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Safety requirements for locksmith tools. Safety requirements when working with impact tools Safety requirements before starting work

Labor protection requirements when working with hand tools are set out in the local labor protection instructions. The instructions were developed on the basis of the Resolution of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus dated September 30, 2016 No. 52 on the approval of the Standard Instructions for Labor Safety when performing work using plumbing and assembly tools

Chapter 1 GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1. Persons who have passed the in the prescribed manner training and instruction on labor protection issues (hereinafter referred to as employees).

2. When performing work with increased danger using tools, workers additionally undergo an internship and knowledge testing on labor protection issues in accordance with the established procedure.

3. While working with a tool, an employee may be exposed to the following harmful and (or) dangerous production factors:

increased light brightness;
reduced contrast;
lack or lack of natural light;
sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surfaces of workpieces, tools and equipment;
flying particles, fragments of metal and other materials;
increased or decreased air temperature working area, equipment surfaces, materials;
increased or decreased humidity and air mobility;
increased noise level in the workplace;
location of the workplace at a significant height relative to the surface of the earth (floor);
insufficient illumination of the work area;
emotional overload.

4. Depending on the working conditions in which the tool is used, the employee may also be exposed to other harmful and (or) dangerous production factors.

5. When working with a tool, an employee, in addition to personal protective equipment provided for by titanium industry standards for the relevant profession or position, may, if necessary, be given free of charge for protection:

eyes from exposure to dust, particulates and the like - safety glasses or face shields;
hearing organs from noise exposure - headphones or earbuds;
respiratory organs from exposure to dust, smoke, vapors and gases - respirators or gas masks;
from defeat electric shock– dielectric protection means.

6. The employee is obliged:

comply with the requirements of these Instructions;
perform only the work that is assigned to him, safe ways the implementation of which he is aware of. If necessary, contact the work manager for clarification;
not allowed on workplace unauthorized persons;
correctly use the necessary special clothing, special shoes and other personal protective equipment in accordance with the conditions and nature of the work performed, and in case of their absence or malfunction, immediately notify the work manager;
comply with the rules of conduct on the territory of the organization, in production, auxiliary and household premises, work and rest hours, labor discipline (resting and smoking is allowed only in specially equipped places for this purpose). It is not allowed to perform work while intoxicated or in a state caused by the use of narcotic drugs, psychotropic or toxic substances, as well as to drink alcohol, use narcotic drugs, psychotropic or toxic substances at the workplace or during working hours;
comply with labor protection requirements and fire safety, know fire warning signals, procedures in case of fire, locations of fire extinguishing equipment and be able to use them;
know the techniques of providing first aid to victims of accidents at work;
know the location of the first aid kit and be able to use it medicines and medical products;
notify your work manager about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, every accident that occurred at work, noticed malfunctions of equipment, tools and protective equipment or their absence and do not start work until they are eliminated, about a deterioration in your health, including number of manifestations of signs of acute disease;
know and observe the rules of personal hygiene.

7. The tool used must be in good working order, used for its intended purpose, comply with working conditions (when working: in an aggressive environment - be resistant to its effects; near flammable, explosive substances, in an atmosphere with the presence of vapors or dust of these substances - do not form sparks), requirements of technical regulatory legal acts for specific type tool.

8. The tool must be carried and transported in a safe manner.

9. To carry the tool to the place of work, you must have a special bag or box with several compartments. It is not allowed to carry the tool in clothing pockets. When carrying or transporting the tool, its sharp parts should be protected.

10. Tools issued and used in work, lamps, auxiliary equipment must be taken into account in the organization (structural division of the organization), be checked and tested within the time limits and volumes established by technical regulatory legal acts.

11. For failure to comply with the requirements of this Instruction, employees are liable in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Belarus.

Chapter 2 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

12. Before starting work using the tool, the worker must:

wear personal protective equipment appropriate for the work being performed (fasten special clothing with all buttons, tuck hair under a hat). Before using protective equipment, the employee is obliged to check their serviceability, the absence of external damage, and the timeliness of the inspection (test). It is not allowed to use protective equipment that has not passed the inspection (test) within the prescribed period;
inspect the workplace, put it in order: remove foreign objects, clear the approaches to it, clear them of debris and residues building materials, V winter time- from snow and ice, if necessary, sprinkle with sand, slag or other anti-slip materials; eliminate the presence of moisture, oil, etc. on the floor.

