In order for the attic of your house to be well lit, you need to correctly calculate the size of the windows and their number. Having calculated the required area glazing, you can easily select the size of the roof windows and their number. But it is worth understanding that bedroom lighting and lighting winter garden will be different. This fact must also be taken into account when calculating. Dormer windows are distinguished by size and price, shape and manufacturer. Compared to conventional windows, dormer windows have the following features:
On the market construction products and materials there are two leaders: Velux and Fakro. Our catalog includes attic Velux windows, window sizes and prices vary. Velux standard roof windows are available in 9 options. They are designed in accordance with the building roofing standards.
| Dimensions | 55×78 | 66×118 | 78×98 | 78×118 | 78×140 | 78×160 | 94×140 | 114×118 | 114×140 |
The dimensions of Velux roof windows allow installation work to be carried out both on the roof sheathing and on the rafters. The calculation is carried out as follows: the width of the window should be on average 5 centimeters smaller than the distance between two beads of wood, the height depends on your preferences, the angle of inclination and the height above the floor.
You can easily pick up best option for your premises. There are two types of these products on the market: opening and blind. There are standard Fakro roof windows, available in 13 sizes.
| Dimensions | 55×78 | 55×98 | 66×98 | 66×118 | 78×98 | 78×118 | 78×140 | 78×160 | 94×118 | 94×140 | 114×118 | 114×140 | 134×98 |
Products from this manufacturer are tested in 70 stages, which guarantees their high reliability and durability.
A prerequisite for turning an attic into a full-fledged living space is a device in the roof window openings, without which it will remain dark and uncomfortable. Obviously, special structures should be used to fill them that can withstand the loads characteristic of the roof. Such windows are called dormer windows.
Two options of roof windows are available:
It is installed in the pediment or in the so-called cuckoo - a ledge in the roof that has a vertical outer wall.
Vertical masard window is not subject to extreme loads
The advantages of vertical windows are as follows:
Despite all their advantages, vertical windows are not very common. If you install them in the gables, the central part of the attic will be poorly lit. And to install such a window on a slope, you have to build a “cuckoo”, which somewhat complicates rafter system and leads to the appearance of potentially dangerous places in terms of leaks (adjacent to the main roof). At the same time, both in the “cuckoo” and in the pediment, a vertical window provides less natural light than an inclined one.
The “cuckoo” should not be considered only as a burden that you have to go to in order to install a vertical window. This element allows you to increase the volume of the attic, so it can be quite appropriate in small houses.
They are installed in slopes and located in the same plane with them. The slope angle should be 15 degrees or more. If he does not satisfy this condition ( flat roof), you should install a window with a special structural element, which will give it the necessary slope.
A slanted roof window provides comfortable daylight premises
Sloping windows have the advantage over vertical ones in that they provide more light and do not require changes to the roof structure, but you have to take into account some of their features:
The last circumstance should be taken into account when choosing the location of the window, more precisely, its orientation relative to the cardinal points. It will be hottest in the attic, the windows of which face south or west. It is recommended to equip them with blinds, with the help of which you can regulate the insolation.
Windows facing east create less heat, and windows facing north do not create heat at all.
Currently they produce aluminum, wood and metal-plastic windows for the attic.
Actually, it is not aluminum that is used in pure form, and its alloy with silicon and magnesium. This type of window has the following advantages:
However, in a residential area, installation aluminum window would be impractical - too much heat is lost through it. Such structures are usually installed in large pavilions, airports, exhibition halls, etc.
The aluminum frame is characterized by high thermal conductivity, which negatively affects the energy-saving properties of the window
Windows with aluminum parts cannot be installed on roofs coated with copper sheets: upon contact, both metals begin to corrode.
They are made of laminated veneer lumber, which is assembled from well-dried and therefore non-shrinking boards. Typically softwood is used.
Outside wooden elements covered with aluminum covers. For installation in bathrooms and restrooms, wooden windows with a waterproof polyurethane coating are produced.
The wooden window fits harmoniously into the interior of the attic, decorated with wood.
In a living space, wood looks most natural. In addition, this material retains heat well. But there is wooden windows and a significant drawback: they are quite expensive.
The user should also take into account the fact that such products require careful handling, since wooden elements can be damaged relatively easily. May require maintenance: needs to be restored varnish coating in places of abrasion.
The frames and sashes of such windows are made of galvanized steel profiles enclosed in a PVC shell. Various additives are added to the plastic, making it resistant to solar radiation and weather factors.
