Correctly calculated distance between supporting elements
When starting work on building their own fence, every home builder dreams of creating a beautiful and durable structure. But the use of the most the best materials and the zeal of the craftsman do not guarantee that the fence will live up to your hopes.
To rebuilt with my own hands the fence has not become a source of severe headache for you, you need to carry out all the calculations correctly.
Remember that for mistakes the fence will “revenge” its creator with rickety posts, cracks and other troubles. In the case of light fences, correcting the error is not so difficult. For heavy stone and brick fences, negligence in calculations will result in large financial losses and the need to completely redo all the work.
DIYers most often install wood, metal, stone, concrete or brick pillars. Wooden ones are the cheapest, but also the least durable. They are mainly used for fencing made of the same material.
Metal is stronger, but cheap material and for this reason it is very popular. Posts made from it are used for all types of fences, with the exception of particularly heavy brick and stone structures.
Concrete and stone are the most durable, but difficult to install and expensive. Their use is justified when a heavy fence made of stone, concrete, brick or a solid forged metal fence is being built. Brick ones are loved by all home craftsmen. More about them below.
Now let's look at the most popular fence options, paying special attention to the distance between posts:
When the material is selected, you will need to calculate your “own” distance between the pillars.
First of all, the distance between the fence supports depends on the material from which the posts and fence sections are made. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the structure itself. The higher it is, the more often you will have to install supports. Wind and weight loads increase. It is also important how firmly the supports are installed in the ground. The stronger, the greater the distance between them can be.
When calculating the distance between posts, it is recommended to determine the position of corner posts, gates and wickets. It should be borne in mind that it is advisable to make all sections the same size. Now do some simple arithmetic calculations.
For example, if the area on which the brick fence will stand is 9 m, then you will need 3 posts at a distance of every 3 m. And for a fence of the same length made of corrugated sheets - 4 posts, and the distance between them will be 2.25 m .
Why not put more pillars, say 5 or 6? Unfortunately, too a large number of supports will not benefit your fence. This will only unjustifiably increase the cost of the fence and create unnecessary load on the foundation, make the fence insufficiently flexible and reduce its ability to withstand wind loads. The fence will be less attractive in appearance.
What if the distance between the fence posts is increased and, accordingly, their number is reduced? In this case, the structure will not be strong enough. For fences that use logs, the load on the support posts will increase, so they require a stronger foundation. And, again, it will suffer greatly appearance designs. Therefore, we choose the “golden mean”.
On the one hand, the deeper the support is, the stronger the structure; on the other hand, the cost of work increases with every centimeter of depth. They become more labor-intensive and require attracting technical means. Here you need to determine best option. The installation depth of the supports depends on the following factors:
It is important to remember that the supports are affected by the force of the wind and the weight of the structure. Together, these two forces create a torque that reaches a maximum at the point where the support leaves the ground. Bending moment is the main cause of structural failure. But it will not be able to harm your fence if the installation depth of the posts ensures their sufficient elasticity.
Here is an example of calculating the depth for a solid fence with the following parameters:
By multiplying these two values, we determine the area of each section: 2 * 2.5 = 5 m 2. To determine the wind load, it is necessary to multiply this value by the aerodynamic coefficient (for middle zone accepted 1.4) and the magnitude of the wind pressure (approximately 40 kg).
Multiplying, we get: 5 * 1.4 * 40 = 280 kg. That is, each rack in our design will experience a weight load of 280 kg. To calculate the bending moment, this value is multiplied by a constant equal to 0.8: 280 * 0.8 = 224 kg/m.
To determine the required depth, it is enough to divide this value by the coefficient of the moment of resistance, which is taken equal to 225 kg. We get: 224 kg/m: 225 kg = 0.99 m. That is, approximately 1 m.
With such a depth of installation of the support, wind and weight loads will be fully compensated. But it should be remembered that upper layer soil is usually quite loose, so another 20 cm is added to the obtained value.
In addition, one more thing needs to be taken into account important point– depth of soil freezing. If in your area the soil tends to swell when it freezes, then the lower part of the support must be buried below the freezing level. This is approximately 1.5 m deep for the middle zone. If this is not possible, then the support in the lower part is concreted with an extension that plays the role of an anchor.
The tree is not strong enough, the metal pole requires constant attention, and the creation concrete structure– the process is costly and lengthy. Brick fence posts are especially loved by home craftsmen. We will talk about them in more detail, but first, all about the advantages of brick pillars.
