Over the millennia, a huge number of walls have been built around the world, some of which are more famous, others less so. In this collection you will learn about which buildings are the most famous and visited. For example, the Great Wall of China is a cult landmark of China and is known throughout the world. That's where we'll start this review.
This wall was built much later than the previous ones, but is no less famous. Construction began in 1961, at the peak cold war. The wall was built by East Germany in the middle of Berlin to stop East Berliners from fleeing to the west. The wall finally ceased to fulfill its purpose with the fall Soviet Union in 1989. Remains of this historic building can still be found to this day, and is one of Berlin's biggest tourist attractions. 
One of the oldest walls still standing today, the Troy Wall was built in the 13th century BC to protect the legendary city of Troy. This wall resisted the famous 10-year siege of Troy. 
The longest wall in Europe, Hadrian's Wall was built by the Romans to protect their colony of Britain from tribes in Scotland. The wall stretches for 117 km from coast to coast. 
The Ston Wall, or the Great Croatian Wall as it is also called, was built in the 15th century, connecting the two cities. total length the wall is 5.5 km long, it was built to protect the city of Dubrovnik. Throughout the construction, 40 towers and 5 fortresses were also built. This is the second largest wall in Europe. 
Ancient Babylon is located in Mesopotamia, about 85 km south of Baghdad. Once it was completely surrounded by these walls. Their origin goes back to 575 BC and the Ishtar Gate is considered one of the wonders of the world. ancient world because of its magnificence. The Babylonian Walls are considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. 
Great Zimbabwe - the ruins of the old city in Zimbabwe. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe during the Late Iron Age. The city was surrounded by these walls. 
Sacsayhuaman is a walled complex on the northern outskirts of the city of Cusco, Peru, the former capital of the Inca Empire. Like many other Inca structures, the complex is made of large polished stone blocks, with boulders carefully fitted together without any cementing mortar. The place is at an altitude of 3,701 meters, it has been added to the List world heritage UNESCO in 1983, as part of the city of Cusco. 
famous building in Beijing forbidden city and its wall with nine dragons.
Great Croatian Wall October 5th, 2016
A small town in South Dalmatia, on the Pelješac peninsula, located at the junction of the peninsula with the mainland.
It was founded in 1333. It consists of two parts - Mali-Ston and Veli-Ston. These lands belonged to the Dubrovnik Republic in the Middle Ages and were its important acquisition, since the shallow bay of the Ston Isthmus is incredibly rich in salt deposits. The extraction of high-quality salt is carried out here to this day.
The city very often suffered from earthquakes, so few architectural antiquities have survived to this day. The main attraction of small Ston is the Ston walls on the mountain. They are partially preserved and have recently been restored. The Ston Walls are the longest defensive complex in Europe, the second longest in the world, after the Great Wall of China.
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A complex of fortifications stretches between Ston and Maly Ston. Their construction began in 1334 to protect the Dubrovnik Republic, which in 1333 included the Peljesac peninsula, from invasion from the mountains, mainly in order to protect the economically important pools of Ston salt from capture.
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During the Republic of Dubrovnik, the walls were renovated and completed, and their total length was 5.5 km. The walls had 40 towers and 7 fortifications, and due to their monumentality and power, they were called "European Chinese wall". The basis of the defensive structures, built so talentedly that the city was really impregnable from the coast, were three fortresses - Veliky Kashtio in Ston, Koruna in Maliy Ston and the fortress on the Podzvizd hill. Great Kashtio was at the same time residential building, a granary and an armory. Koruna - a powerful fortress with five towers overlooking the sea, began to be built in 1347, and for centuries served as a port for the import of salt.
After the fall of the Republic of Dubrovnik, the destruction of the walls began, and the stone blocks of which they consisted were sold as building material for the construction of schools and public buildings. Today, the remains of three towers and majestic walls are visible. having arrived in Ston, in addition to visiting the walls, it is necessary to taste the famous shells - "kamenitsa" - grown here.
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Tourists especially like the night battle, when the city is shelled with lit arrows and fiery cannonballs. In that theatrical performance, the knights fight for Old city Zrinskikh. After all this, guests go to taste dishes of medieval cuisine. On an open fire, porridge is prepared from various cereals, ducks are baked, doused with honey. At the exhibition of ancient crafts, visitors can taste the popular drink "gvirts", which is made from honey, and see how household items that are sometimes forgotten today were made.
During the celebration of the Battle of St. Helena Special attention given to children. In the purpose-built Princess Palace, which spans 300 sqm, parents and children can participate in numerous games and competitions. Adults can try their hand at archery. Experienced instructors will explain to everyone all the subtleties of this skill. Also, guests will be able to walk on stilts, compete in wrestling with wooden swords, etc.