When heated, metal-plastic windows can emit harmful substances to the residential area
Metal-plastic windows are very practical:
Plastic does not go well with the interior of a living space. In addition, PVC can release vinyl chloride gas, which is harmful to health, into the air, especially with some heating (summer heat or heat from a battery may be enough). Sellers assure that if there are harmful fumes, they are within acceptable limits, but the fact remains: in Western Europe metal-plastic windows in residential buildings It hasn't been installed for a long time.
In addition to the outer walls, the steel profile has walls that divide the internal cavity into longitudinal chambers (not to be confused with the chambers in a double-glazed window). The more such elements there are, the warmer the window will be. Based on the number of cameras, profiles are divided into:
The number of cameras in the profile is selected taking into account the climate of the region
In regions with particularly harsh winters, experts recommend installing windows with a wider glass unit instead of 6- and 7-chamber profiles.
They strive to make roof windows as light as possible, so most often they are equipped with single-chamber double-glazed windows, that is, consisting of two sheets of glass. Less commonly, 2-chamber double-glazed windows (3 sheets) are installed.
For roof windows, single-chamber double-glazed windows are most often used.
Glass comes in the following types:
In triplex double-glazed windows, a polymer film is placed between the glasses, which increases its impact resistance
Double-glazed windows with I-glasses are filled with inert gases - xenon, argon, etc., which, together with spraying, gives an increase thermal resistance by 30%.
Double-glazed windows made of ordinary glass without spraying and filled with inert gas, contrary to the assurances of unscrupulous manufacturers, are not energy-saving. Such a double-glazed window will be no more than 2% warmer than a regular one with air filling, so you should not overpay for it.
Most often, a roof window is rotary, that is, its sash rotates around a horizontal axis. Hinges with a friction brake are used, thanks to which open window can be fixed in any position.
The horizontal rotary axis can be located in one of four designs.
The advantage of the latter solution is that the user can easily wash the outer glass by turning the sash at a significant angle. Disadvantage - the upper part of the sash in open position protrudes into the room, so you can’t get close to the window, and besides, you can hit the sash.
Each rotary axis location option has its own advantages
The handle on the swing sash can be placed either below or above. If the edge of the window is not too high, the top handle is preferable: Small child will not be able to open the sash and flowers can be placed on the windowsill. If the window is too long and you can’t reach the top without a stool, you should install the handle at the bottom.
Hinged roof windows are also available, opening like regular ones. Such models are used if access to the roof is required. They are equipped with a pneumatic shock absorber, which prevents gusts of wind from slamming the sash.
The design of a roof window may include:
You can open and close the window using the remote control
The flashing is a part that seals the gap between the window frame and roofing covering. The profile of the lower part of the flashing must correspond to the relief roofing material, otherwise the roof window will protrude too much beyond the plane of the roof.
Thus, different salaries are issued for:
In the marking of a dormer window, the type of flashing is usually indicated by one or another letter.
Regarding roof windows, there is size range, which is considered standard:
The sizes of roof windows depend on the design
IN model range Different manufacturers may have their own standard sizes. In addition, the window can be made to order in any size that is convenient for the buyer.
In order for insulation to be secured around the window, thereby preventing freezing and moisture condensation, the width of the frame should be 12 cm less than the distance between the rafters. If necessary, this parameter can be reduced, but it should not be less than 8 cm. This leads to the conclusion: you need to select a window at the roof design stage - then the designer, in accordance with the customer’s choice, will assign a rafter spacing.
The sizes of attic windows and their number are selected in such a way that for every 8–10 m2 of flooring there is 1 m2 of glazing.
To make it convenient to look out of the window, its bottom should be placed at a height of 90–120 cm (this value is taken based on a seated person), and its top should be at a height of 200–220 cm from the floor. With a gentle slope, it is difficult to follow this requirement, since the window in this case will have to be of considerable length. The solution is as follows: they use products with a so-called wedge, thanks to which the window is located at a steeper angle.
How smaller angle roof slope, the longer the window should be
If the window is on the upper slope sloping roof, where nothing will be visible through it anyway, then they try to place it closer to the ridge in order to minimize the impact of melting snow and flowing water.
To install a window, two are nailed between the rafters. cross beams the same section as rafter leg. On slopes with a large slope, the top beam need not be installed - instead, the frame is simply attached to the sheathing.
