This article is dedicated to the disappeared continent of Atlantis.
Atlantis is one of the darkest mysteries of our time: an island that didn't exist or an island that sank?
« Atlantis (ancient Greek Ἀτλαντὶς) is a mythical island-state. N The most detailed description of Atlantis is known from the dialogues of Plato of Athens; mentions and comments of Herodotus, Diodorus Siculus, Posidonius, Strabo, and Proclus are also known.
The testimony of the ancients about the location of Atlantis is uncertain.
According to Plato, the island was located to the west of the Pillars of Hercules, opposite the Atlanta Mountains. During strong earthquake, accompanied by a flood, the island was swallowed up by the sea in one day along with its inhabitants - the Atlanteans. Plato gives the time of the catastrophe as "9000 years ago", that is, about 9500 BC. e.
Interest in stories about Atlantis began during the Renaissance. In modern science, questions about the existence of Atlantis are controversial. There is a doctrine of atlantology, specially developed in the late 1950s. People involved in searching and summarizing any information about Atlantis are called atlantologists.
Atlantis is a popular subject in art."
There are NO reliable sources and evidence that Atlantis existed. There is evidence of those who lived in times not far from the life of Atlantis, there are assumptions, there is an “underwater world”, cities in the ocean on the site of the supposed island (islands), there are thousands of theories and legends about how everything was and where the continent disappeared, but there is no clear answer There is no convincing evidence that Atlantis existed.
Phrases from the film “National Geographic: “We consider the arguments of adherents and skeptics equally ...”, “A place where many generations lived in prosperity of equality”, “Then, over the course of one night, the island and its inhabitants sank to the bottom.”
It is believed that the continent was equal in size to Asia, consisting of fertile plains with a palace surrounded by moats in the middle. This island was a paradise created by the son of the Greek god Poseidon. The venerable residents worshiped bulls, feasted on coconuts, and walked with elephants. But the divine traits were supplanted by human nature, and they became warlike and greedy. Then, within one day and one night, as a result of an earthquake and flood, Atlantis sank to the bottom. This is a great legend, but how reliable is it? Some are confident in the existence of Atlantis.
The conviction of adherents of the idea of the reality of the continent is not limited to the belief in the existence of Atlantis; some also believe that the Atlanteans (the inhabitants of Atlantis) survived and later left a historical, architectural, and cultural heritage in the form of various monuments.
The most likely assumption is that Atlantis was located in the Mediterranean Sea, the location is indicated on the maps. The most common versions: the Strait of Gibraaltar, the bottom of the lake of the Dominican Republic, the Canary Islands, the Ozores and, in principle, any point in the world... The Atlantic Ocean - most capaciously fits the size of the island described by Plato (the central island is 3000 × 2000 stadia (530 × 350 km)), A number of researchers agree with this.
Plato does not give an exact answer regarding the existence of Atlantis, but describes the island in detail in the dialogues: “Timaeus” (briefly) and “Critius” (more extensively).
The Legend of Atlantis. Ancient world: Atlantis - myths and scientific hypotheses:
So, many versions, information, assumptions about the existence of Atlantis as a cornerstone rest on the search for a specific place where the island was, in the search for evidence of the reality of the island. There are a lot of studies, theories, films, articles on this issue, but no one has yet established the exact location of Atlantis, much less found irrefutable evidence of the existence of the island.
But the mythical touch, or better yet, the mystical, leaves an alluring trail of attraction and increases interest in one of the most global mysteries of modernity and the prehistoric period. Legends, prototypes, inexplicable phenomena, beautiful stories - that’s what surrounds this island. What worries people so much and keeps Atlantis from sinking to the bottom in the memory and imagination of many?
The fact is that this continent is connected (or people themselves have connected it) with many things that are absolutely important for humanity. Therefore, we will not talk further about the list of evidence of the reality of Atlantis, historical facts - why list what is described in thousands of articles and mentioned in millions of sources? We will talk about the philosophical aspect of the existence of Atlantis.
From the film (link above): “A healthy dose of skepticism will not hurt us. Perhaps Plato invented Atlantis to show the political and ethical side of violence, aggression, greed... but deep down I want to believe that Plato simply inspired the story folk legends about the destruction of the high culture of the island of Thira."
Is Atlantis just a fiction? But then why was it invented? Probably because people, even according to well-known psychological facts, need faith in something mystical, global-historical, in the existence of a grandiose past (sunk in one day), a higher race, a superman, superpowers, treasures and chests with gold and noble relics under earth. Therefore, there are myths, legends, and science fiction that inspire people with hope and support faith in all other legends. Bermuda Triangle, Mariana Trench, Atlantis, The spools of the Cheops Pyramids…
“The most common opinion among historians and especially philologists is that the story of Atlantis is a typical philosophical myth, examples of which are replete with Plato’s dialogues. Indeed, Plato, unlike Aristotle and even more so historians, never set out to communicate to the reader any real facts, but only ideas illustrated by philosophical myths. To the extent that the story is verifiable, it is not supported by all available archaeological material.
Indeed, there are no traces of any advanced civilization in Greece or in western Europe and Africa, either at the end of the glacial and post-glacial periods, or in the subsequent millennia.
As for the death of Atlantis, it is obvious that, having invented this country, Plato had to destroy it simply for external plausibility (to explain the absence of traces of such a civilization in the modern era). That is, the picture of the death of Atlantis is dictated entirely by the internal tasks of the text.”
Atlantis, in addition to scientific, theosophical, philosophical, psychological reasons for its appearance, also has more banal ones - we need Atlantis, we simply need it, on an everyday and dreamy level.
“The myth of Atlantis gives enormous scope for imagination; we dream of an ideal society where people live peacefully and amicably... We wonder why, if people lived like this before, we can’t live the same way today?”
This island is a prototype of Paradise after the Fall... the Atlanteans lived there - people with superpowers, they were looking for the origins of a higher race, Atlantis is called the cradle of the world, world culture.
Sometimes assumptions arise that if they eventually found Atlantis and reliably established that it existed, everyone would be disappointed: you never know, maybe a couple of pegs and ruins stuck out at the bottom of the sea. And so - emptiness, abyss, everything and nothing - space for imagination and admiration.
Both fiction and complete acceptance of the existence of the island are two extremes, which essentially give nothing to mere mortals. What, for example, did Atlantis exist for the villagers today or not? What about the great cultural heritage of the poor people of Africa, where people are dying of hunger?
But in general for the world (for the scientific, prosperous part of the population) - Atlantis is a separate planet, with values that cannot be found today, people-geniuses lived there - Atlanteans, who made achievements and discoveries incomparable even with the modern century, and confirmation of the fact of existence Atlantis would radically change the whole history.
Therefore, according to adherents of the idea of the reality of the continent, it is worth believing that the island was worth it, if only because it gives hope that in the future we will be able to achieve more than the Atlanteans.
None of us can either deny or confirm the existence of the island in the past. Therefore, different versions have the right to life - not only those saying that Atlantis is a fiction.
Helena Blavatsky saw Atlantis as far from being a myth; moreover, the island, in Blavatsky’s opinion, was considered a myth by narrow-minded and uninitiated people. And other followers of mystical teachings gave Atlantis a special place in world history:
“In the book of H. P. Blavatsky, The Secret Doctrine, it is stated that the evolution of the Fourth Root Race, which preceded modern humanity, took place in Atlantis.
