Any, without exception, structure made of any block materials, will be constantly exposed natural phenomena– swelling of the soil, settlement of the building, other ground movement. In addition, increased winds and rain can also affect the integrity of the entire building. It is to eliminate various movements of the building that a concrete reinforced belt is installed over the walls. We’ll talk about how to make an armored belt with your own hands in this article.
A reinforcing belt, or as it is sometimes called a seismic belt, makes it possible improve strength throughout the house, and also allows prevent cracking of walls as a result of soil movement with the foundation and under the influence of atmospheric phenomena. In addition, if you make an armored belt correctly, it Allows for even distribution of loads from the roof above it or concrete floors.
Please pay attention! Even if the floors in the house are made of wood, the need to make an armored belt does not disappear. The type of overlap does not determine whether to make an armored belt or not. In any case, the belt should close all the walls.
Everything is clear about the purpose of the armored belt. Now a few words about its design. An ordinary reinforced belt has two standard elements - a rigid volumetric frame made of reinforcement, as well as the concrete in which it is located. In general, everything is quite simple, but making an armored belt with your own hands without studying your features will probably be difficult.
In order to determine the complexity of the work, as well as for a more detailed analysis of how a reinforced belt is made, we will break down the manufacturing technology into several stages. We can say that we will provide specific instructions for making an armored belt.
It is necessary to begin assembling the frame by installing pieces of reinforcement at the top of the wall. To do this, you either need to simply drive in pieces, if the density of the material allows it, or drill holes and insert pieces into them. The reinforcement is installed at the intersection points of the walls and along the entire perimeter of the structure every 1-1.5 meters. The segments are installed in squares of four pieces; they will determine the dimensions of the entire frame. After this, you need to secure the lower longitudinal row of reinforcement at a height of 3-4 cm from the top edge of the wall. To do this, longitudinal rods are tied to vertically mounted pins using knitting wire. In this way, two parallel rods are secured.
After the longitudinal reinforcement is installed, it must be connected with short jumpers every 2.5-3 cm. For jumpers, you need to use pieces of reinforcement.
Vertical sections are also installed in a similar way. The upper longitudinal row of reinforcement will later be attached to them. The top row will be attached in the same way and with the same pitch as the horizontal one. The length of the segments will depend on the total thickness of the armored belt. The recommended thickness of the armored belt is 200 – 250 mm. From these dimensions it is necessary to determine the length of the vertical segments. Longitudinal reinforcement bars are again attached to the vertical sections, which are then secured with transverse sections. In general, everything is exactly the same as with the lower level of the longitudinal rods.
At this stage, you can proceed in two ways: either install permanent formwork, or make a collapsible one from boards. The most the best option There will be a collapsible design. It is assembled from almost any boards or sheet materials. During the construction of the formwork, it is necessary to monitor its upper edge - the difference should not be more than 1 cm.
The ideal option would be combined system, in which on one side it will be non-removable, and on the other, after the poured solution has hardened, it will be removed. If the facade is finished with any material or insulated, then front side you can install permanent polystyrene formwork, which will later become one of the elements of the insulating layer. On the inside you can set regular board or OSB, which can be fixed with improvised hardware and fasteners. The same cannot be said about working with foam concrete, which has its own.
The most difficult moment here will be connecting the two parts of the armored belt formwork. Here you need to approach it with all responsibility and think about how to connect two opposite parts in such a way that the poured concrete does not crush them on the sides. To do this, you need to secure wooden spacers along the upper edge of the formwork in increments of 30–40 cm, and you can also tighten it with wire. To fasten with wire, you need to drill holes in the boards and thread the wire through, which will tighten the two parts of the structure. After the solution hardens, simply bite off this wire with side cutters and it will remain inside the armored belt. After screeding, you can begin next stage construction of a reinforcing belt.
Everything here is not difficult enough, except for lifting the concrete inside the formwork from above the wall. But this issue can be easily sorted out when ordering. Companies providing concrete delivery services have the opportunity to order a concrete pump, which pumps the solution to any point of the reinforced belt being poured.
Let's also say a few words about quality concrete mixture and about the method of preparing it if you cook it yourself. When ordering, the brand must be at least B15. But if you cook on your own, the composition will be as follows: one bucket of cement and two buckets of crushed stone and sand. It is best to prepare the concrete mixture thicker, because... it will not crush the formwork too much. However, such a solution has its own nuance - the mixture in the formwork must be carefully compacted and compacted. Ideally, a deep vibrator is used for this, but it is not often found in domestic construction. For compaction, you can use either a piece of reinforcement or a piece of wooden block, with which the entire solution in the formwork is carefully compacted.
