Any type of foundation has a transitional element that separates the soil surface from the walls of the structure. It's called a plinth. This part acts as a supporting structure.
It is also a decorative component of the building. The use of modern building materials allows you to make the base more durable and durable.
How to close the foundation from the outside? The correct answer to this question will allow you to beautifully decorate the exterior of the house and protect it from harmful natural influences.
For finishing works you will need to perform the following operations:
The advantages of this method:
Finishing the basement is carried out after pouring the tape base:
Advantages of brick finishing:
When considering the question of how to close the foundation from the outside, one should consider the types of basement structures. They may be different.
Smooth, located on the same level with the facade coating of the structure. Among experts, this option is not considered optimal. But, despite this, it is widely used in individual construction.
Speakers. The structure protrudes outward from the wall surface. This method is most often used in the construction wooden houses. It is also used in the construction of a room with a warm underground.
An ebb is mounted on the protruding part to remove water. Be sure to carry out waterproofing of the basement.
sinking. In such structures, the wall surface protrudes beyond the basement. In this case, there is no need to protect the basement from the effects of precipitation.
After completion of the main stage of construction building structure, many people have a question about how to close the foundation from the outside so that the house looks attractive and at the same time additional protection functions are carried out.
Most often, the problem of closing the basement gap occurs during the construction of structures with a pile foundation. The basement space has an unattractive appearance. It is not enough to simply mask the foundation.
To create a reliable coating, you can use a pick-up - a jumper, which includes brick, reinforced concrete or stone. It is installed between the pile foundation.
Work is carried out using ceramic bricks or concrete, metal hooks (they are used to connect the lower part of the foundation and masonry); asbestos-cement slabs; reinforcing mesh.
Watch the video to find out the nuances of closing the pile foundation from the outside:
In order to build a structure you will need:
In order to make concreting, it is necessary to purchase: reinforcing mesh, steel wire or rods, asbestos-cement slabs or boards treated with an antiseptic, formwork material and cement-sand mixture.
Around it is necessary to build a formwork, install reinforcement, then pour it with a concrete solution.
Be sure to insulate the basement from moisture. Waterproofing is laid between the base and the plinth.
If brick or stone was used to create the basement surface, a layer of roofing material should be placed between the rows of masonry or bitumen should be poured. In the case of concreting, the insulation is made in two layers.
For insulation, it is better to use foam sheets. They must be placed inside the structure. The insulation must exceed the height of the ceiling.
To fix the foam, you can use special glue. After laying the insulation, you should proceed to final finishing. It can be done with:
How to close the foundation from the outside, imitating brickwork - look at the video:
If you have already built a house and did not finish the base, you should quickly start solving this problem. The house will become much warmer, it will acquire more beautiful view. You will feel comfort not only inside the room, but also contemplating it from the outside.
Most people who started building a house on stilts think about how and what to close pile foundation outside. It is quite easy to do this, the main thing is to decide on the material and calculate its required amount. Such a building, where the pile-screw foundation is completely closed from the outside, looks much more aesthetically pleasing than one in which the base is open.
The pile foundation is masked in several ways, that is, there are options for how to close the base in pile screw foundation there are several, this is done with:
In the first case, light and thin materials from wood, composite or polymers. They are attached to piles or a frame. It's over economical way closing the pile foundation, the arrangement of which will not take much time. In addition, the above materials give a very small load on the screw supports.
For the second method, a brick is used, a natural stone, cinder blocks, concrete and others, durable and heavy Construction Materials. The design turns out to be more reliable, durable, better protecting the pile frame.
The most popular building materials for finishing pile foundations:
When choosing any option for finishing the foundation, it is necessary to leave at least 2 auditory openings for ventilation. They should be on opposite sides.
The basement is that part of the foundation of the building, which performs one of the most important functions- protective. The protective function of finishing the foundation from the outside is:
In addition, the closed foundation of the building does not allow various living creatures to arrange their dwellings under the building.
Edged board is an excellent construction and finishing material, it can also be used to close the pile foundation from the outside.
But, like any material, edged board It also has its drawbacks:
In order to ensure a long service life of the material, it must be periodically coated with various protective compounds.
The approximate cost of an edged board 25x100 mm is 7,000-11,000 rubles per cubic meter.
Brick is fake diamond rectangular shape, whose dimensions are 250x120x65 cm. It is used as a building and finishing material.
It is made from mineral materials, so it has the properties of natural stone.
To disadvantages this material can be attributed:
You can start work on arranging the basement at any time. It is even desirable when the construction of the house has already been completed and all engineering communications have been connected to it.
After building a house, the question arises of how to sheathe the foundation. Usually the question of how to close the foundation is decided at the stage exterior finish. Moreover, both a monolithic strip foundation made of concrete and a columnar foundation need to be finished.
Now columnar foundations are very common, when the foundation of the house is not made solid, but in the form of rows of supports. Such foundations include screw column foundations, SIP foundations, classic columnar foundations, foundations from standard concrete piles, and many others. It is better to close the gaps between the piles with something.