In 1882, the famous theosophist A.P. Sinnett stated that he allegedly received an answer to his questions about Atlantis from the Tibetan Mahatma K.H. K.H. wrote:
“The sinking of Atlantis (a group of continents and islands) began during the Miocene period - (as now, there is a gradual sinking of some of your continents) - and it culminated first in the final disappearance of the largest continent - an event coinciding with the rise of the Alps, then approached turn of the last of the islands mentioned by Plato.
The Egyptian priests of Sais told Solon that Atlantis (the only remaining large island) had perished 9,000 years before their time. This was not an imaginary number, for they had carefully guarded their achievements for thousands of years. But then, I say, they only mentioned Poseidonis, and would never have revealed their secret chronology even to the great Greek legislator...
The great event - the triumph of our “Sons of Light”, the inhabitants of Shambhala (then an island in the Central Asian Sea) over the selfish - if not completely vicious - magicians of Poseidonis happened exactly 11,446 years ago. Read the incomplete and partially veiled explanation in this regard in Isis, Volume 1, and some things will become clearer to you.”
Theosophists believe that the Atlantean civilization reached its peak between 1,000,000 and 900,000 years ago, but collapsed due to internal contradictions and wars resulting from the illegal use of magical powers by the Atlanteans.
W. Scott-Elliot, in The History of Atlantis (1896), states that Atlantis eventually split into two large islands, one called Daitya and the other Ruta, which was later reduced to the last remnant known as Poseidonis.
Charles Leadbeater claims that in Tibet there is an occult museum that contains samples of the cultures of all civilizations that have ever existed on Earth, including the civilization of Atlantis.
The four maps of the continent, showing the history of its destruction, included in Scott-Elliot's History of Atlantis, are copies of maps from the Tibetan museum mentioned."
In addition, a number of researchers talk about the cyclical nature of earthly processes and phenomena, about the patterns of certain events. For example, that previously the percentage of land was much higher, many cities went under water, and Atlantis also disappeared. And also: Atlantis, how
the world during the global flood, like Sodom and Gomorrah and many other “sinful” areas with a concentration of “corrupt” people, went under water precisely in order to punish from above for its corruption.
After all, many say that the inhabitants of the island lost human dignity, committed lawlessness, went mad with power, subjugated nearby areas, wanted more, having already had so much - for which they paid. This story has both a moralizing and philosophical meaning: people are always people, they are not perfect, money, wealth, power spoil everyone. And even the most beautiful paradise will always collapse, because at the root of human nature lies a deviation from virtues.
Excerpt from the book “Atlantis Unveiled” by E. Blavatsky:
“These people [initiates] believed in the story of Atlantis, they knew that it was not a fable, and they argued that in various eras of the past, huge islands and even continents existed where now only deserted waters rage.
In their sunken temples and libraries the archaeologist would find, if he could explore, materials to fill in the gaps in what we imagine to be history.
It is said that in a distant era a traveler could cross what is now the Atlantic Ocean almost its entire length by land, moving only by boat from one island to another, where at that time there were only narrow straits.”
One should not assume that only seas and lakes disappear and appear. Islands appear and disappear in the same way. The best example of this is history of Atlantis, an island that was larger than Libya and Asia combined.
History of the island of Atlantis
Of course, in the time of Plato, (more details:) the size of both Libya and Asia was represented differently, but still Atlantis Island was not small.
The ancient Greek scientist Plato was the first to talk about Atlantis The Atlantis hypothesis begins with Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias. In them, the great ancient Greek scientist talks about a once-existing large island in the Atlantic Ocean, which was swallowed up by the abyss of water.
But what does Plato explain? An ancient legend or your own fiction about a mythical island? Or maybe he is reporting real facts about the existence of an ancient civilization, information about which came to him by chance? So what is this story of Plato - legend, hypothesis, reality? Since the first half of the 4th century BC, attempts have been made to answer this question. But there is still no definitive answer.
Legends about Atlantis have inspired writers and poets more than once.
And this list could be continued almost endlessly, a list of wonderful inventions generated by an ancient legend.
There is about Atlantis literature and other kinds. No less fantastic in content, but still claiming the right to be called scientific literature.
One of these books was quite self-confidently called “The History of Atlantis.”
And the author of another was Schliemann, the grandson of the man who discovered the stones of the legendary Troy from under the layers of many centuries. Shamelessly speculating on the name of his famous grandfather, he titled the book quite pretentiously: “How I Found the Lost Atlantis.” Both of these books are from the stream of so-called “occult literature”, which shrouded the problem of Atlantis in such a thick mystical fog that for some scientists even today it obscures the scientific significance of this problem.
At the same time real science is interested in the problem of Atlantis, since there are countless questions associated with it that are awaiting solutions:
It seems that these and many other questions do not give the right to unconditionally deny the existence of Atlantis, although they do not give the right to assert that Atlantis existed. Therefore, again and again, researchers turn to the primary source of information about the sunken continent, to two dialogues of Plato.
One of the first in modern times to make an attempt to explore the history of Atlantis was the remarkable Russian poet.
The history of Atlantis was described in his works by the Russian poet Valery Bryusov He was an amazing person, a poet, writer, mathematician, a great expert on ancient history, and an expert in research in various fields of the natural sciences. The problem of Atlantis interested him literally from childhood. In his youth he worked on poem "Atlantis".
During the years of creative maturity, he wrote a series of poems devoted to the same problem. He published a large scientific work, “Teachers of Teachers.” The poet-scientist called the ancient inhabitants of Atlantis teachers of teachers, in which
all knowledge has arisen
and in which
everything that was possible was achieved by the first children of the Earth.
(lines from Bryusov’s “Atlantic” cycle of poems are in quotation marks). He made an attempt to trace their influence on the most ancient peoples of the world, and primarily on the Cretan-Mycenaean culture.
Having analyzed the stages of development of ancient cultures, including Egyptian and Aegean, Bryusov comes to the conclusion that their initial stages are strange and incomprehensible.
Egyptian culture begins mysteriously: the oldest pyramids are also the tallest. The origins of their arts are unclear, they suddenly appear before the astonished world, like Pallas Athena, who emerged in dress and armor from the head of Zeus.
Bryusov sees something similar in the Cretan-Mycenaean culture. The legendary labyrinth appears as if suddenly. Before him, only the remains of people who had not yet emerged from the Stone Age could be discovered on the island. Shouldn't this leap be explained by someone's influence that spread to the culture of peoples living on different continents? Doesn’t all this testify to the existence in ancient times of a people who became a universal mentor,
teacher of teachers?
It was after these considerations that the poet-scientist moved on to that culture that could lay claim to the honor of being called
teachers teachers.
Tradition told him desired name- Atlantis. And in search of an answer, Bryusov turns to Plato’s “Dialogues”.
Based on contemporary data about Atlantis, analyzing Plato’s messages, Bryusov comes to the conclusion (lines from the work “Teachers of Teachers”):
If we assume that Plato’s description is a fiction, it will be necessary to recognize Plato as a superhuman genius, who was able to predict the development of science for thousands of years to come, to foresee that one day learned historians will discover the world of Aegean and establish its relations with Egypt, that Columbus will discover America, and archaeologists will restore the civilization of the ancient Mayans, etc.
Needless to say, with all our respect for the genius of the great Greek philosopher, such insight seems impossible to us and that we consider another explanation simpler and more plausible: Plato had at his disposal (Egyptian) materials dating back to ancient times.
