Please tell me how to insulate the passage of a brick chimney pipe in ceiling and roof (wooden logs and beams) and what insulating materials are best to use. I have a brick oven for periodic use, and the thickness of the pipe walls is 1/2 brick. Thank you.
Hello! Proper chimney insulation not only ensures fire safety, but also reliably protects the walls of the building from shrinkage. It must be carried out in accordance with the following standards SNiP 2.04.05-91:
In practice, in places where a brick chimney passes through wooden interfloor and attic floors, when laying it, a special thickening of its outer walls is provided - fluffing.
The thickness of the fluff is taken to be one brick if the stove is heated periodically, and one and a half bricks for a long-burning stove.
According to the standards, a gap of 250-350 mm must be provided between the chimney and the edges of the opening in the ceiling. The ends of the opening are covered with two or three layers of felt or sheet asbestos cardboard 10 mm thick and plastered.
The simplest, but most labor-intensive method of insulating a brick pipe directly is plastering with cement-lime-slag mortar. To do this, you need to install fittings on the pipe or cover it with a metal mesh and prepare a mixture of cement, lime and sifted slag chips no larger than 55 mm. The surface of the chimney is moistened with water and a thin layer of liquid solution is sprayed onto it, and after drying, 3 to 5 layers of dough-like mass are successively applied. The final layer is carefully leveled, rubbed and painted with chalk or lime. This method reduces heat transfer by 25%.
It is much more effective, almost half, to reduce heat transfer if you insulate a brick chimney with asbestos-cement slabs 40 mm thick. On the surface of the pipe reinforced with metal mesh or wire, the slabs are fixed with cement-lime mortar. In addition to significantly reducing heat transfer, this technique increases the density of the chimney surface and reliably protects it from destruction.
In conclusion, a few tips for efficient operation of the chimney:
Stove heating is not at all uncommon in private construction, because gas pipelines do not always reach places quite remote from the city, not to mention centralized heating. But even if they have a heating system with a gas or solid fuel boiler, many homeowners do not deny themselves the pleasure of making a fireplace. This work involves the need to remove the chimney through the roof and install a pipe.
To ensure that the stove or fireplace does not create problems during operation, the chimney must be insulated ( chimney).
The smoke exhaust system is constantly exposed to high temperatures. It is also affected chemically active substances and various external factors. As a result, the integrity of the chimney is threatened, the efficiency of its operation decreases, and prerequisites for shrinkage of the walls of the house appear.
Cracks or gaps formed on the surface can cause poor traction and, as a result, cases of poisoning are possible carbon monoxide. Cases of fires due to soot combustion are also not uncommon.
To operate the chimney safely and efficiently, as well as to extend its service life, several operations must be performed. One of them is chimney insulation.
Chimney insulation allows you to protect it from two main destructive influences:
That's why we'll focus on
As a rule, complex isolation is carried out. In fact, in addition to solving only the main problems, the operating conditions of the smoke exhaust system are also improved. Eg,
IN modern construction Most often, brick or metal chimneys are installed. The choice of insulation method is mainly determined by the material of the chimneys.
On a note
The chimney structure can be made easier by finishing the brick structure with metal or ceramic pipe. Then, for their thermal insulation, a technology is used that will be described below. This approach also saves money.
The waterproofing technology is mainly selected depending on the shape of the chimney and the roofing material. For example, for products round section a roof trim made of metal or polymers is required; with a rectangular cross-section, a metal apron is used, as well as abutment strips.
It must be taken into account that the larger the cross-section of the pipe and the distance to ridge beam, the more difficult the operating conditions will be. The larger volume of water from precipitation and the excessive load from accumulated snow in winter create an increased risk of leaks. Accordingly, to waterproofing in in this case have increased demands.
Let's sort it out various options insulation for chimneys, how and with what to insulate.
The most affordable option for insulating a pipe through the roof , Let's say, in the bathhouse - plastering. To do this, use solutions of cement or cement with the addition of lime. As an option for a solution from 1 bag (25 kg) of cement, take the following materials (in buckets):
At high outside temperatures, the resulting composition sets within one to two hours, and in cool weather – within 5 hours. Therefore, it is recommended to prepare the plastering solution in parts.
To ensure that the layer of plaster is not too thick, you first need to seal the cracks. Then, after leveling the differences on the surface, the walls are covered with a reinforcing mesh.
The plaster is applied in 2 layers.
This method allows you to save twice as much heat. The essence of it is in the decoration brick walls channel with asbestos cement slabs. Gluing is carried out on a plastering solution, which is prepared using the above technology.
On a note
Considering the lack of environmental friendliness of asbestos, this method of chimney insulation is more suitable for cold attics. It allows you to partially balance the thermal conditions inside and outside the pipe, which significantly reduces the formation of condensation, as well as improves fire protection.
Sheet iron can be used to finish brick structures. This type of cladding is done over a layer of insulation.
A single metal pipe not protected by insulation is the most dangerous option from a fire point of view. In addition, it does not conserve heat well, given the high thermal conductivity of the metal. Between it and structures made of wood and plastic, you need to maintain a distance of at least 60 cm. But even then you can get burned if you accidentally touch it. Therefore, the issue of isolation still remains relevant.
The simplest insulation method in such a case is to create a multilayer sandwich structure.
On a note
The isolation process is continued, repeating the procedure the required number of times. In this case, the next sheet is laid overlapping, securing its lower edge.
The sections of smoke ducts where they pass through the ceiling are perhaps the most critical, and therefore require special attention. This event is mandatory when installing any type of chimney. It involves the construction of a box.
