As practice shows, build Vacation home─a rather expensive activity. In order to reduce costs, many owners decide to cover the roof of the building with their own hands. IN Lately The use of profiled sheets for roofing is considered extremely popular.
By definition, corrugated sheeting is considered universal construction raw materials. Similar products roofs are covered, walls and floors are finished, temporary and permanent fences are erected from them. They have undeniable positives: reliability, durability, environmental friendliness and durability. Profiled sheets do not require periodic painting, since the corrugated sheets are not afraid of sunlight.
Profiled sheets are made from galvanized steel, onto the surface of which a polymer coating is applied, making the product look like slate. Today's building materials market offers potential buyers a wide range of types of corrugated sheets. They:
To create a roof, profile sheets are used that have a special groove through which moisture is removed. Taking into account possible operational, wind, snow loads, you can make engineering calculations and, based on the results obtained, select corrugated sheeting of the required thickness.
Any home owner wants the installed roof to serve its owner faithfully for many years, pleasing the eye. In light of this, Special attention is given to the climatic features of the region. Where there is increased snow cover in winter, it is advisable to opt for highly corrugated profiled sheets.
During the installation process, the profiled material, like other profile coatings, is laid with partial overlap of the sheets, the magnitude of which is determined by the overall angle of inclination of the slope.
In order to correctly lay corrugated sheets on the roof, you must adhere to the following recommendations:
In some cases, it is advisable to additionally “grab” the entire set of longitudinal and transverse joints using silicone or thiokol sealant.
No matter how complex and steep the slope may be, the canvases must be clearly laid parallel to the cornice. The latter is aligned clearly horizontally. Accuracy is monitored by overhang. The blades of adjacent sheets are fixed using one self-tapping screw. At the same time, the possibility that the decorative protective layer will be damaged is excluded.
Before installing corrugated sheets on the roof, the dimensions of the eaves overhang, determined by the height of the profile, are measured. The sections are fixed to the roof plane using self-tapping screws (self-tapping screws). For greater insulation, the fasteners are supplemented with rubber sealing washers. The upper ridge is secured with self-tapping screws through the upper “corrugations”.
While the building is in use, condensation will form under the roof. To prevent moisture from accumulating there, the roof is built in such a way that the temperature readings inside and outside coincide. This is achieved by correct installation special heat insulating and vapor barrier structural elements, as well as systems that provide proper ventilation space.
In order to extend the service life of the roof, before starting installation work, a gasket is made that prevents condensation from accumulating. Most the best option is the use of steam waterproofing membrane. The installation of the latter begins from the cornice towards the ridge. Nails with large heads are suitable for fastening the membrane.
Pieces waterproofing film overlapped. In this case, a sag of material between the rafters, several centimeters in size, is required. The overlap joints are fixed with adhesive tape.
At the top rafter legs are equipped with counter-battens, which are designed to protect the membrane from destruction during fastening of the sections. Where the gasket and the first board meet, air flow must be ensured. Ventilation openings are installed, which are located closer to the ridge.
In order for the air to escape correctly, the necessary elements are installed:
When ventilation gaps are installed, a set of wooden slats, which help remove condensation and excess moisture. Each block must be securely fixed.
When installing the profile, one nuance should be taken into account: the sheet must be positioned so that the edge of the latter passes not along the depression, but along the top. In turn, the capillary grooves should extend to the outer edge. Lifting roofing material carried out along logs with long cables.
The corrugated sheeting is laid with transverse belts, and an allowance of 10-15 cm is added on the first row. The sheets are secured using roofing screws, where the hexagonal head works in tandem with a sealing rubber gasket. When screwing in, make sure that the screw enters strictly at a right angle, without possible distortions. The screws will not stand out if their color matches the shade of the corrugated sheets. Sections are fixed at the edges of the canvases, in the middle and at the joints. In other words, each sheet requires 6 screws.
The following corrugated sheet belts are mounted with a 10-centimeter overlap. Thus, laying is carried out right up to the ridge. The second slope is laid in the same way.
To cover the roof ridge, a traditional galvanized strip (40-50 cm wide) or a special profiled sheet secured with self-tapping screws is used.