The method adopted by Valery Bryusov is simple and logical: he read Plato’s dialogues and compared them with the objective level of knowledge ancient philosopher as a man of his time. Based on this, the poet comes to the conclusion that Plato could only obtain most of the information contained in the Dialogues from people who knew about the existence of Atlantis. Well, for example,
Plato, like all Greeks, knew nothing about the Aegean kingdoms, which preceded the Hellenic ones on the soil of Greece. Therefore, Plato could not have any reason to invent a strong state in Attica many centuries before the beginning of Greek history.
Plato writes that Atlantis was located on the islands beyond the Pillars of Hercules (i.e., beyond the Strait of Gibraltar) and from it it was possible, sailing further west, to get to another “opposite” continent. But the ancient Greeks knew nothing about America! Doesn't this indicate that this data also reached Plato from some competent source?
Having established in this way that on the very first pages of his dialogues Plato makes two brilliant discoveries in different fields of science - in history and geography, Bryusov is convinced that even in seemingly insignificant details Plato turns out to be surprisingly close to the truth. This applies, say, to the unknown metal orichalcum. After there was no place for it in the periodic table, its very existence became doubtful.
Bryusov believed, however, that this unknown metal could be aluminum. True, to obtain it, electric current is used, which the Atlanteans did not know about. Or maybe they knew another method for producing aluminum?
To this we can add a historical fact reported by the ancient historian Pliny: in the first years of our era, an unknown craftsman brought to the Roman Emperor Tiberius a metal bowl that shone like silver, but was extremely light. The master said that he got this metal from clay soil. Tiberius, fearing that the new metal would devalue his gold and silver reserves, ordered the master's head to be cut off. It is quite possible that we are also talking about aluminum.
Ancient historian Pliny Scientists believe that orichalcum could be a natural alloy of copper and zinc, or modern brass. Occasionally there are ores containing both of these metals. This alloy also corresponds to the color of orichalcum - “red, the color of fire.” In Plato's Dialogues we learn about the flora and fauna of Atlantis. They are described surprisingly realistically.
Apparently, elephants and horses can be considered the most fantastic in the fauna of Atlantis. According to Plato, the Atlanteans had horses and elephants in their colonies in Africa and America. But this does not at all contradict the truth: both horses and elephants in America became extinct relatively recently.
In “Teachers of Teachers” Bryusov, getting acquainted with the description of the capital of Atlantis - the City of the Golden Gate, believes that he too
also does not go beyond the scope of the possible... The statue of Poseidon, described by Plato, was enormous, but it is also close in size to the statue of Olympian Zeus, sculpted by Phidias... And in general, in the entire description there is not a single feature that would expose deliberate fiction...
Bryusov writes. Does Plato's description of Atlantis correspond to new scientific data? After Bryusov, scientists returned to this issue more than once and found new surprising coincidences. Well, for example, the two springs that feed Plato’s Atlantis - hot and cold water - could really be on an island associated with active volcanic activity. Scientists also found a tree that was mysterious, perhaps even to Plato himself,
which provides drink, food, and ointment.
It could be a coconut palm, which actually provides “drink” - coconut milk, and “food” - nut pulp, and “ointment” - semi-liquid coconut oil. Even Plato’s remark that the walls and towers of the Golden Gate City were made of stone of three colors: white, black, red - found interesting confirmation: it was from such stones that the cities in the Azores were built; they are sometimes considered the mountain peaks of the sunken Atlantis.
Research conducted in recent years has confirmed Plato's date for the tragic catastrophe, when the remains of a giant transatlantic island that once connected two great continents sank to the bottom of the ocean. What does not confirm such an ancient date? Changing currents?
Ocean currents to one degree or another determine the climate of the continents. Perhaps their appearance and disappearance is the rocket at whose signal the glaciers begin to move? Melting, glaciers expose the earth's surface, leaving giant blocks of boulders, as if abandoned in a panicked retreat. Well, why do sea currents appear and disappear?
Atlantologist E. F. Hagemeister suggested that the end of the last ice age was caused by the breakthrough of the warm Gulf Stream into the cold Arctic Ocean. And what happened, she believes, is because
Atlantis sank to the bottom of the ocean and opened the way for the Gulf Stream.
The academician completely agreed with this assumption V. A. Obruchev. He wrote:
The sinking of Atlantis again cleared the way for the Gulf Stream, and in the north its warm waters gradually stopped glaciation around the North Pole.
The remains of living creatures found in sediments on the ocean floor can tell a lot. Here, for example, is what foraminifera testify to. The coils of the spirals of foraminiferal shells are twisted to the left in heat-loving forms, and to the right in cold-loving forms. By studying soil cores taken in the North Atlantic, scientists came to the conclusion that about 10-13 thousand years ago, the waters of the North Atlantic warmed sharply. This is also associated with the breakthrough of the warm waters of the Gulf Stream.
But when did this happen? Russian hydrogeologist , examining soil samples from the bottom of the polar seas, found that the hot Gulf Stream first penetrated into the northern seas about 12 thousand years ago. This was shown by radioisotope analysis.
Russian hydrogeologist M. M. Ermolaev - conducted radioisotope analysis of soil from the bottom of the polar seas American scientists obtained similar results. They examined volcanic ash, which is found in sediments at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. And it turned out that he appeared here about 12 thousand years ago. This once again confirmed the legendary date of the death of Atlantis: the island sank to the bottom of the ocean under the thunderous salute of volcanic eruptions.
Most of Bryusov's work is devoted to connections between the most ancient civilizations of our planet. The poet-scientist pays special attention to the Cretan-Mycenaean culture. His book was published when the excavations in Crete were not yet completed. This gave her additional interest, which the author could not help but take into account. Well, does science today confirm the existence of such connections?
Exactly the question ancient civilizations our The book of A. A. Gorbovsky “Riddles of Ancient History” is dedicated to the planet. Some of Gorbovsky’s conclusions can be questioned, but the facts he provides are usually accurate. And they most often concern the most ancient ideas about structure. Well, for example:
Our Earth is only one of thousands of millions of similar inhabited worlds located in the Universe.
The idea that creatures similar to humans live on distant stars also existed in ancient times in Peru.
“The earth was in front of me like a round ball”
This quote is from the Leiden Demotic Papyrus. The Aztecs depicted the planets as small circles or balls that the gods played with.
They built a high tower... But their languages suddenly mixed up, they could no longer understand each other and went to live in different parts of the Earth.
And again, and again... You can often read that legends about the “universal flood” are common only among coastal peoples and that these are memories of previous floods. In fact, there is no such ancient people that would not have this legend.
Everyone knows the story of the Bible. Many people know that it is borrowed from the ancient Sumerian epic of Gilgamesh. But the English ethnologist reports that of the 130 Indian tribes of North, Central and South America, there is not a single one that does not have a myth about the great catastrophe.
English ethnologist J. Fraser In the fifty post-Bryusov years, this list has lengthened almost to infinity.
It would be fair to consider that Valery Bryusov’s work “Teachers of Teachers” summed up the first period of studying the problem of Atlantis, turning the legend set out in Plato’s dialogues into a scientific document. The author himself assessed the outcome of his work approximately in this way: “From now on, the “problem of Atlantis” leaves the realm of fortune-telling, becomes a definite historical hypothesis and should share the usual fate of scientific hypotheses, depending on whether newly discovered facts will refute or confirm it.”