When performing passes, the following conditions are observed:
Even if insulated, the chimney also needs to be properly maintained. In particular, it must be cleaned of soot at least three times during the year, the furnace firebox must be cleared of ash in a timely manner, and materials intended exclusively for these purposes must be used for the firebox.
The operation of the bathhouse must be absolutely safe for humans. To prevent fires from coming into contact with a hot stove or chimney pipe, walls and ceilings, as well as hot surfaces, should be thoroughly insulated. We will tell you in detail how to insulate a chimney pipe in a sauna in this article.
As sad statistics say, during 2014, up to 70% of fires in private baths occurred due to incorrect thermal insulation of metal pipes. Therefore, to help our readers protect themselves and their guests, we will tell you about the materials, as well as the technology for insulating pipes in a bathhouse.
The favorite material for bathhouses in Russia is wood. However, it tends to be very flammable. To avoid this, people have long learned to insulate the chimney in the bathhouse, as well as the stove and all surfaces - walls, ceilings. For these purposes we used any available funds– clay, asbestos or any other non-combustible materials with a low degree of thermal conductivity.
Another argument in favor of thermal insulation of the chimney is that in this case the pipe will cool much more slowly and condensation will not accumulate in it.
It is a mistake to think that a good solution regarding how to insulate a pipe in a bathhouse would be to mount sheet iron on the ceiling. The metal can heat up very quickly, which in no way prevents fire, so it is not suitable for thermal insulation.
As an alternative to lining the pipe in the bathhouse, you can use red refractory brick. However, for such a design it is necessary to foresee the size of the room in advance, strengthen the foundation and select a design.
Among modern materials, deciding the issue on how to wrap a metal chimney pipe in a bathhouse, the following are offered on the market:
Let's look at each of them in more detail.
It is a two-layer material consisting of a heat-insulating component and foil. Thanks to the reflective layer, the room does not cool down so quickly, because up to 90% of the heat is retained inside the bath, so it is a very high-quality insulator.
Folgoizol is highly environmentally friendly, because thick food foil is used as a raw material. This material is not afraid of ultraviolet radiation and strong temperature changes - the operating range is from -65 ºС to +175 ºС. Therefore, it will be a completely worthy choice for wrapping a pipe in a bathhouse.
Note that foil insulation is often installed not only around the chimney, but also on the walls and ceiling of the steam room. It serves for high-quality vapor and waterproofing, and also insulates the bathhouse well.
The sauna, lined with foil insulation, can be compared to a thermos based on its operating principle. It heats up quickly and cools down very slowly.
One of the options for wrapping a pipe in a bathhouse is thermal insulation. For the production of thermal insulation, foamed polyethylene is used, hidden between two layers of foil, and upper layer The foil in the material is designed to protect the chimney from overheating.
Teploizol appeared on the building materials market relatively recently. The thickness of such material ranges from 2-10 mm.
Thermal insulation is easy to manipulate - you just need to wrap it around the chimney and secure it with metallized tape.
IN Lately Various manufacturers began to produce new safe sandwich pipes for baths and saunas. With such a design, there is no longer any need to worry about how to protect the pipe in the bathhouse (more details: “Advantages of a pipe for a sandwich bathhouse when building a chimney”). The design of such pipes involves quick and convenient assembly of sections inserted into each other. Moreover, it is optimal to use such pipes with an iron stove.
The sandwich pipe is a multilayer structure, inside of which there is a frame made of of stainless steel, then insulation made of mineral or basalt wool is laid, and a galvanized casing is put on top. Thanks to this structure, soot does not accumulate inside the chimney, the outer layer of metal does not experience overheating, and the entire structure looks beautiful and laconic.
However, we note that it is advisable to install sandwich pipes in dry saunas. But for traditional Russian baths with high humidity, you should choose slightly different thermal insulation options.
If a heater is installed in the bathhouse, then fire-resistant bricks are used to build the chimney. It is able to remain warm for a long time.
When building a brick chimney, you should not save, but it is advisable to approach this issue very responsibly, because its durability depends on the quality of the work performed.
In this case the best way How to isolate a pipe in a bathhouse from the ceiling, roof and other roof elements, there will be sheet metal fastening on these surfaces.
Where the chimney comes into contact with the roof and ceiling, the surfaces should be protected with asbestos sheets. On the walls near the pipe you need to fasten sheets of galvanized steel. It is not advisable to use iron in this case, since it is susceptible to corrosion.
Alternatively, you can install around the chimney protective screen, into which to pour expanded clay. He will serve as additional protection from ignition of all wooden surfaces of the bathhouse, and will also become a heat accumulator.
However, complete safety in a bathhouse cannot be achieved by insulating pipes alone. Similar actions must be performed with the stove, walls and ceiling.
Currently, bathhouses often use simple metal stoves, which are lined with sheet metal on the sides and back, and installed directly on the foundation. To ensure that heat is retained in the bathhouse for a long time and to make it presentable, the stove can be lined with red refractory bricks.
Currently, asbestos sheets are no longer used for stove insulation, since it releases toxic substances when heated.
It is advisable to use natural felt to insulate the stove. Although this material is quite different high cost, it is an excellent insulator. In addition, when a spark hits the felt, it does not flare up, but begins to smolder, so you will immediately notice the problem by the characteristic pungent odor.
When installing the stove on a wooden floor, you should first lay felt in two layers, and then lay the brick in three rows. Mount on the walls and floor around the stove sheet metal pieces 50-70 cm high.
We hope that this article was able to answer the most frequently asked questions among novice builders. Let us remind you that high-quality thermal insulation of the chimney, stove, as well as all surfaces of the bathhouse will not only keep you warm longer, but also protect yourself and your loved ones.