13. Before carrying out work, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the tools and devices prepared for work:

the handles of impact tools (hammers, sledgehammers and others) must have an oval shape in cross section and be straight, burr-free, made from dry hardwood or synthetic materials to ensure strength and durability of the attachment. It is prohibited to use handles made of soft and thick-layered wood (spruce, pine and others);

the surface of the striker of the impact tool must be convex, smooth, without burrs, cracks or hardening;

14. Files, screwdrivers and similar tools must be securely fastened in the handle. The wooden handle of the impact tool must be secured at both ends with metal banding rings to protect it from splitting. It is not allowed to work with the tool without metal bandage rings;

the middle part of the chisel should have an oval or multifaceted cross-section without sharp edges and burrs on the side faces, the striking part should have the shape of a truncated cone;
files, scrapers, screwdrivers, hacksaws must have handles at least 150 mm long;
the hacksaw blade must be well stretched and not damaged;

screwdrivers must have non-curved shafts;

wrenches must be without increased play and correspond to the sizes of bolts and nuts;

the jaws of the wrenches must have parallel jaws, the distance between which must correspond standard size, indicated on the key;
end and spanners must not move in the connected moving parts;
the vice must have a non-machined notch on its jaws, be equipped with soft metal spacers for a strong grip of the workpiece, have parallel jaws and be firmly fixed to the workbench;

15. The workbench must have a rigid and durable structure and be stable. Top part The workbench is upholstered with sheet steel without protruding edges or sharp corners. The top of the workbench is secured with countersunk screws. The width of the workbench must be at least 750 mm, height - 800-1000 mm. To protect workers from flying fragments, solid or metal mesh(cells no more than 3 mm) shields at least 1 m high, so that when cutting, metal fragments do not injure nearby workers. When working on a two-sided workbench, the shields should be placed in the middle, and when working on one side, on the side facing the workstations, passages, and windows. If possible, a grating should be placed on the floor near the workbench to prevent shoes from getting between the slats.

16. Before working near live, live or moving parts of equipment and mechanisms, it is necessary to check the presence and serviceability of fencing and other collective protective equipment.

17. Before performing work at height, it is necessary to make sure that the scaffolding (scaffolding, scaffolding, stairs, etc.) is strong and stable and meets the labor protection requirements and the nature of the work being performed.

18. Before starting work on electrical installations, maintenance and repair of the electrical parts of machines and equipment, you should make sure that:

insulating tool handles do not have cavities, chips, swelling, cracks and other defects that lead to a decrease in mechanical and electrical strength;

The connection of the insulating handles with the working part of the tool is strong, eliminating the possibility of their mutual longitudinal movement and rotation during operation.

19. Before carrying out work, it is necessary to check the illumination of the workplace and approaches to it. At insufficient lighting Portable hand lamps should be used.

20. Workers should not begin work when:

cluttering of the workplace and approaches to it;
insufficient lighting;
malfunction of tools, technological equipment, scaffolding means, protection, and other violations of labor protection requirements.

21. Detected violations of labor protection requirements must be eliminated by the employee before starting work; if this is impossible, the employee is obliged to report shortcomings in ensuring labor safety to the work manager and not begin work until they are eliminated.

Chapter 3 LABOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS WHEN PERFORMING WORK

22. While working, the employee is obliged to:

use only serviceable tools and devices, the use of which he is trained, and use them for their intended purpose, in accordance with the technological map;
maintain cleanliness in the workplace, promptly remove scattered (spilled) substances, objects, materials from the floor;
do not clutter the workplace and approaches to it;
apply safe work methods and techniques, comply with labor protection requirements.

23. When carrying out work it is necessary:

place on the workbench only those parts and tools that are necessary to complete this work;
place the tool in the workplace so that there is no possibility of it rolling or falling;
remove dust, shavings, sawdust and metal scraps with brushes, scrapers, hooks or other devices.

Not allowed:

place the tool on the railings of fences or on the unfenced edge of the platform of scaffolding, scaffolding, as well as near open hatches and wells;
blow off dust and shavings with compressed air using your mouth;
place the workpieces on your knees;
Place long parts (axles, shafts, etc.) vertically, leaning against walls or equipment.

24. When disassembling and assembling units, their parts or assemblies must be placed on a workbench or rack.

25. All workpieces should be installed and secured in a vice, jigs and other devices, which in turn must be securely fastened.

26. It is not allowed:

use a pipe to extend the lever when clamping a part in a vice;
work in a vice with a jamming worm;
use a vise with threaded threads in the bushing or worm.

27. The worker must position the chisel so that the material being cut or chopped is directed away from it.

28. Do not reduce the angle of inclination of the chisel to the plane of the vice jaws to less than 30-35°. Possible breakage of the chisel and hand injury

29. When working with chisels or wedges using sledgehammers and drifts, it is necessary to use holders with a length of at least 0.7 m (the drifts must be made of soft metal).

30. When working with impact tools (chopping, riveting and other work in which the formation of flying solid particles is possible), you should use safety glasses or a face shield, and fence the work area with portable shields and nets to prevent fragments from flying towards workplaces and passages and driveways.

31. When cutting short strips and small parts with scissors, hold them with pliers.

32. When cutting out metal patches, sharp corners, edges and burrs must be thoroughly cleaned.

33. It is not allowed when working with scissors:

use auxiliary levers to lengthen the handles;
cut material by hitting blades or handles;
keep your hand on the cutting line.

