Residents of high-rise buildings who decided to move to private sector, they expect that closeness to nature and the desire for solitude will immediately appear in all their glory. There will be no dull urban landscapes in the window, there will be no noise of a big city coming from the windows, there will be no smells that inevitably appear from transport and the fruits of the life activity of many people living compactly. You will be able to breathe clean natural air and enjoy life. But imagine the surprise of new households when the windows in their country home fog up, the air turns out to be very humid, which is very difficult to breathe, and at the same time it can carry with it the “aromas” of the basement. AND beautiful landscapes in this case, they will not be so pleasing to the eye. And this phenomenon is far from uncommon. The diagnosis here is clear - problems with ventilation.
What would any normal person do if he finds himself in similar situation? Naturally, he will try to contact specialized organizations that professionally deal with ventilation. And the likelihood that the problem will be solved is very high, since there are now enough specialists, and there are no problems with the equipment either. But we encourage you to first study this issue a little on your own, and then decide whether to apply or not. Is it possible that the problem is trivial and can be resolved on its own? In our article: “Ventilation in a private house: diagram and installation,” we will try to tell you everything we know about these issues. And we are going to do it in a way that is understandable to everyone, and not just to those who are not familiar with engineering.
Big Vacation home- the dream of many families. But in order for the building to be comfortable for living, it is necessary to provide for the presence of all necessary communications in it at the design stage. One of them is ventilation.
An established air exchange system in the house will provide:
For normal life, a person needs pure oxygen. Therefore, its influx should be ensured in living rooms ah, such as the bedroom, living room, children's room. Service areas in the house (bathroom, etc.) also need constant circulation. It is often observed here high humidity, accumulation of odors that need to be removed outside. Ventilation of these premises will reduce the formation of dust, dirt, excessive stuffiness, condensation, the spread of harmful microorganisms, and mold.
There are two main types of air exchange arrangement in residential buildings:
Natural air exchange in residential buildings is carried out based on the difference in pressure inside and outside the house, as well as the effect of wind on the building. How it works?
The temperature inside the house is higher than outside, so the oxygen there has a lighter structure. Thanks to this, he climbs the shafts and goes out into the street. A vacuum arises in the room, which draws fresh air from the street through the openings in the building envelope. The incoming masses have a heavy structure, so they are located at the bottom of the premises. Under their influence the light warm air pushed out of the rooms.
The wind accelerates the circulation of air masses. As the difference in temperature inside and outside the cottage and wind speed increases, the supply of freshness to the house increases. Previously, the places where it entered were leaks in windows, doors, and porous walls. But modern systems insulation, as well as plastic windows are designed, so there are no gaps in them for air supply. In this case, the inflow is carried out through special valves mounted in the windows or walls of the building.
Waste oxygen enters the openings of the vertical ventilation ducts of the house, located in the kitchen and bathroom, and is discharged outside through them. Replenishment of fresh water occurs through ventilation (opening windows, doors, transoms).
Natural air exchange in the house has the following advantages:
The main disadvantage of natural ventilation is poor air exchange, which leads to the formation of condensation, accumulation unpleasant odors, the occurrence of mold and mildew. This threatens not only the gradual destruction of the house, but also the health of the people living in it.
The natural ventilation system does not allow you to regulate the volume of air removed and supplied to the premises. The recycled stream either does not have time to be discharged outside, or is removed too quickly, causing heat loss in the house. IN summer time, when the temperature inside and outside the house is almost the same, the draft disappears and the air movement in the system stops. Therefore, natural circulation in modern construction houses are practically not used. It is used in combination with a mechanical system.
It's artificial organized system, the movement of oxygen in which is carried out by attracting injection devices (fans, pumps, compressors). It is used in private buildings where natural ventilation is not provided or does not work. Advantages of mechanical organization:
Disadvantages of the forced scheme for mansions:
Mechanical air exchange in a private house can be arranged in several ways. There are different types of ventilation:
This system is designed to replace exhaust air in the house with fresh air. It consists of:
Through air valve fresh air enters the system, undergoes certain processing, is filtered, and with the help of a fan is distributed throughout the rooms in the house. Getting into the rooms, it displaces the waste stream. The supplied air can be additionally cooled or heated.