Before starting installation, it is necessary to separate the frame and sash
Before installation, the window should be disassembled by disconnecting the sash from the frame. This operation must be performed with great care and after careful study of the manufacturer's instructions. Otherwise, the hinges may be damaged.
Fixation is carried out using mounting brackets, which are screwed on one side to the frame and on the other to the mounting beam. Brackets are included.
A drainage gutter must be installed above the window - water will flow around the opening along it. This item not always included. If there is no gutter, you can use a strip of waterproofing material folded in half lengthwise.
A gutter installed under the window is designed to drain condensate
The technology for sealing the gap around the window is largely determined by the type of roofing material used. It is necessary to strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions without trying to simplify them, otherwise water will leak into the room through the window.
In order for the attic window to serve properly, attention should be paid not only to the external, but also to the internal work:
When blowing out seams with polyurethane foam sealant ( polyurethane foam) it should be applied little by little, in several steps. This composition, when cured, increases significantly in volume, so if it is applied generously, it can warp the frame.
Violating the order of installation of the elements and components of the kit will lead to a negative result.
When installing a window, do not use flashing, seals or other parts from other models, even if they seem to be quite suitable in size. Minor, visually undetectable deviations are possible, due to which the window structure will allow water to pass through.
Manufacturers of roof windows provide customers with the widest choice, producing products in a wide variety of designs. The main thing is to think carefully about everything before installation. design features to choose the most suitable model for your home. We hope the tips outlined will help with this.
The use of roof space as additional living space is at the peak of popularity today. It's not hard to explain.
For quite a long time, compatriots used the attic instead, storing old and unnecessary things there. Fortunately, the homeowners realized that this area could be used to much greater benefit. This perfect place for arranging a bedroom, billiard room, office, nursery or workshop. A well-equipped room in terms of its operational qualities is virtually no different from other premises of the home, and is a completely full-fledged additional floor.
Like any other living space, the attic needs natural, and, accordingly, in.
The construction and installation of windows with their own hands often allows the owners of the building to noticeably carry out the necessary manipulations. Those who like to do everything with their own hands can study the features in theory and cope with it on their own.
With a thorough study of the theory and a competent approach, such installation is considered not such a difficult undertaking. If the homeowner is completely lacking in skills construction work, then it is better to entrust this event to professionals.
Illumination of windows from roofs If the attic has enough large area, then the windows in the gables will not be able to provide high-quality lighting. This problem is solved by installing special roof windows into the roof slope.
Experts are convinced that a well-made and selected window increases the amount of light transmitted by up to 40%. Among other things, the ventilation of the room is noticeably improved. Windows ennoble the room, making it more lived-in, cozy and elegant.
On attic floor quite usable different kinds windows The simplest design– ordinary windows are vertical, in fact not much different from traditional front windows. They are placed on the very gable of the house or in a special remote structure, in the roof slope (often called a birdhouse). These windows look quite aesthetically pleasing, decorate the appearance, but are not very functional: they do not let in much light.
The roof windows are slanted. 
This is a kind of challenge to the natural elements. They are able to transmit 40% more light.
They are mounted at the same level with the roof slope; they are divided among themselves according to the type of construction, opening method and material. Wood is used to make windows High Quality, aluminum or PVC profile.
Windows from natural material preferable for rooms with normal humidity - offices, bedrooms, living rooms, etc. plastic products, more resistant to aggressive environments, . In their designs, roof windows can differ markedly. Depending on their characteristic characteristic features they are classified as follows.
Square Windows are standard square or rectangular. These types are in particular demand and are chosen most often.
The window consists of a solid double-glazed unit, or may consist of a frame with a sash. The market is saturated with various modifications of products with swing doors, and products with fixed double-glazed windows are usually made to order.
The windows are balcony. This is a special design that looks like an inclined window in a slope, on the side of which or under it there is a vertical window.
Both of them can open: vertical - down or to the side, as usual, inclined - up. 
This clever design creates a balcony that you can go out onto.
The lower element under the window is inclined. Represents a small blind window under the flap that opens. It is used when the height of the slope is not enough to install two windows, one above the other. One thing is clearly not enough for full illumination.
The top element is extensions. Most often used as a special decorative element, located above the inclined window. It may have a triangular or round shape. With the help of extensions, more harmonious combinations are achieved.
The windows are cornice.