34. When cutting heavy objects hand hacksaw Stands should be used for the part to be cut.

35. It is not allowed to use a hand hacksaw without a handle and hacksaw blades, having cracks and breaks, weakly tensioned and poorly secured in the hacksaw frame.

36. In the working position, the gap between the handles used for forging and pressing When working with pliers, the thickness must be at least 35 mm. To limit the proximity of the handles, stops must be provided.

37. Wrenches should only be used to service fasteners with a size corresponding to the size of the wrench mouth. The head (shoulder) of the wrench must be free of gaps and cover the fastener to its full height. Internal working surfaces and places where replaceable elements of wrenches are attached must be cleaned of dirt.

38. Replacement elements of wrenches must be mounted and removed by hand without impacts or the use of additional devices.

39. When working with an adjustable wrench, its jaws should be pressed close to the edges of the nut or bolt and turned towards the moving part of the wrench.

40. To increase the tightening force of fasteners, you should use wrenches with a working profile that covers the fastener on all sides, repeating the profile of the part.

41. When performing work, hex keys must be inserted into the recessed hole of the fastener to the full depth of the hole. The load should be applied smoothly, without jolts or impacts, as close to the end of the long arm as possible.

42. It is not allowed when working with a key:

use additional leverage;

extend wrenches by attaching another wrench or pipe;
use shims (metal plates) between the nut (bolt head) and the wrench;

hit the key with a hammer or other objects;
Unscrew nuts and bolts using a chisel and hammer.

43. Screwdrivers should be used for fastening screws and screws with spline sizes corresponding to the dimensions of the working end of the screwdrivers (fitness screwdrivers with straight and cross-shaped working parts should be used for tightening and unscrewing screws and screws, respectively, with straight and cross-shaped slots).

44. When using plumber's screwdrivers, it is not allowed to use them as levers.

45. When drilling with a drill or a brace, the drill should be directed at an angle of 90° to the surface of the product without strong pressure, especially before the drill goes out.

46. When drilling holes using a brace and a hand drill in brick, concrete and other hard materials, avoid jamming the tool with solid inclusions of the material.

47. While working with a rotator and hand drill not allowed:

check by hand the drill exit from the bottom of the part;
hold the workpiece with your hands.

48. When performing work using a wrench, you must ensure correct selection and the strength of fixing the tool in the seating surfaces.

49. Move the knob with cutting tool follows perpendicular to the surface, smoothly, without impacts.

50. It is not allowed when working with a knob:

use a percussion instrument;
hold the workpiece with your hands.

51. When working with a clamp, you must ensure that:

the tip of the fastening screw was completely on the surface of the materials being fastened;
the compressible surfaces were parallel;
the tip of the screw rotated freely, without jamming and did not fall out of the fasteners, and the axis of the screw was perpendicular to the clamping surface of the clamp.

52. When working with a rasp, file or needle file, the workpiece should be secured in a vice.

53. When filing, the file must be mounted on the handle.

54. The file should be held by the handle with one hand, and with the fingers of the other hand, touching the upper surface at the other end, hold and direct the movement of the file.

55. It is necessary to ensure that the fingers do not fall below the filing level of the part.

56. The forces should be correctly distributed during the working stroke of the file. If the handle hits the part, the shank may jump out and cause injury.

57. It is not allowed:

tuck your fingers under the working part of the file;
use files without handles; knock out chips with blows of a file.

58. When disassembling and assembling units, assemblies in necessary cases removable devices specified in the technological map should be used.

59. When pressing out bearings and other parts, it is necessary to ensure that the hooking brackets of the removable devices completely grip the working surface, and screw pair worked without jamming with uniformly applied force.

60. When installing removable devices on parts or parts of mechanisms, the axis of the working screw must pass through their center.

61. When working with removable devices, it is necessary to ensure their cleanliness and serviceability, avoiding increased play, signs of wear and residual deformation.

62. It is not allowed to use tools and other improvised means as removable devices.

63. Devices on which springs are assembled or disassembled (with pre-compression) are equipped with a special protective casing.

64. When installing and removing retaining rings with pliers, you must ensure that the noses of the pliers are not bent and fully fit into the installation holes of the rings.

65. Installation and removal of heavy parts and assemblies must be done using lifting equipment that is in good working order and suitable for the load being lifted.

66. It is not allowed:

be in the dangerous zone of the transported cargo;
hold the moving load, slings, etc. with your hands;
overload the container above its sides;
during breaks, leave elements of assembled structures hanging.

Chapter 4 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER WORK COMPLETION

67. Upon completion of work, the employee is obliged:

disconnect the electrical equipment used, local lighting and ventilation from the power supply;
tidy up the workplace: clean materials, tools and devices from dust, dirt and put them in a designated place for storage;
collect used rags in a metal box with a tight-fitting lid;
clean overalls and other personal protective equipment and put them in specially designated storage areas;
inform the work manager about all problems that arose during work and the measures taken to eliminate them.

68. Upon completion of all work, you should wash your hands and face warm water with soap or similar detergents (it is not allowed to use substances not intended for this purpose for washing), if possible, take a shower.

Chapter 5 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES

69. In the event of an emergency, you should:

immediately turn off the source that caused the emergency;
stop all work not related to the elimination of the accident;
take first aid measures (if there are victims);
take measures to prevent the development of an emergency situation and the impact of traumatic factors on other persons;
ensure the removal of people from the danger zone if there is a danger to their health and life;
Report the incident to the work manager.

70. Work can be resumed only after the causes that led to the emergency have been eliminated.

71. In case of fire, you should call the emergency department emergency situations by calling “101”, report the incident to the work manager, and take measures to extinguish the fire using available fire extinguishing equipment. The use of water to extinguish live electrical equipment is unacceptable. Carbon dioxide and powder fire extinguishers are used for these purposes.

72. In case of an accident at work, you must:

quickly take measures to prevent exposure to traumatic factors on the victim, provide first aid to the victim, call medical workers to the scene of the incident or deliver the victim to a healthcare organization;
report the incident to the work manager;
ensure the safety of the situation at the scene of the incident before the start of the investigation, and if this is not possible (there is a threat to the life and health of others, stopping continuous production) - recording the situation by drawing up a diagram, protocol, photography or other method.

73. In all cases of injury or sudden illness, it is necessary to call medical workers to the scene of the incident, and if this is not possible, take the victim to the nearest health care organization.

74. Work performed outdoors (at height) should be suspended in case of changes that pose a threat to the life and health of workers weather conditions(thunderstorm, squally wind, snowfall, impairing visibility within the work front) and move to a safe place.

Many people confuse concepts such as “occupational health” and “safety precautions”, considering them identical. Let's try to clarify. Currently, the term “safety precautions” has been withdrawn from circulation and is practically not mentioned in new documents. He used to be integral part set of laws on labor protection, combined organizational measures designed to prevent the impact of hazardous production situations on workers.

Occupational safety is “a system of legislative acts, as well as preventive and regulating socio-economic, organizational, technical, sanitary and hygienic and treatment and preventive measures, means and methods aimed at ensuring safe conditions labor" .

Safety rules when working with tools and devices are divided into general and targeted, which are followed before the start of a shift, during the working day, at the end of it, and in emergency circumstances.

Neglect of compliance with safety requirements when working with various devices, mechanical and automatic equipment can lead to dire consequences. Minor and serious injuries, including death, can occur. The Ministry of Labor of Russia, by its order No. 552n dated August 17, 2015, approved the “Rules on labor protection when working with tools and devices,” which are subject to strict execution by employees of all enterprises, organizations, as well as entrepreneurs. This document is useful to study not only for employees of enterprises, but also for amateur craftsmen.

General rules

The main safety requirement when working with hand tools is its normal technical condition and consistency with applicable standards or technical specifications. Ensuring safety when performing actions with manual mechanisms rests with the head of the department. In addition, general safety standards provide for the mandatory execution of such requests:

For each category of tools, the following must be developed and approved by the director of the enterprise: instructions for use, instructions on labor protection when working with hand tools.
Adults who have been trained in production safety, who have passed exams, and who have successfully completed an internship may be allowed to shift.
Hand tools and devices must be subject to cyclic inspection. Once every three months they must be inspected for damage and the necessary tests performed. Faulty items should be sent for repair or disposed of and replaced with new ones.
It is necessary to exclude the negative impact of severe, harmful factors on employees.
Workers should be provided with personal protective equipment, special clothing, and footwear in accordance with current standards.
Every employee must know how to provide first aid in the event of an accident and be able to properly help the victim.

Generally accepted labor protection rules when working with tools and devices, as in other production situations, provide for compliance with internal labor regime organizations. Proper alternation of work time and breaks has a positive effect on increasing productivity, worker well-being, and promotes concentration.

What to do before your shift starts

First of all, you need to accept the task and undergo training on safe methods for performing a specific task. In addition, you need:

change into work clothes and shoes; long hair hide under a headdress;
prepare personal protective equipment prescribed by regulations;
in workshops where loads are moved by air, work only in a helmet;
check the suitability of devices and equipment and ensure their serviceability.

Hammers, hatchets, sledgehammers must be tightly placed on the handles, precisely reinforced with special wedges. The handles are made from dry, strong wood, without knots. Must be completely smooth and free of burrs.

Files and chisels must be equipped with wooden handles with protective metal rings. Shovel cuttings are also made from strong wood in a dried state. They are made round and smooth. The part of the handle that is fixed in the crown of the shovel is cut at an angle to the metal plane.

Tools intended for chopping and cutting (knives, chisels, cores, notches and others) cannot have cracks, chips, burrs, other defects on the cutting edge, or sharp ribs on the sides. The dimensions of work areas must meet standard values.

Hacksaws of any modification, removable blades should be equipped with the correct tension, sharpened with high quality, and properly set.

Before starting a shift assignment, you need to test the lighting and ventilation. So that during the work process you do not waste time on replacing light bulbs or adjusting the operation of the ventilation system.

