Is a comma necessary after "furthermore"?
If we talk about the union except that, then a comma is placed both before the word that and before the word except.
Example sentence. He turned away and didn't say anything , except that He was tired of all this long ago.
In addition, this is an introductory combination that is separated by commas.
For example. Besides, Sort out the buckwheat and millet.
If the expression Besides is an introductory construction, it is separated by commas. For example: In addition, you can make a beautiful postcard with your own hands from scrap materials.. If the design Besides is a combination of a preposition and a pronoun, no comma is required. For example: Everyone left, except that guy.
Almost always it is also separated by commas. And sometimes not only at the beginning, but also at the end, that is, on both sides. This is due to the fact that caviar is also an introductory expression. Examples:
In addition, it is very useful to answer star questions on BV. We gain some new knowledge at BV, and in addition, we earn a penny.
BUT. If, in addition, it does not act as an introductory expression, but serves as a pronoun, then the comma is not placed. Example:
There is no good answer, except for the opus of less than 200 characters left by a newcomer to BV.
Thus, if in addition there is a pronoun - there is no comma, if the preposition (or introductory expression) is highlighted.
Good afternoon. Most often you come across sentences in which words also serve as an introductory expression. If this is the case, then you must separate it with commas on all sides. Example:
There are sentences in which these words are used as a preposition with a pronoun, then do not put a comma after this phrase. Example:
First of all, let’s say that in the overwhelming majority of cases (used in a text, a sentence), the word/combination of two words is also introductory. This is an introductory word, an introductory expression. Therefore, it must be highlighted with commas not only after, but also before (it is highlighted, separated by commas on both sides). If it is used at the very beginning of a sentence, then place a comma immediately after.
Example sentences:
In addition, running in the morning is very beneficial.
He and I graduated from the same school, in addition, we also studied in the same class.
It is important not to confuse this introductory expression and preposition with a pronoun in addition. In the second case (preposition and pronoun) are not separated/set off by commas (a comma is placed before except):
There was nothing left except that sad state from what he saw.
Usually restrictive - emphatic phrases, consisting of a combination of nouns in case form or pronouns replacing them, with prepositions except, despite, regardless of, apart from, apart from are separated in writing by a comma if they are at the beginning of a sentence or by two commas if they are in the middle of a sentence.
Apart from the seagulls, there was no one visible in the sea.
Nothing could be heard except the howling of the wind in the chimney.
She did this, contrary to the opinion of her relatives, and did not regret it at all.
Collocation Besides indicates the order of thoughts and their connections. It is introductory and is always isolated.
Also, clean up after yourself and lock the door.
This construction, as well as in all cases, is separated by commas. True, highlighting on both sides is typical when this combination is an introductory construction, but when we are talking about a preposition with a pronoun, then the highlighting is carried out on one side.
Introductory design:
We were at the camp, and in addition, our parents promised that we would also go to the sea.
Preposition and pronoun:
We were going into the forest; there was nothing around except that forest.
In addition, this is most often an introductory phrase and it is always separated by commas, you just need to remember this. However, in some cases, it also appears in a sentence in the form of a preposition and a pronoun, in which case there is no need to put a comma/s.
Example: in addition to reading 20 books over the summer, I also learned the multiplication table.
In addition to the compote, I will also have this tea.
In addition, as a phraseological unit, it will be highlighted with a comma in all cases. Both in the role of an introductory word and in the meaning in addition, with the exception of. This is a very handy introductory structure. A journalist is also recommended to replace it with in addition.
In rare cases, in addition, it is not a single phraseological unit, then a comma may not be placed.
Yes, almost always a turnover. In addition, it occupies a place at the beginning of the sentence and, preceding the general thought contained in the sentence, is an introductory construction, and therefore is separated by a comma, which is placed immediately after it.
For example: I was a practicing journalist, in addition, I was also a translator, since I lived in the USA for 10 years and knew English perfectly.
If we have a conjunction in front of us, then a comma is also placed, but as a rule it precedes the word - WHAT, which is placed immediately after it.
For example: Besides the fact that this man did not look very neat, he was also constantly rude and I had no desire to communicate with him.
Revolutions with value inclusions, exclusions and substitutions naming objects included in a series homogeneous members or, conversely, items excluded from it, or items replacing others, are highlighted or not separated by commas according to the conditions of the context. Such phrases include prepositions and prepositional combinations except, along with, besides, (not) excluding, apart from, including, over, instead and etc.