How to insulate a pipe in a bathhouse: how to wrap and secure a metal chimney pipe, insulation from the ceiling, how to do it in a sauna, what to wrap or cover with, photos and videos
Any private house has a stove or fireplace, as well as its own bathhouse. The chimney almost always goes to the roof of the structure. Its durability, as well as fire safety, directly depends on the correct and reliable insulation of the chimney. For this reason, the question arises: how to insulate a chimney and what material to use for insulation metal pipe? How to do this correctly with your own hands?
The issue of chimney pipe insulation often arises among owners of private houses. Such work must be performed to protect the structure from fire and destructive factors:
Experts recommend carry out such work comprehensively, using hydro- and fire-proof thermal insulation. When choosing material for insulation, first of all you need to think about the safety of your family. Living fire in indoors always carries a danger to people's lives. If you do not perform high-quality and reliable protection ceiling, it can easily ignite.
Traditionally, wood is used to build a bathhouse. It is easily flammable. Most people naively think that covering the ceiling with metal sheets can serve as protection against fire and therefore do not insulate the chimney. Metal sheets heat up and do not prevent overheating and ignition. Sometimes the chimney is insulated with red brick, but this material is not the most suitable design for a wooden bathhouse.
A large selection of modern materials allows you to choose the most suitable and reliably insulate the chimney. Some of the most sought after and popular include:
foil insulation - such material will create the effect of a thermos, since heat always remains in the room, it heats up quickly and cools down slowly;
Also for the bath red brick is used. It withstands high temperatures well and retains heat for a long time. When using red brick, the masonry must be done correctly. The lifespan of the structure will depend on its quality. It is inappropriate to save here, since the cost of repairs will cost several times more.
In the old days, people used clay and asbestos, as well as other improvised materials, to insulate the chimney in a bathhouse. natural materials. The main thing in any insulation material is poor thermal conductivity to prevent fire from high temperatures. The chimney and stove heat up very quickly and therefore it is important to properly insulate the chimney pipe in order to fire safety.
Inside the structure with insulation at the moment of heating condensation will not accumulate, which is very important. It will cool slowly, deteriorate less quickly, and its service life will be longer.
Teploizol
The article mentioned the material Teploizol and now we will dwell on its description in more detail. It's comparative the new kind insulating material. It is made from foamed polyethylene. It is hidden between two layers of foil. It withstands elevated temperatures well and is suitable for insulating chimneys. Manufacturers produce Teploizol thickness from 2 to 10 mm. The greater the thickness of the Thermal Insulation, the higher temperatures it can withstand:
The top foil layer protects the pipe from strong heat. The material is easy to work with. It is easy to work with it yourself. The pipe is wrapped with Thermal Insulation using wire or metallized tape.
Folgoizol
Folgoizol is also an excellent choice for insulating chimneys. It consists of two layers of foil and a heat insulator. Due to the reflective properties of the foil, the material can retain up to 90% heat in the bath. It ranks first in the list of similar materials. To make it, thick food foil is used. In addition to excellent insulating properties, it also has other effective properties, for example, it is not afraid of UV and high temperatures. Folgoizol can withstand temperatures from -65°C to +175°C.
Folgoizol is harmless to health, since food foil is used for its production. It is often used not only for insulating chimneys; it is also used to cover the walls and ceiling of bathhouses. It is considered an ideal insulation, hydro- and vapor barrier for saunas and baths.
Sandwich pipes
Sandwich pipes can serve as a good solution for insulating a metal chimney. Manufacturers assure that such insulation will be reliable and safe. Having installed this design , you don’t have to think about isolation. It will consist of several sections that can be easily and quickly assembled into a single whole. You can quickly assemble the entire structure and install it with your own hands. It is suitable for a metal pipe in a bathhouse or sauna with an iron stove.
By their design, sandwich tubes resemble a pie made from several layers. Inside there is a layer of stainless steel, and after that a layer of mineral wool or basalt insulation. The outside of the pipe is covered with a layer of galvanized steel. This design is modern method built-in chimney insulation in finished form. It will perform two important functions at once:
Such designs great for saunas, but for baths with brick stove you need to look for another option.
A wooden roof structure may ignite if it comes into contact with a hot pipe. To avoid a fire in the bathhouse, it is isolated. Most often, mineral wool secured with wire is used for this purpose. The top of the pipe is plastered with clay-sand mortar and covered with a layer of galvanized steel roofing. Fix it with self-tapping screws and then perform installation. Insulation helps the roof and wood floors to protection against overheating and fire. If the pipe is properly insulated and sealed, moisture will not enter the attic.
It is recommended to insulate the pipe outlet in the ceiling and roof area with asbestos sheets. They have good protection against high temperatures. The walls near the inside of the pipe are lined with galvanized metal sheets. Ordinary iron ones are not suitable for such work, as they are susceptible to corrosion. It is advisable to make a box around the pipe where it passes through the ceiling. Expanded clay is poured inside the box, which will serve as good protection against fire for the wooden floor. Expanded clay will also retain heat. Experts recommend that in addition to insulating the chimney, you should also not forget about the ceiling, walls and stove in the bathhouse.
It is recommended that before starting work on insulating a metal chimney pipe, its outer part treat with heat-resistant sealant. The special sealant can withstand temperatures up to +1000°C. The applied product will not allow insulating materials to slide on the outer surface of the metal pipe.
Insulation of a bathhouse chimney: what material to insulate a metal chimney pipe
One of the most important stages in the construction of a bathhouse is the installation of a chimney. And insulating the chimney of a bathhouse is a mandatory process during its construction, which has two goals: fire safety and corrosion protection.
If you do not make thermal insulation, then under the influence of temperature changes condensation will form, gradually flowing inside and contributing to the destruction of the structure itself.