Safety measures during the working period

IN ideal The mechanic's workplace must be equipped with racks or special cabinets for storing tools. And to move it, tool carts with boxes are used. In such conditions, objects will always be protected from dirt, excessive humidity, shocks, and falls. Occupational safety requirements when working with hand tools and devices require careful handling and proper storage. This is the only way to ensure the normal technical condition of the equipment. When organizing operations using hand tools, you must:

prevent individual objects from falling or sliding;
When cutting metal, use protective glasses and gloves;
do not overload jacks and other lifting mechanisms;
When moving equipment, protect sharp edges with any in a convenient way(covers, cases, caps);
use the tools strictly for their intended purpose;
in the immediate vicinity of live objects, use devices protected by insulation and not allowing electric current to pass through;
fix the vice on the workbench in such a way that its upper plane is located at the level of the worker’s elbow; the clamping jaws must be equipped with notches, placed strictly parallel to each other, and firmly grip the workpiece;
when working with a chisel (wedges) and a hammer, use wedge holders with a long handle (at least 70 cm);
use devices with insulating handles that do not have defects or damaged areas.

The rules for safe handling of manual mechanisms prohibit:

using improvised objects or spacers to close the gap between the flat of the wrench and the edges of the bolt or nut;
the use of additional levers to wrenches, lever scissors in order to increase the tightening force; if such a need arises, you should use keys with long handles;
work with lever scissors without securely securing them to benchtop devices or racks prepared for this purpose.

Lever shears should not have distortions on the cutting blades. It is forbidden to operate this device if its knives are dull and do not fit tightly together.

Safety requirements for plumbing tools with insulating handles prohibit holding them outside the limiting stops or shoulders during operation. Since ignoring this rule can lead to fingers sliding onto the cutting part of the instrument, which is directly associated with injury. It is prohibited to use plumbing equipment or perform actions that generate sparks near flammable and explosive substances and objects.

Require special attention electrical devices– hammer drills, drills, angles grinding machines, vibrators. During the process, the insulating coatings of current-carrying elements may be destroyed under shock or vibration influences. To ensure safe handling of power tools, reduced voltage must be used. Check devices thoroughly before use and monitor their behavior during the work shift. Electrical equipment is subject to mandatory testing every month. In this case, a stamp is applied to the body with the date of the next inspection.

The toolkit, powered by compressed air, you should check the tightness of all connections and the reliability of the clamps. Carry out repair and preventative actions with the compressor turned off.

How to behave in emergency situations

When an accident or conditions associated with it occur, it is necessary to immediately stop work and notify the department head. If an accident occurs and there is a victim, then you must:

provide the victim with first aid;
if necessary, organize its delivery to a medical facility on your own or by calling an ambulance;
take immediate measures to emergency situation did not develop further, and the possible effects of traumatic circumstances on other workers were excluded.

In order to ensure the investigation of the accident in the right direction, it is necessary to maintain the situation in the same position as it was at the time of the incident. If this cannot be done due to emergency circumstances, then you need to accurately record the situation on paper. Draw up acts, diagrams, sketches, collect written explanations from those present.

In case of smoke or fire, the following actions must be taken:

immediately call the fire department by calling 101;
notify company employees, managers, and watchmen about the fire in any way;
turn off the power supply, eliminate drafts by closing the windows;
provide access to emergency exits and open them;
use primary fire extinguishing agents to extinguish a fire, unless this poses a risk to life.

It is advisable to perform all of the above actions simultaneously. In case of great danger, you must leave the premises yourself, help other workers leave the danger zone and stay in the evacuation area. It is necessary to meet the fire service so that it can begin eliminating fires and their consequences as quickly as possible.

Necessary actions after the shift

Standards and requirements for hand tools and devices require proper handling not only during the work process, but also after it, as well as during storage. This means that after finishing a working day, it is necessary to put all the tools in proper condition: clean them of dirt, dust, and excess lubricant. Then all items need to be laid out in their positions, the doors of cabinets, drawers closed, or covered with rags if they are located on open shelves.

The employee is obliged to clean the workplace, and only then take off his overalls and shoes. Put it in order and place it in a specially designated place. Damaged or unusable mechanisms must be handed over to the manager, as well as report to him about all malfunctions, problems, and difficulties discovered during the working day.

Summarizing the above, it must be emphasized that only strict adherence to the requirements of security legislation will help eliminate bottlenecks associated with the activities of employees and reduce the level of injury and illness. On the other hand, systematic training and testing of employees' knowledge on professionalism issues and safety measures improves literacy. Helps increase productivity and improve the moral climate within the team.

