape. However, most often this is not required, since the second end of the board simply extends slightly beyond the ceiling frame.
The boards must be laid close to each other, leaving only the smallest gaps between them, through which not even a grain of sand could squeeze through. When laying the boards, they are secured on each side of the frame with nails.
Step No. 3 - coat the cracks with clay
The laid boards must be thoroughly coated with creamy clay in order to close the cracks through which a draft usually passes, which seriously affects the incidence of disease in animals.
When coating the boards, do not skimp on clay. The better you caulk the ceiling, the warmer your cattle will be.
Step No. 4 - lay insulation
As insulation, you can use various special building materials, which are not cheap, but give an amazing effect.
However, if your budget is limited, it is rational to choose a material as a vapor barrier insulation that will be inexpensive but give a positive effect. We are talking, for example, about:
It is best to make the insulation layer really impressive, 15 centimeters each. In cold regions, this figure should be doubled.
The final stage of arranging the ceiling is to insulate it with sawdust or sand, or maybe with professional insulation material
Inside the barn you will need to place your own for each individual:
The minimum stall dimensions, which usually vary depending on the breed of livestock, will be 1.7 meters by 1.1 meters.
The floor of each stall is covered with sawdust. If the cow spends part of the day on the pasture, then this sawdust is changed every few days, but if the cow is kept in a stall, the sawdust is changed every day. Instead, you can put straw or any other similar soft material, which will cheaply and effectively provide cows and bulls with constant access to a dry rookery.
In the back of each stall, while the floor is being poured, a slurry collector is made - a gutter responsible for the accumulation of cow excrement. Its width is approximately 20 centimeters. The gutter is also poured at an angle so that the manure from it goes further into the feces collection.
In front of the stall, on the side where the cow's head is located, it is necessary to install a feeder and drinking bowl for the cow or bull. Feeders, as a rule, are continuous, for several individuals at once, and therefore are made in the form of a trench, the length of which is equal to the length of several stalls at the same time. The parameters of such feeders will be as follows:
Such feeders are easy to make; they can even be made from several boards connected to each other.
It is best to make feeders from metal or plastic, as they are the easiest to clean. Wood is undoubtedly an environmentally friendly material, however, it involves difficulties associated with washing.
The calf cages are located next to their mothers' stalls. They are done like this:
Each cage must also be equipped with a separate drinker and feeder.
A cattle farm, even a modest one of only 50 heads, requires careful preparation. To build it, you will have to decide at the initial stage on many different nuances, choosing the material of the walls, the method of constructing the stalls, the type of feeders and drinkers, the heating element, etc.
If you are a beginner farmer, it is better to seek the help of professional construction teams involved in the construction of agricultural premises, otherwise you will simply waste your hard-earned money.
However, if you have been farming before, it is worth trying your hand and saving money by doing at least some of the work yourself.
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