Insulated smoke exhaust channels warm up faster, making the sauna stove work much more efficiently.
Depending on what the bath chimney is made of, they are used various materials for its thermal insulation.
There are several types of already insulated chimneys for sauna stoves, the most common of which are sandwich pipes made of stainless metal.
There are also ceramic sections that are already installed in expanded clay concrete modules.
And now about everything in more detail.
During operation of a sauna stove, its chimney becomes hot, and its inevitable close proximity to flammable materials can lead to a fire.
If the chimney pipe is made of brick, it heats up less, and if the chimney is made of metal, then much more.
Metal pipes heat up over 600 C°, and their proximity to the wooden lining of the steam room is very dangerous, especially if the bathhouse is directly adjacent to residential buildings.
The second, no less important problem is the appearance of condensation in the chimney. Condensation is the main enemy of all smoke removal systems.
This is not just moisture that forms on the walls of the chimney, but an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, which can destroy almost any material. It appears as a result of the passage of heated air through a still cold chimney.
As a result of the impact of condensation on an uninsulated brick chimney, the masonry is destroyed, since it has the ability to penetrate microcracks in the brick, and when freezing, it expands. Metal smoke ducts also suffer greatly from condensation.
Metal of ordinary brands is not resistant to acids, so it quickly becomes unusable when exposed to condensation.
The only way to combat the appearance of condensation is to insulate the smoke exhaust ducts, in which the pipe will cool less and the sauna stove will return to operating combustion mode faster.
Chimney insulation can be done using various methods using non-combustible materials.
The most common are:
The choice of insulation for insulating a chimney with your own hands must be approached carefully and seriously.
You should not buy the cheapest one, because it must have good thermal insulation properties, be easy to use, not require additional reinforcement of the load-bearing structures of the roof and ceilings, be non-toxic and non-flammable.
Stone or basalt wool is an excellent thermal insulation made from basalt stones.
This insulation can withstand prolonged exposure to fairly high temperatures and does not burn, even when in contact with an open fire. In addition, when heated, it does not emit any toxic or unpleasant odors. Such insulation can be safely called an environmentally friendly material.
Glass wool is a type of mineral wool insulation made from waste from the glass industry. Between its fibers there is a large number of voids, so it retains heat well.
Glass wool does not burn and does not absorb moisture, and, in addition, is not susceptible to rotting and rodents. It is not expensive and easy to use. Most often produced in slabs and rolls.
Teploizol or folgoizol are multifunctional types of insulation made of polyethylene foam and covered with a sheet of aluminum foil. It is produced in rolls and has a thickness from 2 to 10 mm. They can perfectly insulate the chimney of a bathhouse, since these insulation materials can withstand heating up to 150C°-170C°.
Chimney insulation using mineral, basalt or glass wool can be done in two ways: insulation under a casing or insulation of a chimney without a casing.
In order to insulate a chimney using mineral wool mats, you need to cut out several pieces of slab from them that will correspond to the sides of the pipe from the outside.
Then, using wire stitching, secure them to the chimney.
Important! There should be no voids left between the layer of thermal insulation, otherwise the insulation will lose its effectiveness.
To insulate a metal pipe, you need to wrap it with basalt wool and secure it with wire around the entire perimeter. After that, put a second pipe of larger diameter on the chimney to make a kind of sandwich.
This method of thermal insulation of chimneys is the most effective and simple, but it allows reducing heat loss by more than half, as well as significantly reducing the fire hazard and the formation of condensate in smoke exhaust systems and protecting them from destruction.
Thus, thermal insulation helps to increase thermal efficiency and safe use of stoves. At the same time, it gives the building and the structure itself a more aesthetic appearance.
Chimney insulation
Having your own Vacation home, you need to take care of warming up the rooms during the cold season. A stove or other heating system needs to install a chimney vent. The smoke exhaust pipe is the main element of heat supply communications. For its effective functioning, it is necessary to insulate the chimney from the outside.
Moisture and smoke generated during fuel combustion are aggressive factors affecting a brick chimney. The temperature difference during the cold season and the accumulated moisture settling on the walls fills microcracks with water, and stone structure is destroyed from the inside. Small ice crystals press from the inside and destroy it. An insulated chimney can eliminate this.
During the combustion process, condensate is formed on the surface of the flue, which contains a chemical series of oxides. When interacting, the elements form weak acids (carbonic, sulfuric, etc.) that can destroy the metal surface. It is for this reason that chimney insulation is necessary.
Proper installation of thermal insulation helps prevent indoor fires and prevents the roof from catching fire. Well-heated chimney pipes improve draft in the fireplace, boiler and stove, and there is less tar and soot residue left in it. The efficiency of the heating unit increases significantly.
Before answering the question - how to insulate a pipe, it is necessary to highlight the advantages of an insulated chimney.
An insulated gas outlet protects the heating system from exposure to external environment and combustion products. Of course, thermal insulation cannot completely protect the structure from destruction, but it will extend its service life. This occurs due to the following factors:
Properly selected chimney insulation increases the frost-resistant properties of the system and ensures long-term preservation appearance and increases service life, which is very important.
The main question from the owners country houses, having autonomous heating system- how to insulate a chimney. In order to reliably insulate outlets for a stove or boiler, materials with a high degree of thermal insulation are used to ensure the thermal balance of the stove pipe on the roof.
Basalt insulation
Relevant for chimney insulation using mineral wool or basalt. The insulation is obtained from the melt of volcanic rock - gabbo-basalt. It is converted into fibers, due to which the insulating material has the following advantages:
Stainless steel casing
Metal “armor” in the form of a pipe made of stainless steel is used as an insulation option. It is able to provide complete protection against mechanical damage, moisture and other aggressive factors.