Upon completion of installation work, the roof surface is cleared of chips and debris; scratches and cuts should be carefully touched up to prevent edge corrosion from developing. After three months, it is advisable to tighten the screws, since the fasteners wooden parts may, over time, weaken.
There are several prohibitions that should be taken into account during construction and installation work related to laying roofing from corrugated sheets. So:
It is strictly forbidden to cut corrugated sheets using a grinder, because high temperatures can lead to the destruction of polymer coatings (as well as zinc). As a result, rapid corrosion can quickly develop. Metal scissors are only allowed to cut sheets longitudinally.
If the profiled sheets need to be divided, then you will have to use cutting electric scissors or a jigsaw.
Reflections on the topic of how to attach corrugated sheets to the roof are relevant not only when completely replacing the roof. This material It also allows partial renovation of the roof of the house; it is characterized by good maintainability and long-term quality.
Country, country, etc. individual construction can not be classified as cheap pleasures. The use of modern profiled sheets allows you to significantly save on responsible repair stage– in progress roofing works. This savings concerns both the cost of the material itself and the possibility of its self-installation. Compared to metal tiles, profiled sheets are 2-3 times cheaper, the coating is made of natural tiles will cost even more. In addition to financial advantages, factory roofing materials from sheet metal have other advantages:
Profiled sheets also have characteristic disadvantages as a roofing material. Firstly, there is a risk of damage to the zinc-polymer layers during unloading, transportation or installation. Even a slight chip of the protective coating will lead to rapid corrosion. steel base under the influence of precipitation or simply from dampness. The damaged element will have to be replaced - and for this you will need to disassemble almost the entire roof; installation of corrugated sheets is carried out with a reliable overlap of the sheets on each other.
Secondly, compensation for the low cost of corrugated sheets is the so-called “drum effect”. In heavy rain, the sound of drops falling on the roof is amplified by the vibration of the sheets and can resonate with their vibrations. As a result, people on the upper floors feel as if they have been placed inside a huge drum for the duration of the festival procession - and the muscular drummers spare no effort in demonstrating their percussive skills...
The “drum effect” is compensated by insulating the roof and creating an acoustic barrier of porous materials between the rafters and the roof. But the sound comfort of natural tiles for any sheet of profiled metal remains unattainable - perhaps to a greater extent than for a state employee an exotic carnival in tropical latitudes.
The site’s site masters have prepared a special calculator for you. You can easily calculate required quantity roofs.
...not limited to roofing work. Metal sheeting can be used for the following renovation projects:
Before learning how to attach corrugated sheets to the roof, you can conduct a repair “experiment in miniature” by finishing with corrugated sheets yourself canopy over the door. All basic installation techniques must be used for such a small structure; mastering them will significantly help with full-scale roofing work.
A reliable and durable metal roofing in its arrangement must go through several repair stages:
Rafters for profiled sheets must have a certain degree of slope, at least 8°. In practice, this angle corresponds to a rise of 1 meter with a linear roof length of 7 meters
The greater the roof slope, the less requirements for sealing the joints between the sheets. If the roof is sloping (less than 8°), it is wiser to call professional roofers - it is very difficult to achieve tightness on your own at a small slope angle.
If the house already has a rafter frame, all damaged and questionable boards should be replaced, and the insulation and soundproofing of the roof should be completed. All movements on the roof should be thought out in advance, footrests should be provided, a mounting belt should be used, etc. – all the roofs in the world are not worth a traumatic fall.
Installing corrugated sheets on a reliable rafter system is easier than lifting the material into work area. If the installation itself is quite capable of one worker, then for the rigging stage you will need an assistant, or better yet two. It is most convenient to lift corrugated sheets onto the rafters in packs of 5-10 sheets, and this must be done carefully. Damage to the coating will lead to rapid development of crevice corrosion in the metal. You can secure stacks of sheets using individual bars or several slats.
Roofing with profiled sheets always starts from the bottom up, from the overhang to the ridge, from the visible end. A thin membrane is pre-attached for protection thermal insulation layers from condensation. It is best to choose a diffusion type membrane; it is nailed to the rafter sheathing with nails with wide and flat heads. The approximate gap between the nails is 20-25 cm, make sure that their heads fit completely into the wood.