First of all, it is a universal design. It can be used for almost any type of fence, such as wood, metal or brick. The construction of a brick pillar does not require the use of expensive equipment.
A correctly folded and installed brick pillar will not require any attention in the future. The brick pillar is good combination superior performance, attractive design and exceptional durability. At the same time, we should not forget that when we talk about the advantages of a brick pillar, we mean a structure built according to all the rules from high-quality material.
For selection good brick and its proper installation requires certain knowledge and skill.
Brick pillars vary:
The disadvantages of brick pillars include their high cost. Therefore, it is especially important to choose the right type of pillar and calculate how much material is needed for its construction.
Experienced craftsmen do not recommend using bricks from different batches (even if the samples are of the same brand) for the construction of brick pillars. Firstly, a microscopic difference in composition can result in a difference in thermal expansion coefficients. The likelihood of cracks will increase. Secondly, the color of samples from different batches may not match, which will not have a very good effect on the appearance of the fence.
The home master is faced with the task of immediately purchasing required quantity material and at the same time manage with minimal financial costs. We'll show you how to do it necessary calculations. An example would be a pillar with the following parameters:
Let's calculate the number of bricks. To install one row, you need 4 bricks, the thickness of each row is equal to the thickness of the brick plus the thickness of the mortar layer: 0.065 +0.01 = 0.075 m. Then the number of rows in the column is calculated to be 1.5: 0.075 = 20 rows.
Since each of them contains 4 bricks, a total of 80 bricks are required for one pillar. It is recommended to purchase bricks with a small margin of 5% in case of damage or defects. Thus, you will need to purchase 84 bricks to build one pillar.
For masonry, its volume is taken equal to 1/5 of the total volume of brick, which will be: 0.25 * 0.12 * 0.065 * 80 = 0.156 m 3. Dividing by 5, we get a value of 0.032 m 3 - this is the amount of mortar that will be needed for masonry.
But don’t forget that you still need to fill the cavity inside the column with the solution. It has the shape of a parallelepiped, at the base of which is a square with sides of 0.14 * 0.14 m and a height of 1.5 m. We calculate its volume: 0.14 * 0.14 * 1.5 = 0.0294 m 3. Total amount of solution: 0.032 + 0.0294 = 0.0614 m3.
So, for one pillar you need 84 bricks and approximately 0.0614 m3 of mortar (to put it in simpler terms - a little more than six standard buckets).
In fact, the required amount will be slightly less, since the reinforcement also takes up some volume. The difference (subject to use for these purposes steel pipe 80 * 80 mm with a thickness of 2 mm will be about 1/10 of a standard bucket) can be written off as unforeseen expenses. And they are always present.
Similarly, you can calculate the amount of material for laying two bricks or for pillars of a different height. You will also have to calculate the required amount of brick and mortar for sections, reinforcement and everything necessary for the foundation.
If all the calculations are completed and all the nuances are taken into account, you can purchase the material. And start building your own fence. Let it be successful!
Easy to build with your own hands. In order for the construction of the fence to proceed without overlays, it is necessary to provide for all technical aspects in advance. The basis of the fence is support posts and logs; this is the most labor-intensive part of the work. The maximum possible distance between fence posts made of corrugated sheets will significantly reduce the cost of fencing. At the same time, too long runs will make it difficult to install corrugated sheeting on the sheathing and reduce the strength of the structure. Optimal distance between fence posts approximately 2.5 meters. Depending on the design features fencing, this figure may change in one direction or another, but not more than 3 meters.
The distance between fence posts depends on the material and method of installation of the supports. The more firmly the pillars are installed, the greater the distance between them can be. The distance is also reduced if the height of the fence is 2.5 meters or more.
They have the greatest load-bearing strength brick supports for the fence. Fencing is also erected using a metal pipe, metal profile or on stilts.
Poles must be placed in the corners of the site and in places where the fence changes direction. The locations of the supports are marked with pegs, a rope is pulled between them, and if the straight line is violated, they are aligned. Planning the gates and wicket.
Brick columns as supports look beautiful, are not subject to corrosion, and do not need to be painted. This solid structure requires the construction of a solid foundation, otherwise the fence may become skewed.