The final stage of making an armored belt with your own hands is to control the hardening of the concrete. Immediately after pouring the concrete mixture, it is best to cover it with cellophane film. This is necessary to reduce moisture loss and the appearance of cracks in the armored belt. After a few days, when the initial strength has been gained, the formwork can be removed (removable). By the way, we advise you to read the article ““.
That's basically all. Let us clarify only one detail, which concerns the waterproofing of the armored belt. Usually a mauerlat is laid on the armored belt for further installation of the roof. To do this, you need to lay roofing felt or other modern material on the concrete surface. bitumen material for waterproofing. In this way, you can protect the base of your roof from incoming moisture from the walls.
Any house during operation is exposed to the destructive effects of various natural phenomena:
Concrete reinforcing belts, like hoops in a barrel, tighten the walls of the house. The frame of the house acquires spatial rigidity, allowing the house to more successfully withstand the elements and avoid cracking.
Reinforced belt– monolithic reinforced concrete strip covering brick house, a house made of aerated concrete or others around the entire perimeter.
A system of several armored belts at different levels forms a spatial structure that promotes a more uniform distribution of loads on the walls of the house.
The main functions of reinforcement in the walls of a house:
According to their location and functions, reinforcing belts are divided into:
Grillage is part of the foundation, performed under all load-bearing walls of the house.
With a pile construction, the foundation is usually located above ground level (high), combining individual foundation piles into a single structure. Evenly distributes point loads from pile heads over the entire wall box.
Raised grillage located at ground level. Covers the upper edge of the walls of the recessed strip foundation from blocks. May be integral part shallow strip foundation.
Recessed grillage performed between the lower edge of the walls of a buried strip foundation and the surface of the earth.
Base armored belt rests directly on the foundation, fastens the lower part load-bearing walls Houses. Actually, it can be fully attributed to the family of armored belts quite conditionally.
The presence of doorways will not allow it to be continuous under the entire perimeter of the external walls of the house, which significantly reduces its functionality. This type of armored belt can be recommended in cases where the rigidity of a block foundation without grillages is in doubt. If there is a grillage in the foundation, it is redundant.
Interfloor armored belt serves as a support for the floor slabs of each floor. Must be compulsory. Prevents walls from coming apart and floor slabs from falling during the operation of the house.
Unloading armored belt evenly distributes the load from the roof onto the walls of the house. Allows you to simply and reliably attach the Mauerlat to the wall.
Let's consider what tools and materials are needed to make a reinforcing belt.
Manufacturing of formwork:
Reinforcing frame:
Concrete work at self-cooking concrete:
And one more tool that is worth dwelling on separately. This is a submersible vibrator for concrete compaction. Even if you have to purchase one to pour one grillage, the gain in the quality of the resulting concrete will justify these costs. A simple hand-held vibrator with a hose length of 1 meter and a mace diameter of 35 mm is quite sufficient for the job.
Making armored belts with your own hands is a completely solvable task. At correct device process, the result of its solution will be a reliable basis under beams floors and will bring you only positive impressions.
Sequence of actions in the manufacture of a reinforcing belt:
Measurements are being taken. According to the obtained dimensions, shields are made from boards on the ground. It is very convenient to use OSB strips reinforced with a frame of wooden slats.
Shields rise up the wall. The top edge of the shields is leveled. The height difference along the entire length of the grillage is no more than 1 cm. The lower edge is fixed to the wall. For fastening it is convenient to use quick installation 6x100 mm.
Special attention attention should be paid to the tightness of joints and corner connections. Concrete that leaks through the cracks during pouring forms unsightly streaks on the wall and air cavities in the body of the armored belt.
After assembly and installation In the formwork of the reinforcement frame, parallel formwork panels are connected to each other by cutting boards laid across the reinforcement belt and fixed with self-tapping screws.
It must be remembered that when pouring concrete, the formwork structure absorbs large static and dynamic load. Poor fastening of the formwork elements leads to extrusion of the walls by the poured concrete. This unpleasant situation should be avoided. Properly assembled formwork has sufficient strength and rigidity. It should not bend when the weight of a person presses on it.
The reinforcement frame is a spatial structure of 4 – 6 longitudinally located reinforcement rods with a diameter of 12 – 14 mm, fastened together by vertical and transverse jumpers.
As vertical and cross lintels It is convenient to use rectangles of reinforcing wire with a diameter of 6 mm.