The first row of sheets is laid with an overhang of 30-50 cm above the roof overhang, the specific size depends on drainage system roof and the presence of drainage at the foundation. Even before attaching the corrugated sheet to the roof, you need to decide on the size of the overlap. Between adjacent panels it is performed for at least one full wave. If the wave of corrugated sheeting is small (up to 20 mm), and the roof is flat, the overlap between the sheets must be made into two waves. Don’t be afraid of overuse of material; reliability and moisture resistance are more important.
The joints between the sheet flooring must be sealed, and it is better to use a special tape rather than a hardening sealant. Then, if necessary, it will be possible to disassemble the roof and replace individual sheets. Fastening the corrugated sheet to rafter frame performed with self-tapping screws with sealing washers, in the amount of 6-10 screws per square meter material. First, mark a hole on the sheet with a dowel, then drill it with a drill, after which a screw is screwed in.
Adjacent rows of profiled sheets are offset in height by, on average, half their end size. They cut the sheets with a sharp hacksaw for metal, and on the ground - cutting on shaky rafters is unsafe. The overlap between rows is limited by the roof slope. On a flat roof the overlap is greater (up to 30 cm), on a steep slope (more than 20°) 10 cm is sufficient. Careful sealing of horizontal joints with the same tape is required. Screws for such joints are screwed into each recess of the deflection, that is, “through the wave.” If the rubber washer protrudes from under the head of the screw by 1-2 mm evenly over the entire diameter, it means that it is tightened well, not loosely and without “tightening”.
Upon reaching the ridge of the roof, a crucial stage begins - water and other precipitation tend to pour from above. Having laid the last sheets, a wide end strip is mounted on top of them. It is fastened in increments of no more than 30 cm, maintaining an overlap of 10 cm between the slats themselves to drain water. Before installation, each end strip is carefully inspected for the integrity of the coating - leakage from the roof ridge is diagnosed with great difficulty and can appear at a great distance from the defective element. The last to be installed are the cornice and ridge strips for design design new roof.
Corrugated sheeting as a roofing material is everywhere replacing the usual asbestos-cement one. This is not surprising - the material is much more practical, cheaper, lighter, easier to install, and simply more attractive in appearance. If the profiles are chosen correctly, that's all installation work carried out in accordance with the technological recommendations of the manufacturers, then in terms of reliability such roofing is in no way inferior to other types of coatings. And some shortcomings are more than compensated for by its affordability and speed of roofing operations.
Another advantage is that any home owner can build such a roof if he has at least a little experience in construction work. It is certainly difficult to do without helpers, but with two or three people the covering can be completely installed in a matter of days. Of course, to do this, you need to understand the nuances of the main operations - how to make the correct sheathing and how to properly attach corrugated sheeting to the roof with self-tapping screws. These are the questions that will be key in this publication.
So, what is corrugated sheeting? This term is commonly understood as profiled metal sheets, most often made from thin (up to 1 mm) sheet steel, widely used to create various enclosing structures in various fields of construction. There are also products made of aluminum or even copper, but this is a very expensive pleasure, and there is hardly any need to consider them. Moreover, the principle of performing roofing work does not really depend on the material of manufacture.
The durability of coatings depends not only on the quality of the material used, but also on the method of its installation. If you select the correct fasteners to install the corrugated sheet and then use them to secure it correctly to the sheathing, the resulting structure will be durable.
Currently, a wide variety of hardware is used as fasteners for corrugated sheets, each of which has an individual installation method and has a certain strength. Besides different material In manufacturing, they primarily differ in their designs, which is the main factor when choosing a specific fastener for use for certain purposes. Today, the hardware industry produces such types of fasteners for corrugated sheets as all kinds of rivets, roofing nails, self-tapping screws, dowels and screws. Moreover, in order to perform the fastening correctly, you should use only fasteners specially designed for this purpose. The use of other types of fasteners can lead to poor-quality installation of corrugated sheets, which will greatly reduce the service life of the roof or fence.
When fastening corrugated sheets to metal purlins, self-tapping screws and rivets are used. The most common fastening element is a self-tapping screw (including when attaching to a wooden sheathing). It is convenient because, unlike a rivet, its installation does not require pre-drilling a hole. This is possible thanks to the design of the self-tapping screw - the tip of its working screw part is pointed and acts as a drill. To install a rivet, you must first drill a hole, and before that, pre-core the corrugated sheet (for precision drilling of the hole), which leads to its deformation and damage to the protective coating on it. Another good thing about a self-tapping screw is that its installation, unlike a rivet, can be carried out without special tool, is simpler and practically does not require special skills. In addition, in case of dismantling, it is very easy to unscrew the self-tapping screw and the hardware may still be suitable for further use, but riveting the rivet is associated with certain difficulties and invariably leads to damage to the corrugated sheet and destruction of the hardware.
The above-mentioned features of the use of rivets have determined a narrower scope of application for fastening corrugated sheets by riveting than for self-tapping screws. This method is relevant only in cases where, for some reason, other methods cannot be used. For example, rivets are indispensable when fastening corrugated sheets to metal frame or purlins made of pipes, angles or in the form of hollow welded structures. In this case, only riveting ensures the highest quality and fastest installation of corrugated sheets. This led to wide application rivets in the construction of fences, where various types of materials are used as posts metallic profile.
When installing with self-tapping screws, you should use roofing ones with a rubber gasket. The corrugated sheeting is attached to the purlins in the lower wave. This makes it possible to ensure a tight fit, and in the case of wall or roof cladding, it also reduces the likelihood of leakage at the installation site of the fastener to a minimum. It is necessary to lay profiled sheets with an overlap of 1–2 waves in a row, and on the walls and roof also 10–20 cm between rows. At the point of overlap, the corrugated sheets are connected to each other. If this happens along the upper wave, it is usually with rivets.
Can be performed in both horizontal and vertical directions. In the lower and upper parts of the roof (wall), the sheets are attached to the sheathing in each lower wave, and for the rest it is allowed - after 1 or 2 waves. The number of fasteners for corrugated sheets in the latter case is approximately 6–8 pieces per 1 m2. When fastening in the lower and upper parts, the number of hardware is determined by the length of the wall or roof edge and the wave frequency of the corrugated sheet.
The profiler needs to be mounted approximately 10 cm from the ground. The frequency of the fence attachment should be no more than two waves. The amount of fasteners depends on the height of the fence.
After installing the corrugated sheeting, it is necessary to remove the chips formed during drilling or installing self-tapping screws. Otherwise corrosion metal shavings may cause destruction of the protective layer of sheets.
To screw in self-tapping screws, you cannot use drills without a torque and rotation speed regulator. When attaching corrugated sheets to metal purlins, the rotation speed of the screwdriver chuck should not exceed 1500 rpm. Self-tapping screws should be installed before screwing in and then screwed in perpendicular to the surface of the corrugated sheet.
The use of self-tapping screws without pre-drilling holes is only possible for metal purlins with profile thickness up to 2 mm.
When constructing a fence, they use self-tapping screws for corrugated sheets of larger diameter, since they have to work under conditions of increased load created by the wind, and mainly under tension. In the case of installing corrugated sheeting on the roof, the self-tapping screw mainly works in shear, so it is permissible to get by with products of a smaller diameter.
The corrugated sheet is attached to the sheathing or to another corrugated sheet with rivets using a special construction hand gun (rivet gun) after pre-drilling the holes. More recently, the process of joining parts by riveting was quite complicated, as it required a simultaneous enormous impact force from both ends of the fastener (from each of the products being connected). Modern rivets and riveting tools provide strong and reliable fastening by performing the installation operation only on one side, at the location of the connection. The folding of the corrugated sheet fastener and the formation of its head is carried out when the rivet is pulled into the gun. With this fastening method, there is no need to drill through a hollow metal profile (pipes, squares, etc.) - it is enough to drill only one of its walls (from the installation side).