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1. GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1.1. TO independent work with manual electric machines and hand-held electrified tools are allowed to workers who are at least 18 years old, have been trained in safe methods and techniques of work and have group I in electrical safety.
1.2. According to the degree of protection against electric shock, manual electric machines are divided into classes I and II and must have a special sign on the body.
1.3. The use of class I machines is permitted only with the use of at least one electrical protective equipment (insulating gloves, mat, stand or galoshes). Working with a class I machine outdoors is not allowed.
1.4. It is allowed to work with a class II machine without electrical protective equipment.
1.5. A person working with a manual electric machine may be exposed to the following harmful and dangerous factors:

electricity;
falling due to loss of stability;
noise and vibration;
insufficient illumination of the workplace.

When processing materials with abrasive and diamond tools, dangerous and harmful factors also added:

grinding wheel rupture;
separation of segments from the tool body;
increased dust content in the air of the working area;
separation of the diamond layer from metal case diamond grinding wheel.

1.6. Maintenance, repairs and inspections are carried out only by personnel with an electrical safety group of at least III. Periodic inspection of the tool is carried out at least once every 6 months.

2. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Before starting to work with manual electric machines, check:

serviceability of the machine and all its parts;
correctness and reliability of fastening of the working part;
compliance of the voltage of the electrical network to which the power tool is connected with the nameplate voltage of the electric motor;
reliability of fastening of all threaded connections;
ease and smooth movement of all running parts;
correct direction of movement of the working body;
serviceability of the cable (cord), its protective tube and plug;
clear operation of the switch;
the presence of all fencing and other parts;
idling operation.

2.2. Receive and check the serviceability of the personal protective equipment necessary for work (dielectric gloves, galoshes, mats). Make sure that the deadline for their next test has not expired. Before using dielectric gloves, check for punctures by twisting them towards the fingers.
2.3. If there is a risk of contamination or damage to the eyes, wear safety glasses.

3. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. When working with power tools and hand-held electrical machines electrical wire(cable) should be suspended whenever possible.
3.2. The material being processed must be stably and conveniently placed at the workplace, and small parts must be securely secured in clamping devices during processing.
3.3. When working with hand-held electrical machines and power tools, the following is not allowed:

turn on the machine under load on the working element;
hold on to the electrical wire of the machine, pull and twist it;
touch rotating parts;
remove shavings and sawdust by hand until the spindle stops completely;
install the working part into the machine chuck and remove it from the chuck, as well as adjust the tool without disconnecting it from the mains with a plug;
to Work with ladders(to perform work at height, strong scaffolding or scaffolding must be installed);
use your own body to apply additional pressure on the instrument;
leave the tool working without supervision, as well as connected to the electrical network;
work during rain, snowfall and thunderstorms, in open areas;
disassemble manual machines, make any repairs;
allow the machine to overheat;
transfer power tools to others.

3.4. In the event of a power failure or interruption in operation, manual electric machines must be disconnected from the electrical network.
3.5. When working with abrasive and diamond tools.
3.5.1. Before installation, the tool must be subjected to an external inspection in order to detect visible defects (cracks, gouges, etc.).
3.5.2. To identify internal defects, a circle that has been dried and cleared of packaging material is loosely placed on a metal or wooden rod and tapped on the end surface with a wooden hammer weighing 200-300 g. A whole and undamaged circle produces a clear metallic sound or “ringing.”
3.5.3. It is prohibited to install wheels that do not have test marks for mechanical strength, with an expired shelf life, making a rattling sound when tapped, as well as wheels with cracks found on them or with peeling of the diamond-bearing layer.
3.5.4. When installing circles on a spindle, spacer rings made of cardboard, rubber, leather or aluminum with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm and an outer diameter of 40-5 mm larger than the diameter of the flange should be installed between the end surfaces of the circle and flanges. The circle should sit freely on the spindle. The spindle nut must be tightened enough to hold the wheel in place without damaging the flange.
3.5.5. Before starting work, the tool must be rotated idle, at operating speed, for the following time:

circles with a diameter of up to 150 mm – 1 min;
circles with a diameter over 150 to 400 mm – 2 minutes;
circles with a diameter of over 400 mm – 5 min.

When starting the tool at idle speed, the worker should not stand in the way of possible flying off of pieces of the circle in the event of its destruction.
3.5.6. When working with abrasive and diamond tools, you must:

use safety glasses;
hold it so that the sparks fly away from you.

3.5.7. When using abrasive and diamond tools, it is prohibited:

secure the tool using wrench attachments and impact tools;
be in the plane of rotation of the tool;
work with the side (end) surfaces of the circle, if it is not specifically designed for this;
slow down the rotating circle by pressing on it with some object;
use levers to increase the pressure on the workpieces;
work without a protective cover.

4. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION

4.1. If an emergency occurs, stop work, disconnect the power tool from the power supply, notify surrounding people of the danger, report to your immediate supervisor about the incident and act in accordance with his instructions.
4.2. In the event of a fire or ignition, immediately notify the fire department by phone - 01, begin extinguishing the fire using the available primary fire extinguishing equipment, and report the fire to your immediate supervisor.
4.3. Provide first aid to victims of injury, poisoning, or sudden acute illness, following the instructions of the “Instructions for providing first (pre-medical) aid to victims of accidents” (I 001-2009), if necessary, call an ambulance medical care by phone - 03.

5. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER WORK COMPLETION

5.1. Disable hand power tool from the network.
5.2. Clean the tool from dirt, oil and dust, and wipe the rusting parts with lightly oiled rags.
5.3. Wipe disconnected electrical wires with a dry cloth.
5.4. Clear the work area of shavings, sawdust, etc.

Instruction No.___

INSTRUCTIONS
on labor protection
when working with hand tools

The instructions are compiled in accordance with " Standard instructions on labor protection when working with hand tools" TOI R-45-065-97.

1. General safety requirements

1.1. The following workers are allowed to work independently with hand tools:

at least 18 years of age;
having appropriate professional qualifications;
have undergone a preliminary (upon hiring) and periodic medical examination and have no contraindications;
have undergone on-the-job training and internship;
completed briefings: introductory, safety and on-the-job training.

1.2. Hand tools used in work must comply with the requirements of GOSTs and the instructions of the manufacturers.

1.3. When working with hand tools, workers must:

comply with internal labor regulations;
perform only the work assigned by the immediate supervisor;
know and improve safe work methods;
use hand tools for their intended purpose; any malfunction should be reported to the work manager;
know the location and be able to use primary fire extinguishing equipment;
immediately inform the work manager about any situation that threatens the life or health of workers and others, or an accident that occurred at work;
be able to provide pre-medical care to victims of accidents;
observe the rules of personal hygiene;
Before working with a hand tool, read the instructions for it;
Hand tools must be used in accordance with their intended purpose;
use special clothing and personal protective equipment for their intended purpose.

1.4. Workers must be provided with special clothing, shoes and other personal protective equipment in accordance with the “Model industry standards for the free issuance of personal protective equipment for the profession (position”), in addition to them, when working with power tools, workers may, if necessary, be issued the following personal protective equipment free of charge:

to protect the organs of vision from dust and flying particles - goggles or shields;
to protect the hearing organs from noise - anti-noise headphones or earmuffs that last until they wear out;
to protect the respiratory system from dust, smoke, vapors and gases - respirators or gas masks;
for protection against electric shock - dielectric protective equipment;
to protect hands from damage - mittens or gloves.

1.5. Workers who have received hand tools for everyday use for individual or team use are responsible for their correct operation and timely rejection.

1.6. The hand tools used must meet the following requirements:

the handles of impact tools - hammers, sledgehammers - must be made of dry wood of hard and tough species, smoothly processed and securely fastened;
the handles of hammers and sledgehammers should be straight and oval in cross section. The handles should thicken somewhat towards the free end (except for sledgehammers) so that when swinging and hitting the tools, the handle does not slip out of the hands. In sledgehammers, the handle tapers somewhat towards the free end. The axis of the handle must be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool;
To securely fasten the hammer and sledgehammer, the handle is wedged from the end with metal and jagged wedges. Wedges for strengthening the tool on the handle should be made of mild steel;
the strikers of hammers and sledgehammers must have a smooth, slightly convex surface without warps, chips, gouges, cracks and burrs.

1.7. Impact hand tools (chisels, bits, notches, cores, etc.) must have:

smooth back part without cracks, burrs, hardening and bevels;
side faces without burrs and sharp corners.

Handles mounted on the pointed tail ends of the tool must have bandage rings.

1.8. The chisel should not be shorter than 150 mm, the length of its extended part should be 60-70 mm. The tip of the chisel should be sharpened at an angle of 65-70°, the cutting edge should be a straight or slightly convex line, and the side edges where they are grasped by hand should not have sharp edges.

1.9. Wrenches must be marked and match the size of the nuts and bolt heads. The jaws of the wrenches must be parallel. The working surfaces of the wrenches should not be chipped, and the handles should not have burrs.

Extending wrenches by attaching a second wrench or pipe is prohibited.

1.10. For screwdrivers, the blade should fit into the slot of the screw head without any gap.

1.11. Tools with insulating handles (pliers, pliers, side and end cutters, etc.) must have dielectric covers or coatings without damage (delamination, swelling, cracks) and fit tightly to the handles.

1.12. The crowbars should be straight, with pointed ends drawn out.

1.13. The handles of files, scrapers, etc., mounted on pointed tail ends, are equipped with bandage (tightening) rings.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, you must receive assignments and instructions from your supervisor about safe methods performing the assigned work.

2.2. Wear the special clothing and special shoes required by the regulations. If you need to work lying down or on your knees, wear elbow pads or knee pads.

2.3. The illumination of the workplace must be sufficient.

2.4. Before you start working with a hand tool, you need to make sure it is in full working order. Check the correct attachment of the hammer, sledgehammer, ax, etc.; Is the metal splintered along the edges of a hammer, sledgehammer, ax, etc.