Their use is advisable in cases where the wall in the attic is too high and it does not allow you to look out of the inclined window. The situation is corrected as follows. An opening vertical window is installed under the window, the design of which reveals the landscape in the located attic window.
Light tunnel. It is still used quite rarely in our country. It is mounted in a place on the slope that does not have direct contact with the room. A reflective tunnel (usually played by a pipe) connects it to the room that needs additional lighting. There is a special light-diffusing lamp there.
All existing species Dormer windows are produced industrially, using special factory equipment, undergo quality control and are tested for strength. High-quality materials and fittings, high technology, ensure the safety and functionality of products.
Dormer windows are also divided according to the method of opening:
Which window in mansard roof preferable?
Attic windows When choosing, you should proceed from the design features, the parameters of the attic room itself, as well as the requirements for ease of use.
For example, the height of the room and the slope of the slope directly affect where the window will be installed - in what place, and at what height. Accordingly, which of it is possible to review.
Any roof window- enough complex design, and this is understandable. It will be used in the most different conditions, often quite tough and complex. The impact of snow, wind, rain, and hail can be enhanced by the specific location of the window plane at an angle. To provide the device with the necessary strength, manufacturers use special, heavy-duty glass that can easily withstand high pressure.
Existing window sizes 
What does a regular window consist of? These are the doors, the frame and the one that ensures its functioning. A glass unit is inserted into the sash, which contains an inert gas inside. In addition, the kit includes a vapor barrier and aprons, a drainage gutter to avoid leaks, which is necessary for our climate, a special protective flashing that directs water down and protects elements from damage, and internal slopes. The final cost of installing such a window depends on the amount of work to be done and on the availability of certain components in the kit.
Choosing suitable type products, it is advisable to consult with a specialist who is better informed about the most suitable frame and protective accessories for it.
What size window is best to choose for an attic? This depends on the distance between adjacent rafters of the building, and the area of the entire attic space. There are rules according to which the window area must be at least one tenth of total area the entire attic space. Its width is determined by the distance between the individual rafters: it should be six centimeters less than the last one.
If it is too small, a little more than half a meter, and you want a large window, you will have to make two windows side by side: between the rafters, in adjacent sections. By the way, two windows can provide more light compared to one large one.
The height at which it is planned to place the future window depends on the location of the handle on it, as well as on the slope of the slope to the roof.
If it is steep, then windows located at the bottom are more suitable for it, but if it is flat, then it is better to make windows at the top.
The most optimal window height in the attic is considered to be from 80 to 130 centimeters from the floor. When the handle is located at the top, it is mounted at a distance of 110 centimeters, if the handle is at the bottom, then at 120-130.
Also, the height of the planned window depends on the type of roofing used.
The type of opening is selected based on the wishes of the owner and his requirements for ease of use. After calculating the required number of windows, their location and size, the location of their future location is marked from the inside of the attic.
The window frame must be selected correctly. Although all roof windows seem similar, different manufacturers produce products with different configurations and with different features.
Let's imagine that our roof is ready, but the interior finishing is not yet done. Inside, on the film, the location of the window is marked. It should be between the rafters, the distance to them should be about three centimeters.
The window is installed on the mounting bottom beam and on. To mark the lower boundary of the window location, you need to step back from the beam 6 cm up to flat materials roof covering, and 9 for profiled covering. After finding the top point of the window, you should move up another 9 to 15 centimeters.
Waterproofing material cut out with a margin of 20 cm on all sides. The remaining canvas is temporarily wrapped inside the room. The roof covering is cut or removed. Having retreated a couple of centimeters from the rafters, we cut off the sheathing itself. Mounting beam from five centimeters thick is nailed at the bottom of the window, about 10 centimeters from the sheathing, strictly level. The distance depends on the type of roof covering used. Waterproofing film using a stapler, it is attached with its lower edge to the beam, and its upper edge is attached to the sheathing. The side parts of the insulation are pulled out.
The delivery set always contains instructions for proper installation of a roof window. You must use it during installation. Windows from different manufacturers differ somewhat from each other: the mounting brackets can be attached to the rafters and be rectangular, or they can be angular and attached to the sheathing and rafters. They are attached to the frame in various positions. Therefore, this issue should be discussed in advance.