The best choice in order to sew up the base, there will be a monolithic wall of concrete or stone. It will stay on piles, and ensure their stable position in space, and is able to reliably close the basement from dust, dirt and rodents. This is very important for houses made of stone materials, aerated concrete. Piles can move relative to each other due to ground movements, and cracks will appear in the walls of the house. To prevent this from happening, after the installation of the piles, a monolithic wall-plinth of concrete is erected, which ties the piles together and ensures the rigidity of the structure. It is built before the walls of the house are erected.
Before erecting a monolithic concrete base on heaving soils (clay and loam), preparatory work. First, the soil is torn off to a depth of half a meter and a width of half a meter in each direction from the piles along the entire perimeter of the foundation. Then, geotextiles are laid in this pit, releasing half a meter in each direction beyond the edges of the pit.
Under the piles, sheets of geotextile 1x1 meter are preliminarily laid, cutting a hole in each for it. The protruding edges of the geotextile then need to be closed with a blind area and a basement screed.
After that, a sand-gravel mixture is poured into the resulting pit and rammed. A layer of waterproofing is made from above, formwork is placed, reinforcement is mounted and the base is poured. During the construction of the blind area, it is necessary to lay drainage over the geotextile. Further, the base can be sewn up by any of the methods described below, or simply painted.
A variety of materials are used to finish the basement. The main requirement is that they be strong enough to withstand being in the water.
Optimally, the foundation sheathing is carried out with a special one or closed with a profiled metal sheet. Siding imitates the classic stone materials used for the plinth - rubble stone, brick, flagstone, etc.
Decking of soft colors for the plinth will also look quite beautiful. Their main advantage is that they are easily washed from dust and dirt, and your plinth will always have a presentable appearance. Siding can be metal, plastic. It is better to use special siding for the plinth, wall siding will not work here.
Before starting work, it is necessary to install the crate. It is made from wooden bars with a section of 50x50, which must be treated with a composition against decay and fungus, or special plastic guides. Since the bars will be in a humid environment with poor air circulation, it is imperative to treat them with special compounds!
The bars are attached to piles or a monolithic plinth of the house with the help of self-tapping screws. The fastening step depends on the type of siding panels. Usually, large-sheet siding is used with a 30 cm bar fastening step, the same rule is also suitable for corrugated board. Then a metal corner is fixed in the lower part. The corner should be higher than the blind area, so it can be done in advance and align the inner perimeter under the corner.
After that, siding or corrugated board is attached to the bars, cutting it along the lower corner, and maintaining a straight line from above. The corrugated board is fixed with an overlap of sheets into two waves. Close up corners, make out windows with slopes. At the end of the work, an ebb is installed in the upper part so that water does not get under the siding.
Before you close the foundation of the house from the outside with siding, you need to take care of its insulation. This is especially important if you are making a warm basement. All insulation works are carried out from the outside with extruded polystyrene foam.
For strip foundations it is necessary to insulate to the depth of freezing of the soil. For pile foundations, it is also necessary to insulate the blind area half a meter from the walls and the basement floor at a distance not less than the depth of soil freezing from the basement.
If you have to fasten the insulation to the piles, without a monolithic base, the base is first sewn up. It is most convenient to use glass-magnesium sheets - they can withstand being even in water, frost-resistant and strong enough. They are attached to the piles, then covered with a vapor barrier and the foam is attached. After that, the siding bars are installed, pulling them through the foam plastic with self-tapping screws to the piles, and the siding is installed.
For a monolithic basement and foundation, you can simply fix the expanded polystyrene outside, below the ground level, covering it with waterproofing. Through it, guides for siding are attached to the concrete.
Before the widespread use of siding, such options for finishing the basement of a house were in use, such as cladding with ceramic tiles, stone board materials, brick cladding. All of them lose in price to siding by about 2.5 times and much more in terms of construction speed. In addition, tiling and stone slab materials will not allow the installation of insulation.
Alternatively, you can use standard systems ventilated facades for tiles, but in this case the tiles may be subjected to bending loads and impacts, since the basement is a weak point and will collapse. On top of any type, an ebb is installed around the entire perimeter of the building.
Ceramic and stone tiles must be fixed with a special adhesive for facades and plinths. The surface is pre-leveled with plaster and cement mortar.
Plastered over a mesh that is securely attached to the plinth and provides extra shear support for heavy tiles or stone materials. At the bottom, before laying, they put a corner-outflow of galvanized iron, as for siding.
Bricklaying is carried out from a corner of 125x125 mm, which is welded on the outside on embedded elements to a columnar foundation or concrete plinth according to the level. Brick finishing can be done with insulation, if you first take the corner from the columnar foundation to the thickness of the insulation using metal inserts, and after welding the corner, it is insulated. Laying in half brick. Brick is used without holes, not silicate, it is better to use clinker. Masonry on cement mortar with dressing in half a brick, with keeping the pattern, if any, in the project.
Every four rows, a reinforcing bar is laid in the brickwork, and anchors are attached to the piles of the columnar foundation or basement in increments of at least one and a half meters.