It is very important to choose the right rivets. In this case, first of all, you should take into account the weight (thickness) of the corrugated sheet, because the selection of the diameter of the hardware and the material from which the fasteners should be made depend on this characteristic. The larger the diameter of the rivet, the more durable and reliable the fastening can be made with its help. These fasteners are made from galvanized steel and aluminum. The produced rivets are divided into types according to the type of flange:
In order to correctly fasten corrugated sheets, it is also necessary to select rivets according to their length. Before flaring, after installation in the prepared hole, the end of their rod should protrude approximately 10 mm above the attachment point. A shorter length will not allow you to create a sufficiently strong and reliable floating element (cap), and a larger length will lead to the flaring of the end occurring above the surface of the material being joined (there will be no rigid fixation of the corrugated sheet to the sheathing). Therefore, in order to choose the right rivet length, it is necessary to take into account the total thickness of the materials being fastened.
When choosing rivets, also pay attention to their color so that it matches the profile sheet. This allows the joint to be inconspicuous and thus significantly improves aesthetics. appearance roofing, fencing or other structures.
Construction of a fence from corrugated board requires certain skills and experience. If we divide the process of installing a fence made of corrugated sheets into several stages, the most difficult of them include the construction of foundations and the installation of fence posts. The subsequent steps are much easier to complete.
If the fence posts have already been installed, and the foundations of the fence have gained the necessary strength, you can begin installing horizontal purlins (they are also called logs) for attaching the profiled metal sheet.
The number of rows of horizontal purlins is determined by the height of the fence. After all, the greater the height of the fence, the greater the wind load it will have to withstand during operation. For a fence with a height of 1.6-1.8 m, it is enough to install logs in two rows; for a higher height, three rows of purlins are already required.
How to attach a corrugated sheet to a fence with self-tapping screws - in places where there is an overlap, the screws are screwed into each wave
Installation of purlins must be carried out strictly horizontally. Therefore, when installing them it is necessary to use water or laser level. The only difficulty in installing joists is that it is better to attach them to the fence supports using electric welding.
After installing the horizontal purlins, you can begin attaching the corrugated sheet to the fence. Before attaching the corrugated sheets to the fence, it is necessary to mark the installation of the profiled sheets.
To do this, at a height of 10-15 cm from the ground level, a thin nylon cord is pulled strictly horizontally between the fence posts. This height is enough so that minor unevenness in the soil does not interfere with the installation of corrugated sheeting.
It is best to use the fasteners for a fence made of corrugated sheets that are used when installing roofing coverings made of corrugated sheets. Roofing screws are made of especially strong steel grade C1022. Their surface has a reliable zinc protective covering, thickness not less than 12.5 microns.
Fasteners for a fence made of corrugated sheets - roofing screw
In addition, roofing fasteners for metal profiled sheets differ from conventional metal screws with a press washer in the presence of a special sealing gasket made of neoprene rubber. This gasket is necessary to create a seal at the point where the roofing covering is attached to the sheathing of the rafter system.
When installing a fence, such tightness at the point where the profile is attached to the guides is not necessary. But moisture getting under the head of the screw can cause premature corrosion of the edges of the hole in the corrugated sheet.
This can lead to streaks of rust appearing on the surface of the fence. Even when using roofing screws with rubber washers, it is recommended to process the edges of the holes in the corrugated sheet by special means, preventing edge corrosion.
In addition, unlike conventional metal screws, the heads of roofing screws are painted in the same colors as the corrugated sheet metal. polymer coating. This makes them completely invisible against the background of the fence.
It is best to install corrugated sheets together. While one person holds the bottom edge of the profiled sheet at the level of the tensioned cord, the second person uses a screwdriver to secure it to the purlin in the upper corner. After checking the horizontality, the corrugated sheeting is fixed in two or three more places.
Before attaching the corrugated sheet to the fence over the entire area, an adjacent sheet of corrugated sheeting is installed. It is better to mount it in the same way as roof covering- with an overlap in one wave. This will allow you to more accurately align the sheet vertically.
The requirements for how to attach corrugated sheeting to a fence are the same as for attaching any vertical surfaces from corrugated sheet. Self-tapping screws are installed through one wave.
Fastening corrugated sheeting to a fence - installation diagram of self-tapping screws with overlap
Despite the fact that the tip in the form of a drill allows you to screw them in without first drilling holes in the corrugated sheet, it is better not to abuse this. The fact is that a hole in a profiled sheet, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the screw, allows you to compensate for the linear expansion of the metal during sudden temperature fluctuations.