3. Safety requirements during operation

3.1. The position of the tool in the workplace must prevent it from rolling or falling.

3.2. When working with a chisel or other hand tool for chopping metal, you must use eye protection and cotton gloves.

3.3. When carrying or transporting a tool, its sharp parts must be covered with covers or otherwise.

3.4. When working with jacks, it is prohibited to load the jacks above their rated load capacity.

3.5. When using a tool with insulated handles, do not hold it behind stops or shoulders that prevent your fingers from slipping towards metal parts.

3.6. It is prohibited to use tools with insulating handles, in which the dielectric covers or coatings do not fit tightly to the handles, have swelling, delamination, cracks, cavities, or other damage.

3.7. Hand tools must be transported and transferred to the place of work under conditions that ensure their serviceability and suitability for work, i.e. they must be protected from contamination, moisture and mechanical damage.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If a tool malfunctions, the employee must stop working and notify the supervisor about the malfunctions that have arisen.

4.2. If an accident occurs with a workmate, the employee must be able to provide him with first (pre-medical) aid.

4.3. If you are injured, you should:

stop working;
notify the manager;
go to the first aid station.

5. Safety requirements after completion of work

5.1. When finishing work you should:

tidy up the workplace;
put the tool in the designated place;
store the tool in indoors, far away from heating batteries and protected from sun rays, moisture, aggressive substances;
take off your overalls and hang them in the designated storage area.

5.2. Report any shortcomings discovered during work to your immediate supervisor.

State Committee of the Russian Federation

on communications and information

STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS
on labor protection when working with hand tools

TOI R-45-065-97

The instruction comes into force on September 1, 1998.

1. General requirements security

1.1. Hand tools used in work must comply with the requirements of GOSTs and the instructions of the manufacturers.

1.2. Hand tools must be used in accordance with their intended purpose.

1.3. The administration of the enterprise (organization) must ensure systematic control of:

Ensuring that employees comply with safety rules when working with tools;

Over the use of special clothing, safety footwear and personal protective equipment by employees;

Ensuring that the tool meets safety requirements.

1.4. Workers who have received a hand tool for everyday use for individual or team use are responsible for its correct use and timely rejection.

1.5. The hand tools used must meet the following requirements:

The handles of impact tools - hammers, sledgehammers must be made of dry hard and tough wood, smoothly processed and securely fastened;

the handles of hammers and sledgehammers should be straight and oval in cross section. The handles should thicken somewhat towards the free end (except for sledgehammers) so that when swinging and hitting the tools, the handle does not slip out of the hands. In sledgehammers, the handle tapers somewhat towards the free end. The axis of the handle must be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool;

To securely fasten the hammer and sledgehammer, the handle is wedged from the end with metal and jagged wedges. Wedges for securing the tool to the handles should be made of mild steel;

the strikers of hammers and sledgehammers must have a smooth, slightly convex surface without warps, chips, gouges, cracks and burrs.

1.6. Impact hand tools (chisels, bits, notches, cores, etc.) must have:

Smooth back part without cracks, burrs, hardening and bevels;

The side edges are free of burrs and sharp corners.

Handles mounted on the pointed tail ends of the tool must have bandage rings.

1.7. The chisel should not be shorter than 150 mm, the length of its extended part should be 60 - 70 mm. The tip of the chisel should be sharpened at an angle of 65 - 70°, the cutting edge should be a straight or slightly convex line, and the side edges where they are grasped by hand should not have sharp edges.

1.8. Wrenches must be marked and match the size of the nuts and bolt heads. The jaws of the wrenches must be parallel. The working surfaces of the wrenches should not be chipped, and the handles should not have burrs.

Extending wrenches by attaching a second wrench or pipe is prohibited.

1.9. For screwdrivers, the blade should fit into the slot of the screw head without any gap.

1.10. Tools with insulating handles (pliers, pliers, side and end cutters, etc.) must have dielectric covers or coatings without damage (delamination, swelling, cracks) and fit tightly to the handles.

1.11. The crowbars should be straight, with pointed ends drawn out.

1.12. The handles of files, scrapers, etc., mounted on pointed tail ends, are equipped with bandage (tightening) rings.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, you must receive a task from your supervisor and instructions on safe methods for performing the assigned work.

2.2. Wear the special clothing and special shoes required by the regulations. If you need to work lying down or on your knees, wear elbow pads or knee pads.

2.3. The illumination of the workplace must be sufficient.

3. Safety requirements during operation

3.1. The position of the tool in the workplace must prevent it from rolling or falling.

3.2. When working with a chisel or other hand tool for chopping metal, you must use eye protection and cotton gloves.

3.3. When carrying or transporting a tool, its sharp parts must be covered with covers or otherwise.

3.4. When working with jacks, it is prohibited to load the jacks above their rated load capacity.

3.5. When using a tool with insulated handles, do not hold it behind stops or collars that prevent your fingers from slipping towards metal parts.

3.7. Hand tools must be transported and transported to the place of work under conditions that ensure their serviceability and suitability for work, i.e. it must be protected from contamination, moisture and mechanical damage.