And yet, it would not be entirely fair if we, having paid tribute to the merits of Bryusov’s work, remain silent about its fatal flaw: carried away by the enchanting legend, he recklessly considered the culture of the Atlanteans to be extremely high.
Over the course of thousands of years, their power increased and their culture developed, reaching a height that, perhaps, none of the earthly peoples reached after that.
This assessment was obviously facilitated by the influence of books by occultists who believed that the Atlanteans knew aeronautics, rocketry, etc.
Scientists, in particular N. F. Zhirov, carefully analyzed the question of how high culture Plato describes.
What metals does Plato talk about? About gold, silver, lead, iron, about the mysterious orichalcum? But gold and silver are found in native form, and their abundance in the Atlantean capital does not indicate that these metals were widely used in the life of the city. Iron, which is mentioned only once by Plato, was probably meteoric.
After all, in the “Dialogues” there is no mention of iron or bronze weapons or tools. Metals were used only for cladding giant stone walls or for decorating temples. All this cannot be considered evidence of the onset of the Copper or, especially, the Bronze Age. Both weapons and tools, say, for cultivating the land, and household products were made only from stone and bone, which is quite consistent with the Stone Age.
Plato also does not mention lime, cement, and gypsum as binders. building materials. Metals, primarily copper, were apparently used to hold the wall blocks together. This also corresponds to the first period of transition from the Stone to the Bronze Age. There is nothing contradictory in Plato’s story about the gigantic size of the temples. It is at this stage of development that many peoples of the world gravitate towards gigantism in architecture.
A number of authors associate megalithic buildings scattered along almost all sea coasts of the globe with the Atlantean culture. There are especially many of them in Western Europe. Megaliths are structures made of unhewn or semi-hewn giant blocks of stone, laid in rows or circles. They were built so long ago that even legends about it are silent. But they are known in Europe, South America, Palestine, Ethiopia, India, Japan, and Madagascar. There is only one doubt - these structures must have been built by Stone Age people.
Megaliths - structures made from unhewn or semi-hewn giant blocks of stone - scientists associate them with the Atlantean culture The high culture of agriculture does not at all contradict the general assessment of the level of development of the people of Atlantis given by N.F. Zhirov. By the way, agriculture apparently arose 30-20 thousand years ago, which coincides with the date of the heyday and death of Atlantis.
The Russian scientist Doctor of Chemical Sciences N.F. Zhirov can rightfully be considered a major atlantologist. He has written articles in newspapers and magazines, on radio and television, and published several books. The last of them, Atlantis, was published in 1964, several years before his death. According to N.F. Zhirov, the question of the existence of Atlantis should be resolved by science. In particular, oceanology has the final say here. It is she who must answer whether there could have been, and whether there was, several thousand years ago in the Atlantic Ocean, opposite Gibraltar, a fairly large island.
Yes, N.F. Zhirov answers these questions. Atlantis could have existed. Data from modern science indicate that in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean there is an underwater North Atlantic Ridge, which could have existed subaerially (above the surface of the water) at times close to those indicated by Plato in his legend. It is possible that some of these landmasses survived into historical times. So, maybe it makes sense to look for traces of Atlantis on these islands?
The islands of the Atlantic Ocean have long attracted the attention of atlantologists. Unfortunately, nothing like a large complex expedition that would conduct thorough archaeological excavations, would have recorded everyday rituals and legends, studied the flora and fauna in detail, etc., was not on these islands. Although, according to many assumptions, this is where one should look for the clue to Atlantis.
Some of the Azores islands are associated with interesting legends.
The bottom of the ocean also hides quite a few interesting things.
Unfortunately, so far scientists have not been able to recover either a statue of Poseidon or even a fragment of his trident from the site of the destruction of Atlantis. But still there were finds...
N.F. Zhirov in his book mentions the custom that existed among some Caucasian peoples of sacrificing food to spirits on the tops of mountains. Perhaps the “sea biscuits” found were plates for similar sacrifices performed by the inhabitants of Atlantis?
These are the few evidences of the existence of Atlantis. There were incomparably more of them that could have been cited.
Well, in general, what can we say about the problem of Atlantis from the level of modern knowledge?
for all these places,
N.F. Zhirov notes:
we do not exclude the possibility of the existence of islands even in historical times; some of them may have been inhabited.
there is every reason to assume the possibility of subsidence of individual islands and banks of the North Atlantic in our historical time, which had the character of a cataclysm.
This explains the impossibility of such identification in a number of cases.
More than half a century has passed since Bryusov wrote his work “Teachers of Teachers.” To our greatest regret, to this day the general attitude of scientists towards this issue has not essentially changed. Most people still regard Plato's story as an unfounded fabrication. Evidence of this is that “the narratives of ancient writers, as we know, are full of such fabulous tales.” New evidence of this past years not found. And the quote given here dates back to the very beginning of our century. One often gets the impression that the “opponents of Atlantis” did not read Bryusov’s works. However, this is also possible.
Bryusov's work was published only once, in 1917, in a magazine that was published in a negligible circulation. Time did not help his fame either: the world was then shaken by a world war. Russia was on the eve of revolution. The most pressing problems of modern life were incomparably more important than the history of the continent that drowned thousands of years ago. And very soon the article “Teachers of Teachers” became a bibliographic rarity. And she did not have the opportunity to convince readers that a particular “fabulous tale” contains too much information that Plato could not have had, and this requires a more lenient attitude towards him. It remained the property of only specialist atlantologists who, in their own ways, came to the same conclusion.
But we must not forget something else. The world has entered an era of scientific and technological revolution, capturing ever new areas of knowledge. The ocean also succumbed to this uncontrollable pressure of science. Researchers have already reached its maximum depths in bathyscaphes. And without descending into the abyss of the ocean, scientists can already study its bottom in order to find the ruins of giant temples, the remains of city walls and surrounding canals. There is almost no doubt that such search for Atlantis will be undertaken in the near future.
What machines, devices, devices will they work with? Of course, clumsy, clumsy bathyscaphes are not very suitable for working on the ocean floor. But perhaps bathyscaphes will not be needed for this. Perhaps the search for Atlantis will be carried out by atlantologists and scuba divers.
Atlantologists-scuba divers?! At a depth of more than 3 thousand meters?! Are such depths accessible to scuba divers? Or will they be available?
It's difficult to answer this question. After all, scuba diving as a means of underwater work appeared quite recently, in 1943, J. I. Cousteau initially believed that this invention of his would help a person master a maximum of two to three tens of meters of water. But…
Here are the record dives for the post-war 30 years. It must be said that in our time, today's record becomes a publicly available value tomorrow. This can be confirmed, say, by the increase in speeds of cars and airplanes. Probably everyone remembers the story of airplanes breaking sound speed. How long ago was it?! And today, supersonic passenger aircraft have become an everyday reality in many countries around the world. The same thing happens with the diving depth records achieved by scuba divers.
So, the first tens of meters are accessible to an amateur scuba diver who has put on scuba gear for the first time. But we must not cross the permissible physiological threshold. This threshold is breathing with highly compressed air. In this case, the blood becomes oversaturated with oxygen and nitrogen dissolved in it. Oversaturation with oxygen causes convulsions, and with nitrogen - intoxication and leads to decompression sickness. At the same time, nitrogen dissolved in the blood begins to be released directly into the veins and arteries. And a person often dies.