Screw piles are a product of new technologies, a type of columnar foundations, which are indispensable for construction on soft soils. This technology makes it possible to reach stable soil layers without additional costs of equipment and materials. Piles are considered the best option foundation for private construction. Reliable, safe, most advantageous in all respects, the supports represent a simple and quick foundation. It can be made in a few days, in any weather, at any time of the year, and the supporting structures are mounted immediately.
One of the stages of completing the construction of a house is the disguise of aesthetically unpresentable foundation piles. The question inevitably arises, how to close the base of the screw foundation? The specifics of installing the house structure on piles does not imply the arrangement of the basement.
However, there are situations in which basement work is still performed. They differ from the generally accepted concept, suggest: either work on digging a small depth of a tape ditch connecting the piles around the perimeter, or finishing with a hinged plinth. In turn, the hinged structure can be presented in different versions.
There are several ways decorative finishes basement (the so-called distance from the ground to the walls of the house). The main ones are: basement siding, brick finish, decorative panels. What is noteworthy, you can do the work yourself, without spending money on paying for the services of specialists. Traditionally external decorative cladding done with siding.
Making a hanging structure is easy. You just need to follow the order:
Note. It is important not only how to close the basement of a house on stilts, but also what condition the soil is in, what is the depth of groundwater. The hinged plinth is located in close proximity to the ground, therefore, if there is a threat of flooding of the territory, it will most of the time be in an environment with high humidity. Under these conditions, when constructing a crate, a frame for tiles, it is better to abandon wooden structures, facing materials on a wooden base.
If the design should only perform the function of decoration without additional insulation, then siding panels are quite suitable. A variety of textures, colors of the material can transform an unfinished open work area into a neat pedestal on which the building rises. They can be brickwork, tiled or ceramic tile, decorative rock.
Siding will become ideal solution Problems:
By the way, it is never too late to start work on arranging the basement, it is even preferable to do this after the house begins to live its own life. All communication wiring has already been connected to it, so there is time to slowly do the finishing.
If you still haven’t decided how to close the basement of a house on screw piles, and there is no desire and time to bother with digging a trench, there is an easier way to design a pile foundation basement - reliable, inexpensive, prefabricated - brickwork. To the foundation piles covered protective film from rust damage, at the very bottom, metal is welded corner profile. A corner with a shelf width of 120 mm and a length of 6 m to 11.7 m is pre-treated with a protective anti-corrosion compound.
On the lower profile, starting with the design of the corners, laid out facing brick. Rising up along the perimeter, masonry is formed with a spoon dressing and seams of at least 0.05 cm. It is better if they are decorative, but elements from galvanized sheet can be used. It turns out a neat, full-fledged foundation. Visually and cost-wise, it even outperforms a traditional concrete base.
I use decorative plastic panels instead of bricks, they get economic benefits, but they lose in aesthetics: natural brick or stone looks richer, more beautiful than any panel. But such a finish perfectly veils the pile foundation, withstands heavy loads due to the increased thickness of the panel sheet, its resistance to chemical and biological effects.
With hinged panels, the space under the house remains empty, moisture does not collect under it, condensation does not form, thanks to good natural ventilation. The panels exactly repeat the relief of the site, creating an external absolute resemblance to the monumental foundation, while retaining all the advantages that the pile foundation has, especially in areas with significant elevation changes and other terrain complexities.
Important! Before closing the base of the screw foundation on soils with deep freezing of the soil, whether hinged panels, decorative stone, etc., it is necessary to provide a gap of 5-7 mm between the ground coating and the decorative design.
It must be maintained to ensure free ventilation, and also so as not to damage the finish when the soil swells in frosty weather. The formed gap is covered with a mesh, excluding the penetration of debris and rodents under the house. It is important that ventilation is carried out at any time of the year. To prevent defrosting of communications, they are pre-insulated mineral thermal insulation or mounting foam.
This method is not only the easiest, but perhaps the most economical. Not requiring large financial costs, significant efforts for digging a trench, installing guides. Just making a blind area. The base is finished with waterproof elements (for example, asbestos-cement slabs). Below, at the surface of the earth, the gap between finishing panels and sprinkled with sand. However, it is the plaster that will be the most optimal finish in a situation where financial possibilities do not allow to purchase more expensive skin.
Now on construction market its new, more expensive look appeared, created on the basis of acrylic resins - mosaic plaster. This is another solution to the problem than closing the basement of a house on stilts. Plaster not only looks impressive in variety colors, but also gives the base high moisture-proof properties.
Having done right choice material for finishing the basement, taking into account its performance characteristics, local climatic conditions, observing the technology of work, it is not at all difficult to give an aesthetic, finished look to the “windblown” facade with your own hands.
On the page we will talk about ways to close the pile foundation, such as:
Full concreting. The entire pile foundation along the perimeter is enclosed with formwork, poured with mortar. In addition, it is necessary:
Zabirka. This is the name of the reinforced concrete jumper passing between the pillars of the pile foundation. The design is suitable for small houses from a brick when there is a brick ( than close) or in cases where it is necessary to equip the overlap reinforced concrete slabs. You will need:
There are several varieties, the most common:
An easy way to make a crate of boards and hang around the perimeter with decorative panels.