The chimney casing is mounted on the chimney on the roof. The interpipe space is filled with basalt wool, the outside is covered with insulation, 5 cm thick. An asbestos chimney can be wrapped with this insulation.
Wooden shields
Wooden shields are considered one of the simple options chimney pipe insulation. Thermal insulation is made in the form of a wooden frame made of plates of the appropriate size. Slate or other flooring is fixed on top of it, from which the roof of the home is made.
After the pipe is completely covered with wood, the empty cavity is filled with felt, slag, sand, and mineral wool. Frame seams must be covered with a waterproofing compound.
Slag-reinforced concrete insulation slabs
Insulating a chimney in a private house using reinforced and slag concrete slabs ensures the smallest distance between joints on the structure. The space inside and corners are reinforced with mesh or wire, gypsum, clay and sand are poured in the form of a solution. Plaster is applied over the tile insulation.
When insulating a chimney with your own hands, we take into account that during operation of the heating boiler, the temperature in the smoke exhaust duct can reach 200 -300 degrees.
For insulation, it is better to choose a material with high heat-resistant properties: glass wool, mineral wool, basalt.
On the building materials market, thermal insulation is sold in the form of ready-made cylinders with a special foil screen. With their help, they decorate the flue and adjacent roof elements - protecting them from fire and cold air. Tubular structures are sold in different diameters, which allows you to wrap smoke outlets of different sizes.
Before insulating a chimney pipe, you need to make sure that it is installed correctly.
The gas duct is carried out in accordance with the technological standards specified in GOST 52953-2008
After making sure that the system is installed correctly, you can begin subsequent work on winding with thermal insulation.
The metal chimney pipe is insulated using various methods.
Method of insulating a steel chimney
The chimney is insulated using a special solution. The composition is prepared from a dry mixture and water. The solution is applied with a spatula to the surface, spreading over the entire area. Then a fiberglass reinforcing frame is fixed onto it, on which plaster is applied.
Chimney insulation gas boiler
Insulation for gas boiler pipes must have a number of enhanced thermal insulation and heat-resistant qualities.
Sandwich-type structures block condensation from settling on the surface, saving energy.
The sandwich chimney consists of a layer of mineral wool and two metal pipes. The upper element, with a larger diameter, is the main sleeve, the smaller one is part of the steam exhaust channel.
How to insulate such a chimney pipe with your own hands? Recommendations must be followed:
Upon completion of the work, the chimney is connected to the heating source and the surrounding riser is filled with expanded clay, clay or asbestos.
Smoke exhausts for baths
Insulating the chimney in a bathhouse is aimed at improving the heat transfer of the heating source, which is a stone stove.
You can insulate a chimney in a steam room using the following options:
Insulating a metal pipe means ensuring optimal functioning of the heating system. Correct installation of chimney insulation with your own hands allows you to increase the service life of the structure and the heat generator, and also prevents fire.
Insulating a chimney pipe: possible methods
Types of insulation of chimney structures
Fire insulation options for smoke exhaust systems
Methods for waterproofing a chimney
Chimney pipe insulation
Insulating materials for bath pipes
Plastering a pipe made of bricks
Use of asbestos cement sheets
Single Metal Pipe Insulation
Floor insulation
When building your own home, as a rule, you install a fireplace or stove. That is why the problem of chimney outlet is so urgent. Correctly and reliably insulation is important for a chimney, otherwise it is impossible to be sure of the fire safety and comfortable stay of family members in the house.
If the stove has already been laid out and the smoke exhaust structure rises above the roof of the building, this does not mean that the work on its arrangement has been successfully completed. Before using the heating unit, you still need to decide how to insulate the chimney pipe on the roof and, as a result, protect your home from leaks and fire.
It is advisable to think about this problem before drawing up a furnace design and then the insulation will be more reliable. As for a previously built chimney, such work is almost always associated with changes made to the design of the floors and roof. Regardless of the decision on how to insulate a chimney on the roof, all costs incurred will be compensated by a sense of security, and hence comfort.
The furnace pipe should be insulated against negative factors:
Therefore, when deciding how to wrap the chimney pipe, increased attention should be given to fireproof thermal insulation and waterproofing. Experts recommend performing isolation measures comprehensively. This will help solve not only the above problems, but also improve the operating conditions of the furnace unit.
For example, if a chimney laid through an unheated attic is thermally insulated, the possibility of overheating is reduced roofing elements made of wood and reduces the risk of condensation, which leads to corrosion, increased soot deposits or pipe destruction. Waterproofing the smoke exhaust structure will protect rafter system and ceilings from rotting.
The simplest and most reliable, but expensive way to insulate a chimney is to install a sandwich-type chimney made of metal or ceramics.
In such designs inner tube designed for smoke removal, is made from heat-resistant steel or ceramics, while non-flammable materials are used for its thermal insulation - mineral, stone or basalt wool (read also: “Types of heat-resistant pipes, advantages, specifications"). The outer part of the chimney sandwich is made of steel or expanded clay concrete blocks.
Kits for prefabricated chimneys include elements for fixing the structure, inspection, maintenance and for connecting heating units. Their installation is simple, but you still need to follow the instructions to ensure complete safety.
There is another option used when installing a stove unit - the construction of a brick chimney. Due to the low degree of thermal conductivity of bricks, its walls will not heat up to extremely high temperatures and, as a result, additional measures related to its insulation will not be required (for more details: “How to insulate a chimney, what insulation to use”). It will only be necessary to correctly carry out the fireproof cutting of the floors and roof.