To prevent this from happening, divers rise from the depths extremely slowly, and then the blood has time to free itself from excess nitrogen. In this case, the ascent from a depth of a hundred meters drags on for 5 hours.
The ingenious idea of a Swiss scientist helped defeat decompression sickness Hansa Keller A. The essence of this idea is to use various gas mixtures when rising from great depths. Once, when testing his idea, he rose from a depth of 222 meters in just 53 minutes! But the record for diving in a diving suit was only 180 meters, and the rise from this depth took 12 hours.
Keller descended to a depth of 400 meters. This was in 1960-1962.
In 1970, English scuba divers descended to a depth of 457 meters. But at the end of the same year, the French moved it beyond the half-kilometer mark; they reached 520 meters! And in 1972, an even greater depth was taken - 565 meters.
The next step amazes with its boldness and magnitude. Four American volunteers descended to a depth of 1520 meters, spent 4 hours at the indicated depth and rose to the surface without any harm to themselves. True, the last experiment was carried out in a pressure chamber, but this does not change the essence of the matter.
Depth reached!
All that remains is to double or triple it, and the depths of Atlantis will be at the mercy of scuba divers. They will be able to search for sunken land and, without returning to the surface of the ocean, relax in special underwater houses. Today, underwater houses of various designs are being tested in the USA, Holland and Italy, Japan and Cuba.
History of Atlantis is a mystery that researchers have been trying to penetrate for thousands of years. It is rooted in ancient times, inaccessible to direct research, but interest in this problem has only become stronger over the years. Perhaps this is due to the fact that something very important for all humanity is connected with the history of Atlantis.
In ancient times, the appearance of the Earth was different from what it is now; at that time there were continents and islands that have long since disappeared. The Great Flood and other cataclysms forever changed the face of the planet. And of course, it is very difficult today to judge the ancient states that existed at that time. However, fragmentary information about them has reached us in the form of legends and traditions.
Perhaps the greatest interest among scientists is Lemuria and Atlantis, as they were once the most highly developed civilizations. Lemuria is reminiscent of the mysterious Easter Island, which is believed to have been part of a large continent. As for Atlantis, no one can definitely say about its location yet. There is no such piece of land that could be tied to Atlantis. A fairly specific indication is the prediction of the clairvoyant Edward Cayce, who claimed that Atlantis was located in the Bermuda Triangle area. This prediction later found a number of confirmations - at the bottom of the ocean in this area, as Cayce predicted, large, well-preserved pyramids were discovered that contained crystals on their tops. However, there are interesting finds in other places on the planet. Therefore, it is not yet possible to definitively answer which version of the location of Atlantis is more correct, and therefore they are looking for the mysterious country all over the face of the Earth.
The legend of Atlantis became known to modern mankind through the works of the ancient Greek thinker Plato. In his dialogues Timaeus and Critias, he describes the history of Atlantis. In the first dialogue, Plato speaks only briefly about Atlantis. As for the dialogue “Critius”, it is entirely devoted to the description of Atlantis.
Dialogue Timaeus It begins with Socrates and the Pythagorean Timaeus having a conversation about the ideal state. However, after describing his ideas about the ideal state, Socrates began to complain that the picture turned out to be abstract. He wanted to see how such a state would behave in a real life situation, how it would build relations with other states, whether it would be able to go to war, and whether citizens in this case would perform feats “in accordance with their training and upbringing.”
Another participant in the conversation, an Athenian, unexpectedly responded to Socrates’ question. political figure Critias. He spoke of an ancient war that took place approximately 9,500 years ago (11,500 years for us) between Athens and the mysterious Atlantis. Critias himself learned about this story from his grandfather, and he learned about this war from Solon, and Solon was told about Atlantis by the Egyptian priests.
Both Athens and Atlantis were very powerful powers, while Atlantis had a very large territory under its control, conquering more and more new peoples. Atlantis's policy of conquest ultimately led to war with Athens. The entire Athenian people, realizing the danger that loomed over them, rose to defend their Fatherland. Abandoned by their allies, the Athenian warriors, showing courage and valor, managed to defeat the conquerors. This victory also restored freedom to the peoples who had been enslaved by the Atlanteans. But suddenly a terrible catastrophe broke out, ending the history of Atlantis. In one day and night, the country of the powerful Atlanteans went under water. Alas, the Athenian army also perished along with Atlantis.
Dialogue Critias- this is a direct continuation of the dialogue Timaeus. Through the lips of Critias, Plato speaks here in detail and reliably about Atlantis.
The story of Atlantis began with the relationship between Poseidon and the mortal girl Cleito, whom the ruler of the seas fell in love with. From their union came 10 sons, the eldest of whom was named Atlas. Poseidon divided the island between his sons, which later received the name Atlantis. The children of Poseidon and Cleito were considered demigods and laid the foundation for the 10 royal families of Atlantis.
Plato accurately described the legendary land and gave specific figures. The central plain of Atlantis reached 3000 stadia (which is 540 km) by 2000 stadia (360 km). In the center of the island there was a hill, which the father of the rulers of Atlantis surrounded with three water channels separated by earthen ramparts. In the center of the fortification, a city or central island was created, which had a diameter of 5 stages (slightly less than a kilometer). Here, in the heart of Atlantis, magnificent temples and a magnificent royal palace were built. The inhabitants of Atlantis built deep channels through the protective rings so that ships could sail directly to the capital.
This is what Plato says about Atlantis. The island on which the palace is located had a diameter of five stages. The rulers surrounded the island, the earthen rings, as well as the pletra-wide bridge with circular walls made of stone, and on the bridges at the exits to the sea they installed towers and gates everywhere. In the depths of the middle island, as well as the outer and inner earthen rings, the Atlanteans mined white, black and red stone. They organized anchorages for their ships in quarries. Some of their buildings are made simply, while others are skillfully decorated with stones. different color, which gave them natural beauty. The walls around the outer earthen ring along the entire circumference of Atlas were covered with copper by applying the metal in molten form. The inner shaft was covered with tin also by casting. The wall of the acropolis itself was decorated with orichalcum, which emitted a fiery shine.
The place where the rulers of Atlantis lived inside the acropolis was arranged like this. In the very center was the inaccessible holy temple of Cleito and Poseidon. It was surrounded by a golden wall - this was the place where the generation of ten princes came from. In honor of this event, every year they brought sacrificial firstfruits from all ten portions of Atlantis to each of them. Nearby was the temple of Poseidon, which was 1 stage in length, three plethra in width, and also a height corresponding to this size. The outer surface of the temple, except for the acroteria, was lined with silver, while the acroteria were trimmed with gold. The ceiling of the temple was made of Ivory and decorated with gold, silver and orichalcum. The walls, pillars and floors were completely covered with orichalcum. There were golden statues in the temple, one of which reached to the ceiling. It depicted a god on a chariot, who rode six winged horses, around whom were one hundred Nereids on dolphins. Many of the statues in the temple were donated by private individuals. The outside of the temple was surrounded by images made of gold of wives and those who descended from the ten kings. The altar was quite consistent in size and decoration with this wealth. The royal palace in its splendor also corresponded to both the temples and the greatness of the state.
In addition to all this, Plato described many different details from the way of life of the Atlanteans, including data on the size of the army of Atlantis.
The laws by which Atlantis lived were established by Poseidon and inscribed on the orichalcum pillar. Despite the incredible wealth of the island, the inhabitants of Atlantis, being direct descendants of the gods, did not know greed. However, marriages with mere mortals gradually led to the degeneration of the divine nature of the Atlanteans; human vices prevailed in the hearts of the Atlanteans with great force. They were filled with greed, pride and the desire for conquest. Then Zeus decided to punish the inhabitants of Atlantis so that they would “learn to be decent.” The Thunderer gathered all the gods and addressed those gathered with a speech... Plato never said what Zeus said - dialogue Critias This is where it mysteriously ends. For what reason Plato did not finish his work on Atlantis is not known.
This is the story of Atlantis from Plato's story. Many secrets would be revealed if this mysterious country could be discovered. However, the time has not yet come and the ocean reliably stores the ancient mysteries of Atlantis.
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The search for the remains of previous civilizations on Earth has always been considered one of the most intriguing mysteries of modern humanity. The most extensive research on this issue was carried out in search of the remains of the legendary Atlantis, but in vain. The question arises: did the island state really exist?
In the modern world there is no historical mystery to which as much has been devoted scientific research, books, documentaries and feature films, like the search for the mythical Atlantis. He was the first to tell humanity about its existence ancient Greek philosopher Plato, a student of Socrates himself. Considering his influence and popularity in ancient Greece, there is no doubt about the words of the famous philosopher. According to Plato, the island state existed more than 12,000 years ago and sank during a natural disaster. If the remains of Atlantis are discovered, humanity will reliably learn about how the antediluvian civilizations of the planet lived, what knowledge and technologies they possessed. The most interesting thing is that nowadays there is no question whether Atlantis really existed. It is only necessary to determine which of the cities found at the bottom of the world's oceans is the historical Atlantis.
The signs by which researchers recognize Atlantis can be understood by reading the legend about its mythical creator Poseidon. According to legend, having fallen in love with an ordinary earthly woman named Kleito, the god of the seas Poseidon decided to build a beautiful city for her on a sea island. After a long search, the god of the seas chose an island called Atlantis, inhabited by beautiful, tall people. It was on their land that Poseidon erected a majestic city, consisting of alternating five rings of water and land, connected by wide canals. The entrance to them from the sea was guarded by two watchtowers and a wall built of red, white and black stones. In the center of the city on the “Hill of Kleito” Poseidon created a magnificent palace in which he indulged in pleasures with his beloved. Subsequently, the children of the god of the seas, born from Kleito, built a temple in honor of their father, decorated with his giant statue made of pure gold. On it, Poseidon drives a chariot drawn by winged horses. It is assumed that it is the megalithic buildings and the statue of Poseidon that researchers will have to determine the location of the legendary Atlantis.
In order to determine for certain where on Earth the famous island state was located, it is necessary to discard all dubious versions that placed Atlantis: on Black Sea coast, in the center Mediterranean Sea, V Pacific Ocean and even in Antarctica. It is unlikely that ancient Greek scientists were so uneducated as to confuse seas and oceans when describing the place where the island state was located. And it’s absolutely certain that the eminent philosophers of ancient Greece would not have created Atlantis, as some researchers say. The most amazing thing is that five years ago the supposed remains of Atlantis were found, and exactly where Plato located it - in the Atlantic Ocean in the center of the Bermuda Triangle.
Humanity owes the discovery of the remains of Atlantis in 2012 to two researchers Paul Weinzweig and Paulina Zalitsky. After serious theoretical calculations, scientists decided to test their conclusions in practice. Using deep-sea vehicles operating autonomously, they explored in detail a section of the Atlantic Ocean near the coast of Cuba. The results of the devices exceeded all their wildest expectations. Underwater photographs appeared in which researchers were surprised to discover giant pyramids, several sphinxes, as well as many other megalithic buildings and structures. Ruin ancient city were at a depth of about 180 meters. The distance is not critical for modern automatic bathyscaphes. The use of special equipment will allow us to examine in sufficient detail the flooded buildings, which are likely to hide many amazing artifacts.
According to scientists, Atlantis was flooded during the end of the Ice Age, when powerful streams of water poured from the poles towards the Equator. Atlantis was not the only one affected. In those years, many large centers of human civilization instantly disappeared under water. Unfortunately, the outstanding scientific technologies of the Atlanteans could not protect their island state from the rampant elements. However, modern human civilization, with the existing level of scientific and technological progress, would also not be able to do this. Numerous storms and hurricanes that periodically hit the United States and states Central America, eloquently prove this. The catastrophe that sent Atlantis to the bottom of the ocean occurred approximately 12,900 years ago. However, the island nation was not completely underwater. Modern atlantologists, based on the discovery of Paul Weinzweig and Paulina Zalitsky, believe that Cuba is a surviving part of Atlantis.
Despite the irrefutability of underwater finds, supporters of the location of Atlantis in other parts of the world rightly demand additional evidence. The desire is quite logical and the necessary facts were provided to them. Firstly, as we know, humanity learned about the existence of an ancient state from Plato’s works Timaeus and Critias. Having compared the description of the island city given in literary monuments and the location of underwater ruins off the coast of Cuba, scientists discovered that they are completely identical. But this cannot be said about any other supposed location of Atlantis. Secondly, the Olmec civilization, which in ancient times inhabited the territory of Central America, according to the legends of this people, originates from an island with the telling name Atlanticu. Comments, as they say, are unnecessary. Thirdly, the US Institute of Anthropology, which studied the Olmec civilization in detail, noted: the writings and patterns of this people completely coincide with what researchers discovered at the bottom of the ocean. Olmec mythological texts also point to their origins from a continent that sank as a result of a natural disaster caused by an earthquake and a sharp rise in water. Today there is no doubt that the underwater city off the coast of Cuba is the legendary Atlantis, which actually existed. Today, exploration of the sunken city continues. Let's hope that humanity will soon receive a lot of additional evidence of the real existence of Atlantis.
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Just a few years ago, it probably would never have occurred to me to connect the Theta Disc with the myth that Atlantis seemed to be at that time. However, everything has changed: she is no longer a myth! The myth has become a hypothesis, in support of which dozens of researchers have joined forces, finding more and more indisputable data. Today there are already so many of them that without Plato’s testimony we ourselves would now recreate the picture of the Ancient Atlantic with an archipelago of islands connecting its shores and starting at the Pillars of Hercules.
I think it’s worth familiarizing yourself with these data to make sure how real the former existence of this country is and whether it is directly related to our hypothesis. And I’ll start with a general statement: as science has shown, there is nothing immutable in our knowledge about the world. The progress of science is in the constant rejection of previous knowledge. There are no longer any immutable truths and no indisputable facts. The view on problems and objects of study sometimes undergoes a radical change. Actually, the only principle worthy of a man of science is now the readiness to accept the most unexpected explanations of phenomena that once seemed to be completely explained.
As an example, let us turn to the past of man to tell ourselves directly, without beating around the bush: the entire genealogy of the human race, which was so diligently drummed into us by self-confident or unscrupulous scientists, turned out to be just a speculative construction on paper! Textbooks also say that a million years ago we supposedly descended from the trees. Meanwhile, recent discoveries in Africa have shown the existence of meaningfully made flint tools already 3.5 million years before us.
All the imaginary “intermediate links” between the monkey and Homo sapiens, so adored by paleontologists, often, alas, to their greater glory, return to their places in the animal world. And this began after more ancient or equal in age human remains and impressions of feet, no different from ours, were discovered in Tanzania. And then several real scientists dared to publicly express their conviction that the “bone material of evidence” collected over decades was far from complete, poorly dated, insufficient, doubtful, and even falsified. And finally, this “something” presented as a human ancestor may well simply be a parallel branch. In short, science in its present state has little to say about man's past. Thus, the ancient cultures “received” over thousands of millions more years for their historical development. If our immediate ancestor managed to move from a stone pestle to an electron microscope in 10 thousand years, then the question arises: what, his African predecessor, with equally dexterous hands and the same brain volume, should have spent 3.5 million years, so nothing and not achieving?..
And in our past, an incredibly long, boundless period opened up, during which cultures that we had never even dreamed of could successfully flourish and perish! Most likely, they were exactly like that, since they did not leave us rusting landfills and plastic dumps.
In this incomprehensible past there is ample room for Atlantis.
As Plato says, along the islands of Atlantis “it was easy to move to other islands, and from the islands to the entire opposite continent, which covered the sea that truly deserves such a name (after all, the sea on this side of the mentioned strait is just a bay with some narrow passage into it, while the sea on the other side of the strait is a sea in the proper sense of the word, just as the land surrounding it can truly and quite rightly be called a continent).
This early reference to America is striking; and does not at all resemble literary fiction. But no less remarkable is the mention of the island chain. Plato at one time could not have known about the Atlantic what we know today: during the last glaciation, the water level was 120–200 meters lower, and this alone meant that the surface of the Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde Islands, Bermuda and the Bahamas - many times higher than the current one. These were large islands, and their shallow continental shelf, which greatly facilitated navigation, occupied vast spaces.
The testimony of Heinrich Schliemann, the famous discoverer of Troy (by the way, it was already discovered a second time, in another place), is little known. He claims that during his stay in St. Petersburg he found and read an Egyptian papyrus kept in the Hermitage, which says the following:
“The pharaoh sent an expedition to the west to search for traces of the continent of Atlantis, from which the ancestors of the Egyptians arrived 3,350 years ago, bringing with them all the knowledge of their native country.”
Interestingly, Aristotle, who rejected Plato's account, argued that the Phoenicians and Carthaginians knew of a large island in the western Atlantic, which they called Antilla.
This name is very close to the Greco-Roman “Atlantis” (the so-called lost island or continent).
So if we prove the existence of this “chain of islands”, then not only Atlantis will become reliable, but also the ambiguities in the problem of settling America will disappear. The “Siberian Way” through the Bering Isthmus does not explain everything completely, neither in time nor in ethnic composition South American peoples. Some of them, for example, the Mexican Olmecs with Negroid features, the creators of the oldest culture in this country, arrived (according to Professor Andrzej Wierczyński) from the Ibero-African region. Such a relocation would be highly questionable if the transatlantic island chain did not exist. The cradle of a number of other American tribes with clearly Indo-European ethnic features could, not without reason, be seen precisely on Atlantis.
Ancient sources are replete with numerous references to the invasion of Europe and Africa by “sea peoples” from the west. The inhabitants of this region have preserved legends, records and even some ruins - traces of these invasions from the sea. Egyptian chronicles mention mysterious attacks by the “people of the sea.” Irish legends tell of froborgs who arrived from the Atlantic. The ruins of ancient stone fortresses testify to the attacks committed thousands of years ago. And what’s interesting: these stones bear traces of influence high temperature. The Atlantic coast of Spain and France is also full of ancient ruins, covered with legends of attacks from the west in ancient times.
The ancient Gauls, Irish, Welsh and other Celtic tribes were convinced that their ancestors came from a continent that sank in the "Western Sea". The Welsh called it Avalon.
The Basques, a completely mysterious racial and linguistic “island” in Southwestern France and Northern Spain, to this day believe that they are the descendants of Atlantis, which is called Atlantica. In Portugal there is also a widespread belief that Atlantis was near this country, and the Azores are its remnants.
The indigenous inhabitants of the Canary Islands still call them by their old name - Atalaya, and to the first newcomers from the continent they were presented as distant descendants of the few ancestors who survived the great catastrophe.
The Vikings claimed that Atli was a wonderful land in the west. For the ancient Arabs, the first civilization existed on the “continent of Hell in the Western Ocean.” Why, even the ancient Indian texts “Purana” and “Mahabharata” mention “Atallu, the White Island in the Western Ocean”, “half a world away” from India.
And so on and so forth. There are many such traces of the past in America. For example, in Venezuela, the conquistadors came across a village of “white people” called Atlan. However, other tribes they conquered also talked about their coming from across the sea, from places whose names repeated the sound combination atl.
The cultural similarities between the two continents are significant. Already the first Spaniards heard about things that were well known to them from the traditions of the Middle East, from the Bible and other texts: about the great flood that a select few and their animals survived on boats; about the construction of a high tower in order to avoid the next flood; about repentance and deliverance from sins; about communion in the form of bread, perceived as the body of God, and also about the cross, which turned out to be the oldest image of the Tree of Life.
The Indians, in turn, had long awaited the arrival of the Spaniards and, up to a year, foresaw the return of the “white gods”, who many centuries ago brought them civilization and then sailed to the east.
What also amazed the Spaniards and still amazes us is the Indians’ use of words from the ancient languages of the Old World. So, for example, in the Aztec Nahuatl language there is the word teoacilli (TeosaSh), meaning “house of the gods,” and in Greek - theou calia (theou calia) - “god’s house.” Another Nahuatl word, tepee, meaning “elevation,” sounds almost like tehe, “elevation” in Turkic languages. The Indian "Potomac" (a river in the USA) and numerous names of other rivers starting with "pot" are reminiscent of the distant Greek potomos - "river". There are too many such transatlantic linguistic similarities to be considered accidental. Here are a few more examples among hundreds of others:
The list of such similarities can be continued. It certainly rules out any chance. These words were carried overseas by people. We don't know how long ago or in what way. It is generally believed that this was done by Asian hunter-gatherers who migrated from Siberia, perhaps 50 thousand years ago. The oldest human skeletal remains in the United States date back to the 40th millennium BC. The advance of the tribes through the Bering Strait to Alaska, and then through the lands of what is now Canada, the United States, Mexico, Central America to Peru, Chile, Argentina and Tierra del Fuego, lasted millennia, and during this time, deserts, mountains, jungles and prairies were overcome, Hundreds of generations have passed. Well, let’s say that the average life expectancy of people of those times was 25 years - this means that in 1 thousand years - 40 generations, and in 40 thousand years - about 1600 generations. This is so much that that ancient living speech has completely changed, forming the current mosaic of almost radically different Indian languages.
It is difficult to agree that some Siberian tribe 40 thousand years ago used the word meo (leo), “holy”, and it was brought to the Aztecs, and then to the Greeks, and at the same time did not change for 1600 generations... But the word bal (bal) “axe”, in Sumer and among the Araucanians three-quarters of the way around the Earth? Oh, and unlikely.
The ethnic composition of the peoples of America suggests another solution. Although in general the inhabitants of the New World undoubtedly have Asian features, there are, however, islands of races with Negroid and Indo-European ethnic properties, and their presence cannot in any way be explained by Siberian migration. They and their languages reached America from the Old World by a different route.