For the base of the masonry, pipes with a diameter of 57 mm or 2 to 4 rods of thick reinforcement are used. The distance between the finished corrugated fence posts will be 2.6 meters, and between the pipes - 3 meters. It is better to make supports from facing bricks- it looks better. Expenses are planned based on the calculation of 80 pieces per column.
A belt is being installed under concrete foundation 0.6 m wide. Depth into the ground of at least 0.5 m plus a 20 cm sand cushion. The protruding part is 25-30 cm high. It can be made of concrete or laid out of brick, and then lined with natural stone, tiles, plastered or painted.
To protect the edges of the corrugated sheet from the bottom and sides, a groove is provided in the base and in the posts. This is more difficult to do in columns. Can be used for laying half bricks. After installing the corrugated sheeting on the joists, the grooves are sealed with cement.
They dig a trench, depending on the distance between the fence posts that the metal pipes are installed (the usual figure is 3 meters). They are dug in to a depth of 25-30 cm below the freezing level. Then 2 layers of roofing felt are placed in the trench to waterproof the foundation. A frame is knitted from reinforcement 10 mm thick at a distance of 5 cm from the edges of the pit. The formwork is installed and poured with M300 concrete. Control the supports by plumb line.
If there are differences in soil on the site, then the foundation strip is divided into sections with a height difference of 10 cm.
Brick pillars under a fence made of corrugated board are placed one and a half or two bricks wide.
Use a round metal pipe with a diameter of 60 mm, metal thickness 2 mm. For a high fence, it is convenient to take 11-meter pipes and cut them into three parts.
The length of the pipe section for support is equal to the height of the fence plus another half of it for the underground part. If the fence is 2 meters high, then 1 meter of the support goes underground, the total length of the pipe section will be 3 meters. In this case, the distance between fence posts made of corrugated sheets can be made to a maximum of 3 meters, and even a little more (depending on the layout of the area).
The pipes must first be welded on top or other plugs installed to prevent precipitation from entering. If you weld a cross of reinforcement onto the lower edge of the pipe, the stability of the support will increase.
Install corner posts, stretch the twine at a distance of 30 cm from the ground and along the top. Places for holes for posts under the corrugated fence are marked. The holes are made with a manual or electric drill to a depth of 1-1.5 m with a diameter of 30 cm. It is recommended to wrap the walls with roofing felt - this will prevent the earth from crumbling. This will also protect the supports from deformation when the soil settles: the soil will slide over the roofing felt.
Crushed stone or gravel - 20 cm is poured onto the bottom, a pole is installed (it should not pierce the pillow, otherwise corrosion is possible) and poured concrete mortar at ¾ depth. Align the support with a plumb line, wedge it with pieces of bricks, and top it up. If there is a slight distortion, then you can level it before the concrete hardens. Concreting is level with the ground surface, or even better, make formwork 40-60 mm and raise top part above the ground.
Concrete composition: 1 part cement, 4 parts sand, 4 parts crushed stone, 4 parts water.
The final hardening of the solution occurs within a week. Only after this they begin to install the sheathing.
If there is little precipitation (the annual norm is up to 300 mm), the soil is sandy or loamy, then it is possible to do without concreting. The pipe is dug in one third, wrapped in roofing material or doused with molten bitumen. The soil is poured in 20-25 cm portions, compacting each layer thoroughly.
IN dacha version you can build a fence from corrugated sheets with pillars from a free-flow asbestos-cement pipe with a diameter of 100 mm. Its length is 3.95 m. Cutting in half, you get two columns. The material is cheap but fragile.
Use a 60x60 profile. Its length is 6 m or more, so you should take care of the delivery method in advance. Supports are installed from metal profiles in the same way as from pipes. Its advantage is that it is easier to install logs on it, and you can make a butt connection. This is more aesthetically pleasing; the strength of such a structure is increased by attaching the corrugated sheet to the pole.
Ready-made poles for corrugated sheets from a local manufacturer are sold on the market: They already have a capped top, a welded heel (can be placed on a sand bed), and have feet for joists with holes. The price is comparable to the price of the profile plus welding costs. The diameter of the pit for such supports will be two sides of the thrust bearing, and the distance between the fence posts can be 2.5-3 meters.
Ready-made foundation piles are expensive: 2000-2500 rubles apiece. But if you suddenly got hold of used material, you won’t find better supports. Their strength is very high, and the costs of concreting and excavation work are eliminated. What is the distance between fence posts on screw piles? Again, it all depends on the height of the structure. With a fence height of 2.5 m, you cannot make too large runs, since the fence made of corrugated sheets has a very large windage.