Roof box and its installation To facilitate the installation procedure, it is better to remove the sash before starting it. If there is a frame on the window, it is also removed. There is only one frame left, without everything. Special mounting brackets are placed on it in the designated place. Then it is attached to the top of the frame with a stapler, which is placed on the mounting bracket at the bottom of the window. The frame is inserted into the opening, the insulation is pressed against the beam.
insulation of attic window The upper brackets are not fully tightened, but the lower ones are tight: The frame still needs some trimming. The sash returns to its place, its operation is checked, and the absence or presence of distortion is determined. Adjustment is made via the top mount.
The window should be positioned perfectly straight, its sash should fit evenly on all sides, and the existing gaps should also be equal.
All this must be adjusted immediately, because it will be impossible to correct it later. Then all the fasteners are tightened all the way, the side waterproofing is attached to the frame, and the excess is cut off. placed in the side openings.
Waterproofing attic windows The window kit includes a special insulating apron. But you can make it yourself from suitable material. Above the future window, at the top, a layer of sheathing is cut out on both sides, the width being equal to the size of the drainage gutter. The waterproofing film in this place is cut in the middle. A drainage gutter is placed under it, which is installed in the gap of the sheathing. Water from the waterproofing will not flow onto the window, but into this gutter.
- a translucent product located on an inclined roof slope. Differs from conventional windows installed in vertical walls, increased strength, moisture-proof design.
A simple dormer attic window is a prototype of a glazed inclined opening on the roof. The first such structures began to appear in France in the mid-18th century. This phenomenon is due to François Mansart, who proposed using attic spaces as residential. Dormer window began to improve, but its main drawback - low light transmission - remained for a good 100 years.
Second birth glass structure experienced after the second half of the 20th century.
The Dane Villum Kann Rassmunsen proposed embedding additional transparent products equipped with window glass. Without making changes to the roof structure, the attic space received an additional light source. Thus, the modern name appeared - a dormer window.
The location on the roof puts forward a certain number of requirements for the product:
The basis of the frame and sashes is laminated veneer lumber from coniferous wood. To prevent damage by mold, mildew or insects, the product is treated with antiseptic compounds. Special metal flashings are attached to the outside of the frame, which serve to drain atmospheric rainfall and secure the window to the roof of the house.
The type of flashing depends on and can be smooth or made to fit the wave sizes of corrugated board, slate, soft tiles and other coatings.
Window fittings include a whole complex of hinges, locks, handles, and latches. Structurally, handles are installed at the top or bottom - depending on the customer’s wishes, for example, to prevent access small child to the open sash, it is advisable to provide a fixation system from above.
Main purpose of the product– let the light flow into the room. In warm and dry seasons, provide ventilation. In case of precipitation and wind, prevent them from entering the building.
Attic block is a highly specialized product designed for installation on sloping roof slopes. Therefore, they have differences in design compared to conventional products mounted in the openings of the walls of the house.
When determining required sizes A number of rules should be taken into account:
In Russia, sizes attic structures regulated according to GOST 30734-2000 “Wooden attic window blocks”. This document describes the requirements for technical specifications wooden block, glass unit, operating conditions. The designations of attic blocks are described by GOST 23166.
The largest range of sizes in the range of light blocks is presented by the German company ROTO, from 54x78 cm to 114x140 cm. The main emphasis is on the production of products in the medium size group.
The Polish company FAKRO pays more attention to the medium and large-sized range of products.
Danish manufacturers from VELUX specialize in sizes from 78x98 cm to 114x140 cm. They have almost no small-sized designs.
Products are divided by design:
Opening method:
An auxiliary function for another type of window is the “escape hatch”. Used in emergency situations, used to evacuate people. It usually opens on one of the sides.
Due to its size, the product is perceived at a superficial glance as a simple design. But taking into account the requirements for the product itself and the place where it is installed, it is better to carry out installation by professional craftsmen.
To install the block, there is a limitation on the angle of inclination of the roof slope - it should not be less than 15°, otherwise certain difficulties will arise in ensuring waterproofing of the interior.
For installation you will need:
Detailed instructions, accompanied by illustrations, are given in the accompanying documentation. finished product. If there are none, the company where the blocks were ordered can issue copies of them.
You should not start work without studying the accompanying documentation and installation instructions, especially if this will be accompanied by opening the roof.
The cost of installation is determined by several factors:
The average cost of installing a window unit with a width of 75-100 cm at the stage roofing works is 3500-6000 rubles per product.
When installed in finished roof the price for the work will be 4500-8500 rubles/piece.
Warranty periods provided by companies for their products, taking into account proper operation window designs, can reach up to 10 years.
