By definition, a railing is a type of staircase structure with elements of vertical and horizontal handrails that provide support and perform a protective function. For each option of stairs, landings, there are certain types supporting structures reasonably selected and calculated by engineers. Specialists, relying on other standards, are not limited to the basic list and carry out work to order. In this case, they have to coordinate the installation and measurements of all sketch elements not only with consumers, but also with the relevant GOST requirements. A small flaw in calculations and drawings can lead to serious consequences. It is important to comply with all regulations and requirements in standard sizes and design sketches.
The free side automatically means installing a fence with minimum height 36 inches. You should always be able to place your hand on one side of the ladder, not covered. Even the bars have the necessary space, a maximum of 4 inches, to avoid objects or toddlers' feet going through the hole.
Railings should prevent children from climbing. Steps should not contain too many horizontal elements. These common parts in wrought iron designs can help the child to grasp all the places. This is dangerous in corners if the corner is too sharp, the technical director points out.
Not a single staircase in the house is complete without railings. After all, they ensure the safety of people and also serve as decoration, fitting into the interior of the house structure. The safety of handrails is necessary for each staircase, consisting of several steps and having a support height of up to 0.9 m. The support pressure is calculated by specialists and can withstand pressure up to 100 -120 kg per square meter. It is enough to incorrectly calculate the standard load that the ladder can withstand and the entire structure can become a source of injury.
On the outside, the rules are similar. But, logically, a second floor balcony would have a higher perimeter, a minimum of 42 inches. Railings are required if there is no railing. The insurance company may also require adjustments to make it adequate since the owner of the property or building will be held liable in the event of an incident.
These industrial stairs are subject to the Quebec Building Code and the National Building Code. Security levels and general dimensions stairs comply with strict rules. Measures fire safety applicable to all institutions, regardless of the age of structures and installations.
An unacceptable height of the railing will lead to great discomfort in use.
Calculations in regulatory documents indicate the installation of railings in accordance with the sketch of the house structure and the width of the flight of stairs. On a flight of stairs not exceeding 125 cm in width, railings are installed on one side, but only if there is a wall or partition on the other. Staircase structures with a curved design are fenced with railings on both sides, with the exception of screw and half-screw structures.
Definition of technical terms for stairs. Ladder: A series of steps used to connect two or more horizontal planes at different levels. Height: The height between two horizontal planes. The height is always calculated taking into account the floor finish.
This bearing serves as a stop or pivot on the ladder. Or a bunker: an opening on the top floor that allows for a staircase and its users. Ceiling: The flat surface below the floor that limits the final height of a room.
Handrail or Ramp: A support that slides by hand when using a ladder. Balustrade or railing: a ramp, post and rod are used as a protective element. This installation location determines the size, level of comfort and safety of the staircase. Height specialists should advise and guide you.
The mandatory height of railings or handrails is documented and has certain characteristics.
Namely:
Railings enclosing stairs exceeding six meters in length must comply with standards and regulations and be one meter in length. In low structures, the railings are erected at least 90 cm. Some rooms are equipped with ramps, which must also be protected by railings. For some categories of users, the railings are placed at a level of 70 cm. This makes it possible to provide people with limited mobility with convenience and safety in moving along the staircase. Regulations indicate not only the height, but also the angle of inclination at which the railings are installed. The tilt range should not go beyond 20-45 degrees.
The staircases of my company's premises will need to comply with staircase and railing manufacturing standards. These measures apply to all institutions, regardless of the age of buildings and structures. Clearance: Any part of a building that permits an escape route for occupants. - Type of institution: An institution is classified according to its nature of activity. - Institution category: according to the importance of the stairs, their number and size will be differentiated. - Passage unit: The width of the staircase is determined according to the passage units from 600 to 900 mm.
Exploitation stair railings children and people with disabilities sets additional standards in requirements. Public buildings and structures must be equipped with additional handrails (railings) 50 cm high.
“The dimensions of the escape ladder will follow the advice of the site safety committees of these four concepts and the analysis of our height specialists.”
The dimensions of mezzanine fencing according to the standards are as follows. The dimensions of the staircase grid according to the standards are as follows. The dimensions of the guards on the machine are as follows. The dimensions of fencing for access to buildings in technical areas not accessible to the public are as follows.