An option for craftsmen is homemade piles. A pipe of the required length is flattened at the end into a spear. A ring of three pipe diameters is cut out from a sheet of steel 3 mm thick using an autogenous machine. A circle the size of the pipe diameter plus 15% is cut out inside, a groove is cut, made into a screw and welded onto the pointed end of the pipe.
After the concrete has hardened, installation of the sheathing begins. Logs can be wooden or metal.
Wooden logs are short-lived and less durable. Therefore, let’s take a closer look at the metal sheathing. Use a 30x30 or 40x20 profile (attach the flat side to the fence), metal thickness 1.5-2 mm. Sometimes used metal corner, but it is inconvenient to attach a profiled sheet to it.
If the height of the fence is up to 2 m, 2 logs are planned, higher - 3 logs. is about 1.6 m, 20 cm away from the upper and lower edges of the fence. If the distance between the posts of a corrugated fence is 3 m, then it is better to weld the profile not from above, but between the supports. This increases the strength of the structure and gives the fence a more aesthetic appearance.
Anti-corrosion treatment is also best done after cutting the joists, before welding. It is possible after, but it is more labor-intensive. In any case, the welding areas are cleaned and painted. If you install the sheathing without welding - screw it in - the strength of the structure will be lower.
The distance between fence posts made of corrugated board should be taken into account when choosing corrugated board. For the fence, use profiled wall sheets C8, C10, C20, C21. The most popular sheet is C15 - it is cut without an upward wave, so it is convenient to combine it. The width of standard rolled products is from 800 to 1850, the most popular is 1100 - 1180, length (height) is 1440-3000, up to 4500 can be ordered - it will cost more.
The height of the lower edge of the fence from the ground is 15 cm. If the surface of the site is uneven, then differences of 10-15 cm are made. Install the sheets with an overlap in one wave, fasten after 1-2 waves (if less often, it will rattle in the wind), or 20- 25 cm, in the depression of the profile.
Installation is carried out with metal screws using a screwdriver or with rivets (pre-drill holes), using identical screws, only gray, but such a structure cannot be disassembled.
To protect against corrosion, additionally installed at the bottom and top metallic profile. Him, as well as metal sheathing and the supports will have to be painted approximately once every 3-5 years. Otherwise, corrosion will make itself felt. Alas, the only way is not brick pillars. Not only fencing is made from corrugated sheets, as it is an inexpensive and fairly durable material.
By being careful when installing the sheet, you will save yourself from the need preventative work further. Use self-tapping screws with an EPDM gasket that protects the sheet coating from damage. During installation, paint over scratched areas with spray paint. Also, in the future, regularly treat scratches that arise during use.
A fence made of corrugated board, built taking into account all the recommendations, does not require special care in the future and will last for decades.
In order for the fence to be reliable, you must first take into account all the nuances before installing it. The basis here is fence posts made of corrugated sheets and lintels, and the installation of supports is the most labor-intensive and critical part of the work. Therefore, it is so important to follow all the rules for constructing a fence. and one of the first questions that can be omitted is what distance between corrugated fence posts is considered acceptable.
Brick fence posts
Fences made from profile sheets have proven themselves well and, of course, have their own dignity:
reliability;
versatility;
pleasant appearance;
guaranteed fire safety;
big choice types of corrugated sheets;
various colors polymer coating;
long-term period of operation.
Various rooms, garages, pavilions are assembled from this material, and profile sheets are also used for fencing areas of private households.
Ready-made fence made of corrugated sheets
Fence posts are installed in the ground at the required depth and act as a support for the entire structure. In order for the fence to be reliable, you need to know what posts are needed for a fence made of corrugated sheets, while posts made of corrugated board are allowed different materials:
asbestos cement;
reinforced concrete supports.
Let's look at some of them in more detail.
When installing a fence made of profile sheets, metal pipes are reliable supports, and they can be either rectangular or round.
Thus, although the cost of new pipes will be higher, they will last longer, guaranteeing the reliability and durability of the fence. Profile supports are much more convenient to use due to their square configuration: it is easier to attach cross members to such a surface by welding. Therefore, they do not require additional fastening.
Frame for a fence made of profile pipe
Supports made of such material are alternative option stands made of wood and metal. And for this they have their own advantages:
Low cost.
Not subject to rotting and corrosion.