In order to save money and reduce weight, sometimes the construction of a brick chimney is completed by installing a ceramic or metal pipe. In this case, thermal insulation is carried out according to the technology described below.
When such work is performed for single pipes, boxes made of non-combustible materials can be used. Chimneys of this type are allowed to be operated without thermal insulation, but fireproof cutting is required in accordance with the rules.
Waterproofing of chimneys should be done in the place where they lead to the roof. The further they are located from the ridge, and the larger the pipe, the more difficult the operating conditions will be.
Atmospheric precipitation, when the insulation of the chimney pipe is insufficient, begins to penetrate inside the building. As a result, leaks occur, floors rot and collapse.
The method of waterproofing, as a rule, depends on the shape of the pipe and the material from which it is made roofing. For round products, either metal or polymer cuttings are used, and for pipes with rectangular section— aprons and junction strips made of metal.
Before insulating a pipe on the roof, you should make sure that the requirements specified in SNiP 2.04.05-91 are met, and if deficiencies are found, eliminate them:
In the place where the brick chimney crosses the ceiling, a fluff 1 - 1.5 bricks thick is installed.
Since bath buildings are often built of wood, these objects require insulation of chimneys, stoves, ceilings, and walls, since this material is highly flammable. You need to think about how to protect the pipe in the bathhouse by insulating the smoke exhaust structure so that it cools more slowly and condensation does not collect on it. Read also: “How and with what to insulate a chimney pipe - the best time-tested solutions.”
It would be a mistake to decide to insulate the pipe in the bathhouse by attaching a sheet of iron to the ceiling, since it gets very hot. As an option to line the chimney, use fire-resistant red brick, but in this case you need to strengthen the foundation.
When solving the problem of how to wrap a metal chimney pipe in a bathhouse, experts highlight foil insulation and thermal insulation.
The outer surface of brick pipes heats up slightly, so they are plastered to improve operating conditions and extend service life. The most affordable option for insulating brick chimneys is plastering with a mortar using lime and cement. Instead of sand, you can add slag crumbs, previously sifted, to its composition.
The layer of plaster, when there is a lot of unevenness on the pipe, turns out to be quite thick, therefore, first it is better to seal all the existing differences and cracks on the surface with a solution, and then cover it with reinforcing mesh.
Plastering is carried out in two layers, using the entire pipe. The first time the solution is brought to the consistency of sour cream and applied by spraying and not leveled. For the next layer, the composition is made thicker. It is applied with a trowel and then rubbed until a smooth surface is obtained.
This method of insulation for chimney pipes made of bricks, such as lining the pipes with asbestos-cement materials, is several times superior to plastering in terms of heat conservation. Asbestos cement slabs are glued to outer surface using cement-lime mortar.
After preparing the composition, the smoke exhaust structure is reinforced with mesh, and the first layer is applied by spraying. When it dries, the asbestos-cement slabs are cut according to the size of the pipe. The next layer of the mixture is applied to the insulation sections and attached to the surface of the chimney.
But this method has a big drawback - asbestos contains carcinogens and therefore cannot be used in residential areas.
The most dangerous option for arranging a chimney in terms of fire safety is a pipe made of metal products that is not protected by a heat insulator. The distance between it and wooden or plastic elements must be at least 60 centimeters.
But even the presence of such a gap cannot protect against burns in case of accidental contact - for this reason, it is advisable to insulate the pipe before problems arise.
When deciding how to wrap a pipe in a bathhouse or house, if it is single, it is to use non-flammable insulation, for example, basalt wool, which is protected on top with metal or plaster. This heat insulator has a melting point of 1000 degrees.
The sequence of actions is as follows:
There is a certain procedure for how to insulate a chimney pipe in the ceiling:
Having figured out how to thermally insulate and how to wrap a pipe in a bathhouse or house, you can complete this work without much effort.
But even a well-insulated chimney should be operated correctly:
Bath chimney
Metal chimney winding
Insulation of a metal chimney
Making boxes
Chimney installation
Chimney fastening
Replacing a brick pipe with a metal one
The article will discuss how and with what to insulate a chimney pipe. Several practical methods are presented.
Insulation of the chimney pipe is required to avoid leaks and overheating. Simply put, it allows you to increase the service life of the structure. Experts recommend performing complex work, which includes hydro and fire insulation.
When insulating a chimney in a bathhouse, the safety of people should be a priority. The main threat indoors comes from open fire. Therefore, it must be protected by first making the ceiling resistant to high temperatures.
Basically, baths are built from wood, a flammable material. A very common misconception is the idea that covering the ceiling with metal sheets will be sufficient. But in reality, such protection is not enough. After all, the upholstery will still heat up, which can lead to fire. A popular solution to the problem is to insulate the chimney pipe with red brick. But this is not suitable for every bath design.
Now there are two good options for chimney insulation:
A popular solution is to use sandwich pipes, which demonstrate a high degree of safety. The insulation design consists of several sections that are easily combined with each other. This option is also suitable for saunas with a metal stove.
If the question is how to insulate a chimney pipe in a traditional Russian bathhouse, then the best solution there will be use of red brick. This material It is resistant to fire and can retain heat for a long time. Read also: “How and with what to insulate a pipe in a bathhouse - materials and methods.”
It is important to take a responsible approach to brickwork in the bathhouse. The service life of the building directly depends on its quality. You cannot save on materials or work. After all, the need for repairs in the future will be associated with much greater costs.
“What should I use to wrap a metal chimney pipe in a bathhouse?” - a popular question among summer residents. After all, there are many materials used for this garden. The absence of flammable substances in the coating is a primary nuance that must be taken into account. It is preferable to use high-quality material that has all the necessary properties. It should also be completely safe to use.