Sequencing:
Frame elements should not be connected using electric arc welding. The frame metal at the welding site overheats and loses its strength properties. Also, you should not try to connect the connections with thick wire and as firmly as possible.
The twists must ensure the integrity of the frame during transportation and pouring with concrete. After hardening, the concrete adheres firmly to the reinforcement. The strength of the twists has no effect on the resulting strength of the grillage.
Along the length, the rods are joined to an overlap of at least 35 - 40 diameters of the reinforcement and are fastened together with knitting wire. The rods must be joined not in one place, but in a run-up, with a certain interval from each other.
The gap between the reinforcement and the edges of the concrete must be at least 50 mm thick.
You can purchase concrete or prepare it yourself using a concrete mixer.
Concrete work with imported concrete
If it is possible for a concrete truck to approach construction site, it is worth considering this option. Can be ordered quality concrete required brand. It is advisable to fill the grillage at one time, without interruptions; a concrete mixer will perfectly provide this opportunity. When pouring a grillage at a height, it is very convenient to use the services of a concrete pump.
Advice. When making concrete in a concrete mixer, try using concrete additives. This will not require large expenses, but the properties and quality of the resulting concrete will pleasantly surprise you.
Superplasticizers give the concrete mixture fluidity with less water. Concrete is easier to pour; less water provides greater strength and frost resistance.
Strength accelerators– after a day you can remove the formwork, after two to three days you can continue working further. Directions for use: Simply add to water when mixing concrete.
I think you should immediately refuse offers to prepare concrete with a shovel. Low quality concrete, non-compliance with the preparation recipe, long breaks in pouring are practically guaranteed.
During the first 24 hours after pouring, the concrete must be covered from sun rays and protect from moisture evaporation. In the future, periodically water the surface concrete structure water.
The safety of operation and durability of the house you built largely depend on the correct choice of design of reinforcing belts and compliance with the technology for performing the work.
If you engage third-party specialists to carry out work on the manufacture of the grillage, first carefully study the entire sequence of actions literally step by step.
Find the time and opportunity to personally monitor the entire progress of the work, since all the shortcomings and mistakes of the workers will be hidden under a layer of concrete and will appear much later, when their correction will be very difficult or impossible.
If a house is built from block materials, it is often exposed to natural influences. In particular, the building settles, the soil around it swells, etc. well and strong wind and long rainfalls - negatively affect the integrity of the structure. To protect against such influences, an armored belt is created with your own hands from concrete on top of the walls. In our article we would like to talk about the manufacturing technology of the reinforcing belt, as well as its purpose.
Reinforcing belt (seismic belt) - increases the reliability of the house and prevents the appearance of cracks. They, in turn, are formed when the soil moves or is exposed to precipitation. Such an element helps to evenly distribute the loads from heavy structures located above it.
For example, concrete floors are laid just on top of the reinforcing belt. Many people make the mistake of thinking that wooden floors do not need. This is far from true - this element is needed to close the walls of any house. IN in this case, the type of overlap does not matter. After all, as you know, houses are built to last for many centuries, and not for short term.
Nowadays everything construction technologies primarily aimed at ensuring maximum stability of the buildings being built and increasing the service life. After all construction projects are exposed to enormous influence of natural factors. Therefore, building structures must be properly strengthened. One of these fortifications is the armored belt.
An armored belt is a monolithic reinforced concrete contour that is placed on all the main walls of the building, connecting them into a single frame.
The main task of the armored belt is to distribute a uniform load on the load-bearing walls of the building and on the foundation.
The reinforced belt is laid at several levels of the building under construction, in the foundation, under the floor slabs and under the mauerlat (beam on which the roof rafters rest).
There are several reasons that determine the need for an armored belt when building a house:
Strengthening your home is not always necessary. Let's consider situations in which the construction of an armored belt can be neglected:
If the soil on the site is weak and not very stable, for example, dusty sand, loess, clay, loam or peat, then the construction of an armored belt is mandatory.
The same is true if the walls of a house are built from light and fragile expanded clay concrete, foam concrete or aerated concrete blocks - the answer is obvious, an armored belt is needed! This is because these blocks are not designed for ground movements and point loads coming from the floor slabs.
Device technique monolithic armored belt similar to the technology of pouring a conventional monolithic foundation:
Some additional nuances, subtleties and minor changes in technology depend on the location of the reinforced concrete belt.
Basic unloading armored belt or Base (1st level - under the foundation) - this structure bears a lot of effort from the entire mass of the building and the reaction of the soil. The base is reinforced with a reinforcement frame, repeats the location of the main walls and is concreted when forming a strip foundation.
Base armored belt (2nd level - above the foundation) - the width of this belt should correspond to the thickness of the walls and proportionally distribute the forces acting on the base.
Armobelt between floors for floor slabs - this solid reinforced concrete belt is located between the upper level of the walls of the house and those located between the floors concrete slabs ceilings Its task is to ensure the immobility of load-bearing walls and prevent cracks from appearing in them. It distributes the loads from the interfloor slabs onto the building contour and reduces the likelihood of openings being deformed.
Armopoyas last floor under the Mauerlat - this reinforced belt is poured after the construction of the last floor and serves as the basis for the Mauerlat. It compensates for the load from the roof itself and additionally from precipitation, snow and wind.
In order to significantly reduce the pressure of the house on the ground, the armored belt under the foundation should be made 30-40 cm wider than the main concrete strip of the foundation. And its thickness, depending on the number of floors, can vary from 40 cm to 50 cm.
The armored belt of the first level is made for all load-bearing walls of the building, and not just along the perimeter of the external walls. The reinforcement frame for it is made exclusively by knitting, and no welding. Welding can only be used when preliminary connecting the main reinforcement into a common spatial structure.
The diameter of the main reinforcement is 16-20 mm. The diameter of the transverse clamps is from 8 to 10 mm. Step - no more than 20 cm.
It is very important that when pouring concrete into the foundation, the reinforcement cage does not come into contact with the base. The fittings should be recessed in the middle. This can be achieved by placing pebbles or halves of bricks under the frame. This will save the metal frame from the corrosion process (rust).
Filling reinforced belt concrete must be done in one go. This is necessary in order to avoid joints that reduce the strength of the structure.
Before you begin to build walls on the foundation, you need to fill in the base reinforced belt. At its core, it is a continuation of the main foundation and serves as an additional strengthening of the building.
If to knit the frame for the first level of the reinforced belt, 8 rods of the main reinforcement were needed, then to knit the frame for the reinforced belt of the second level, it will be enough to use 4 rods of reinforcement with a diameter of 14 to 18 mm and clamps with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm.
The structure is poured along the perimeter of the building along the external walls. The average height is from 20 to 40 cm. Concrete for pouring the base reinforced belt - M200 or higher.
The reinforced belt of the first level is the basis of the house, and the basement belt is an addition and reinforcement load-bearing capacity armored belt for the foundation. Therefore, if the armored belt of the first level was filled with high quality, then the belt of the second level (basement) can be made not so strong.
In general, we can say that a combination of high-quality armored belts of the first and second levels is a guarantee of the reliability and durability of the foundation on any soil.
If under construction multi-story building, then the floor slabs carry heavy loads on the walls. In order to reduce this load, at the junction height, between the wall and the floor slabs, it is also necessary to install a reinforced belt. It is poured along the perimeter of the external walls and has a height of approximately 20 to 40 cm. As for the width of the armored belt, it should preferably be equal to the width of the wall.
The distance between the slab and the belt should not exceed the width of 1-2 bricks. The ideal distance would be 10 to 15 cm.
The reinforcement frame for the interfloor belt is knitted in the form of a mesh of two-core reinforcing rods with a thickness of 10 to 12 mm.
If the masonry of the building walls is made of aerated concrete blocks, then two thin blocks can be placed at the edges as formwork and a reinforcement frame can be installed between them and concrete can be poured.
For walls 40 cm thick, 10 cm partition blocks can be used as formwork.
If the wall thickness is less than 40 cm, then in standard aerated concrete block You can cut out a gutter yourself to place a reinforced belt in it. Or buy a special one in advance aerated concrete U-block with a ready-made gutter.
The reinforced belt, which is installed under the roof, makes it possible to firmly fasten the roof (mauerlat + rafters) and install wooden and concrete floors between the attic and the top floor.
The armored belt for the Mauerlat, compared to other belts, is the smallest in width. This is acceptable since the vertical load that falls on this belt is minimal.
The Mauerlat is attached to the reinforced belt using threaded anchor pins, the diameter of which should be from 10 to 16 mm. Depending on the shape of the bolts, they are welded to the reinforcement frame or simply inserted into the concrete and held in it due to their curvature.
In order not to encounter difficulties later, the location of the anchor studs and the distance between them must be calculated in advance, so that in the future they will be in the middle between the rafter structures. The main thing is that rafter legs then they didn’t match the studs. After pouring concrete, the length of the studs should be sufficient to install the Mauerlat on them and secure it with two nuts and a washer; this is approximately the height of the Mauerlat + 4 cm.