Regulated requirements for school and preschool institutions the clearance between the racks, the distance of which is no more than one meter. The use of horizontal fasteners and crossbars is prohibited. The permissible height of the fences is 1.2 m. In specialized buildings, institutions and other institutions for children with mental disabilities, the height of the railings is 1.8 m. Entrances and exits for disabled people must be provided with ramps or other devices. The width of the ramp is 1 m. External entrance staircases to buildings are protected by railings, the height of which should not exceed 0.7 m. The surface of the railing must be continuous and smooth, and for people with vision problems, tactile stripes and bright colors are provided.
Share or print this page. Handrails, very useful on stairs as well as in long hallways, prevent falls by providing additional support to people. It is advisable and beneficial to use handrails on stairs if a fall of one meter or more is possible. There is no minimum length for a corridor for which it is advisable to install a handrail. This relates to the preference of the resident or the public of visitors and depending on the difficulties they may encounter.
If you decide to install a handrail on each side of the stairs, consider leaving at least one meter between the two ramps to allow passage in both directions.
The most interesting fact counts standard height railing The height of the railings is located at 90 cm. This figure is not accidental and is an indicator of the standard, since the tangential height of a person is taken into account based on average statistical data. All safety and ergonomic requirements are formed from this. The optimal value is selected and taken as the standard. Other growth values are also taken into account, for example children, etc. Therefore, it is proposed to install additional handrails with a recommended height of 50-70cm.
Conversely, for interior handrails it is better to privilege direct continuity of more than thirty centimeters. It's also important to check the material of your handrails to limit temperature effects or slippery rendering. Finally, we recommend that you keep the continuous handrail level with the bearings to make it easier for people with low vision to guide.
To install your own handrails, you will need equipment. Railing screws and dowels drill meter screwdriver wooden pencil large ruler. Start by drawing a 90cm high cross to match your staircase. Draw a line connecting all of her crosses to benefit from a nice and visible landmark.
Height of handrails on stairs and landing subject to serious regulation and control of the height of the fence. First of all, this is all related to fall protection and compliance with safety precautions. Despite different design and huge decoration options must be followed mandatory requirements regarding their height.
Attach the brackets directly to the handrail. With a second person, place the handrail on the line and mark the locations of the various supports. Once the locations are marked, place your ankles and screws in the locations you pre-drilled. Always start with the top and bottom brackets before attacking the middle ones.
So you have the handrail installed according to your location, the job is finished. All you have to do is store your equipment and enjoy your new ramp. Staircases of all types have been used since time immemorial, and since these structures are dangerous in themselves, they have caused injury and even death to a large number of people.
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Well-designed railings that meet standards ensure comfortable and safe movement both up and down stairs.
Fences and railings- This is an element of every staircase structure. Their presence is considered mandatory for spiral staircases and straight spans with more than three steps. They should also be installed on open areas. The main task of fencing is security movement along steps and platforms. They block the open span, serve as support and provide a feeling of comfort when moving. In addition, such framing gives a finished look and creates special decorative forms, which is also important.
The vast majority of falls on stairs involve a loss of balance, just like falling in level. Users' neglect to hold handrails is important factor, which contributes to falling on stairs. Because falls on stairs can cause serious injury or even death, the requirements for building code very rigid for stairs and ramps. The right design to maintain or restore balance can significantly reduce the risk of tripping, but even exceptional design cannot completely eliminate the risk of falling.
The height of the fence and stair railing may not match. It all depends on the features of the design itself. The rules, for the most part, are dictated not by the design concept and the interior, but by regulations- GOST and SNiP.
To better understand their meaning, you need to understand the design features of fences. Their main elements are:
Support stand;
Baluster;
Railing;
Internal filling.
Additionally, balusters can be installed - strips for attaching intermediate supports. Wall handrails consist of a support strip, a crossbar or handrail and a fastening.
The same applies to access ramps. The fact is that several incidents stem from lack of attention, careless behavior and inappropriate wearing of shoes. The best way Minimize the risk of falling on stairs - promote well-designed stairs while raising awareness of potential risks.
When installing fences, it is important to take into account not only the parameters of the structure itself, but also the characteristics of the materials used. First of all, this concerns SNiP fire safety requirements. Guardrails must not be flammable. For this purpose, fire-resistant materials and auxiliary impregnations are used. Special attention should be given to internal filling.
The more the ladder is inclined, the more effort it takes to install it. Rubber, metal or non-slip paint can be used as coatings for this purpose. Regular Maintenance stairs, keeping them clean and in good condition can reduce the risk of disconnection.
Efforts to design attractive stairs, including handrails, should not compromise the functionality of the stairs. The main function of a handrail is to serve the user to ascend or descend stairs. The user must be able to hold the handrail.
Railings for stairs can be made from the following materials:
Tree;
Metal;
Plastic;
Combined (including with glass).
The glass must be durable, fire-resistant, without cracks or chips, and if damaged, not form sharp fragments.
For the railing you can use the same materials as for the supporting part. Wherein ideal option considered a tree. It is important that there are no chips or burrs on the surface; it must be perfectly smooth. Metal railings must not contain rust. The best option — stainless steel, in particular for auxiliary transom railings.
It's important that he can grab it quickly, easily and firmly if he starts to lose his balance. Figure 4 shows the corresponding handrails with recommended cross section and sizes. The user should be able to slide their hand along the rail without changing their grip, which should be as similar as possible to a tennis racket grip.
Be sure to maintain horizontal and vertical clearances on guardrails to avoid the risk of small children falling and to make climbing easier. These incidents are often the cause of sprains ankle joint, sprains knee joint or other serious injuries caused by a complete fall.
When designing staircase structures It is important to comply not only with aesthetic standards, but also with the standards and regulations of GOST and SNiP. These documents regulate the recommended design parameters as a whole, including fencing.
One of the most important indicators is the height. It should be sufficient to prevent a person from falling over the railing, but at the same time comfortable for their use.
The standard height of the staircase railing is 90 cm. This indicator is not accidental - it is calculated based on average statistical data on human height. This figure takes into account safety and ergonomic requirements, and is therefore considered optimal in most cases. If there are children in the house, it is necessary to additionally install a handrail taking into account their height; usually its height is 50-70 cm.
Employees are protected by health and safety regulations at work. Strict rules govern the design of stairs for public buildings. Persons with limited mobility may need to use stairs. And also people with visual impairments. Therefore, these stairs must meet standards that take all these elements into account. It is important that the staircase has all the characteristics of accessibility and minimum safety.
In addition to the height of railings and fences, SNiP and GOST establish other standards. It is also important to take them into account when designing, otherwise the staircase will not meet generally accepted standards.
Important parameters for designing stair railings:
Maximum load - 30 kg/m;
The thickness of the handrail is at least 5 cm in cross section;
The protrusion of the handrail above the step is 30 cm with a smooth rounding;
The distance from the handrail to the wall is 5-7 cm;
Minimum width ladders for installing railings on the steps - 80 cm;
The distance between supports is no more than 100-120 cm;
The distance between auxiliary balusters is not less than 10 cm and not more than 30 cm;
An additional handrail is installed when the span is more than 2.5 m wide.
All our straight stairs for the school sector are equipped. Access ramps adapted to public facilities allow people with limited mobility to access elevated buildings using wheelchairs. Access ramps ensure accessibility for everyone.
Ladder standards and positions will vary depending on the installation location and types of users. The rules for the construction of covered staircases in residential premises are determined by non-binding standards for private construction. Only individual residential units to be rented or sold must meet construction and accessibility standards.
Straight spans must be equipped with fences on both sides. This rule is not relevant if the staircase is not too wide and is adjacent to the wall on one side. In this case, only one-sided fencing is needed at the outer end. If their width allows two people to pass, a handrail is made against the wall. It is recommended to install continuous railings if possible.
The rules established by GOST and SNiP are not always followed in full. This threatens to increase the risk of injury to the structure and reduces the level of ease of use.
In some cases, deviations from established standards are permitted. This primarily concerns structures in homes where there are children, as well as people with disabilities or developmental disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Thus, it is allowed to install railings at a level that is safe and comfortable for a particular person. In this case, it is important to observe the established relationships between growth and design parameters.
Another important point- the height of the fence itself. There is no point in underestimating it in any case, but doing more is another matter. This safety requirement is relevant for homes where there are people with mental disorders. In this case, the height of the staircase barrier can reach 2 meters or higher.
As the height increases, the structure becomes safer in some respects, but less convenient.
A staircase can only be considered safe if all established standards. In private construction projects, when performing work independently, this is rarely checked, so all responsibility lies primarily with the owner of the house. Do not ignore the rules, then the structure will not only be safe, but also durable.