They do not require any maintenance (painting, antiseptic treatment).
The disadvantages of these poles include their relative fragility, labor-intensive installation and unattractive appearance.
Installed asbestos pipes for the fence
On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer the service of building fences and fences. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
Wooden supports in Lately are used less and less. In order for them to last longer, the supports must be specially treated or pillars must be selected from larch or oak. But all this will not be cheap, will require additional costs and does not guarantee one hundred percent results.
If wooden poles are used, they must have a cross-section of at least 100 mm. It is with this thickness that the supports will be relatively strong and will be able to withstand the wind loads that act on the fence.
Today there are many different options for structures for fencing areas, but recently fences made of corrugated sheets with brick supports have become increasingly widespread.
This fence has an attractive appearance and looks solid, unlike other types of fences. After planning and marking such a fence, part of the soil is first removed and the strip foundation is poured.
When the solution has hardened, support pillars made of brick or concrete are installed, imitating fireclay masonry. At latest version the fence is attached to reinforced concrete pillars, but in this case ceramic strips with imitation brick are used, which are mounted on the support plane cement mortar.
The cost of such poles is lower, and their installation requires less effort and time, which is why this option is becoming more and more popular among customers.
When building a fence made of profiled sheets, it is important to maintain the distance between the posts for a fence made of corrugated sheets, since it is deaf and experiences heavy loads during strong winds.
And if the distance between the posts of a fence made of corrugated sheets is chosen more than permissible, then this will soon be reflected in the structure in the form of leaning posts, sagging sheets and other troubles. Moreover, negligence in calculations can lead to serious financial losses, for example, alteration of brick and concrete supports.
The size between the racks directly depends on their cross-section. The higher the fence is, and the longer distance pipes are installed between the fence posts, especially the stronger ones and with a larger cut.
When constructing a fence, optimal spacing between support points must be selected. With large spans there is a possibility of bending and tilting of the entire structure. And if the pillars are often installed, then there is a large consumption of material and time.
In this case, the size between the racks is influenced by several factors:
The size of pillars and corrugated sheets. The height of the fence directly determines its stability in strong winds: the higher the fence, the more often the posts need to be installed.
Number of jumpers. The rigidity of the structure depends on this parameter. For heights over two meters, it is recommended to use three jumpers.
When calculating the distance between fence posts, you must keep in mind the length of the horizontal crossbars.
It would seem that the deeper the pipe is dug, the more reliable the fence, but on the other hand, with every 10 cm of deepening, the cost of the work increases. Here you need to choose the best option.
Support installation depth depends on the following parameters:
height and weight of the fence;
on the type of construction (solid or transparent);
soil characteristics (composition, freezing depth, groundwater level).
Important to remember! The poles are affected by the size, weight of the structure and wind force. Together, these two guides create a torque that reaches its peak at the point where the support leaves the soil.
Once selected the best way installation, the decision has been made which posts to use for the corrugated sheet fence, preparations are being made necessary tool. Workers will need: a drill, a shovel, a sledgehammer, a plumb and level, a cord, a container for mixing mortar or a concrete mixer, cement and crushed stone.
Then the location of the future fence is marked. The installation of lintels and sections of corrugated sheets largely depends on this layout, since when the pillars are displaced from given parameters additional adjustment of these elements will be required.
The breakdown of the site is as follows: stages:
along the perimeter at the place of supports previously pegs are driven in;
install corner end posts along the hydraulic level and fill them with solution;
after the cement has hardened pull the cord without sagging at the top and bottom;
The racks are installed and poured sequentially at a distance of 2.5-3 meters. (this size depends on the length and width of the sheet, weight, soil, as well as the total length of the profile jumpers - if the size is 9-12 meters, then it is better to divide it into 3 or 4 parts without any remainder, and in the case of a 10-meter length - into 4 segments);
after assembly, the welding seams are cleaned and coated with an anti-corrosion compound, primed, and only then painted to match the color of the corrugated sheet;
The corrugated sheeting is fastened no earlier than 4-5 days after the supports are poured in order to allow the solution to fully set and harden; the profiled sheet is fixed, positioned on the same wave of the previous product, with self-tapping screws and rubber washers.
On a note! To maintain the correct geometry of the fence when installing support posts and the fencing structure, a team of two to three people is needed.
