When constructing a roof, you cannot save on materials so that there are no leaks in the future, but there should not be any excess, therefore roof calculation should be as accurate as possible.
When the house is ready, just look at its roof to determine the front. measuring work. Simple roof structures will mean easy calculations, for example, it will not be difficult to figure out how to correctly calculate a gable roof, not to mention a shed. However, more complex options are also very common. In particular, pyramidal, broken mansard or semi-hip hipped roofs will create certain difficulties for beginners. But even a multi-gable construction crowning a building can be quickly and, most importantly, correctly calculated in terms of material costs if all the necessary formulas are known.
| Sheet type | Metal profile | Necessary: |
| Sheet working size, not full size! | x cm | |
| surfaces | Add everything rectangular roof sections L= m H= m |
|
| surfaces | Add everything triangular roof sections L= m X= m |
|
| surfaces | Add everything trapezoidal roof sections L= X= M= m |
First of all, it should be remembered that no matter how many slopes the roof consists of, all surfaces are either already simple geometric shapes, or can be divided into them. Further, the roof calculation calculator requires to operate in the calculation process with such concepts as the real and effective coverage area. The first is the own dimensions of the sheet, and the second - taking into account the overlap of the row laid above. In other words, part of the material obviously needs to be subtracted, since it will overlap with other sheets. The percentage of losses depends on the slope of the slope and the characteristics of the coating (there is more waste from metal tiles than from roll material) .
The option with one or two slopes is the simplest; to calculate the dimensions, you only need to know the length of the house, the rafter leg, as well as the overhang (cornice and front). If we add and multiply everything correctly, we get the following formula: S = (L d + 2L fs) (L sn + L ks), Where L d- length end wall Houses, L fs And L ks- the length of the front and cornice overhang, respectively, and L SN- rafter leg. In other words, the calculator for calculating the roof of a house can be used without climbing out onto it, but by making all the measurements from the ground, the attic and the ladder attached to the wall. But do not forget that in this way you get the area of \u200b\u200bonly one slope, for completeness, the result must be multiplied by 2.
More complex structures usually they require measurements of the surface itself, that is, if there is no coating, then according to the finished crate, and if you need to find out how to calculate the renewal of the roof, then according to its old sheathing. Having learned the length and width of each roof plane, we draw its exact layout, after which we divide it into simple geometric shapes. For example, a half-hip consists of two trapezoids, two rectangles and four triangles. Regular polyline mansard roof on the projection will look like one large square or rectangle. The multi-forcep design will differ only big amount the above geometric shapes.
Formulas that tell you how to calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof can also be found in a school textbook, but for your convenience they will be given below. So, above we already calculated the rectangle, but that formula was made up of many parameters, but in reality it looks like S=ab, Where a And b- adjacent sides of the figure. A trapezoid can be calculated as follows: S = h(a + b)/2, Where h- height. This option is most convenient due to the fact that the sides, and, consequently, the angles between them and the base may be unequal. To determine the area of a triangle, we take the formula S = bh/2, Where b- base, and h- the height lowered on it. If at least one angle is 90 degrees, you can use the formula S=ab/2, Where a And b- skates.
Above we gave an example of the calculation complex roofing by making projections. You can go the simpler way and take the plan of the house, where the roof is displayed schematically on a plane, then determine the area and multiply by the slope factor. For example, in order to find out how many rolls are needed soft cover, based on the fact that one roll is enough for 3 square meters, the formula is taken N = SK/3. Here S is the area of the created projection, K- slope coefficient, which can be found from the table:
If you are wondering how to calculate the height of the roof, this problem can be solved using the above indicators. For example, the width of the house is 10 meters, and the angle of the rafter leg is 35 degrees. We take half the width and multiply by a slope factor of 35 degrees, we get 5. 0.79 = 3.95. This is the desired height of the skate. At the same time, if you know the angle of the slope, you must definitely choose the right material for the steepness of the slope, which can also be done using the data from the table, but already different:
For ondulin, the roofing calculator will be somewhat different, since it is known that the real area of \u200b\u200bone sheet is 1.82 square meters, but decreases due to the top and side overlap of adjacent sheets to 1.62 m 2. It is precisely with the effective value that you will have to work, calculating the ratio between the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof and the material. In other words, the number of sheets of ondulin is calculated by the formula N \u003d S to / S l, Where S to- roof area, and S l- dimensions of the material.
It is known that roofing metal is one of the most durable materials used for roof sheathing. With proper care, such a coating will last up to 50 years or even more in conditions of moderate exposure to climatic factors. To calculate how much metal tiles are needed, you need to find out its dimensions, and, having solved the problem of how to calculate the size of the roof, proceed to determining the number of sheets of material. However, both stages can be combined. For this we use the formula N \u003d (L ck / V l) (V ck / L l), Where Lck- slope length, V l- sheet width in ck- slope width, and L l- sheet length.
For any calculations, the length of the slope must be taken taking into account the eaves and minus the ridge lining.
There are other tasks besides how to calculate the roof, for example, you need to determine other elements necessary for roof sheathing. In particular, you will need valleys, skates, elements of overhangs and cornices. It is no longer necessary to determine their number in square, but in running meters, taking into account overlaps, which are usually 10-15%. Also, do not forget about fasteners, such as or long self-tapping screws, which require at least 9 pieces per sheet of material. As for waterproofing, one roll is usually enough for 75 square meters roof, taking into account overlaps, this number will be reduced by approximately 15%. Thus, the roof area must be divided by 63.75 to find out how many rolls of waterproofing you need.
Introducing the Free Calculation Calculator gable roof. Online calculation of the crate, the angle of the rafters and the required amount of materials.
Specify roofing material:
Select a material from the list -- Slate (wavy asbestos cement sheets): Medium profile (11 kg/m2) Slate (corrugated asbestos-cement sheets): Reinforced profile(13 kg/m2) Corrugated cellulose-bitumen sheets (6 kg/m2) Bituminous (soft, flexible) tiles (15 kg/m2) Galvanized sheet (6.5 kg/m2) Sheet steel (8 kg/m2) Ceramic tiles(50 kg/m2) Cement-sand tiles(70 kg/m2) Metal tile, corrugated board (5 kg/m2) Keramoplast (5.5 kg/m2) Seam roof (6 kg/m2) Polymer-sand tile (25 kg/m2) Ondulin (euro slate) (4 kg/ m2) Composite tiles (7 kg/m2) Natural slate (40 kg/m2) Specify the weight of 1 square meter of coating (? kg/m2)
kg/m2
Enter roof parameters:
Base Width A (cm)
Base length D (cm)
Lift height B (cm)
Length of side overhangs C (cm)
Front and rear overhang length E (cm)
Rafter:
Rafter pitch (cm)
Type of wood for rafters (cm)
Working section of the side rafter (optional) (cm) ">
Lathing calculation:
Purlin board width (cm)
Lathing board thickness (cm)
Distance between decking boards
F(cm)
Snow load calculation:
Select your region using the map below
1 (80/56 kg/m2) 2 (120/84 kg/m2) 3 (180/126 kg/m2) 4 (240/168 kg/m2) 5 (320/224 kg/m2) 6 (400/280 kg/m2) 7 (480/336 kg/m2) 8 (560/392 kg/m2)
Wind load calculation:
Ia I II III IV V VI VII
Height to building ridge
5 m from 5 m to 10 m from 10 m
Terrain type
Open area Closed area Urban areas
Roof pitch: 0 degrees.
Tilt angle suitable for this material.
The angle of inclination for this material is desirable to increase!
It is desirable to reduce the angle of inclination for this material!
Roof surface area: 0 m2.
Approximate weight roofing material: 0 kg.
Number of rolls insulating material with 10% overlap (1x15 m): 0 rolls.
Rafter:
Load on the truss system: 0 kg/m2.