The most common materials:
Insulation of chimney pipes of a metal chimney is a separate topic for discussion. After all, it contains a number of nuances, which will be discussed below. This is very difficult task, therefore it is recommended to perform it during the construction of the bathhouse. It is more difficult to work with a finished building, because the roof may need to be reconstructed.
A good solution would be to use sandwich pipes. This design is easy to manufacture and will also reduce the cost of specialists. However, the material itself is not budget-friendly. But the service life and quality fully justify its cost. Sandwich pipes are additionally insulated with mineral wool.
How to insulate a chimney pipe is up to everyone to decide for themselves. It is important to remember that such insulation allows you to protect the chimney from the negative effects of combustion products, as well as moisture. If you do not take care of the insulation in time, there is a risk of destruction of the bathhouse. After all, condensate, enhanced by the action of acid, slowly destroys building materials. It poses the greatest threat in the spring, when the pipe begins to thaw (for more details: “Why condensation appears in the chimney pipe and how to get rid of it”).
How to insulate an iron chimney pipe was discussed earlier. Now you can move on to the next step. Many people think that making a chimney box is too difficult a task. In reality this is not the case. It is enough to approach the work responsibly and competently.
Required tools:
Stages of work:
This results in a seamless frame in the ceiling.
Installing a chimney is not as simple a task as it might seem at first glance. There are many nuances that should be taken into account. If the chimney is installed insufficiently well, this can lead to damage to property, as well as creating discomfort for the people inside and harming their health.
Stages of work:
The workpiece must be brought to the roof through the attic. All cracks, especially the voids between the roof and the pipe, are filled with waterproofing. When removing the workpiece, you must remember safety precautions.
An elbow is used to secure the chimney pipe. It is designed to regulate the vertical position of the structure. To give everything reliability, the pipe is additionally attached to the wall using suitable brackets. Usually they are included in a ready-made kit. They can also be made by hand; it is best to use metal corners as a base for them.
Once the insulating structure is in place and securely fixed, it is necessary to cover the chimney pipe with an umbrella. It is designed to protect the structure from precipitation, poplar fluff and fallen leaves.
If a brick chimney is not enough, it can be further extended using a metal pipe. The task is labor-intensive, but completely achievable. It is important to approach it with full responsibility.
To begin with, a flat steel platform with a pipe is made. Moreover, its diameter should be the same as the diameter of the metal pipe that is planned to be used. The platform must be securely secured. It is fixed with dowels and screws. Sealing will add additional reliability.
Work order:
Important installation details:
The decision on how to insulate a metal chimney pipe should be made based on the budget, as well as the needs of the structure.
It is important to approach the task as responsibly as possible, performing work in full compliance with all standards and nuances. Then the chimney insulation will last a long time without complaints.
During the construction of many modern houses or country houses fireplaces or stoves are being built. In this case, the issue of the chimney reaching the roof surface becomes acute. Insulation of the chimney on the roof must be ensured. What does this mean?
Therefore, it is necessary to protect the combustible roof from possible melting or even fire.
It is recommended to install the chimney near the ridge of the roof. Since the ridge is least susceptible to stagnation of moisture, and the roofing pie in the area of the ridge is, as a rule, minimal.
If there is a ridge beam, difficulties arise with removing the pipe. To maintain the strength of the rafter system, it must be constructed without a ridge beam. Or you need to use two beams at the same time, between which the chimney will pass.
Alternatively, you can pass the pipe not through the ridge, but next to it. In this case, the strength of the rafter system will not be compromised, and the pipe will be located on the slope of the roof. It is strictly not recommended to install the pipe in the roof valley, that is, in the very lower place, where slopes going downhill come together. In this place, the phenomena of stagnation of water and snow are most often observed, which can lead to leakage at the junction of the pipe and the roof. When the stove or fireplace is located away from the desired pipe exit to the roof, use a curved chimney elbow as an adapter.
Chimney insulation device
How to seal a pipe on the roof , providing protection against leakage?
It will divert water flowing down the slope from the pipe.
Chimney made of thermally insulated pipes
Modern chimneys are made from multilayer heat-insulated pipes with an outer layer made of stainless steel. Special roofing passages are produced especially for them, which consist of a steel base sheet and an apron cap attached to it. The chimney pipe passes through this apron. The apron is attached to the pipe using a steel clamp with a heat-resistant gasket. Such aprons provide sealing between the roofing material and the pipe.
The main task facing builders in the process of bringing the pipe to the roof surface is the fire safety of the house. Cutting the pipe on the roof is of great importance.
According to regulatory documents, the temperature of the heated pipe should not exceed +50 degrees at the point of contact with the combustible roof.
When using a brick pipe, this issue can be solved by increasing the thickness of the pipe walls. The recommended wall thickness is 35-40 centimeters. This thickness of the pipe guarantees the safety of the roof in terms of fire.
The roofing pie is a layer of successively placed layers:
Roofing pie device
It is extremely undesirable to violate its integrity, in order to avoid water getting inside the roof and gradual destruction of the entire pie.
It is necessary to provide a gap (space) between the chimney and the roof.
For this purpose from wooden rafters and cross beams, an additional box is made, located between the pipe and the roof.
This will ensure insulation of the chimney in the ceiling.
Proper waterproofing of the chimney, ensuring the fire safety of the entire structure, and the correct choice of where the chimney exits to the roof are the main conditions, the fulfillment of which guarantees your home safety and the proper level of comfort.
When building your own home, as a rule, you install a fireplace or stove. That is why the problem of chimney outlet is so urgent. Correctly and reliably insulation is important for a chimney, otherwise it is impossible to be sure of the fire safety and comfortable stay of family members in the house.
