The same word in a sentence can have several definitions, which can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. With non-union communication commas separate only homogeneous definitions, and between heterogeneous definitions no comma.
I. The definitions are uniform:
1. if indicated distinctive signs of different objects, characterizing them on the one hand.
2. if indicated various signs of the same object, characterizing it on one side.
3. if they characterize an object either only with positive sides and they can be assessed with a “+” sign, or only with negative sides and they can be assessed with a “-”.
4. if they represent figurative definitions (epithets).
6. if they are standing after defined word.
7. when describing appearance .
8. if are opposed other definitions related to the same defined word.
Each of the homogeneous definitions is directly related to the word being defined.
II. Definitions are heterogeneous:
1. if relate not directly to the defined, but to noun combination with the definition in front of it.
2. if they characterize an object With different sides .
Not homogeneous definitions can become homogeneous if in the context they acquire some common feature.
III. Some cases allow ambiguity:
Comma placement V first case means that second definition explains the first(She put on a new one, namely a mink coat).
Missing comma in second case means that the definition of new refers to the combination of a mink coat (She wore a new mink coat, although there is another mink coat, apparently already old).
If several definitions refer to the same subject or object, this does not mean that you necessarily have a series of homogeneous definitions. There are also heterogeneous definitions. What is their difference?
Homogeneous definitions characterize an object from one side (by color, shape, size) or create a holistic picture of the object.
Homogeneous definitions connected by a coordinating connection; they equally directly relate to the defined noun and are pronounced with enumerative intonation.
Between homogeneous definitions you can usually insert a conjunction And .
For example: She ran into the room cheerful, loud laughing girl. (Cheerful, laughing– homogeneous definitions expressing mood, state, a conjunction can be placed between them And .) They stood in a vase red, orange And yellow flowers. (Red, orange And yellow- homogeneous definitions denoting a common feature - color.)
Heterogeneous definitions characterize an object from different angles. In this case, only the closest definition directly relates to the word being defined, and the other refers to the combination of the defined noun with the first definition.
Between heterogeneous definitions there is no coordinating connection, they are pronounced without enumerative intonation and do not allow the insertion of a conjunction And .
As a rule, heterogeneous definitions are expressed by adjectives of different categories (for example, high quality And relative ).
For example: She ran into the room small loud laughing girl. (Small, laughing– heterogeneous definitions, it is impossible to put a union between them And .)
They stood in a vase large red fragrant flowers.(Large, red, fragrant - adjectives denoting different signs: color, shape, smell; These are heterogeneous definitions.)
To differentiate homogeneous And heterogeneous definitions, it is necessary to take into account a whole complex of characteristics. When parsing and arranging punctuation marks, pay attention to the meaning, method of expression and order of definitions in the sentence.
Signs of homogeneity of definitions
Indicate signs of homogeneous objects: blue, yellow, red balls;
denote characteristics that are interdependent in context (= since, therefore): lunar, clear evening (= clear, because lunar);
denote artistic images, metaphors: lead, extinguished eyes;
there is a semantic gradation: joyful, festive, radiant mood;
the single definition is placed before the common one: empty, covered with snow field;
located after the defined word: woman young, beautiful, good, intelligent, charming
;
denote a subjective characteristic (optional attribute): small, golden cloud; long, narrow carpet;
in the position after the word being defined: clouds round, high, golden gray, with delicate white edges
.
denote features that are synonymous in the context, while in the context they are united by some common feature (the similarity of the impression they make, appearance, etc.): He handed me red, swollen, dirty hand; Heavy, cold clouds lay on the tops of the surrounding mountains; IN thick, dark gray strands glistened in her hair; pale, strict face; funny, good-natured laughter; deserted, unfriendly house; affectionate, alive eyes; proud, brave view; dry, cracked lips; heavy, evil feeling; grey, continuous, small rain etc.
Between homogeneous definitions not connected by conjunctions, a comma is added.