Rafter length: 0 cm
Number of rafters: 0 pcs
Lathing:
Number of rows of lathing (for the entire roof): 0 rows.
Uniform distance between the boards of the crate: 0 cm
The number of boards of the crate with a standard length of 6 meters: 0 pcs
Volume of boards of an obreshetka: 0 m 3 .
Approximate weight of the boards of the crate: 0 kg.
The online calculator for a gable (two-pitch) roof will help you calculate the angle of the slope, the size and number of rafters, the number of battens, and the volume the right materials in online mode. Such common roofing materials as metal tiles, slate, ondulin, tiles made of ceramics, bitumen, cement and other materials are pre-made in the calculation base.
Note! Calculations are made on the basis of SNiP "Loads and Impacts" and TCP 45-5.05-146-2009, taking into account the standards contained in these documents.
Gable roof (there are also spellings "gable roof", " gable roof”) - a variant of the roof with two slopes going from the ridge to the outer walls of the building. Today it is the most common type of roofs, due to the ease of execution, low cost and attractive appearance.
The rafters in the construction of such a roof in pairs lean against each other and are connected by a crate. The end sides of a structure with such a roof are triangular in shape and are called pediments (sometimes tongs). Usually, an attic is arranged under a gable roof, and small attic windows are made on the gables for lighting.
When filling out the fields of the calculator, pay attention to the icon " Additional Information» , under which explanations for each item are hidden.
The calculation results are also accompanied by explanations, which you can find below.
This is the name of the angle at which the slope and rafters are inclined to the plane of the ceiling. The calculations are made taking into account the fact that it is planned to build a symmetrical gable roof. By entering an angle, you can not only calculate right amount materials for a given angle, but also to check if it is possible to build a roof at this angle from the materials you have chosen. You can reduce or increase the angle by changing the width of the base or the height of the lift: these parameters are tightly interconnected.
The total area of the roof slopes, including the area of overhangs of a given length. Determines the amount of roofing and subroofing material required in the construction of the roof.
The estimated total weight of the roofing material.
The required amount of roofing material, taking into account the required overlap of 10%. In calculations, we proceed from rolls 15 meters long and 1 meter wide.
The maximum possible load, taking into account wind and snow loads attributable to the rafters.
Rafters are measured from the base of the slope to the ridge of the roof.
The total number of rafters required for truss system roofs at a given pitch.
To provide the roof with sufficient strength, it is necessary to choose rafters with the section options proposed here.
With the parameters you set, you will need given quantity rows of crates. If you need to determine the number of rows for one slope, then given value must be divided by 2.
To eliminate the overspending of materials and save yourself from unnecessary trimming work, you need to choose a given distance between the boards of the crate.
The number of boards required for the sheathing of the entire roof (in cubic meters).
X- house width
Y- roof height
C- overhang size
B- roof length
Y2- additional height
X2- additional width
The program works in two modes: in the mode of a simple gable roof and a roof with two side gables (side roofs), type 1 and type 2.
Attention! If you have a roof with one side gable, then for the calculation use type 1 first, then type 2. And from the data obtained, calculate the amount building materials: rafters, lathing boards, roofing and sheet materials.
Otherwise, there may be an error in the calculation. After all, the program takes into account cutouts in the main roof under the roofs of the side gables.
In the calculation, you will see several numbers: the size or volume of the building material of half the roof and in brackets - full size or volume.
In counting additional roof- full size and volume, and two numbers in brackets: size and volume of one and two additional roofs.
Attention! When calculating sheet roofing material, consider what the program calculates by the roof area.
For example, 2.8 rows multiplies 7.7 sheets per row. In real construction, 3 rows are laid.
For a more accurate calculation of the number of roofing sheets, it is necessary to reduce the height of the sheet in the calculation until an integer number of rows is obtained.
Don't forget to set the amount of overlap more precisely.
When calculating the material volume of the main roof rafters, in type 2 mode, the program does not take into account the cutout for the side gable. This is due to some implementation difficulties in the program.
Maybe I will solve it in the future.
However, excess rafter material is unlikely to disappear or make some adjustments to your calculations.
There will also be a separate program for a more intelligent calculation of sheet roofing materials.
And do not forget that you need to buy building materials with some margin for waste.
A gable roof is a complex, large area building construction requiring a professional approach to the design and execution of work. The biggest costs go to building materials for rafters, battens, insulation, waterproofing, roofing material. Our calculator gable roof will allow you to calculate the amount of material.
Using a calculator saves roof design time and money. The final 2D drawing will guide the work, while the 3D visualization will give you an idea of what the roof will look like. Before entering data into online calculator, you need to have an idea about the elements of the roof.
To calculate the truss system of a gable roof, you need to consider:
Important! The distance between the rafters of a gable roof is usually set to 1 m, but with a roof slope of more than 45 degrees, the pitch of the rafters can be increased to 1.4 m. With flat roofs, the pitch is 0.6-0.8 m.
Rafter legs are attached to the Mauerlat, which runs along the perimeter of the house. For him, either a board with parameters 50x150 mm, or a bar 150x150 mm (for load distribution) is taken
For a metal tile, a sparse crate is created with a board, the width of which is 100 mm, and the thickness is 30 mm. The board is stuffed with a step that should correspond to the longitudinal axis of the metal tile module - 35 cm (supermonterrey).
For shingles the crate is carried out with a large step, since OSB or plywood will be laid on top of it with a continuous carpet.
Important! When choosing materials, pay attention to indicators of moisture resistance and minimum thickness.
On device warm roofs between the waterproofing and the roof, a counter-lattice is made with a bar, the thickness of which should be 30-50mm.
One of the most important components of any building is its roof.
It not only protects the wall of the house and its inner space, but also performs the most important decorative function.
No matter how beautiful the walls of the house are, without a beautiful elegant roof finished appearance will not work.
It depends on the shape of the roof how whole and aesthetically your building will look as a whole.
Therefore, before proceeding with the installation of the roof, it is very important to do correct calculations, simulate the parameters of the roof and its appearance.
And at the same time, a very large number of parameters should be taken into account.
Roof height is influenced by several main factors:
Roofs of houses exist:
And each type has its own calculation procedure.
After all, roof structures, for all their seeming similarity, differ significantly from one another.
Naturally, the simplest is the calculation of a lean-to.
Although the calculation of a gable roof cannot be called difficult.
With the correct calculation of the roof height, the costs of roofing and building materials will be optimal, and the design will be reliable.
The greater the slope, the higher the roof will be on your house.
For the calculation are used simple formulas from the school geometry course.
You should also measure the length and width of the building and understand what the angle of inclination will be.
The angle can have values from 11 to 30 degrees.
And it depends, first of all, on what material will be used for the installation of the roof on the house and climatic conditions.
The more snow falls during the season in the area where the house is built, the greater the angle of inclination.
There are special tables for this.
Wind loads are taken into account in the same way.
Now we perform a simple geometric calculation
The height of the skate is the leg of the triangle.
The second leg is the width of your house, divided in half.
By the way, with this calculation, you can also calculate the length of the hypotenuse.
This will be the length rafter legs your roof.
To determine the height of the ridge, it is necessary to multiply the length of the leg by the tangent of our angle of inclination.
To determine the tangents and sines, there is a ready-made table:
For example, let's calculate a gable roof.
The width of the house is 6 meters.
The house has two slopes.
The angle of inclination of the slopes is the same and equals 40 degrees.
We look at the table and find out that the tangent of 40 degrees is 0.84.
According to the formula:
6/2 x 0.84 = 2.5 meters.
The height of our roof is 2.5 meters.
Nothing complicated!
The main thing is to measure everything as accurately as possible!
Until the last centimeter.
After all, there are different roofs with four slopes.
For example:
The easiest way to calculate roofs that have slopes in the form of a regular trapezoid, a triangle, and there are no breaks on the slopes.
However, now most are hipped with a large number of slopes, shaped like a rhombus, rectangle and other geometric shapes.
Well, with the calculation of the height of a four-slope roof, it is clear - it does not differ from the calculation of the height of a gable roof.
But with other calculations it is more difficult.
Calculations should begin with drawing up a roof plan.
A tape measure is taken and all available sizes are measured.
If the roof is at different levels, then the drawing shows where what height is.
After detailed drawing compiled, the roof should be decomposed into separate geometric elements.
When calculating the roof, certain rules should be observed:
Let's take a hipped roof as an example.
Suppose that our roof consists of two regular trapezoids and two isosceles triangles.
The angle of inclination of the slopes will be 30 degrees.
We look at the plate, and find out that the cosine of such an angle is 0.87.
Trapezoidal slopes have sides of 10 and 7 meters, and a height of 3 meters.
Triangular slopes have two sides measuring 3.34 meters each, and the length of the third side is 4.8 meters.
Find the area of the trapezoid.
To do this, add the lengths of the two horizontal sides, divide by 2 and multiply by the height.
It looks like this in our particular case:
S \u003d ((10 + 7) / 2) x 3 \u003d 25.5 sq. meters.
Now we multiply the resulting number by the cosine of 30 degrees:
25.5 x 0.87 = 22.185 km. meters.
And the resulting number is rounded up.
We get 22.5 sq. meters.
Now we calculate the area of \u200b\u200btriangular slopes:
S = ((7 x 4.8) / 2) x cos 30 degrees =
16.8 x 0.87 \u003d 14.7 sq. meters.
Now all the areas must be summed up:
S total \u003d 22.5 x 2 + 14.7 x 2 \u003d 74.4 square meters. meters.
And round up.
Total 75 sq. meters.
After the roof area has become known to us, we can calculate the required amount of roofing material.
The opinion that the area of the roof in the drawing and the area of \u200b\u200bthe roofing material are equal is erroneous.
After all, it's all about the so-called "overlap".
After all, roofing material is not laid joint to joint.
An overlap is made so that the roof does not leak.
In addition, the amount of overlap for each material is different.
Therefore, the consumption of material increases.
For a simple roof, it is easy to independently calculate the amount of material required.
For example, let's calculate the amount of slate on our roof.
Let's start with the proportion:
In this proportion:
S is the area of our roof,
X is our margin of 15 percent.
After calculating the X value, we add it to our resulting area.
As a result, we get the area of our roofing material.
X \u003d 15 x 75 / 100 \u003d 11.25. Rounded up to 11.5.
The area of our roofing material
11.5 + 75 = 86.25 sq. meters.
You should be aware that when directly executed roofing works material waste may increase.
In some cases, up to 20%.
That is, a proportion is again drawn up in which the value of X is an expense.
Add the result to the area.
Knowing the area of one sheet is easy to get the right number of sheets.
Actually, the area of \u200b\u200bthese materials is equal to the area of \u200b\u200bthe slopes, to which you must definitely add 15% for the overlap of the fabrics of materials.
That is, if the area of \u200b\u200bthe slope is 40 square meters. meters, then the waterproofing area is 40 + 15% = 60 sq. meters.
With vapor barrier everything is exactly the same.
It is very easy to calculate the parameters of the roof and the amount of roofing material if the roof is of a simple shape.
But what if the shape of the roof is complex?
Or very difficult?
In fact, everything is a little easier than it seems.
Because in the age of computerization, special online calculators and programs for calculations have been invented.
An online calculator differs from a program in that it does not need to be downloaded to your computer.
You just need to go to the site and there, in a special shell, everything will be calculated for you.
Such calculators do not make complex calculations.
More complex detailed calculations are done by specialized programs.
Such programs must be downloaded and installed on your computer.
They have one drawback - most of these programs are paid.
Therefore, refresh your memory of the school geometry course and start measuring and calculating.
Well, if nothing helps, use the programs.
Developers guarantee the accuracy of calculations.
Video about construction calculator for roof calculations.