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If you climb to the very top of the restored part of the wall, which will be discussed below, you can see the lagoon. A unique place where the river slowly flows into a narrow sea bay, which is why the salinity in the latter is an order of magnitude lower than the average for the Adriatic.
They say that oysters grown in such water are incomparable.
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Gone is the Republic of Dubrovnik, and in 1808 power over Dubrovnik and Ston passes to the French. Napoleon was not very interested in salt. The reason for this was cheap salt from Malta supplied by the British.
But the French also became a thing of the past, and in 1813 the Austrians came. In the beginning, it was planned to invest in the expansion of the solana, but this was not destined to materialize, despite the fact that salt from Ston was served at the Vienna Court. Salt production during the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy averaged between 200 and 400 wagons.
During the Republic of Dubrovnik, when sea water let into the pools, a certain ritual was carried out. The procession from the church of St. Vlach went to the solana and the blessing of the whole complex was given, a mass was held in the church of Our Lady of Luzhinsky. The Prince, the workers of the solana and the inhabitants of Ston took part in the mass and in the procession. The same was repeated on August 15 on the Day of the Nativity of the Virgin. The main celebration was held on August 24 on the day of St. Barthul, who is considered the protector of miners. The church of St. Bartul and the fortress of Bartolomia are located at the very top of Mount Podzvizd above Ston on its northern side. The chronicles say that all the inhabitants of Ston and the surrounding area baked oxen and sheep that day, sang and danced the whole night.
In the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1925, one of the salt crystallization pools received an asphalt substrate. And that was all that the state did for the Ston solana.
During the reign of Tito in Stonskaya solana, which at that time was called "Solana Ivan Mordzhin Crny" in 1925 was laid Railway, along which a small locomotive transported wagons of salt from salt pans to warehouses. Thus, the laborious and difficult process of loading salt with a shovel into the trolleys under the burning sun was a little mechanized. But production continued to depend on the number of sunny days that were available for the crystallization process.
Characteristics of salt: the only salt that is not bitter and the only salt that does not require an anti-caking agent - it is always loose.
Average salt production in recent years is 1500 tons. If the year is rainy, then there is no salt collection at all. Most big harvest salt was collected in 1611 - 6011 tons, then salt was paid for in gold. The Adriatic Sea is the northernmost in the world where salt is extracted by natural means - evaporation.
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What is the future of Ston solana? Over the past 20 years, the average salt production here is about 1,500 tons. Salt consumption in Croatia ranges from 100 to 120,000 tons, which means that about 90-100,000 tons of salt are imported into the country annually. It seems that the future of the oldest solana in Europe is not so rosy. Its director and owner, Svetan Sveto Peić, says: "The future of Stonska solana is in the production of environmentally friendly salt. And for this it is necessary to lay granite tiles on crystallization pools. It is expensive, but the result is worth it. And this must be done to preserve the unique solana , whose work has not stopped for 4,000 years. No country in our environment can boast of anything similar. "
Anyone who believes that with good will and good material support from the relevant ministries in these territories it is possible to produce salt of such a quality that all of Europe will envy us will agree with these words. This is the only way to preserve the unique Ston solana, which is becoming more and more desirable object of attention of numerous tourists every day. Solana attracts many people, especially young people, who are looking forward to getting involved in the salt harvesting process themselves.
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wall of love
On October 15, 2000, the "Wall of Love" appeared on the legendary Montmartre in Paris. In such an unusual way, Parisians celebrated the beginning of the 21st century. At 40 square meters The square walls are inscribed with the words "I love you" in 311 languages, including sign language and Braille. Every year on Valentine's Day, a symbolic act is performed here - the release of white doves.
Babylonian walls. Iraq
Ancient Babylon is located in Mesopotamia, about 85 km south of Baghdad. Once it was completely surrounded by these walls. Their origin goes back to 575 BC, and the Ishtar Gate is considered one of the world wonders of the ancient world because of its magnificence. The Babylonian Walls are considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Kremlin wall
The brick wall surrounding the Moscow Kremlin was erected on the site of the white stone wall of Dmitry Donskoy in 1485-1516. The total length of the structure is 2235 m, the height is from 5 to 19 m, the thickness is from 3.5 to 6.5 m. In the northeastern part of the structure there is a necropolis in which the leaders of the communist movement and the Soviet state are buried.
Wall of death in Auschwitz
Execution wall between blocks No. 10 and No. 11 of the largest fascist concentration camp Auschwitz. At this place, the Nazis carried out mass executions of objectionable political prisoners, as well as prisoners prone to disobedience and escape.
Wall of Viktor Tsoi
The wall of house number 37 on the Arbat. It appeared in 1990, when, after the news of the death of the singer, someone left an inscription on it: "Viktor Tsoi died today." In response, someone attributed: "Tsoi is alive." Subsequently, many other inscriptions appeared with quotes from songs and declarations of love for the musician.
the great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China is said to be the only man-made structure visible from space to the naked eye. And although in fact it is not visible from space, it is difficult to deny its greatness. The wall was built in the 14th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire from the attack of nomadic tribes. This amazing wall stretches for 8850 kilometers.
Located in Jerusalem, the Western Wall, also known as the Wailing Wall, is a well-known Jewish religious site. The wall dates from the end of the Second Temple period, having been built around 19 BC by Herod the Great. The wall was the western wall of the temple, hence the name. In Judaism, the Western Wall is revered as the only remnant of the Holy Temple, making it the holiest site for the Jewish people. 
This wall was built much later than the previous ones, but is no less famous. Construction began in 1961, at the height of the Cold War. The wall was built by East Germany in the middle of Berlin to stop East Berliners from fleeing to the west. The wall finally ceased to fulfill its purpose with the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989. The remains of this historic structure can still be found to this day, and is one of Berlin's biggest tourist attractions.
One of the oldest walls still standing today, the Troy Wall was built in the 13th century BC to protect the legendary city of Troy. This wall resisted the famous 10-year siege of Troy. 
The longest wall in Europe, Hadrian's Wall was built by the Romans to protect their colony of Britain from tribes in Scotland. The wall stretches for 117 km from coast to coast. 
The Ston Wall, or the Great Croatian Wall as it is also called, was built in the 15th century, connecting the two cities. The total length of the wall is 5.5 km, it was built to protect the city of Dubrovnik. Throughout the construction, 40 towers and 5 fortresses were also built. This is the second largest wall in Europe. 
Great Zimbabwe - the ruins of the old city in Zimbabwe. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe during the Late Iron Age. The city was surrounded by these walls.
Sacsayhuaman is a walled complex on the northern outskirts of Cusco, Peru, the former capital of the Inca Empire. Like many other Inca structures, the complex is made of large polished stone blocks, with boulders carefully fitted together without any cementing mortar. The site is at an altitude of 3,701 meters and was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1983 as part of the city of Cusco. 
The famous building of Beijing is the Forbidden City and its wall with nine dragons.
The Forbidden City in Beijing is the world's largest palace complex, with an area of 720,000 sq.m. In plan, it is a slightly elongated square (the length of the northern and southern walls is 753 meters, the western and eastern walls are 961 meters), almost correctly oriented to the cardinal points.
It is surrounded on all sides by a moat with water over which impregnable walls 10.5 m high rise.
Few people in the world have not heard of the legendary Great Wall of China. The world's longest man-made structure has served as a symbol of China for many years, but it also has its own secrets. Today you will learn 25 amazing facts about the Great Wall of China, which will be new to you.
25. Almost everyone believes that the length of the wall is 6276.442 kilometers, but in fact its real length is 8851.392 kilometers. The first value is the actual length of the wall itself, but in fact, natural barriers should also be taken into account, which were conceived as component walls.
24. It took more than two millennia to build the wall. The first segments of the wall were laid as early as the 8th century BC.
23. Over the years, the wall has changed names. Originally called the "Barrier", "Rampant" or "Fortress", it later acquired more poetic names such as "Purple Border" and "Dragon Land". Only at the end of the 19th century did it receive the name that we know to this day.
22. And although the wall is more than two thousand years old, most of the time it was unknown to the inhabitants of other countries. The first Europeans who happened to set foot on the Great Wall of China were the Portuguese, among whom was the famous discoverer Bento De Gois.
21. Legends telling what part building materials was made of human bones - lie. In fact, all the objects available at that time, such as clods of earth, stones, wood, bricks, clay tiles and lime, served as materials for the construction of the wall.
20. While some parts of the wall are carefully looked after and repaired, the rest of it is in disrepair. The fact is that in the 1970s the wall was seen as a symbol of despotism, and people were encouraged to use parts of the wall as building materials for their homes.
19. The construction of the wall was officially completed in 1644, when the last ruler of the Ming Dynasty was overthrown. Since then, no further construction works except those necessary to maintain the integrity of the wall.
18. At its widest point, the wall reaches 9 meters wide, and its maximum height here is 3.66 meters. The highest point of the wall is 7.92 meters above the ground.
17. At the moment it is difficult to determine how many people were actually involved in the construction of the wall, but according to some studies, this number could exceed 800,000 people.
16. There is a popular myth that the Great Wall of China is visible from the moon. But in fact it is not, the Great Wall of China from the moon looks just like a human hair from a distance of 2 miles.
15. In fact, the wall cannot be seen with the naked eye even from the lowest Earth orbit, which lies only 150 kilometers above the Earth's surface. And although some astronauts claimed to have seen it from space, in fact it turned out that they confused the wall with rivers.
14. Protection from invasions from the north was not the only reason for the construction of the wall. It has also been used to facilitate border controls, levy duties on imported goods, and regulate trade and immigration.
13. According to legend, a huge dragon pointed out the place and direction of the construction of the wall to the workers. He walked along the borders of the country, and the workers erected a wall in the place of his footprints. Some argue that even the very shape that the wall formed bears some resemblance to a soaring dragon.
12. The Great Wall of China was visited by a huge number famous people and politicians, among whom were American presidents: George W. Bush, Ronald Reagan, Richard Nixon and Barack Obama.
11. The wall served as a venue for some sports. In 1987, British long-distance runner, William Lindsey, ran solo over 2,400 kilometers on the wall.
10. We all know the construction wheelbarrow was invented by the Chinese during the construction of the Great Wall of China.
9. For many centuries, thousands of battles and battles were fought on the wall. The last battle took place in 1938 during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
8. Built at regular intervals along the wall, fortified watchtowers served as signal stations, transmitting messages over long distances with the help of smoke, flags and beacons.
7. The highest point of the wall relief is located on Mount Heita, not far from Beijing, and reaches a height of more than 5000 meters above sea level.
6. The wall is also known as "the longest cemetery in the world" because hundreds of thousands of workers died during its construction. Many of them were buried in the foundations of the wall.
5. In 1987, UNESCO listed the wall as one of the world's greatest national and historic sites.
4. Some tour operators organize night tours. At night, the wall is illuminated by a line of lights, which creates an unprecedented atmosphere of magic and antiquity.
3. Due to its huge size, the wall is quite difficult to take care of. Two organizations are currently involved in this: the Great Wall Society of China and International Friends of the Great Wall.
2. As an important part of Chinese culture, the wall has been surrounded by legends and mysteries. The most famous legend is that of Meng Jiang Nu, a farmer's wife who was forced to work on the wall during the Qin Dynasty. When the sad news reached the woman that during the work her husband died and was buried in the wall, she wept so bitterly that the part of the wall where the remains of her husband were hidden collapsed from her crying, giving her the opportunity to bury him normally. In memory of this story, a monument was erected on the wall.
1. The Great Wall of China is the most popular and visited tourist attraction in the country. Tens of millions of tourists flock here every year. On October 1st, a record attendance was set when over 8 million people visited the wall during the National Chinese Holiday.
The most recognizable symbol of China, as well as its long and colorful history, has become the great Wall of China. This monumental structure consists of numerous walls and fortifications, many of which run parallel to each other. It was originally conceived to protect against nomadic raids by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (circa 259-210 BC). Great Wall of China (China) became one of the most grandiose construction projects in the history of mankind.
Here are the most interesting facts about the Great Wall of China:
The VKS is the longest wall in the world and the largest building of antiquity.
Stunning scenery, from the beaches of Qinhuangdao to the rocky mountains around Beijing.
Composed the great Wall of China from many sections-plots:
And here is an interesting fact. Why are the loopholes of the Great Wall of China looking towards China? In fact, the photo shows that they look in both directions at once - that is, they were made with the expectation that you could defend yourself from both sides.
Significance: The longest fortification ever built by man.
The purpose of the construction: the protection of the Chinese empire from the Mongol and Manchu invaders.
Significance for tourism: the largest and at the same time the most popular attraction in China.
Provinces in which the Great Wall of China passes: Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu.
Start and End: From Shanhaiguan Pass (39.96N, 119.80E) to Jiayu Belt (39.85N, 97.54E). Distance directly - 1900 km.
Nearest section to Beijing: Juyongguan (55 km)
Most visited site: Badaling (63 million visitors in 2001)
Terrain: mostly mountains and hills. Great Wall of China, China extends from the Bohai coast, in Qinhuangdao, around the northern part of the Chinese Plain, through the Loess Plateau. Then it goes along the desert province of Gansu, between the Tibetan plateau and the loess hills of Inner Mongolia.
Altitude above sea level: from sea level to more than 500 meters.
The most suitable time of year to visit the Great Wall of China: the sites near Beijing are best visited in spring or autumn. Jiayuguan - from May to October. Shanhaiguan pass - in summer and early autumn.
The Great Wall of China is the largest cemetery. More than a million people lost their lives during its construction.