Supply ventilation systems are:
According to the device method, they are distinguished:
Supply installation schemes have the following advantages:
The disadvantages of this type of ventilation can be identified:
When installing this system, clean air enters the rooms through windows, doors, special valves, and exhaust air is removed using exhaust fans. These devices are installed in the most problematic areas of the house (kitchen, bathroom); they come in wall and duct types.
Pros of this installation:
Among the disadvantages of the system:
How to make ventilation in a private house with metal-plastic windows, decorated with modern thermal insulation materials? To do this, you need a high-quality system that allows you to supply fresh air and remove exhaust air automatically. Air handling units will solve this problem.
They provide for the organization of two parallel flows:
These installations allow you to regulate the volume of output and supply flows, allowing you to maintain an optimal level of humidity in the premises of the house. Main elements of the supply and exhaust system:
Improved model supply and exhaust ventilation is a recovery type system. It ensures efficient circulation in the house without loss of heat. This ventilation system is equipped with a recuperator, which allows reducing the cost of heating air coming from the street. The influent masses are heated by the heat of recycled streams removed from the house. This is the most effective and energy-efficient way to organize air exchange in residential buildings, although it is the most expensive.
The presence of gas appliances in the house places increased demands on the arrangement of circulation in the premises. Impaired traction can cause poisoning from combustion products.
For normal operation gas installations oxygen is needed. If there is not enough of it, the air in the room is discharged. As a result, reverse draft occurs, and instead of the chimney, combustion products enter the surrounding space. They can cause malaise, severe headaches, loss of consciousness in a person, and even complete respiratory arrest.
Air exchange in a room with a heating device operating at natural gas, must be organized according to the following technical requirements:
Ventilation of the boiler room is constructed on the basis of the following calculation: air outflow = air exchange x 3.
Air supply = outflow + volume of oxygen required for the combustion process.
Air exchange in the room where it is located gas equipment, can be organized using:
Advice: to improve the natural ventilation of a gas boiler room, it is better to additionally install an exhaust fan, which will ensure the movement of air masses in the absence of draft.
Heating devices closed type, operating on natural gas, are equipped with a coaxial (double) ventilation duct. According to him inner tube combustion products are removed, and fresh air is supplied to the burner through the external one.
If the house has a gas boiler with a combustion chamber open type, follows:
Note: oxygen can enter the room from the street through cracks and gaps in windows and doors. If the room is sealed hermetically, you will need to organize a forced air supply.
Organization of oxygen exchange will provide favorable microclimate in the house, the health of its inhabitants and the safety of the structure itself. How to arrange it correctly?
To create a cottage in residential and office premises optimal conditions for human life, it is necessary that 60 m 3 of oxygen (minimum 20 m 3) enter each of them in 1 hour. Comfortable air humidity is 50%, and its exchange rate is 0.5 m/s.
This can be achieved through proper system design. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the air exchange rate for the premises for various purposes. For a bathroom this figure is 50 m3, a common bathroom - 25 m3, a kitchen - 90 m3. Not only service rooms, but also living rooms should be ventilated. utility rooms. To form a calculated hood, it is necessary to sum up the air exchange rates of each compartment of the house. In this case, it is desirable that actual ventilation exceeds the minimum standards.
Development of a home ventilation project includes:
The purpose of this work is to develop a system that will cope with the supply and exhaust of air, within the estimated volume calculated for the house. The design must not only ensure uninterrupted ventilation of the premises, but also free access to all structural elements (assemblies, chambers). This is necessary for quick troubleshooting and regular maintenance.
For circulation to work well, it is important to carefully select all equipment. It should last as long as possible. The devices used should not spoil the architecture of the house, so it is better to install them in a hidden way.
When designing cottage ventilation, it is important that the system complies with sanitary and epidemiological standards. It must not only cope with the supply/removal of air masses, but also operate as silently as possible. Don't forget about the efficiency of the system. But the desire to reduce installation costs should not affect the quality of the installation. The main design task is to develop optimal option ventilation of the house, taking into account all the above criteria.
The preparation of a project by a contractor begins with the formation of technical specifications. It contains all the criteria by which the ventilation system should be laid, as well as the customer’s wishes.
The operation of the system depends on whether the volume of air supplied and exhausted corresponds to the conditions of the house. This can be calculated using special formulas. The basis is the house plan, which indicates the purpose and area of each room.
First, the air exchange rate is calculated - an indicator that determines how many times in 1 hour the air in the room is completely changed. For most residential premises it can be single, for kitchens, bathrooms, boiler rooms - 2-3 times. It is also necessary to take into account the people living in the house.
The air exchange rate is calculated using the formula: L(performance air handling unit, m3/h) = n(multiplicity rate for a specific room) *V(room volume).
Calculation of air exchange, taking into account the number of people living in the house, is carried out according to the formula: L = N(number of residents) * L(air intended for one person is the norm). By doing physical activity one individual needs air renewal - 30 m 3 / h, in a calm state - 20 m 3 / h.
Please note: having calculated the air exchange rate by the frequency and the number of residents, they are guided by the larger of these values.
Criteria by which the main system settings are selected:
The speed of movement along the highways directly depends on their cross-section, as well as the power of the fan. But you should also take into account that the air ducts provide a certain resistance, which reduces the performance of the air handling unit.
Note: performance ventilation system cottage should be within 1000-3000 m 3 / h.
At the stage of developing a feasibility study, the type, quantity and power of system elements are determined, its preliminary cost is compiled, and optimization adjustments are made. After this, a working design is drawn up, based on high-precision calculations of air exchange and heat release of a particular house. The devices and air distributors in it are selected according to.
The air distribution network consists of pipes, fittings (rotating elements, splitters, adapters), distribution devices (diffusers, grilles). Based on this, you can determine:
According to the interstate standard (GOST 21.602-2003), the diagram must show all elements of the ventilation system. They are designated by certain symbols and signed.
To make it comfortable and safe for a person, it is necessary to organize its ventilation. This will not only provide a favorable microclimate, but will also extend the operational life of the structure itself. There are several types of indoor air exchange arrangements. The choice of a specific system depends on the area design features home, number of people living in it, budget. For it to work effectively, it is better to entrust its planning and installation to professionals with experience in this field.
is a system in which there is no forced driving force: a fan or other unit, and the flow of air occurs under the influence of pressure differences. The main components of the system are vertical channels starting in the ventilated room and ending at least 1 m above the roof level. The calculation of their number, as well as the determination of their location, is carried out at the design stage of the structure.
The temperature difference at the lower and upper points of the duct causes the air (it is warmer in the house than outside) to rise upward. The main indicators that affect the traction force are: the height and cross-section of the channel. In addition to them, the efficiency of the natural ventilation system is affected by the thermal insulation of the shaft, turns, obstacles, narrowing in the passages, as well as wind, and it can either contribute to the draft or reduce it.
Such a system has a fairly simple arrangement and does not require significant costs both during installation and during operation. It does not include mechanisms with electric drives, it operates silently. But natural ventilation also has disadvantages:
The optimal location for the channels is a niche in the wall of the building. When laying, remember that the best traction will be with a flat and smooth surface of the air ducts. To service the system, that is, cleaning, you need to design a built-in hatch with a door. To prevent debris and various sediments from ending up inside the mines, a deflector is installed above them.
According to building codes, the minimum system performance must be based on the following calculation: in those rooms where people are constantly present, the air must be completely renewed every hour. As for other premises, the following should be removed:
When designing a ventilation system for cottages, the most optimal model is one that involves laying a common exhaust pipe through all rooms. But if this is not possible, then the ventilation ducts are laid from:
Table 1. Ventilation air exchange rate.
When calculating the number of channels, it is necessary to take into account how the floor on the first floor is equipped. If it is wooden and mounted on joists, then a separate passage is provided for air ventilation in the voids under such a floor.
In addition to determining the number of air ducts, the calculation of the ventilation system includes determining the optimal cross-section of the ducts.
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When laying air ducts, both rectangular blocks and pipes can be used. In the first case, the minimum side size is 10 cm. In the second, the smallest cross-sectional area of the air duct is 0.016 m², which corresponds to a pipe diameter of 150 mm. A channel with such parameters can pass a volume of air equal to 30 m³/hour, provided that the pipe height is more than 3 m (with a lower value, natural ventilation is not provided).
Table 2. Ventilation channel performance.
If it is necessary to increase the performance of the air duct, then either the cross-sectional area of the pipe expands or the length of the channel increases. The length, as a rule, is determined by local conditions - the number and height of floors, the presence of an attic. In order for the traction force in each of the air ducts to be equal, the length of the channels on the floor must be the same.
To determine what size ventilation ducts need to be laid, it is necessary to calculate the amount of air that needs to be removed. It is assumed that outside air enters the premises, then it is distributed into rooms with exhaust shafts and is exhausted through them.
The calculation is made floor by floor:
Proper ventilation in a private home is necessary to ensure a constant flow of fresh air at any time of the year. After reading our article, you will learn what types of ventilation systems there are, ways to increase the level of air exchange in rooms, and also heat cold outdoor air as quickly as possible at minimal cost.
You should not think that the main purpose of the ventilation system is to provide fresh air. It must also remove waste air masses and provide an acceptable speed of air movement in the premises for humans. The lower the speed, the less residents feel the impact of cold air and, accordingly, feel more comfortable.
In most cases, home owners limit themselves only to natural ventilation, which occurs due to the free movement of air due to drafts or ventilation. In addition, the air replacement rate standards for this type of ventilation are about 1 cubic m/hour, whereas with mechanical ventilation this figure reaches 3–5 cubic meters/hour. When ventilating, a complete exchange of air occurs in 40–80 minutes, depending on the volume of the ventilated room. In addition, there are large losses of thermal energy, cooling of slopes and window blocks occurs, winter periods Condensation may appear.
In older houses with wooden windows installed, problems with ventilation were practically unheard of. The fact is that such windows had a very high level of air permeability. Even quite large private houses were fully ventilated due to numerous cracks and not tightly closed windows.
IN modern houses It is often not possible to do without forced mechanical ventilation. The problem is that as the air speed decreases, the cross-section of the ventilation duct increases. In other words, ventilation ducts in a private house with a forced air replacement system have a smaller cross-section compared to similar ducts intended for natural ventilation. By installing forced ventilation, you will provide your home with the necessary volumes of fresh air.
Regardless of the type of ventilation system used, you should first ensure that air masses have the opportunity to move freely throughout all rooms of the house. This is fully facilitated by the flow grilles mounted in the doors along the path of air movement. The flow is considered correctly organized if the most contaminated room (for example, a bathroom or kitchen with unpleasant odors) is located last in the chain.
Another Possible Solution– this is the gap between the doors and the floor. This gap should not be less than 20 mm across the entire width of the door. The installation of special doors with cross-flow grilles, as well as leaving a gap, is carried out at the stage of construction and installation work, so you need to think about proper and working ventilation literally from the very beginning of building a house.
Majority modern houses provides for the presence metal plastic windows from PVC. Such designs have numerous advantages, including beautiful appearance, ease of maintenance, high level of heat and sound insulation, tightness. However, the latter property also has a negative connotation, since natural ventilation in a private house in such conditions is reduced to almost zero.
There is no need to worry about this, since solutions have been found quite a long time ago. Among the most popular methods of creating natural ventilation when using plastic windows is the installation of supply window valves. This valve is a small pipe that you just need to install into the wall, breaking through it. On both sides, the pipe is covered with grilles necessary to regulate the level of penetration of fresh air masses from the street.
Experts advise installing these devices near windows, next to heating radiators. The optimal area for installing a supply window valve is next to the window sill directly behind the battery. Firstly, in this case the valve can be easily hidden from prying eyes with tulle. The presence of a nearby heating system allows you to instantly warm the outside air to avoid hypothermia in the premises.
Technologies for the production of modern supply valves have significantly advanced in their development. T ak, na construction market Now you can purchase models that are equipped with temperature and humidity sensors, as well as a variety of filters. Such devices should be installed in dining rooms, hallways, and bedrooms to ensure maximum movement of air masses from living rooms (the so-called “clean zones”) to household premises (bathrooms, sanitary facilities, kitchens).
Supply valves will also be extremely useful in private houses, the walls of which were insulated with vapor-proof material, for example, extruded polystyrene foam or even ordinary polystyrene foam. These insulation materials reduce the amount of fresh air, but through pipes can completely correct the situation.
In some cases, ventilation in a private home may not be sufficient through the use of window and wall valves alone. For example, if the volume of the building is very large, then it would be necessary to install valves almost next to every window. Naturally, internal and outer wall their aesthetic qualities will be seriously affected by such a large number of additional pipes. Way out - coercive system ventilation.
This system includes two main elements - a ventilation network and ventilation equipment. The latter includes:
The ventilation network consists of the following main elements:
The construction of a completely new building must include ventilation ducts in internal walls kitchens, sanitary facilities, bathrooms. It is recommended to lay these ventilation ducts from brickwork. If no channels were formed at the design stage, special attached shafts will have to be erected. So don't forget to think about the ventilation system own home even before its construction.
Exhaust fans are one of the main elements necessary for the smooth and constant extraction of unpleasant odors and waste air from premises. As with window valves, the market building materials offers a huge selection of fans that can satisfy the demands and needs of all residents.
The most popular fans are those that are installed on the wall and go directly into the ventilation duct. Another type that has recently appeared on sale is fans. hidden installation. They are usually installed in the ceiling space, but there are several important points. Firstly, you will need to install an additional air duct specifically for this fan. And secondly, such devices can only be used with suspended or suspended ceilings.
Fans installed in bathrooms and toilets very often turn on depending on the position of the light switch. For example, when the light is turned on, the device automatically begins to extract air, stopping only after it is turned off. Some models are equipped with a delay function that can be adjusted by the home owner. Such devices begin to work a minute after turning on the light, which is enough to, for example, wash your hands and avoid using the fan once again and, as a result, not overpay for the electrical energy it expended.
Special ones equipped with humidity sensors have been developed. Such a unit will operate regardless of external lighting until the normal humidity level in the bathroom is restored. If the noise of running fans bothers you, you can always purchase a more expensive but silent model. Another option is to use various rubber-metal bushings to reduce noise levels.
Appeared relatively recently new type supply and exhaust ventilation systems. It's about about installations with energy recovery functions. The popularity is explained by the huge savings associated with heating cold air. Thus, standard ventilation in the house does not provide for heating the air entering the premises, which leads to large expenditures on additional thermal energy.
If you install a system with energy recovery, you will be able to save about 50 percent of heat. Such a high indicator can be achieved by heating the cold air with warm exhaust air. supply air coming from the street.
A mandatory component of such systems is a built-in heater, since the heat of the available air is not enough to heat the entire volume of air masses entering the house. During periods severe frosts Without a heater it will be quite difficult. However, in spring or autumn it is quite possible to do without this heating device, which will save a considerable amount of money.
This system provides for supply and exhaust fans. An additional advantage is that in summer the system partially takes over the functions of an air conditioner, since it cools the incoming air. If you have air conditioning systems, the load on them will be significantly reduced. The working principle is that cold air After the air conditioner, it cools the warm street air by passing through an energy recuperator.
It is necessary to think in advance where the energy recovery units will be located. In large buildings, the air exchange process often exceeds 800 cubic meters per hour, and therefore the size of the ventilation system can be impressive. Experts recommend installing them in attic or on the ground floor. In the first case, it will be necessary to carry out insulation work in the attic, otherwise there is a risk of equipment damage and freezing of the coolant.
To provide forced ventilation Air ducts are used, the purpose of which is to distribute air masses throughout all rooms. There are several types, the main difference of which is their shape:
Thus, ventilation in a private house is a very important issue that must be addressed at the building design stage. But as a result, you will get clean and fresh air without unpleasant odors and pollution.
Air duct for gas boiler in a private house, it is often confused with a chimney. Actually it's two different systems. In the case of a chimney, perfect tightness is required - a small leak of combustion products can be fatal. It is better if a special channel is arranged for it, but in certain cases it is possible to install one ventilation shaft. At the same time, the receipt harmful substances access to the ventilation shaft from different devices should be carried out not at the same level, but from different points. In this case, one should rely on SNiP 2.04.14-88.
Ventilation duct and chimney are not the same thing
It is advisable that in a private house there be special room under a gas boiler. This room is called a boiler room. In some homes, the boiler is installed in the kitchen. In the first and second cases, it is necessary to take care of ventilation. The circulation of air flows can be carried out naturally or forcedly.
Natural ventilation is allowed if the boiler power is 30 kW. The principle of operation is based on the difference in pressure inside and outside the house. Air can enter through vents or doors. Such ventilation is usually called unorganized. In the case of natural ventilation with an organized impulse, supply and exhaust ducts with adjustable dampers are installed. For better traction, the ventilation system can be equipped with a deflector.
Important! In a room with a gas boiler, the ventilation system allows not only to provide the home with fresh air, but also helps remove excess heat from the pipes and gas boiler.
With natural ventilation in the boiler room, care must be taken to install supply and exhaust ventilation ducts. To do this, a hole with a cross-sectional diameter of 100, 150 mm is cut out in the wall, an air duct is inserted into it - part plastic pipe. All cracks are carefully blown out polyurethane foam. The ventilation pipe is equipped with a mesh or grille that does not allow pests or dust to enter the house.
A check valve will help protect the room from air return. The exhaust pipe is mounted above the boiler, since combustion products tend to rise upward. The supply air duct for a gas boiler in a private house is mounted in the lower part of the boiler room so that the supply air goes directly into the combustion chamber.
Forced ventilation is installed when it is not possible to natural ventilation. This option allows you to mechanically regulate the inflow and outflow of air. For forced ventilation, fans are used. Most often, channel devices are installed. They are selected depending on the cross-sectional diameter of the air duct.
Exhaust forced ventilation is a safer option in the boiler room
If the boiler room is equipped with a floor-standing gas boiler, mechanical devices are selected with a 30% margin of their maximum load. The performance of the equipment depends on the length of the ventilation ducts and their bends, as well as the cross-sectional diameter of the pipes. To do this more accurately, you must at least use the formula for calculating air exchange:
L – maximum equipment productivity expressed in m3/1 hour
V – volume of the ventilated room. It can be found by multiplying the area by the height (V = S x h).
K is a value that indicates the air exchange rate individually for each room. Knowing all these indicators, you can easily select a fan with required power. There is also a simpler option for performing calculations - on our website.
The supply air can be heated or cooled if desired. There are options for equipping boiler rooms with an air conditioning system. It is better to install fans in metal casings in air ducts.
The forced ventilation system can be equipped with automation. For example, when the boiler is turned on, the fans will turn on simultaneously. It is important to remember that according to SNiP standards, complete renewal of air in the boiler room must be carried out 3 times in 1 hour. Based on these requirements, you need to take care of how to make a ventilation duct in a private house for a gas boiler correctly.
Important! A reasonable option would be to combine natural and supply ventilation. In the event of a power outage, air circulation can occur naturally.
To do this, you need to know the volume of the boiler room, the dependence of the ceiling height on the coefficient of increase in the air exchange rate. The supply air speed must be at least 1 m/s. Knowing these characteristics, we can calculate required dimensions air duct, select the cross-sectional diameter of the ventilation duct for the removal and inflow of air flow.
| Diameter, mm | Air flow in m3/hour at speed in m/s | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 m/s | 2 m/s | 3 m/s | 4 m/s | 5 m/s | 6 m/s | 7 m/s | 8 m/s | |
| 100 | 28.3 | 56.5 | 84.8 | 113 | 141 | 170 | 198 | 226 |
| 125 | 44.2 | 88.3 | 132 | 177 | 221 | 265 | 309 | 353 |
| 140 | 55.4 | 111 | 166 | 222 | 277 | 332 | 388 | 443 |
| 160 | 72.3 | 145 | 217 | 289 | 362 | 434 | 506 | 579 |
| 180 | 91.6 | 183 | 275 | 366 | 458 | 549 | 641 | 732 |
| 200 | 113 | 226 | 339 | 452 | 565 | 678 | 791 | 904 |
| 225 | 143 | 286 | 429 | 572 | 715 | 858 | 1001 | 1145 |
| 250 | 177 | 353 | 530 | 707 | 883 | 1060 | 1236 | 1413 |
| 280 | 222 | 443 | 665 | 886 | 1108 | 1329 | 1551 | 1772 |
| 315 | 280 | 561 | 841 | 1122 | 1402 | 1682 | 1963 | 2243 |
| 355 | 356 | 712 | 1068 | 1425 | 1781 | 2137 | 2493 | 2849 |
| 400 | 452 | 904 | 1356 | 1809 | 2261 | 2713 | 3165 | 3617 |
| 450 | 572 | 1145 | 1717 | 2289 | 2861 | 3434 | 4006 | 4578 |
| 500 | 707 | 1413 | 2120 | 2826 | 3533 | 4239 | 5946 | 5652 |
It is necessary to determine not only the cross-sectional diameter, but also the material from which the ventilation pipe consists. Air ducts are:
For boiler room ventilation, it is better to use metal ventilation ducts. They meet all fire safety requirements. Such pipes are made of aluminum, steel or galvanized. The main requirement for such ventilation ducts is resistance to corrosion.
Air ducts made of metal can withstand both static and shock loads. Therefore, the risk of destruction of the ventilation structure is minimal. Some pipes are flexible, so you can bend them with your own hands at any angle. High structural strength - allows you to withstand maximum internal pressure.
The only disadvantage of metal pipes is that they cannot withstand condensation and become rusty over time. Only 2 types of metal are definitely resistant to moisture - aluminum and stainless steel. When installing such pipes, you must also take care of the fasteners. Choose ones that can withstand the load. Therefore, the installation process may be delayed. The price for such pipes is also higher than for air ducts made of other materials.
You can check the ventilation operation yourself. To do this, just bring a piece of notebook paper or a napkin to the ventilation duct. If there is traction, it means the sheet will be fixed to the grate. If this does not happen, then it is possible that errors were made in the calculations or the requirements for installing air exchange systems were not met. Although the cause may also be clogged air ducts.
If the boiler is in the kitchen with interior door without a special gap at the bottom, and ventilation ducts for air inflow and outflow are mounted in different rooms, then when behind closed doors there will be no traction. To avoid air stagnation, plastic door doors are used in practice. ventilation grates. They can be round or rectangular. Depending on the material, the purchase price may vary.
Safe work depends on ventilation heating device. Therefore, it is worth taking the design and choice of ventilation type seriously. Do correct calculations and installation. If knowledge and experience are not enough, then it is better to resort to the services of specialists. It is important that the area of the room matches the installed equipment. The floor in the boiler room must be made of non-combustible materials. It is best to use a cement screed.