For example: Reds, white, pink, yellow carnations made up beautiful bouquet. Strange, cutting, painful the cry suddenly rang out twice in a row over the river.
Signs of heterogeneity of definitions
Designate shape and material: P narrow walnut the Bureau;
indicate color and shape: white round clouds;
indicate size and material: large stone Houses;
indicate quality and location: gloomy Siberian river.
Definitions expressed by different parts of speech are also heterogeneous.
For example: At the end of November it fell first easy snowball.(Words first And easy first– numeral, easy- adjective; they do not form a series of homogeneous members). My old one house.(Words "my" And " old" refer to different parts speeches: my– pronouns, old– adjective, they also do not form a series of homogeneous members). A neglected orchard.(Words " running" And "fruit" refer to different parts of speech: running- single participle, fruit- adjective).
We draw your attention to the fact that a single participle will be heterogeneous, and a participle with a dependent word (participial phrase) is included in a number of homogeneous definitions, and the participial phrase should be in second place.
For example: black combed hair(heterogeneous definitions); black, smoothly combed hair(homogeneous definitions). A comma is placed only between homogeneous members; after the participial phrase, if not special conditions isolation, no comma.
Between heterogeneous definitions no comma.
Homogeneous and heterogeneous applications
1. Depending on the meaning, applications not connected by conjunctions can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. Applications that appear before the word being defined and denote similar features of an object, characterizing it on the one hand, are homogeneous and are separated by commas.
For example: Laureate Nobel Prize, academician HELL. Sakharov – honorary titles; Doctor of Philology, Professor S.I. Radzig – academic degree and rank; World Cup winner, champion Europe – sports titles; Olympic champion, holder of the “golden belt” of European champion, one of the most technical boxers, candidate of technical sciences, professor- listing of different titles.
If applications indicate different characteristics of an object, characterize it from different sides, then they are heterogeneous and are not separated by commas.
For example: First Deputy Minister of Defense General of the Army – position and military rank; chief designer of the design institute for construction mechanical engineering for precast concrete engineer – position and profession; CEO production association candidate of technical sciences – position and academic degree.
2. When combining homogeneous and heterogeneous applications, punctuation marks are placed accordingly: head of the interuniversity department of general and university pedagogy, doctor pedagogical sciences, Professor; Honored Master of Sports, Olympic champion, two-time World Cup winner, student of the Institute of Physical Education; Honored Master of Sports, absolute world champion, student at the Institute of Physical Education.
Incorrect punctuation is one of the typical mistakes allowed in writing. The most difficult ones usually include placing commas in sentences where there are heterogeneous or homogeneous definitions. Only a clear understanding of their features and differences helps make the entry correct and readable.
This is a denoting attribute, property or quality of an object denoted by a noun. Most often expressed by an adjective ( white scarf), participle ( running boy), pronoun ( our house), ordinal number ( second number) and answers the questions "which one?" "whose?". However, there may be cases of use as a definition of a noun ( checkered dress), a verb in the infinitive form ( dream of being able to fly), adjective in simple comparative degree (an older girl appeared), adverbs ( Hard boiled egg).
Definition this concept is given in syntax and concerns the structure of the simple (or predicative part Homogeneous members expressed by words of the same part of speech and the same form, depend on the same word. Therefore, they will respond to general question and perform the same syntactic function in a sentence. Homogeneous members are connected with each other by a coordinating or non-union connection. It should also be noted that their rearrangement within a syntactic structure is usually possible.
Based on the above rule, we can say that homogeneous definitions characterize an object on the basis of common (similar) features and qualities. Consider the sentence: “ In the garden, white, scarlet, burgundy buds of roses that had not yet bloomed proudly towered over their fellow flowers." The homogeneous definitions used in it denote color, and therefore characterize the object according to the same characteristic. Or another example: " Soon, low, heavy clouds hung over the city sweltering from the heat." In this sentence, one feature is logically connected to another.