Also, when manufacturing a reinforcement frame, it is necessary to take into account its width and height so that, when concrete is poured, between the frame and outer surface there was at least 3-5 cm of concrete.
In the construction of large houses, especially several storey ones, it is mandatory to make the reinforcing belt strictly from reinforced concrete, but for small outbuildings, where powerful reinforcement is not required, the belt is laid out of brick.
The design of the reinforced brick belt consists of 3 to 5 rows brickwork, reinforced with reinforcing mesh. A steel mesh of wire with a diameter of 4-5 mm, with a cell size of approximately 3-4 cm, is placed on the mortar in the seams of each row of bricks.
The width of the brick belt should be equal to the width of the load-bearing wall.
Sometimes, in order to enhance the strength of the structure, bricks are placed not horizontally, but vertically at the ends.
In terms of thermal insulation, the reinforcing belt does not perform very well and through it in winter time every year some amount of heat is lost. Because of what inside Condensation may form, which leads to mold formation.
To avoid this, when constructing an armored belt, it must be insulated with outside using thermal insulation materials.
“What to insulate the armored belt with,” you ask. There are several possible answers to this question. The most common material is polystyrene foam, but polystyrene foam and aerated concrete can also be used.
The main thing is that before knitting the reinforcement frame and pouring concrete, you need to take into account and remember to leave space (from the outer edge of the wall) for laying insulation.
For the manufacture of reinforced belts under interfloor ceilings And rafter systems, the minimum requirement is to use concrete grade M200 or M250, or higher. The required concrete can be purchased ready-made or mixed yourself using M400 cement.
In order to make concrete yourself, it is important to know the proportions of the components.
The amount of water in concrete should be minimal, and to impart plasticity, a plasticizer is used - an additive that increases the mobility and fluidity of concrete.As for the water-cement ratio. It should be in the range from 0.5 to 0.7 per unit of cement, in other words, for 10 parts of cement there should be from 5 to 7 parts of water.
Excessive amounts of water in concrete negatively affect its performance and make it less durable.
The cost of the armored belt is always calculated individually for all specific projects. The main parameters of the structure and the materials from which the house will be built are taken into account.
First of all, depending on what the walls of the building are made of, the technology for manufacturing armored belts for the foundation, for the floor (roof) and if the building has several floors, then for interfloor ceilings is determined.
As a rule, reinforcement belts are required when building a house from lightweight materials, such as aerated concrete, slag concrete, foam concrete, polystyrene concrete, expanded clay concrete and wood concrete concrete. This is because blocks made from these materials do not have high strength and are afraid of high seismic activity, unstable soils and point pressure from the roof.
Calculating the cost of filling an armored belt is a simple task, since houses are almost always different and in each project there are many factors that will influence the final price.
If you seek the services of a private foreman Mikhail Dolgikh, he will help determine and calculate all the work on installing an armored belt for your home.
The cost of filling a reinforced belt will be 250 rubles. per linear meter.
Only professional builders should trust the installation of the harness.
When choosing performers of work, pay attention only to highly specialized professionals who have been working in their field for many years and are well familiar with the installation features of this type of structure.
The cost of the work must include payment for the crew, all the machinery and equipment necessary for construction.
With a qualified construction team you can do reliable design at home, and an experienced foreman will help you minimize the time and costs according to the estimate.
To find out the price of an armored belt in your home project, contact our specialist using the contacts listed on the website.
In any type of construction it is necessary to form additional reinforcement and rigidity of structures. An excellent example is a unifying reinforcing belt based on concrete. When installing it, separate construction tools and a detailed arrangement of reinforcement will be required. It is also important to take into account the specifics of load-bearing walls and ceilings that will bear the load from this type of structure.
When choosing the location features of the armored belt, you can use different kinds reinforcement, depending on the type of structure and their weight. Today this can be reinforcement made of metal alloys, as well as fiberglass reinforcement. In the latter case, the weight of structures will be reduced and the process of forming reinforcement will be simplified.
Before starting work and forming the armored belt, it will be important to study in detail necessary materials and tools. This will eliminate wastage of time and create a reliable and durable design.
Selection and list of materials:
It will also be important to decide on the entire list construction tools, namely:
This list of tools can be supplemented, taking into account the specifics of reinforcement and the complexity of the project being formed. But when doing more simple designs this will be quite enough.
In this case, it is important to have an additional kit Supplies. And also, do not take the volume of consumables exactly according to the size of the armored belt being formed, but order from stocks of 15-25%.
Getting quality constructive solutions, will be necessary in case of adding additional rigidity to the building. And also this monolithic design option allows you to more evenly distribute the load from higher-lying floors or rafter systems.
The created structure allows you to obtain a solid foundation for placing the next floor and create additional rigidity for all walls of the building. This is especially true when there are large window openings, and load-bearing walls and individual elements are located pointwise along the entire perimeter of the building. In the case of large openings, the monolithic belt performs the additional function of lintels, making it possible to combine the entire building structure at one level. This will give greater rigidity to all external walls and internal partitions.
Also, an armored belt can be erected, in case pile foundation, performing similar functions if it is necessary to distribute the load from the future overlap of the first and subsequent floors.
Before installing the entire structure, it is necessary to understand that the implementation of reinforced outlets or the presence of embedded parts will connect the structures below and the proposed floors above. Therefore, when concreting, the reinforcement is laid metal elements, which perform this function.
This video will tell you in detail about the purpose of the armored belt.
The implementation of an armored belt will require a clear understanding of the location of this type of structure. This may be a solution that only tightens external walls building, or can act as a monolithic solution for the entire complex of walls. In this case, three are formed common element, namely:
It is worth understanding that the implementation of an armored belt will allow, at a certain stage, to evenly distribute the loads from the structures located above. Therefore, it is performed in separate areas of the building, namely:
This together allows you to remove excess load from load-bearing structures and evenly transfer weight into door and window openings, where there is no significant amount building materials. Or vice versa, in the case of lungs building structures and complex glazing options to reduce the load on window and door structures.
The construction must be carried out at the same level, with a detailed calculation of the amount of reinforcement and the area of the union load-bearing elements. If we're talking about O low-rise construction, but it must be a frame made of reinforcement with a cross-section of 12 mm and a spatial reinforcement grid must be formed. This will be a solution with two rows of reinforcement in lower belt and accordingly in the upper one. The volume by weight should not exceed 25-35% of the total amount of materials.
This video will tell you under what walls and partitions the armored belt is installed
In the process of building structures, it is important to determine the placement of window and door openings. This will make it possible to place additional racks and supports under the formwork.
It is also worth worrying about the quality of fastening of the formwork. This is done on the underlying supporting structures by drilling screws and installing spacers. The resulting solutions in the case of placement of reinforcement are best carried out in separate sections, combining them at corners and places of wall joints. Above the windows and doorways It is worth strengthening the frame by adding additional reinforcement. Similar decisions must be made at the corners of joining and abutting walls.
In the process of accepting concrete, it is important to completely fill the entire volume without cutting off individual elements. This will allow you to get working structure to unite the entire building. At high temperatures, it will be important to water the concrete, not allowing it to dry out quickly, until it reaches its design strength within 7 days.
When choosing formwork, you should consider the permanent use of the structure or a one-time solution. If this permanent jobs, Related monolithic construction, then you should worry about availability of light multifunctional formwork from panels. But if we are talking about a one-time solution, then the usual lumber will be enough.
The choice should be towards the board with minimum thickness 4-5 cm. The width of the lumber is formed taking into account the future armored belt. These can be boards of 100 and 150 mm knocked together or alternating lumber with a width of 100 and 200 mm. The resulting shields must be placed around the entire perimeter of the walls and supporting structures. Above the door and window openings, additional support reinforcements are installed.
During the formwork process, it is important to place not only external fasteners, but also to tighten the external panels with wire or using boards. This will prevent the wooden panels from moving outward.
In the process of forming an armored belt, it is important to perform a certain sequence of work, namely:
Before you start receiving the concrete mixture, it is worth checking the reliability of the formwork being installed. The panels should fit snugly against the walls and be firmly fastened to each other. If necessary, provide additional fastening by installing supports made of boards along the perimeter of the formwork.
It is also important to determine the correct level to which the concrete will be poured and subsequently the entire building mixture will be leveled.
In this video you can familiarize yourself in detail with the technology of installing an armored belt with your own hands.
Before starting work, it is important to calculate the reinforcement cross-section in detail. Select the height of the future armored belt and allow a detailed study of the joining points of each of the lower elements. This will make it possible to obtain a uniformly loaded structure and foundation for placing subsequent building elements.
It is also important to ensure a high-quality combination of load-bearing walls and armored belts, due to additional metal parts and fasteners inside the frame. This can be done by drilling reinforcement into the walls and attaching metal embedded parts.