The mysteries don't end there. A prominent Sanskrit scholar, at my request, analyzed some Nahuatl words with which I associate biochemical meanings. And what happened? They have Sanskrit roots and have the same meaning as in Mexico!
For example, the name of the sign ollin ("movement") in its usual, everyday meaning symbolizes a double chromosome. In Vedic Sanskrit, the root “il” (I) actually means “to move”, “to move”, but also “to speak”! Hence, illin is “endowed with movement and speech,” that is, “information”! And those two sticks that are drawn in the sign of a cell actually carry genetic information and “move from cell to cell.”
There is too little space here to consider this problem in more detail, so I will only remind you that the Americas abound in names that undoubtedly come from Vedic Sanskrit - "the speech of the gods." But how is this possible if Sanskrit appeared in records 3.5 thousand years ago, and Asian languages “penetrated” into America 10, 20, 30 centuries earlier? Only one answer suggests itself: someone taught the peoples in America, and in India, and in the Middle East, and in the region of the Pillars of Hercules. And he carried out his mission by the closest route - the Atlantic. This “someone” disappeared from the face of the Earth along with his country.
Now let's move on to direct evidence of the existence of Atlantis. They were deep-sea discoveries made recently thanks to the development of diving technology and underwater research. On the sea shelf of the Azores, Canary Islands, Bahamas and Bermuda, scuba divers discovered and photographed numerous stone walls, platforms and stairs laid by human hands thousands of years ago.
About 300 miles west of Gibraltar lies an underwater ridge of sunken mountains, rising 5 kilometers above the surrounding depths and not reaching about 200 meters from the surface of the water. Located in a semicircle, they were called “Horseshoe”.
This Horseshoe attracts a lot of attention from numerous sea researchers. Expeditions under different flags took geological samples of the bottom, benthic flora and fauna there, which brought interesting results.
Researchers were amazed to discover specific “wrinkles” in the bottom at a depth of several hundred meters. These are sand banks, the surface of which is covered with small wavy wrinkles that form exclusively in coastal areas, where sea waves run onto the shore and roll off it in powerful currents, carrying sand particles. Cliffs were also discovered - coastal cliffs washed away by the surf. Thus, irrefutable evidence was obtained that entire areas of the Horseshoe were once dry land.
But the real sensation was the photographs of the sunken Ampere plateau, lying about 70 meters below the surface of the water. They were made by a Soviet oceanographic expedition on the research vessel Akademik Petrovsky in January 1974. Its participant, V.I. Marakuev, a specialist in underwater photography, among thousands of photographs of the bottom “caught” those that turned out to be so sensational that the word “Atlantis” immediately hit the front pages of newspapers around the world.
One of the photographs shows a fragment of a wall about one and a half meters high and about two meters long, made of stone blocks connected by a bunch. On the other there is the same wall from above. The photograph allows you to determine the wall thickness of approximately 0.75 meters, as well as see the seams connecting the treated blocks. The third photograph shows five steps, partly filled with lava, and the fourth shows a stone platform made of flat slabs.
In the light of these and many other finds, today it is no longer possible to deny that the Atlantic hides the remains of some kind of human civilization. The most ancient legends about the “people of the sea” and their buildings received serious confirmation in reality.
Geologists who took bottom samples in subsequent years various parts The Atlantic, collected a whole collection of volcanic rocks, which, without any doubt, solidified and crystallized in the atmosphere, outside the waters. Their age does not exceed 15 thousand years. So it can be considered proven that at that time large areas of the Atlantic Ocean floor were the earth's surface.
Wegener's theory of continental drift gives us further evidence. The coasts of the Old and New Worlds, which once formed a single whole, are visually linked on the map. The eastern shores of Brazil and Argentina correspond to the western shores of Africa. Greenland stretches towards Norway, Florida - towards Liberia. There is also geological correspondence on both sides of the ocean. Everything is in place here. With one exception: a piece of this mosaic that is supposed to be in the southern part of the North Atlantic has disappeared. But that's where he is. Only underwater! And in the very place where most legends would stop Atlantis.
Nature also remembers her. Birds remember. Sailors and fishermen report a striking phenomenon observed south of the Azores. It turns out that migratory birds, during winter migrations from Europe to South America, begin to circle here so low above the sea, as if they were looking for places to land. Not finding land, they fly further, but many weakened birds land on the water. This is repeated here in the spring, during the return flight. It seems that the birds are instinctively looking for the land on which flocks rested thousands of years ago.
It's a similar story with butterflies. A species of carpida, which lives on the northern coast of South America, seems to “remember” some land that once protruded from the waters northwest of Guyana. Every year, the males of this butterfly undertake a massive flight into the ocean and there they settle on the water in whole clouds.
As for the possibility of sinking vast areas of land to significant depths, much has become clear in recent years. Familiarity with the features of the seabed, the movement of continental plates, as well as the “programming” of probable collisions in ancient times of the globe with giant cosmic bodies allows us today to scientifically substantiate several reliable hypotheses for the immersion of Atlantis in the ocean. One of them, which takes into account an extremely large amount of data from various fields and is based on solid chronology and calculations, was developed by Dr. Emilio Spendicato, a physicist and professor at the University of Bergamo in Italy - materials on it were kindly provided to me by Dr. Jan Golubiec from the Polish Academy of Sciences.
This hypothesis considers the catastrophic disappearance of Atlantis as reported by Plato. In particular, it is largely confirmed by satellite photography of craters that appeared as a result of collisions of the earth with large meteorites; some craters (for example, in Brazil, which are 220 million years old) have a diameter of several tens of kilometers. The crater in Canada (Labrador Peninsula) became the Manicouagan Reservoir; its size is comparable to the Copernicus crater on the Moon. There are, of course, many more similar craters at the bottom of the oceans.
Such collisions should have led to innumerable long-term consequences on Earth: colossal geological, gravitational and magnetic disturbances, climate changes catastrophic for the planet.
According to Plato, the death of Atlantis occurred 9 thousand years before him, that is, about 11.5 thousand years ago, counting from our time. Professor Spendicato became interested in what happened during that period throughout the planet. And what? It was then that the last glaciation on Earth ended. The scientist calculated that a meteorite with a diameter of about 1.4 kilometers and a density of 3.3 grams per cubic centimeter crashed into the Earth in the Atlantic region, near the great island, at a speed of 25 kilometers per second. The energy released was equivalent to the explosion of a million megaton hydrogen bombs. Even at a distance of 10 thousand kilometers from the impact site, the temperature rose by 30 degrees, and winds blew at a speed of 100 kilometers per hour for 14 hours.
As a result of this collision, a crater 6 kilometers deep and 15 kilometers in diameter was formed. Since the ocean was not as deep then as it is now, a crater appeared at its bottom and an earthquake occurred, most likely causing the release of liquid magma. Then the instantaneous filling of the colossal crater with water thrown out and falling back formed a gigantic wave of a kilometer height, which even at a distance of 1 thousand kilometers went like a 100-meter wall. The thermal shock led to the explosive evaporation of huge masses of water, saturation of the atmosphere and long-term rainfall throughout the Earth. The result was the biblical flood, about which many peoples of the world still have legends. Due to the greenhouse effect, the temperature on the planet has risen so much that the rapid melting of glaciers has begun and, as a result, the level of the World Ocean has risen by about 120 meters.