This question often causes difficulties. To understand the material, let’s take a closer look at what features each group of definitions has.
Homogeneous | Heterogeneous |
Each definition refers to one word being defined: " The cheerful, uncontrollable laughter of children was heard from all sides.» | The closest definition refers to the noun, and the second to the resulting combination: “ On this frosty January morning I didn’t want to go outside for a long time.» |
All adjectives are usually qualitative: “ A beautiful, new bag hung on Katyusha’s shoulder.» | Combination with a relative or with a pronoun, participle, numeral: big stone castle, my good friend, third intercity bus |
You can insert a connecting conjunction AND: “ For the craft you needed white, red,(AND) blue sheets of paper» | Cannot be used with I: “ In one hand Tatyana was old, in the other she was holding a string bag with vegetables» |
Expressed by one part of speech. Exception: adjective + participial phrase or inconsistent definitions after a noun | Refer to different parts of speech: “ We finally waited for the first light frost(numeral+adjective) and hit the road» |
These are the main features, knowledge of which will allow you to easily distinguish between sentences with homogeneous definitions and heterogeneous ones. This means using punctuation marks correctly.
In addition, when performing syntactic and punctuation analysis of a sentence, you need to remember the following important points.
It is also necessary to dwell on the next group of definitions. These are adjectives and participial phrases used side by side and related to the same noun. Here, punctuation depends on the position of the latter.
Definitions that correspond to the scheme “single adjective + participial phrase” are almost always homogeneous. For example, " In the distance, dark mountains towering above the forest could be seen" However, if the participial phrase is used before the adjective and refers not to the noun, but to the entire combination, the rule “punctuation marks for homogeneous definitions” does not work. For example, " Yellow leaves swirling in the autumn air smoothly fell onto the damp ground.».
One more point needs to be taken into account. Consider this example: “ Among the dense, spreading fir trees, darkened in the twilight, it was difficult to see the narrow path leading to the lake" This is a sentence with isolated homogeneous definitions expressed by participial phrases. Moreover, the first of them is located between two single adjectives and clarifies the meaning of the word “thick”. Therefore, according to the rules for the design of homogeneous members, they are distinguished in writing by punctuation marks.
Such homogeneous definitions - examples show this - are an excellent means of expressiveness in work of art. With their help, writers and poets emphasize certain significant details in the description of an object (person).
Sometimes in speech you can find sentences with homogeneous definitions, expressed by a combination of qualitative and relative adjectives. For example, " Until recently, old, low houses stood in this place, but now there are new, tall ones." As shown this example, in such a case, two groups of definitions are distinguished that relate to one noun, but have opposite meanings.
Another case concerns definitions interconnected by explanatory relationships. " Completely different sounds, alien to the boy, were heard from open window " In this sentence, after the first definition, the words “namely”, “that is” would be appropriate.
Here everything depends on how homogeneous definitions are related to each other. Commas are used in non-union connections. Example: " A short, wrinkled, hunchbacked old woman was sitting on a chair on the porch, silently pointing to the open door." If there are coordinating conjunctions (“usually”, “and”), punctuation marks are not needed. " Women in white and blue homespun shirts peered into the distance, hoping to recognize the horseman approaching them." Thus, these sentences are subject to punctuation rules that apply to all syntactic constructions with homogeneous members.
If the definitions are heterogeneous (their examples are discussed in the table), a comma is not placed between them. Exception with combinations that can be ambiguous. For example, " After much debate and reflection, it was decided to resort to other proven methods" IN in this case it all depends on the meaning of the participle. A comma is used if “namely” can be inserted before the word “verified”.
Analysis of all of the above leads to the conclusion that punctuation literacy largely depends on knowledge of specific theoretical material on syntax: what is a definition, homogeneous members of a sentence.
If several definitions refer to the same subject or object, this does not mean that you necessarily have a series of homogeneous definitions. There are also heterogeneous definitions. What is their difference?
Homogeneous definitions characterize an object from one side (by color, shape, size) or create a holistic picture of the object.
Homogeneous definitions connected by a coordinating connection; they equally directly relate to the defined noun and are pronounced with enumerative intonation.
Between homogeneous definitions you can usually insert a conjunction And .
For example: She ran into the room cheerful, loud laughing girl. (Cheerful, laughing– homogeneous definitions expressing mood, state, a conjunction can be placed between them And .) They stood in a vase red, orange And yellow flowers. (Red, orange And yellow- homogeneous definitions denoting a common feature - color.)
Heterogeneous definitions characterize an object from different angles. In this case, only the closest definition directly relates to the word being defined, and the other refers to the combination of the defined noun with the first definition.
Between heterogeneous definitions there is no coordinating connection, they are pronounced without enumerative intonation and do not allow the insertion of a conjunction And .
As a rule, heterogeneous definitions are expressed by adjectives of different categories (for example, high quality And relative ).
For example: She ran into the room small loud laughing girl. (Small, laughing– heterogeneous definitions, it is impossible to put a union between them And .)
They stood in a vase large red fragrant flowers.(Large, red, fragrant - adjectives denoting different characteristics: color, shape, smell; these are heterogeneous definitions.)
To differentiate homogeneous And heterogeneous definitions, it is necessary to take into account a whole complex of characteristics. When parsing and arranging punctuation marks, pay attention to the meaning, method of expression and order of definitions in the sentence.
Signs of homogeneity of definitions
Indicate signs of homogeneous objects: blue, yellow, red balls;
denote characteristics that are interdependent in context (= since, therefore): lunar, clear evening (= clear, because lunar);
denote artistic images, metaphors: lead, extinguished eyes;
there is a semantic gradation: joyful, festive, radiant mood;
the single definition is placed before the common one: empty, covered with snow field;
located after the defined word: woman young, beautiful, good, intelligent, charming
;
denote a subjective characteristic (optional attribute): small, golden cloud; long, narrow carpet;
in the position after the word being defined: clouds round, high, golden gray, with delicate white edges
.
denote features that are synonymous in the context, while in the context they are united by some common feature (the similarity of the impression they make, appearance, etc.): He handed me red, swollen, dirty hand; Heavy, cold clouds lay on the tops of the surrounding mountains; IN thick, dark gray strands glistened in her hair; pale, strict face; funny, good-natured laughter; deserted, unfriendly house; affectionate, alive eyes; proud, brave view; dry, cracked lips; heavy, evil feeling; grey, continuous, small rain etc.
Between homogeneous definitions not connected by conjunctions, a comma is added.
For example: Reds, white, pink, yellow carnations made a beautiful bouquet. Strange, cutting, painful the cry suddenly rang out twice in a row over the river.
Signs of heterogeneity of definitions
Designate shape and material: P narrow walnut the Bureau;
indicate color and shape: white round clouds;
indicate size and material: large stone Houses;
indicate quality and location: gloomy Siberian river.
Definitions expressed by different parts of speech are also heterogeneous.
For example: At the end of November it fell first easy snowball.(Words first And easy first– numeral, easy- adjective; they do not form a series of homogeneous members). My old one house.(Words "my" And " old" refer to different parts of speech: my– pronouns, old– adjective, they also do not form a series of homogeneous members). A neglected orchard.(Words " running" And "fruit" refer to different parts of speech: running- single participle, fruit- adjective).
We draw your attention to the fact that a single participle will be heterogeneous, and a participle with a dependent word (participial phrase) is included in a number of homogeneous definitions, and the participial phrase should be in second place.
For example: black combed hair(heterogeneous definitions); black, smoothly combed hair(homogeneous definitions). A comma is placed only between homogeneous members; after the participial phrase, if there are no special conditions for isolation, a comma is not placed.
Between heterogeneous definitions no comma.
Homogeneous and heterogeneous applications
1. Depending on the meaning, applications not connected by conjunctions can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. Applications that appear before the word being defined and denote similar features of an object, characterizing it on the one hand, are homogeneous and are separated by commas.
For example: Nobel Prize laureate, academician HELL. Sakharov– honorary titles; Doctor of Philology, Professor S.I. Radzig– academic degree and title; World Cup winner, champion Europe – sports titles; Olympic champion, holder of the “golden belt” of European champion, one of the most technical boxers, candidate of technical sciences, professor- listing of different titles.
If applications indicate different characteristics of an object, characterize it from different sides, then they are heterogeneous and are not separated by commas.
For example: First Deputy Minister of Defense General of the Army – position and military rank; chief designer of the design institute for construction mechanical engineering for precast reinforced concrete engineer – position and profession; General Director of the production association Candidate of Technical Sciences – position and academic degree.
2. When combining homogeneous and heterogeneous applications, punctuation marks are placed accordingly: Head of the Interuniversity Department of General and University Pedagogy, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor; Honored Master of Sports, Olympic champion, two-time World Cup winner, student of the Institute of Physical Education; Honored Master of Sports, absolute world champion, student at the Institute of Physical Education.
Without definitions that explain the properties and quality of an object, human speech would be “dry” and uninteresting. Everything that has a characteristic is conveyed in sentences using definitions. It is the description of objects that creates our knowledge about it and our attitude towards it: tasty fruit, bitter experience, beautiful person, white and fluffy rabbit, etc. Such explanations characterizing objects help to better understand them.
To further reveal the content of a sentence or strengthen any part of it, homogeneous members of sentences are often used. They answer the same question and explain or relate to the same part of the sentence. Homogeneous members are absolutely independent and are connected in a sentence either by enumerative intonation or by coordinating conjunctions. Rarely can they be linked subordinating conjunctions, conveying the meaning of the concession or the reasons for what is happening.
For example:
All members of a sentence, both secondary and major, can be equally homogeneous. Difficulties in placing punctuation marks often raise doubts about their uniformity. To know when commas are needed and when they are not, you need to understand what distinguishes between homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions.
Definitions that relate to one member of a sentence or that characterize it and answer one question are considered homogeneous. Commas are placed between homogeneous definitions, since they describe an object from some aspect or list its varieties, for example:
Heterogeneous definitions give a description of an object from different sides, characterizing it by its various qualities.
This is what distinguishes homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions. Examples have shown that homogeneous ones are divided according to the characteristics and conditions that they characterize. They are also characterized by enumerative intonation.
According to the method of expressing characteristics and place in a sentence, homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions can be divided.
Heterogeneous ones include:
Another feature that distinguishes homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions (examples clearly demonstrate this) is the absence of enumerative intonation when they reveal different properties of objects.
To determine what type of definitions in a sentence belong to, you should know what specific features of the subject they can characterize. In the section “Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Definitions” (grade 8), the main features indicating homogeneity are given:
Homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions are also distinguished by punctuation marks in a sentence. With homogeneous minor terms they are always placed.
It is important to correctly determine whether or not to put punctuation marks when there are homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions in a sentence. The lesson (8th grade) on this topic gives the following examples of comma placement:
Commas are not used if homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions are separated by the coordinating conjunction and. For example: red and yellow balls (uniform definitions); the house was large and made of stone (heterogeneous definitions).
In addition to the main ones, there are additional signs indicating that the definitions are homogeneous. This is characteristic of either poetic forms, related requirements rhymes or terminology. In such speech constructions, definitions, even those that come after the object they define, may be undefinable. For example:
Homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions (the exercises confirm this) can move from one quality to another. For example, when one definition comes before another, forming a single phrase with the subject: a long train.
A special type includes definitions that connect explanatory relations. In this case, it is easy to determine where the definitions are homogeneous and heterogeneous. The test for distinguishing them is to substitute the conjunctions “namely” and “that is.”
A comma is placed between homogeneous definitions associated with explanatory conditions.
As the rules show, they may have exceptions or notes, which is confirmed by the study of the topic “homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions.” A class 11 lesson introduces students to a note on this topic. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions tend to change the meaning of a sentence, for example:
In the first example, the emphasis is on the fact that taxis in the city have turned yellow. In the second, new cars appeared among the yellow taxis.
Depending on what intonation the speaker uses, in some phrases the definition following the first may become not homogeneous, but explanatory. For example:
In the second example, you can substitute the conjunctions “that is” and “namely”, so a comma is added and the intonation changes.
Agreed definitions related to one defined word can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Homogeneous definitions Each is directly related to the word being defined and is in the same relationship to it. Homogeneous definitions are connected with each other by coordinating conjunctions and enumerative intonation or only by enumerative intonation and connecting pauses.
Homogeneous definitions are used in two cases:
a) to designate the distinctive features of different objects (varieties of objects of the same kind are listed, for example: Red, green, purple, yellow, blue sheets of light fall on passers-by, slide along facades (Cat.));
b) to designate various, logically one-dimensional, characteristics of the same object (the characteristics of the object are listed, and most often the object is characterized on one side, for example: Chapaev loved a strong, decisive, firm word (Furm.)).
Homogeneous definitions can also characterize an object from different angles, but the context creates conditions for the convergence of the features they express (a unifying feature can be a distant general concept, the similarity of the impression produced by the signs, appearance etc.), for example: Napoleon made a questioning gesture with his small, white and plump hand (L.T.).
In a series of homogeneous definitions, each subsequent one can strengthen the attribute they express, as a result of which a semantic gradation is created, for example: In autumn, the feather grass steppes completely change and acquire their own special, original, incomparable similar appearance(Ax.).
Between homogeneous definitions, since they form a coordinating series and are logically and semantically equal treatment to the word being defined, you can usually insert coordinating conjunction: cheerful and open smile, open and charming smile etc. (Heterogeneous definitions do not allow this: it is impossible to say: climbed the creaky and wooden stairs, put on a new and red dress.)
Usually the adjective and the participial phrase that follows it (or just a participle) act as homogeneous definitions, for example: It was somehow sad in this small, already touched late autumn garden (Hump.); a clean, ironed shirt; gray, dull day.
Definitions are heterogeneous, if the preceding definition does not refer directly to the defined noun, but to a combination of the subsequent definition and the defined noun, for example: The sun disappeared behind the leading low torn cloud (L.T.).
Heterogeneous definitions characterize an object from different sides, in different respects, for example: large leather briefcase(size and material), long pale face (shape and color), beautiful Moscow boulevards (quality and location), etc. But, if it is possible to bring such characteristics under a general generic concept, the definitions can become homogeneous, for example: Along the mossy, swampy banks there were black huts here and there (P.) (the unifying feature is swampy).
Definitions expressed by qualitative and relative adjectives are heterogeneous, since they are not in the same relationship to the noun: relative adjective extends the noun, and the qualitative is attached to the phrase (relative adjective + noun) as a whole name: sunny autumn day.
Also, the definitions expressed by:
1) pronoun and adjective: your new hat, this one is wooden box;
2) ordinal numbers and adjectives: second stone house;
3) participle and adjective (in that order): purely washed wooden floor, tanned cheerful face.
Specifying definitions are not homogeneous (the second definition, often inconsistent, clarifies the first, limits the attribute it expresses), for example: Only a narrow, three hundred fathoms strip fertile land constitutes the possession of the Cossacks (L. T.)
Lady nee
The greatest difficulties in establishing the homogeneity or heterogeneity of the members of a sentence are associated with homogeneous definitions, which must be distinguished from heterogeneous ones (and this is not always easy).
First of all, homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions relate differently to the noun being defined.
Each of the homogeneous definitions explains the directly defined noun: An interesting, exciting film.
In the case of heterogeneous definitions, only the definition closest to the noun is directly related to it and, together with the noun, forms a single complex name. And a definition more distant from the noun characterizes this entire complex name as a whole: A good May day, that is, the definition of good refers not to the word day, but to the phrase May day.
Heterogeneity relations are most often observed between qualitative and relative adjectives-definers (a large glass vase, a new leather bag), while the relative adjective stands immediately before the noun and is part of a complex name, and the qualitative characterizes this entire complex name as a whole.
Definitions are usually heterogeneous if: 1) they are expressed by a pronoun and an adjective: your blue suit; our new friend; each interesting book; 2) numeral and adjective: the first winter day; two old linden trees; 3) participle and adjective: crumbled autumn leaves; dull gray eyes; 4) qualitative adjective and relative: big stone house; bright morning dawn; strong male voice. Such definitions indicate different characteristics of an object: belonging and color, size and material, shape and color, quality and location, etc.
Combinations with homogeneous definitions are semantically diverse. In general, they can be divided into two groups: 1) definitions that name the characteristics of different objects; 2) definitions naming the characteristics of the same object. (Heterogeneous definitions always characterize one object, but from different sides: There was an old hanging wall clock in the office (L. Tolstoy).)
1) With the help of definitions, varieties of objects are designated that differ in any one respect: color, purpose, material, geographical location, etc.
For example: At a great distance, a city lay out and quietly blazed and sparkled with blue, white, yellow lights (V. Korolenko).
Homogeneity of definitions in such groups is strictly required and is easily recognized. (It is precisely such definitions that either include or allow the inclusion of the conjunction c.)
2) Much more often there are such homogeneous definitions that characterize the same object or a single group of objects. It can be:
A) synonymous definitions (the homogeneity of which is required, since they express one attribute, i.e., characterize an object on one side): a sharp, piercing wind; thick, dense fog;
B) definitions that denote different signs, but often and naturally accompany each other (between such definitions you can insert a causal conjunction since, because): dark, low clouds; night, deserted city;
3) the definitions are necessarily homogeneous, of which the first is single, and the second is a participial phrase (the single definition precedes the common one): we walked through a quiet, star-lit taiga (but: we walked through a quiet, star-lit taiga).
Kitty
Heterogeneous definitions characterize an object from different sides, designate different characteristics of the object, for example, its size, shape, color, material, location, etc. For example: 1) On the edge of the felling lay... a large iron (size and material) stove, indicating that the forest was cut down in winter (V. Soloukhin). 2) Bestuzhev took off the green knitted (color and material) glove from her hand and kissed the cold fingers (K. Paustovsky). 3) A thick rough notebook (size and purpose), in which I wrote down plans and rough sketches, was placed at the bottom of the suitcase (V. Kaverin). 4) Around noon, a lot of round high (shape and location) clouds usually appear... (I. Turgenev).
As a rule, definitions expressed by a combination of qualitative and relative adjectives are heterogeneous
Mire kim
Identify the words being defined, underline homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions. For a long time, no attention was paid to the Dymkovo clay painted toy. Interest, and then real world recognition, has come to her in our days. After all, today there is an acute shortage of goodness.
For a long time, no attention was paid to the Dymkovo clay painted toy. Interest, and then real world recognition, has come to her in our days. After all, today there is an acute shortage of goodness.
Dymkovka is a childish, joyful, optimistic view of the world. There are caring, serious nannies with children here; graceful playful water bears; funny colorful rams with golden horns; harmless nobles - arrogant and funny. These are happy young people riding a boat; cheerful active buffoons on horses; shy young ladies with umbrellas. And how funny is the rider on a spotted horse in his arrogant, majestic pose!
The famous Dymkovo toy is alien to halftones and imperceptible transitions. These are eye-catching, brightly colored optimistic toys.
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