If the stove has already been laid out and the smoke exhaust structure rises above the roof of the building, this does not mean that the work on its arrangement has been successfully completed. Before using the heating unit, you still need to decide how to insulate the chimney pipe on the roof and, as a result, protect your home from leaks and fire.
It is advisable to think about this problem before drawing up a furnace design and then the insulation will be more reliable. As for a previously built chimney, such work is almost always associated with changes made to the design of the floors and roof. Regardless of the decision on how to insulate a chimney on the roof, all costs incurred will be compensated by a sense of security, and hence comfort.
The furnace pipe should be insulated against negative factors:
Therefore, when deciding how to wrap a chimney pipe, increased attention should be paid to fire-proof thermal insulation and waterproofing. Experts recommend performing isolation measures comprehensively. This will help solve not only the above problems, but also improve the operating conditions of the furnace unit.
For example, if a chimney laid through an unheated attic is thermally insulated, the possibility of overheating of wooden roofing elements is reduced and the risk of condensation, which leads to corrosion, increased soot deposition or pipe destruction, is reduced. The main thing is that high-quality thermal insulation for chimney pipes should be used. which does not ignite. Waterproofing the smoke exhaust structure will protect the rafter system and ceilings from rotting.
The simplest and most reliable, but expensive way to insulate a chimney is to install a sandwich-type chimney made of metal or ceramics.
In such designs, the internal pipe designed to remove smoke is made of heat-resistant steel or ceramics, while non-combustible materials are used for its thermal insulation - mineral, stone or basalt wool (read also: " "). The outer part of the chimney sandwich is made of steel or expanded clay concrete blocks.
Kits for prefabricated chimneys include elements for fixing the structure, inspection, maintenance and for connecting heating units. Their installation is simple, but you still need to follow the instructions to ensure complete safety.
There is another option used when installing a stove unit - the construction of a brick chimney. Due to the low degree of thermal conductivity of bricks, its walls will not heat up to extremely high temperatures and, as a result, additional measures related to its insulation will not be required (more details: ""). It will only be necessary to correctly carry out the fireproof cutting of the floors and roof.
In order to save money and reduce weight, sometimes the construction of a brick chimney is completed by installing a ceramic or metal pipe. In this case, thermal insulation is carried out according to the technology described below.
When such work is performed for single pipes, boxes made of non-combustible materials can be used. Chimneys of this type are allowed to be operated without thermal insulation, but fireproof cutting is required in accordance with the rules.
Waterproofing of chimneys should be done in the place where they lead to the roof. The further they are located from the ridge, and the larger the pipe, the more difficult the operating conditions will be.
Atmospheric precipitation, when the insulation of the chimney pipe is insufficient, begins to penetrate inside the building. As a result, leaks occur, floors rot and collapse.
The method of waterproofing, as a rule, depends on the shape of the pipe and the material from which the roofing is made. For round products, either metal or polymer cuttings are used, and for pipes with a rectangular cross-section, metal aprons and junction strips are used.
Before insulating a pipe on the roof, you should make sure that the requirements specified in SNiP 2.04.05-91 are met, and if deficiencies are found, eliminate them:
In the place where the brick chimney crosses the ceiling, a fluff 1 - 1.5 bricks thick is installed.
It would be a mistake to decide to insulate the pipe in the bathhouse by attaching a sheet of iron to the ceiling, since it gets very hot. As an option to line the chimney, use fire-resistant red brick, but in this case you need to strengthen the foundation.
When solving the problem of how to wrap a metal chimney pipe in a bathhouse, experts highlight foil insulation and thermal insulation.
The outer surface of brick pipes heats up slightly, so they are plastered to improve operating conditions and extend service life. The most affordable option for insulating brick chimneys is plastering with a mortar using lime and cement. Instead of sand, you can add slag crumbs, previously sifted, to its composition.
The layer of plaster, when there is a lot of unevenness on the pipe, turns out to be quite thick, therefore, first it is better to seal all the existing differences and cracks on the surface with a solution, and then cover it with reinforcing mesh.
Plastering is carried out in two layers, using the entire pipe. The first time the solution is brought to the consistency of sour cream and applied by spraying and not leveled. For the next layer, the composition is made thicker. It is applied with a trowel and then rubbed until a smooth surface is obtained.
This method of insulation for chimney pipes made of bricks, such as lining the pipes with asbestos-cement materials, is several times superior to plastering in terms of heat conservation. Asbestos cement slabs are glued to the outer surface using cement-lime mortar.
After preparing the composition, the smoke exhaust structure is reinforced with mesh, and the first layer is applied by spraying. When it dries, the asbestos-cement slabs are cut according to the size of the pipe. The next layer of the mixture is applied to the insulation sections and attached to the surface of the chimney.
But this method has a big drawback - asbestos contains carcinogens and therefore cannot be used in residential areas.
The most dangerous option for arranging a chimney in terms of fire safety is a pipe made of metal products that is not protected by a heat insulator. The distance between it and wooden or plastic elements should be at least 60 centimeters.
But even the presence of such a gap cannot protect against burns in case of accidental contact - for this reason, it is advisable to insulate the pipe before problems arise.
When deciding how to wrap a pipe in a bathhouse or house, if it is single, it is to use non-flammable insulation, for example, basalt wool, which is protected on top with metal or plaster. This heat insulator has a melting point of 1000 degrees.
The sequence of actions is as follows:
There is a certain procedure for how to insulate a chimney pipe in the ceiling:
Having figured out how to thermally insulate and how to wrap a pipe in a bathhouse or house, you can complete this work without much effort.
But even a well-insulated chimney should be operated correctly:
