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In many countries of the world and even on the seabed there are mysterious structures made of huge stone blocks and slabs. They were called megaliths (from the Greek words “megas” - large and “lithos” - stone). It is still not known exactly who and for what purpose carried out such titanic work in very ancient times in various places on the planet, because the weight of some blocks reaches tens or even hundreds of tons.
The most amazing stones in the world
Megaliths are divided into dolmens, menhirs and trilithons. Dolmens are the most common type of megaliths; these are peculiar stone “houses”; in Brittany (province of France) alone there are at least 4,500 of them. Menhirs are vertically mounted elongated stone blocks. If a third is placed on top of two vertically mounted blocks, then such a structure is called a trilith. If the trilithons are installed in a ring ensemble, as in the case of the famous Stonehenge, then such a structure is called a cromlech.
Until now, no one can say for sure for what purpose these impressive structures were built. There are a lot of hypotheses on this matter, but none of them can comprehensively answer all the questions posed by these silent, majestic stones.
For a long time, megaliths were associated with an ancient funeral ritual, but archaeologists did not find any burials near most of these stone structures, and those that were found were most likely made at a later time.
The most widespread hypothesis, supported by many scientists, connects the construction of megaliths with the most ancient astronomical observations. In fact, some megaliths can be used as sights, allowing one to record the rising and setting points of the Sun and Moon on the solstices and equinoxes.
However, opponents of this hypothesis have quite fair questions and criticisms. Firstly, there are a lot of megaliths that are difficult to associate with any astronomical observations. Secondly, why did the ancients at that distant time need such a labor-intensive method of understanding the movement of the heavenly bodies? After all, even if they set the timing of agricultural work in this way, it is well known that the start of sowing depends much more on the condition of the soil and weather than on a specific date, and can shift in one direction or another. Thirdly, opponents of the astronomical hypothesis rightly point out that with such an abundance of megaliths, as, for example, in Karnak, you can always pick up a dozen stones allegedly installed for astronomical purposes, but what were thousands of others intended for then?
The scale of work carried out by the ancient builders is also impressive. Let's not dwell on Stonehenge, a lot has already been written about it, let's remember the megaliths of Karnak. Perhaps this is the largest megalithic ensemble in the whole world. Scientists believe that at first it numbered up to 10 thousand menhirs! Now only about 3 thousand vertically installed stone blocks have survived, in some cases reaching a height of several meters.
It is believed that this ensemble originally stretched for 8 km from Saint-Barbe to the Crash River; now it has survived for only 3 kilometers. There are three groups of megaliths. To the north of the village of Karnak there is a cromlech in the form of a semicircle and eleven ranks, in which there are 1169 menhirs with a height of 60 cm to 4 m. The length of the row is 1170 m.
No less impressive are the other two groups, which, most likely, once, together with the first, formed a single ensemble, back at the end of the 18th century. it was more or less preserved in its original form. The largest menhir of the entire ensemble was 20 meters high! Unfortunately, now it has been toppled and split, however, even in this form, the megalith inspires involuntary respect for the creators of such a miracle. By the way, even with the help of modern technology it is very difficult to cope with even a small megalith if it needs to be restored to its original form or moved to another place.
Are dwarfs “to blame” for everything?
Megalithic structures have been discovered even at the bottom Atlantic Ocean, and the oldest of the megaliths date back to the 8th millennium BC. Who was the author of such labor-intensive and mysterious stone structures?
In many legends in which megaliths are mentioned in one way or another, mysterious powerful dwarfs often appear, capable of effortlessly performing tasks that are beyond their strength. ordinary people work. So, in Polynesia such dwarfs are called menehunes. According to local legends, they were ugly-looking creatures, only vaguely reminiscent of people, only 90 cm tall.
Although the menehunes had a look that made your blood run cold, the dwarves were generally kind to people and sometimes even helped them. Menehunes could not stand sunlight, so they appeared only after sunset, in the dark. Polynesians believe that these dwarfs are the authors of megalithic structures. It is curious that menehunes appeared in Oceania, arriving on the large three-tiered island of Kuaihelani.
If the Menehunes needed to be on land, their flying island would descend into the water and float to the shore. After completing the intended work, the dwarfs on their island again rose into the clouds.
The Adyghe people call the famous Caucasian dolmens houses of dwarfs, and Ossetian legends mention dwarfs who were called the Bitsenta people. The bicenta dwarf, despite his height, had remarkable strength and was capable of knocking down a huge tree with one glance. There are also references to dwarfs among the aborigines of Australia: as is known, megaliths are also found in large numbers on this continent.
In Western Europe, where there is no shortage of megaliths, there are also widespread legends about powerful dwarfs who, like the Polynesian menehunes, cannot stand daylight and are distinguished by remarkable physical strength.
Although many scientists still maintain a certain skepticism towards legends, the widespread dissemination in the folklore of peoples of information about the existence of a small powerful people must be based on some real facts. Maybe a race of dwarfs actually once existed on Earth, or were aliens from outer space mistaken for them (remember the flying island of the Menehunes)?
The mystery remains a mystery for now
Megaliths may have been created for purposes that are still unclear to us. This conclusion was reached by scientists who studied the unusual energy effects that are observed in the locations of megaliths. Thus, in some stones the instruments were able to register weak electromagnetic radiation and ultrasounds. In 1989, researchers even detected inexplicable radio signals under one of the stones.
According to scientists, such mysterious effects can be explained by the fact that megaliths were often installed in places where there are faults in the earth's crust. How did the ancients find these places? Maybe with the help of dowsers? Why were megaliths installed in energetically active places in the earth’s crust? Scientists do not yet have clear answers to these questions.
In 1992, Kyiv researchers R. S. Furduy and Yu. M. Shvaidak proposed a hypothesis that megaliths could be complex technical devices, namely, generators of acoustic or electronic vibrations. Quite an unexpected assumption, isn't it?
This hypothesis was not born out of nowhere. The fact is that English scientists had already established that many megaliths emit ultrasonic pulses. As scientists at Oxford University have suggested, ultrasonic vibrations arise due to weak electrical currents induced by solar radiation. Each individual stone emits a small amount of energy, but as a whole, a megalithic stone complex can create a powerful burst of energy at times.
It is curious that for most megaliths their creators selected rocks containing a large number of quartz. This mineral is capable of generating weak electricity under the influence of compression... As you know, stones either shrink or expand due to temperature changes...
They tried to unravel the mystery of the megaliths based on the fact that their creators were primitive people of the Stone Age, but this approach turned out to be unproductive. Why not assume the opposite: the creators of megaliths had a very developed intellect, allowing them to use the natural properties of natural materials to solve technical problems still unknown to us. In fact - a minimum of costs, and what a disguise! These stones have stood for thousands of years, fulfilling their tasks, and only now people have some still vague doubts about their true purpose.
No metal could have withstood so much time, it would have been stolen by our enterprising ancestors or eaten away by corrosion, but the megaliths still stand... Perhaps someday we will reveal their secret, but for now it is better not to touch these stones. Who knows, maybe these structures are neutralizers of some formidable natural forces?
Megalithic structures appeared and spread widely during the Bronze Age. Megaliths include the following structures:
Megalithic structures can be found in every corner of the globe: in the Caucasus, Crimea, Western and Northern Europe (England, France, Denmark, Holland), India, Iran, the Balkan Peninsula, North Africa and other countries.
Figure 1. Megalithic structures. Author24 - online exchange of student work
The appearance of various types of megalithic structures is often associated with cults of veneration of ancestors, the sun or fire, and totems. Large-scale work on processing and moving stone blocks was carried out with the help of a huge number of people in a primitive community of labor organization. The most common monuments of this type are dolmens.
Definition 1
Dolmens are burial structures that consist of several slabs arranged vertically and covered with a horizontal slab.
The weight of the slabs reached several tens of tons. Initially, dolmens reached a length of two meters, their height did not exceed 150 centimeters. However, over time, their size became larger; the approach to them was arranged in the form of a stone gallery. The length of such galleries could reach 20 meters. Another type of megalithic structures are menhirs.
Definition 2
Menhirs are vertically installed stone pillars that have a rounded cross-section, a height of up to 20 meters, and a weight of about 300 tons.
Menhirs are located near dolmens, so there is an assumption that funeral rites connect them. Menhirs can often be found in small groups that are arranged in parallel rows. It happens that the length of such rows reaches 30 kilometers.
An example is Carnac in Brittany, where the number of menhirs reaches 3000. It is believed that each menhir is a monument to a deceased person.
Note 1
Menhirs did not arise out of vital necessity, when a person needed to build a home or warehouses. The creation of menhirs was based on an idea that is not related to the struggle for existence. But, despite this, considerable efforts were made to extract, deliver and hoist these blocks, which reached impressive sizes and considerable weight.
The fact of such a rapid spread of this type of megalithic structure indicates that menhirs were a kind of expression of ideas that were the same for the people of that era, regardless of their actual location.
It is no coincidence that these stones were enormous in size and weight. If we take into account their historical relationship with subsequent structures that had architectural features, then a menhir is a funerary monument or monument that is similar in its memorial column, but a dolmen is a crypt, tomb or sarcophagus. The cromlech at Stonehenge is already a kind of temple, albeit a very primitive one.
Definition 3
Cromlechs are large groups of menhirs that are arranged in closed circles. Sometimes circles consist of several rows of vertically placed stones.
An example of a complex megalithic structure is Stonehenge. This is a circle with a diameter of 30 meters, which consists of vertically placed stones. From above they are covered with horizontal slabs. In the middle of the structure there are two rings of low stones, and between them there is a third ring of tall blocks arranged in pairs. In the center is a single stone, which is believed to be an altar. Stonehenge is a famous megalithic structure, which already has such architectural elements as center, rhythm, symmetry.
In this type one can see a structure in which a technical problem not only found a certain type of solution, but also received an aesthetic embodiment, which indicates the architect’s mastery of a sense of rhythm, space, form, scale and proportions. Other megaliths do not possess such qualities, since according to all the above characteristics, they are all closer to amorphous natural creatures than to the work of human hands.
Despite this, the cromlech located in Stonehenge also cannot be called an architectural structure. It is too massive in relation to the horizontals, its verticals are too heavy. Technical appearance in in this case dominates his artistic composition. Exactly the same as in all other structures that preceded the formation of the cromlech:
The artistic form arose only when the utilitarian form reached perfection. It was also at the final stage of the Bronze Age, when crafts and the artistic industry actively emerged.
A huge number of megalithic structures have been collected in the Caucasus. Stone alleys, which in Armenia were called the stone army, became widespread here. There are also stone images of fish, which were the personification of the deity of fertility.
The origins of architecture date back to the late Neolithic. At that time, stone was already used to create monumental structures. All megaliths of antiquity can be divided into two large groups:
Gobekli Tepe, Türkiye. The complex is located on the Armenian Highlands. This megalithic structure is considered the oldest in the world. According to historical data, it was formed in the 10th–9th millennium BC. People at that time were engaged in gathering and hunting. The shape of this megalithic temple resembles circles, of which there are more than 20 pieces. According to experts, this architectural complex was deliberately covered with sand. Its height reached 15 meters, and its diameter was 300 meters.
Megaliths in Carnac (Brittany) France. Many megalithic structures were represented as ceremonial centers in which cults for the burial of the dead were carried out. This includes the megalith complex in Carnac (Brittany), which is located in France. It contains about 3000 stones. The megaliths reached a height of 4 meters, they were arranged in the form of an alley, the rows ran parallel to each other. This architectural complex can be dated back to the 5th–4th millennium BC. There were legends that Merlin ordered the ranks of Roman legionnaires to be turned to stone.
Figure 8. Megaliths at Carnac (Brittany), France. Author24 - online exchange of student work
Nabta Observatory, Nubia, which is located in the Sahara. Some megalithic structures were previously used to determine astronomical events (equinox and solstices). At that time, a megalithic structure was found in the Nubian desert in the Nabta Playa area, which was used for astronomical purposes. Thanks to the special arrangement of the megaliths, it was possible to determine the day of the summer solstice. Archaeologists believe that people then lived seasonally, only when there was water in the lake. That's why they needed a calendar.
Stonehenge, UK, Salisbury. Stonehenge is a megalithic structure, which is presented in the form of 82 columns, 30 stone blocks and five huge trilithons. The weight of the columns reaches 5 tons, stone blocks - 25 tons, and huge stones weigh 50 tons. The stacked blocks form arches that previously pointed to the cardinal directions. According to scientists, this structure was erected in 3100 BC. The ancient monolith was not only a lunar and solar calendar, but was also an exact cross-section of the solar system.
Figure 9. Stonehenge, UK, Salisbury. Author24 - online exchange of student work
Comparing mathematical parameters geometric shapes cromlech, it was possible to establish that all of them reflect the parameters of various planets of the solar system, and also model the orbits of their rotation. What is surprising is that Stonehenge is a representation of the 12 planets of the solar system, although today it is believed that there are only 9 of them. Astronomers have long believed that there are two more planets beyond the outer orbit of Pluto, and the asteroid belt is the remains of a previously existing 12th planets. How could the ancient builders of the cromlech know about this?
There is another interesting version about the purpose of Stonehenge. During the excavation of the path along which ritual processions were carried out, the hypothesis that the cromlech was built along the relief of the Ice Age was once again confirmed. This place was special: the natural landscape was located along the solstice axis, connecting heaven and earth.
Cromlech Broughgar or Sun Temple, Orkney. Initially, this structure had 60 elements, but today only 27 rocks have been preserved. The place where the cromlech is located is ritual. It is “stuffed” with various mounds and burials. All the monuments here are united into a single architectural complex, which is preserved by UNESCO. Today, archaeological excavations are being carried out on the islands.
Temples of Ggantija in Šara. It is located in the central part of the island of Gozo and is one of the world's most important attractions. The megalithic structure is presented in the form of two separate temples, each of which has a concave façade. In front of the entrance there is a platform made of stone blocks. The oldest temple of the architectural complex consists of several semicircular rooms arranged in the shape of a trefoil.
Figure 10. Ggantija Temples in Šara. Author24 - online exchange of student work
Scientists believe that such a trinity is a symbol of the past, present and future. According to historians, the temple complex is a sanctuary for worshipers of the goddess of fertility. However, there is a version that the Ggantija temple is a tomb, because the population of the megalithic era followed traditions. They revered their ancestors and erected tombs, and later these places became sanctuaries where they worshiped the gods.
Megaliths, huge structures made of massive stone blocks, are also found in our country. There are quite a lot of similar structures in Russia, but they are not as well known as the famous Stonehenge in the UK or Ollantaytambo in Peru. We will get acquainted with the ancient megalithic structures found on the territory of Russia further.
The first place we will start our journey is Mount Vottovaara - the highest point of the Western Karelian Upland - 417.3 m above sea level. The area of the mountain is 6 square meters. km.
The place is simply full of strange artifacts after which you begin to think about ancient highly developed stone processing technologies, let's take a better look at the photo.
Mount Vottovaara.
Megalith blocks are scattered.
Was the near block cut at an angle of 90 degrees or a play of nature?
It’s as if a laser was used:) geologists believe that cracks and faults were formed as a result strong earthquake about 9 thousand years ago. The smooth planes of stones are the result of properties local breed– quartzite, the structure of which determines such even planes during splitting.
So is it nature or man-made? Let's take a closer look.
More like perfectly cut blocks tightly fitted to each other. It’s hard to imagine an ancient ancestor with a copper chisel somewhere on a mountain turning out such even blocks.
Good angle, perfectly straight wall.
Who lost the ball?)
This obviously involved high technology in stone processing, or is it just a play of nature? :)
Mount Pidan.
At first glance, it looks like an unremarkable pile of cracked rock.
But getting closer it looks more like megalithic masonry.
Looking between the blocks, where the stones were less exposed to erosion from wind and rain, you can see the man-made nature and how smooth edges have been preserved.
In the place where the joint of the blocks split apart, an even cut can be seen and the technology for laying these blocks opens before us.
Stone town in the Perm region.
According to scientists, the Stone City is the mouth of a river that flowed into the Permian Sea millions of years ago; this is what explains the beautifully and evenly, at right angles, carved stones, their neat laying and the “channels” of the “mouth” perpendicular to each other.
Stone city.
Look how smooth the sides of the megaliths are, as if they were cut down.
Again old method look between the blocks inside the masonry, look at the far block in the center, an even cut along the entire length of the block.
They say somewhere on the Kola Peninsula there is this pool carved right into the rock.
On South Western Siberia in the mountainous Shoria in the Mezhdurechensky region there is a small geological village called Kameshki.
Several educated, talented geologists live in this village. These are Alexander Bespalov, Vyacheslav Pochetkin and others. These people spent their entire lives researching the mountain systems of Western Siberia. One day they came across strange megalithic structures in the mountains, which they could not explain to themselves. These were walls made of giant stone blocks and strange buildings with vertically mounted stone obelisks. They contacted Georgy Sidorov via the Internet, and the first expedition was assembled.
Mountain Shoria.
Some granite blocks below were made of red granite, topped with blocks of gray granite, and above lay a polygonal masonry of various blocks, both red and gray granite.
The granite in some places melted from exposure to enormous temperatures and flowed under the weight of the upper rows. Kungurov would say about this that these are traces of melting from a thermonuclear explosion :)
The wall is made of polygonal masonry made of multi-colored blocks.
The size of the blocks is impressive; according to one version, the find is a man-made structure over 100 thousand years old.
In the photo, Georgy Sidorov, in his opinion, this entire megalithic structure may be the ruins of an ancient power plant or power plant, which transferred seismic energy to some others.
Looking inside the masonry again, where the blocks were less susceptible to erosion, smooth straight edges are visible, look at how the two blocks lie tightly, the handicraft is better visible here.
Polygonal masonry.
Mountain Shoria. Huge blocks.
at the Department of Radiophysics in Tomsk State University showed photographs on the screen, talked about various types masonry, about stone castles that hold together giant granite blocks and not a single physicist said that all this is of natural origin. What surprised them most was how the ancients could lift giant stone blocks to a height of more than 1000 meters and install them there on a special platform.
Then, in the Tomsk branch of the Russian Geographical Society, the photographs were studied by scientific geologists and geographers. Both of them came to the conclusion that the presented artifacts were man-made.
Sklyarov was asked to comment on the find. And what did he say? That all the artifacts found are nothing more than rocks cracked at right angles. That there is nothing man-made here. Just a game of nature, nothing more.
After these words, I am not surprised why LAI does not study Russian megaliths.
Between blocks.
For comparison, on the left is the megalith in Baalbek, on the right is the megalith in the mountainous Shoria, it looks like the author is the same :)
Mount Shaman near the village. Nizhnetambovskoe, Khabarovsk region.
Ancient megalithic masonry.
Again, the handiwork and straight lines are better visible between the blocks.
Large megalith block.
A large megalith block on small stones, this is done for better earthquake resistance.
The megalithic masonry resembles Mountain Shoria.
Kabardino-Balkaria, cave in the Baksan Gorge.
First you need to squeeze into a hole measuring 40 by 120 cm, then climb down a narrow vertical shaft on a rope. It is formed by two parallel stone slabs. After 9 meters there is the first “knee”: the hole goes to the side and immediately breaks down again. Already here you will be covered in absolute silence - not a sound penetrates from outside. Another 23 meters deep - and a new “knee”. To reach the bottom of the cave, you need to overcome more than 80 meters, and it will take a whole hour. But, having passed the “bottleneck”, you will find yourself in a huge room, which the researchers called the “flask”. Inside we will see processed walls made of tuff and granite, composed of polished megaliths of different sizes, tightly fitted to each other.
Descent into the cave.
The edges of the blocks and the seams between them are clearly visible.
The smooth masonry is amazing and the seams are clearly adjusted to each other.
The triangular blocks have moved slightly apart.
Barely noticeable seams of blocks on the left half-lunar wall and on the wall behind it.
How do you like the seams?
Rotate the cave at an angle of 90 degrees. Two large megalithic blocks stand on top of each other.
The technologies for processing stone are amazing, and even more amazing is the comment of the head of the Kabardino-Balkarian geological exploration expedition, Vera Davidenko, but she is a realist and believes that nature can do everything and concluded: “Tuff is an accumulation of products of volcanic ejection - ash, fragments of lava , volcanic glass and, to a small extent, rock fragments that make up the crater walls. The ejecta material was hot during accumulation and therefore, when it solidified, cracks formed separately - that is, the entire tuff massif appeared to be broken into blocks. The depression discovered in the area of the village of Zayukovo is one of these gravitational separation cracks, which is characterized by smooth contact surfaces,” but this is the head of the geological exploration expedition, she probably knows better.
Scheme of the structure.
A little fantasy for the finale) Arakul Shikhan, a strange structure in the middle of the forest. I have everything, kick me :)
People are puzzled by the pyramids Ancient Egypt and similar structures in Central and South America, and wonder how early people could lift and move such huge blocks of stone? Of course they couldn't do that. Early humans did not build these structures.
Pyramids
Egyptian pyramids are the greatest architectural monuments of Ancient Egypt. The largest pyramid is the Cheops pyramid. Initially its height was 146.6 m, its height has now decreased to 138.8 m. The length of the side of the pyramid is 230 m.
The pyramid is made of 2.5 million stone blocks; cement or others binders were not used. On average, the blocks weighed 2.5 tons, but in the King's Chamber there are granite blocks weighing up to 80 tons. The pyramid is an almost monolithic structure - with the exception of several chambers and corridors leading to them.
Curse of the Pharaoh
The curse of the pharaohs is a curse that supposedly befalls anyone who touches the graves of royalty and mummies of Ancient Egypt. The curse is primarily associated with deaths that occurred over the next few years after the opening of Tutankhamun's tomb in 1922.
The main facts stated in the “curse” are as follows:
1. Lord Carnarvon died 4 months after visiting the tomb.
2. a few days after Carnarvon, archaeologist Arthur Mace died;
3. Radiologist Archibald Douglas-Reid soon died;
4. a few months later, the American George Gould, who also visited the tomb, died;
5. in 1923, Carnarvon’s half-brother, traveler and diplomat Colonel Aubrey Herbert, died of blood poisoning;
6. in the same year, a member of the Egyptian royal family, Prince Ali Kamel Fahmy Bey, who was present at the opening of the tomb, was shot and killed by his wife;
7. in 1924, the Governor-General of Sudan, Sir Lee Stack, was shot dead in Cairo;
8. Carter's secretary Richard Bartel died unexpectedly in 1928;
9. in 1930, Bartel's father Sir Richard, Baron Westbury, jumped out of a window;
10. In 1930, Carnarvon's half-brother committed suicide.
Reports of Lady Almina Carnarvon's death from an unknown insect bite at the age of 61 are false, as she died at the age of 93 in 1969.
Did King Tut's tomb contain information about the nature and timing of the past Pole Shift, and is this related to the Curse of the Mummy? Did the establishment kill those who threatened to publish or use information about the timing to silence these people? It is no secret that the elite (including the Vatican) are aware of the approaching cataclysms that will be caused by the next passage of Nibiru (or Planet X). It is clear that these were not accidents, but the result of efforts to destroy those who owned the information or made it clear that they would seek to use this knowledge.
The Pyramid of the Sun is the largest building in the city of Teotihuacan and one of the largest in Mesoamerica. Situated between the Pyramid of the Moon and the Citadel in the shadow of the massive Cerro Gordo mountain, it is part of a large temple complex. The Pyramid of the Sun is the third largest pyramid in the world after the Great Pyramid of Cholulu, Mexico and the Pyramid of Cheops.
Ancient Chinese burial mounds. In popular publications and television films, especially in English, the mounds Ancient China are called "pyramids". The first report of the existence of the giant so-called “White Pyramid” was delivered in 1945 by a US pilot. Subsequently, the existence of pyramidal hills was confirmed north of the ancient Chinese capital of Xi'an.
Pyramids discovered around the world and buried under shifting sands or under haphazardly growing plants have similarities in appearance, and these similarities are not accidental. for similar purposes. The pyramids were astronomical instruments that allowed the giant humanoids to determine when their planet, the 12th planet, was approaching and to direct their shuttle spaceships towards it. Since the 12th planet visits the solar system on average every 3,600 years, those who built the pyramids also built them for their followers, and wanted to make them lasting - like a written record that could not be lost. The shape of the pyramids allows them to survive earthquakes and hurricanes and thus was the chosen shape. After the passage, when the pole shift changed the landscape of the earth's surface, the pyramids lost their value as astronomical instruments, but their durability protected them from disappearing from the earth's surface. Thus, they have become another part of the puzzle that humanity is grappling with in its attempts to solve it.
Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a stone megalithic structure in Wiltshire (England). It is located approximately 130 km southwest of London, approximately 3.2 km west of Amesbury and 13 km north of Salisbury. One of the most famous archaeological sites in the world, Stonehenge consists of ring and horseshoe-shaped structures built from large megaliths. The first researchers associated the construction of Stonehenge with the Druids. Excavations, however, have pushed back the creation of Stonehenge to the New Stone and Bronze Ages. Material for dating the sarsen boulders, available in very limited quantities, points to 2440-2100 BC. e.
Stonehenge is ancient, much more ancient than people believe. It was created so early that it is not imprinted in any cultures, and all the threads are broken. Stonehenge is neither a sundial, nor a device for astronomical measurements, nor a place of worship or sacrifice, nor a meeting place. All these interpretations are only an attempt by mankind to explain the purpose of Stonehenge, since the true explanation can lead to too much confusion.
So what exactly is Stonehenge? Stonehenge was erected by order of a reptilian king who lived on Earth so long ago, when people first appeared. However, the structure was intended for the emerging people who existed at that time. This is a subliminal message containing a sadistic message and influence on those who will be sacrificed. People should look at Stonehenge and imagine the desperate efforts of an innocent person lying on a table under a knife. Why was there another table there? So that they represent a bunch of villains surrounding the victim. Why is there a circle there? So that they do not imagine any force penetrating inside the circle to save the victim. Why else is all this out in the open? Stonehenge was built in order to fulfill the purpose that its creators intended - to penetrate into the subconscious of humanity.
If the value of pi in Babylon is 3.125, then the circumference of the Sarsen circle at Stonehenge is 3650 imperial inches, as shown in great pyramid. This is a coded message representing the period of Planet X's orbit.
Easter Island
Like most other oral traditions, the folklore of the Rapa Nui people has been passed down through many generations, and it is therefore unknown whether these stories are based on historical facts. At the center of most stories about the statues is the mystical idea that the massive megaliths moved by using "mana" or divine energy. Those who possessed "mana" were able to direct the movement of the "moai" (i.e., the statue) to its intended place. Accounts of who actually possessed the "mana" vary widely.
In 1919, British archaeologist Catherine Routledge, who lived on Easter Island for a year, wrote in her journal: “There was an old woman who lived at the southern edge of the mountain and occupied the position of cook for the statue makers. She was the most important person among the influential circles and moved the statues with the help of supernatural forces ("mana"), placing them everywhere at will." Earlier messages left by visitors to the island indicate that the statues were placed by the mythical King Tuu Ku Ihu and the god Make-Make. It was known that there were even special priests who moved the moai at the request of those who wanted to have them on their ancestral land or on ahu (a base made of wind-blown sand).
And this is a pedestal under the moai on the island. Easter: 
The giant humanoids have long faces, but the discovered skulls, usually described as alien, do not belong to these humanoids. The heads on Easter Island were designed to intimidate because the appearance of these faces was, and indeed is, the structure of their faces.
Megaliths of South America
Sacsayhuaman is a large ceremonial complex in Cusco, according to legend it was built by the first Inca king, Manco Copac. According to scientists, megalithic structures were built in the tenth - thirteenth centuries. The best preserved area of the complex is a large square with three massive terraces adjacent to it.
The stones used in their construction are among the largest of any pre-Columbian structure. The giant boulders fit each other so precisely that you can’t even fit a sheet of paper between them. It is believed that this technology, as well as the presence of rounded corners on the stones, allowed Sacsayhuaman to survive the numerous destructive earthquakes that occurred in Cusco.
Not far from Sacsayhuaman, sixty kilometers northwest of Cusco, there is another megalithic site - Ollantaytambo. In the nineteenth century, the ruins of the city attracted scientists from all over the world, who were extremely surprised by the way the buildings were constructed. During its heyday, Ollantaytambo was a fairly large settlement.
Its plan is typical of the Incas - four transverse streets intersected seven longitudinal ones, with a large square in the center. The city consisted of residential buildings, temples, warehouses, as well as public services - it even had some kind of water supply. Most of the structures were built from large stone blocks, closely fitted to each other.
Situated high in the mountains near the Chilean town of San Clemente, the El Enladrillado site is the subject of much debate among scientists, as well as the source of myths and legends. In Spanish, “El Enladrillado” literally translates as “stone floor.” Actually, this phrase perfectly describes this area.
El Enladrillado is the stonework that covers the surface of the earth. It is made of large boulders that fit tightly together. At the same time, the shape of the masonry resembles a triangle, with its apex pointing towards the Descabezado Grande volcano.
Tiwanaku or Taipicala is an ancient settlement in Bolivia, 72 km from La Paz near the eastern shore of Lake Titicaca. According to excavation materials, this settlement dates back to 1500 BC. e.
High in the mountains of South America there are traces of ancient civilizations with features similar to the ancient civilizations of Egypt. These are structures that were built from large stone blocks and that were paved and reinforced in the same way as the Great Pyramids. Space ports on high plateaus, which may be clearly visible from space, are still hardly recognizable from the surface of the Earth. In the humid jungle to the north lie the outlines of cities abandoned for unknown reasons. This land is fertile, the water supply is plentiful, and yet they are there unattended and uninhabited. Legends say that human sacrifices were made on pyramid-like platforms and that hearts were ripped out of the chests of living people, but no evidence of this practice exists among local peoples. Who built it and where did they go?
All these traces ancient civilization- these are only traces that remained from humanoid aliens from the 12th planet who left the earth. Human sacrifice - never a practice of the native population - was also discontinued, as this savage method of punishment was used by the master aliens to keep their wayward human slaves on a tight leash. After they left, the frightened people either left there to wander, or played politics, according to which they chose new owners for themselves for one day. If people don't have the technology to make a city function, then cobblestone streets and stone structures become unnecessary burdens. People were forced to walk much further to work the fields or to go hunting. Why did they have to go through all these tedious steps? Soon the cities were abandoned by everyone except monkeys, lizards and grape vines, which crawl through everything in the jungle.
Baalbek is the oldest and most majestic city on Earth, the ruins of which are located at the foot of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, 85 kilometers northeast of Beirut in Lebanon. The Sumerian chronicles mention that Baalbek was built at the same time as the pyramids of Giza. The buildings of Baalbek are amazing in their size. On the Baalbek terrace there once stood a grand temple of Jupiter.
In the southeast wall, the base consists of nine rows of stone blocks weighing more than 300 tons each. In the southwestern wall of the base lie three colossal megalithic blocks of absolutely incredible size, called Trilithon - the Miracle of the Three Stones. Each of them reaches a length of 21 meters, a height of 5 meters, and a width of 4 meters. They weigh 800 tons each. Moreover, these monoliths lie at an eight-meter height. Traces of mechanical processing of the planes are visible on the blocks.
Contrary to the sometimes encountered statement, the so-called. The “Southern Stone” was not at all thrown by the builders along the road and was not lost during transportation - it remained lying in the quarry, and was not even completely separated from the rocky base. The slope of the block is determined by the general slope of the surface that the rock mass had in this place.
Giant humanoids from the 12th planet, which entered the legends of many earthly peoples, wandered around the Earth and even in those places where there were no legends about their presence. These humanoids are recorded in the mythology of Europe as Greek gods or as Vandal Visigoths, in Africa - in the memory of the Dogon tribe, in South and Central America - in the cities of the Maya and the Incas. However, they also visited Australia and the East, although the only traces of them there are artificially made objects. The gods of the ancient Egyptians, the ancient Babylonians, the Germanic Visigoths, the gods of the ancient Mayans and Incas are, almost down to the individual, members of the royal family from the 12th Planet, stationed on Earth to oversee the development of mines.
Avebury
Avebury is a cult site dating back to the late Neolithic and early Bronze Ages, consisting of megalithic tombs and sanctuaries. It is located in Wiltshire, England, and takes its name from a nearby village. According to archaeologists, the complex was created and intensively used in the period from 2100 BC. e. to 1650 BC e.
Scientists associate the buildings of Avebury with the Bell-Beaker culture. It consists of a huge cromlech with an area of 11.5 hectares and a diameter of over 350 meters, surrounded by a ditch and rampart, with approximately 100 stone pillars located along its inner edge, each weighing up to 50 tons.
Avebury and the Dark Star. People who settled in the Avebury area in the past and began laying stone circles here witnessed an amazing astronomical phenomenon. In any case, it is interesting that the third circle with an additional sinuous trail extending from it, located near Avebury, indicates a Planet X-like object.
It seems that Babylonian culture allows for a similar double interpretation. At the top of this stele is an image of a trinity of bright astronomical objects - the Sun, the Moon and the third radiating planet. Please note that the stele below depicts the Babylonian deity Marduk, a deity closely associated with the planet Nibiru. It is interesting to compare this image with the later alchemical image of the dragon, symbolizing Azoth, with its two suns and moon. Planet X, represented as the Second Sun, and the winding, undulating path are depicted as crop circles in many places.
Newgrange
Newgrange is a megalithic cult building in Ireland, a corridor tomb, part of the Brú na Bóinne complex. Newgrange dates back to 2500 BC. e. The structure, with a diameter of 85 meters and a height of 13.5 meters, has a 19-meter gallery, which points strictly to the southeast and leads to a cruciform hall. The most delightful time to visit Newgrange is December 21st, and the days before and after. At dawn, during the winter equinox, Sun rays They rush straight into the small hole above the entrance to the gallery, reach the farthest stone and then fill the entire room with light. Some researchers believe that Newgrange is the oldest "astrological" building of its kind on earth.
If the Anunnaki built the Great Pyramids as an astronomical device so that the Anunnaki remaining on Earth could determine when their home planet, Nibiru, would enter solar system, were other such surveillance devices built during the same time period? Human estimates place the Great Pyramids as being built approximately 4,000 years ago, while New Grange is estimated to be over 5,000 years old. If the Great Pyramids were built for the astronomers existing among the Anunnaki waiting for the next passage of Nibiru, then the New Grange was the type of structure built in case of disaster. What if the plague comes, because then astronomers will lose the ability to track the calendar! Their knowledge, of course, was recorded in writing, but we are talking about problems that were unresolved due to the uncertainty of the number of days, weeks or months that had passed. In this case, a team would be sent to an observation site such as New Grange to mark the onset of the Winter Solstice and quickly report it to the astronomical center.
New Grange is famous for witnessing the arrival of the solstice moment, when around the dawn of the Winter Solstice the sunlight enters it. Since the former North Pole was located on the island of Greenland, and the crustal shift during the last shift simply pulled the island of Greenland to a more southern latitude, at the solstice only the nature of the observation before and after the solstice changed. - The arc of the trajectory of the Sun's movement in winter in the Northern Hemisphere in the direction from north to south, and therefore it ultimately looks into the hole in which the moment of the Winter Solstice is recorded. Further, at more northern latitudes, the Sun peered into the hole earlier. Does any sunlight come through this hole before or after the solstice? Of course, why not? After all, a hole is not a point. But the approximate time of the Winter Solstice can be registered.
Megaliths in Siberia
Have you seen this yet? March 10, 2014 In Gornaya Shoria, in southern Siberia, researchers have found an exceptionally huge wall of granite stones.
Some of these giant granite stones are estimated to weigh over 3,000 tons, and as you'll see below, many of them were cut "with flat surfaces, right angles and sharp edges." Nothing of this magnitude had ever been discovered before. The largest stone found at the megalithic ruins in Baalbek, Lebanon, weighs less than 1,500 tons. So how did someone cut 3,000 tons of granite stones with unprecedented precision, move them up the side of a mountain and stack them 40 meters high?
The Anunnaki were helped to lift the large stones from which they created their pyramids and walls by aliens who are able to control gravity in relation to their ships, themselves and objects, such as large stones. Their ships float not with the help of jet propulsion, but due to the creation of a separate gravitational field inside the ship. Contactees report floating in the air during visits. Thus, the discovery of massive megaliths should not be a surprise. The Anunnaki were present on Earth even before humanity was genetically engineered from apes. The land was sparsely populated, so their mining operations did not interfere with the efforts of genetic engineers. Due to their long stay on Earth, they were or were buried under shifting soil, puzzling modern man.
Dolmens
Dolmens are ancient funeral and religious structures belonging to the category of megaliths (that is, structures made of large stones). The name comes from appearance structures common in Europe - a slab raised on stone supports, resembling a table. The main function for dolmens of all types is burial.
Why would early man cremate his dead? Today there are cultures in New Guinea that eat their dead to gain the strength and wisdom of the deceased. This approach to using the dead is common throughout the world. The practice can be found in Africa and South America, and was also practiced in China in the past. This is the basis of cannibalism. So given that the Anunnaki were viewed by early man as powerful and dominant giants, and given that early man would in all likelihood thus try to eat a dead Annunaki to gain these qualities, the Anunnaki regularly burned their dead. What is the reason that no Anunnaki mummies or graves have been found? They were burned and their ashes scattered.
Scientists argue no less about the purpose of megaliths than about who built them. But today there is still a consensus on this issue. Megaliths, as researchers suggest, had three main functions.
Single megaliths, menhirs, characteristic of the earliest period of this era, as some archaeologists believe, served as unique symbols that stood out against the backdrop of the agricultural landscape, and may have been boundary markers in conditions of a growing shortage of land suitable for arable land and pastures.
The most common European megaliths, dolmens, or stone boxes, were tombs for wealthy leaders or entire communities. Some of the earliest were simple tombs, consisting of vertically placed slabs covered with a horizontal slab. Access to such a grave was limited to a very narrow passage, which was blocked by a stone or earthen embankment. Even though the passage was often very low and narrow, it provided access to the grave for rituals. More complex structures consisted of entire alleys of stones. Under the long embankment there was a corridor with side stone chambers. Where there was not enough stone, the chambers were built from wood.
Many of these collective stone tombs were used for decades, even centuries, and such a large cemetery as, for example, Bouton in Western France - for more than 2 thousand years and contained the remains of hundreds of buried people.
The most complex stone structures, alleys and cromlechs, according to scientists, were a kind of astronomical observatories. These megalithic buildings were built collectively - by entire clans and tribes, because their construction required a huge expenditure of muscular strength.
The labor required to create even the smallest cromlechs and galleries was not comparable to the capabilities of an individual community. Digging ditches, transporting and installing huge stones involved cooperation between communities. Estimates of the man-hours required for the construction of these monuments show an interesting progression: the oldest megaliths in Wessex, judging by the calculations of the researchers, required about 50 - 70 thousand man-hours, while for later and larger structures about half a million man-hours were needed. And for the construction of Stonehenge at the third stage it took 2 million! The grandeur of such buildings and the colossal costs of their construction indicate the enormous importance of religion and ritual centers in the life of ancient Europeans. Although we know little about the religious beliefs of the megalith builders, there is no doubt that the celestial bodies played an important role in them: the Sun, the Moon, and the stars. Observations of astronomical and seasonal natural phenomena were the main functions of ancient observatories - ritual centers.
The Cromlech of Newgrange in Ireland is oriented so that sunlight enters the central chamber inside the stone circle on the exact day winter solstice in the middle of winter. Stonehenge was oriented to the summer solstice. With the help of these structures, it is possible to record other astronomical phenomena, in particular the location of stars in the sky.
Megalithic tomb under a long barrow at West Kennet. England
Hundreds of different carved designs that cover many megaliths also provide ideas about the lifestyle and worldview of the megalith builders. The earliest examples are simple axes and intersections, but over time more complex elements appear on them: spirals - symbols of the Sun, wavy lines - symbols of the water element. Entire galleries of such “engravings” have been opened in Scandinavia. There are images of human figures, hunting scenes, and fantastic creatures. They testify to how complex the religious ideas of the ancestors of Europeans were.
The old agricultural symbols of the Neolithic era, especially the female deity associated with abundance and the Earth, gradually gave way to a male mythology more consistent with the new order: wealth expressed in the number of livestock and metals, valuables captured in war. The old myth of the Mother Goddess has given way to new ones. Circles, wheels, spirals and similar elements reflect the endless movement associated with fire, the Sun and their opposite - water, the source of life. These elements became the main objects of veneration in Central and Western Europe.
Around the middle of the 6th millennium BC. e. the construction of stone circles and galleries in Spain, Portugal, North-West France and the British Isles ceases. Old cults are being replaced by new ones associated with the era of wars and enrichment. The objects of worship are the Earth and water. Gifts are dedicated to them - treasures buried in the ground or flooded in swamps and lakes. Collective tombs - dolmens - are being replaced by other forms of burial structures. A new era of warriors and heroes is dawning in Europe, the era of mounds under which ordinary community members and noble leaders were buried.
This small river flows in Ireland, in a coastal region located north of Dublin. In its valley, several burial mounds were discovered, as well as free-standing stone blocks belonging to the so-called massacre culture. Apparently, in ancient times this valley was considered a sacred place. The center of the entire local megalithic complex is, of course, Newgrange.
The Irish, who discovered Newgrange at the very end of the 17th century, long considered it the tomb of the Celtic kings.
Only later was it proven that this burial dates back to the 4th millennium BC. e., i.e. it is older Egyptian pyramids. The World Heritage List describes Newgrange as the largest and most important of Europe's megalithic structures of the period.
Indeed, this huge dolmen structure, 60-80 m long and 11 m high, is made of 200 thousand tons of stones, and is covered with earth and white quartz pebbles on top. An 18-meter corridor made of stone slabs leads from the entrance into the depths of the dolmen. It hides the path to the burial chamber itself with a ritual bowl and three niches decorated with stone carvings. Above the entrance, oriented to the southeast, there is an opening - a window through which the sun's rays can penetrate into the inner chamber, but only once a year - on the winter solstice, and then only for 17 minutes. What is this connected with? Why are only five people buried at Newgrange? How were ancient people able to bring such huge stone blocks here? There are no answers to these questions yet.
Perhaps the most famous megalithic monument in Europe is the giant cromlech Stonehenge (translated from Celtic, its name means “hanging stones”), near the city of Salisbury in southern England. Stonehenge has become a favorite object of study not only for archaeologists, but also for astronomers. It is estimated that the construction of Stonehenge took a third of a million hours in total. It turned out that the ring of giant boulders served as an astronomical observatory. 2 thousand years before Euclid and Pythagoras, the builders of Stonehenge used the mathematical laws they discovered in practice.
This structure has survived to this day in the form of a horseshoe of five pairs of vertical sandstone stones, covered on top with the same stone blocks (trilitles). This horseshoe was surrounded by a ring of 30 stone monoliths weighing 25 tons each and 4.5 m high. Inside it was a stone altar.
Stonehenge stones clearly indicate the sunrise and sunset at different times of the year. It is obvious that this cult was most closely connected with observations of the cyclical changes of nature, the movement of the Sun, Moon and stars. Stonehenge served many functions. It was a monument that embodied the energetic power of the Earth. It was an astronomical observatory. And finally, it was a temple built for people who prayed and celebrated religious holidays here.
The megalith in Avebury, adjacent to Stonehenge, is also a giant cromlech. Modern researchers believe that the outer circle consisted of about 100 stone blocks and was surrounded by a very wide ditch. Together with the two inner circles and the road leading to the monument, the total number of stones reached 274. The stones were unhewn and not decorated with patterns. They are believed to have been installed around 2600 BC. e., although religious rites were performed here before. The secrets of the Avebury stone rings have also not yet been fully solved. It is possible that ancient people worshiped the Sun and Moon in this place.