Separation Necessarily at following conditions: position at the absolute beginning of a sentence; location between subject and predicate (breaking their connection); location between the control word and the controlled one (breaking their relation): When did they come difficult years Civil War, Lise,along with everyone else , had to look for a service(Fed.); Squad,with the exception of three or four people who are “homeless” , as usual, broke up into groups(Fad.); A job that hasbesides everything , and big clean scientific significance (Paust.); With everyone on the ship,not excluding the silent bartender , Smury spoke abruptly(M.G.); Many existing problems and trends,including human factor , indicated in the report(gas.); Beyond Grigoriev's expectations , the gunfire did not cause noticeable confusion in the ranks of the Reds(Shol.).
Wed: I found myself in a column of demonstratorsalong with others . – Along with others , I found myself in a column of demonstrators(start of sentence); I,along with others , found himself in a column of demonstrators(between subject and predicate); – I found myselfalong with others , in the column of demonstrators(between the control and controlled word).
| Note 1. Turnover with preposition except has two meanings: a) one coincides with the meaning of the words with the exception of, i.e., it has the meaning of exclusion from a number of similar items: On all the shores of the bay for hundreds of miles I did not meet a single person, and,except bitter wormwood and dry weeds , I didn’t pick a single blade of grass(Paust.); Vershinin sent the meadowmen to the institute, allexcept Sviridova , - he included her in the high-mountain detachment(Hall.); b) other - this is a designation for inclusion in a number of similar items: At Bunin's,except brilliant, completely classic stories , there are drawings of extraordinary purity(Paust.); I heard,except for the hum of the engine , a few more sounds(Paust.). |
Currently, differences in the meanings of phrases with the word except do not affect punctuation: in both cases, comma separation is provided. However, in the past, phrases with the meaning of inclusion were not marked with punctuation marks. Wed: Besides teachers The students also came to the meeting. –Besides teachers , no one came to the meeting.
He slowly walked around all the harbors and all the piers - incredibly thin and solemn, like Don Quixote, leaninginstead of a knight's spear on a thick stick(Paust.) preposition instead of has the meaning “in return” (leaned on a stick, not a spear).
Pretext instead of can have one of the meanings of the preposition behind. In this case, the turnover from instead of not isolated: He got into the cab of the car instead of the driver(for a driver, as a driver).
Separate themselves revolutions with combinations except: We are evil to no one, except for bears, we don't(Mark.).
Today we have a really difficult topic that causes a lot of controversy. We consider the question of whether a comma is needed after “in addition” or not. Let us reassure the reader and say that this is not the most complex problem on the way to the truth.
In fact, there should be no doubt here, because everything is clear. “In addition” is an introductory combination, and therefore it is always isolated, regardless of location. For example:
It is difficult to imagine that our object of study could be at the end of a sentence, because this introductory construction indicates the connection between thoughts, and the end of a sentence is the finale of the presentation.
But, as with any rule, you need to be careful here and not confuse the introductory construction and preposition with a pronoun. For example:
If the reader needs an answer to the question of whether a comma is needed after “in addition” or not, then he is lucky, because the answer has already been given. But if we get rid of part of the structure and leave only the pretext, then the real adventures and difficulties begin here.
People who have not immersed themselves in the punctuation jungle of the Russian language almost automatically put a comma before “except”, without particularly thinking about the meaning. So, this is not worth doing, since there are elusive, subtle differences that sometimes even the author himself does not notice.
According to D. E. Rosenthal, constructions with a preposition are not isolated in the meaning of inclusion. Let's give an example to make it clear:
True, here too one cannot do without exceptions. In some cases, in order to avoid ambiguity, even such constructions are isolated. For example:
Subtleties, of course, make it very difficult to make a decision in one case or another. As you can see, the question of how to write “in addition” (whether a comma is needed or not) is not the most difficult one. But what follows is even more interesting.
Here the reader and I find ourselves on familiar ground, where commas are still useful, moreover, they will be familiar. For example:
As you can see, it is not a single preposition that is isolated, but the entire phrase. There is no point in going on too long here, because this is a more or less well-known rule.
And here are the opinions ordinary people and sources were divided. The first believe that this is different designs, and, accordingly, one is separated by commas, and the other is not. Sources claim their synonymy, which means that the “colleague” of the research object, being an introductory combination, is also highlighted with commas in the letter, regardless of its location in the sentence.
We can discuss linguistic delights until we become hoarse, but let’s try to resolve the dispute in practice. Let’s assume that “besides this” is an introductory construction, then the sentence with it will be as follows:
If we mentally replace “besides this” with “in addition,” nothing will change, that is, practice shows that sources do not deceive. It’s another matter when the introductory combination breaks up into a preposition and a noun following it. For example:
IN in this case we cannot talk about an introductory construction, so the placement of commas is subject to general rule. This is easy to check: mentally remove the elements of the phrase that raise doubts, and the sentence will quickly become meaningless.
Yes, it is not an easy job to place commas. Of course, from physical activity The body may not be able to withstand it, but the psyche may not be able to withstand the mental ones. But we try to make sure that the reader does not think what the combination looks like « in addition” punctuation, especially since this is the easiest case.
Russian spelling is complex, and punctuation is even more complex. And even a literate person can find it difficult to decide correct arrangement punctuation marks. Following the line of least resistance, the question of how to correctly highlight “in addition” in the text (whether a comma is needed here or not) can be resolved radically and the construction abandoned altogether. There are two options here:
Examples of sentences without the described combination are as follows:
As you can see, whether we add the object of study to the sentences or not, the meaning will not change.
But sometimes you can’t just edit the text; replacements are required. We offer some that are most suitable for the “in addition” combination:
As you can see, there is plenty to choose from to solve the problem - whether a comma is placed after “in addition” or not.
We hope that all these difficulties will not alienate the reader, and he will continue to improve in the knowledge of the great and mighty.
Commas are not always highlighted oral speech pause. This makes it difficult to place punctuation marks. However, designs usually follow strict rules, which greatly simplifies the work. For example, “besides this.” Is a comma necessary in this case? Let's explore the issue in detail.
If the object consists of a noun and a preposition , it becomes isolated.
In addition to ice cream, chocolate, cake and pastries were served for dessert.
He called five more friends besides Peter.
As can be seen from the example, " besides" separated by commas in any position if it is part of a separate complement.
A preposition may be part of a conjunction ( "Besides that"). The structure must be isolated. There are two options for highlighting the comma here:
He has already become a prize-winner at international competitions, in addition to winning many awards in his native country.
In addition to sponsoring the event, he also donated all the funds received to charity.
We looked at when a comma is used. "Besides" may not be isolated. Pay attention to the examples:
He did not want to go on a trip against the will of his parents, but they all did not give their consent.
Here the preposition has the meaning “in spite of”, “against”, so isolation is not required.
Let's look at another proposal.
In addition to the desire to fight, he had innate ability inspire others.
Is a comma required in this case? "Besides" means "except", "over", Therefore, separation is necessary. Although the two constructions are very similar, they have different meanings in context, so the punctuation will be different.
We can freely revise the offer:
Beyond his desire to fight, he had the innate ability to inspire others. But we can't tell "He didn't want to go on a trip against his parents' wishes."
Place punctuation marks correctly. Instead of the blank, substitute prepositions (use different ones for comparison).
Answer: isolation is not required only in the fourth sentence, since the preposition means “in spite of.”
Besides that
union
Syntactic constructions beginning with the conjunction “except that” are distinguished by punctuation marks. Moreover, if the conjunction is not located at the beginning of the sentence, a comma is usually placed before both the word “except” and the word “what.”
As a girl, she did not stand out in any way in the crowd of brown school dresses: what could be said about her?, except that she is one of the pretty, rich and happy girls that she is capable, but playful and very careless about the instructions that the classy lady gives her? I. Bunin, Easy breathing. I told you I won't give you a penny, except that will follow the work. A. Fet, Autumn chores. Besides that a thousand rubles in pure money, we give three coats, a bed and all the furniture. A. Chekhov, Wedding. Sitting next to a young woman who seemed so beautiful at dawn, calmed and enchanted by this fabulous setting - the sea, mountains, clouds, wide sky, Gurov thought about how, in essence, if you think about it, everything is beautiful in this world, All, except that We ourselves think and act when we forget about the highest goals of existence, about our human dignity. A. Chekhov, Lady with a Dog.
Dictionary-reference book on punctuation. - M.: Reference and information Internet portal GRAMOTA.RU. V. V. Svintsov, V. M. Pakhomov, I. V. Filatova. 2010 .
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