At different ground levels, additional supports are installed and a stepped fence is made, and the distance between fence posts made of corrugated sheets can be significantly reduced. Also, additional reinforced posts are mounted in the locations of gates and gates. When filling a support with mortar, check its vertical level with a plumb line, and also visually check the line relative to other pillars.
More details about the fence structure can be seen in the video:
The reliability of the steel profile sheet allows the fencing to operate for at least 25 years. But sometimes with careless attitude and improper care design features of this material may noticeably change for the worse. Therefore, it is important to know the factors influencing material changes and ways to increase service life.
If the foundation begins to collapse, it can be strengthened with cement clips around the base, leveling chips and cracks using concrete mixture and proper drainage.
If the protective layer of paint on the frames of such fences is damaged, it must be renewed periodically.
Sometimes there are defects on the outer layer of corrugated sheets due to improper cutting, careless transportation, installation or operation. In such cases, you need to clean the damaged surface from rust and paint it with metal enamel of a suitable color.
About ordering the construction of a turnkey fence from corrugated sheets in the following video:
Corrugated fences are beautiful, stable and durable. They are guaranteed to protect the territory from uninvited guests, they are easy to install and have a budget price.
This material looks great and is an attractive option for external cladding adjoining plot. And the durability of the entire fence structure largely depends on how correctly the supports are installed.
Properly installed high-quality posts are the key to the durability and steadfastness of any fence. Supports made of any material: wood, metal, concrete, if properly calculated and professional installation are able to withstand the heaviest loads: in summer - wind, in winter - frost heaving forces. For the entire range of fencing: from corrugated sheets, boards, mesh, monolithic concrete and even rare polycarbonate and triplex, only a few types of supports are used, on which the strength, reliability and stability of the fence depend.
Correct installation pillars are the key to the durability of the fence.
What types of support pillars are most often used in private housing construction? Of course,
Wooden fencing.
Many options for installing them -
depend on the type of fence, the depth of soil freezing, and the groundwater level. How to install posts correctly so that the fence lasts a long time?
Round pipe supports for a corrugated fence.
Supports are a very important part of the fencing structure, which, no less than the filling material, is exposed to rain, snow, hail, ultraviolet radiation and wind. The underground part of the support is also affected by aggressive soil moisture with alkalis and acids dissolved in it, and buoyancy forces - direct and tangential, which appear under the influence of frost heaving. Therefore, any supports buried in the ground, except, perhaps, screw ones, must be treated with special means.
Bitumen varnish.
For guard wooden supports apply antiseptic impregnation, treat the bottom of the column bitumen mastic, mining or creosote, arrange roofing felt glasses in the hole and even simply wrap the bottom of the column with thick polyethylene. An effective method is to install wooden supports with conductive channels downwards - according to the law of osmosis, they do not draw moisture inside.
Impregnation of a wooden post.
The bottom of metal supports and buried fittings must be treated with an anti-corrosion primer and painted. Special attention on all types of pillars, it is necessary to pay attention to the boundary between the above-ground part of the pillar and the buried part - as it is the most susceptible to corrosion processes, it is in this place that the pillar breaks if it is not treated sufficiently.
Priming a metal support.
The depth of installation of supports depends on the type of soil and groundwater level in each specific area. Moreover, even within the perimeter of one fence, the groundwater level can change. In this case, the fence will have to be installed either on screw supports or cast shallow strip foundation. The pressure force from the ground in winter will be received and evenly distributed by the concrete strip. It is noteworthy that the force of frost heave pressure also depends on the depth of the snow cover in the area. That is, supports located near paths cleared of snow will be squeezed out faster than pillars covered with snow.
Pouring the foundation for the fence.
When constructing light and temporary fences from a chain-link mesh or picket fence, the supports are installed shallowly - 0.7-0.8 m - sometimes installed using the hammering method. Often in the spring you can see pillars that have partially come out of the ground or are rickety, which the owners of the plots use a sledgehammer to bury back into place.
The pillars will have to be driven in annually if they are not deep enough.
For more serious fences - fences made of corrugated sheets, wooden fences, for pillars with a metal core, it is necessary to bury the supports below the freezing depth of the soil by 20 cm. A pillar installed at such a depth is not affected by buoyant forces from below - they simply are not there, but only tangential forces act. If the supports are smooth, are in a roofing felt glass, polyethylene or covered with crushed stone, tangential forces will not have any effect on the pillar. Under no circumstances should you make a concrete splash around a support driven in or sprinkled with rubble. During winter heaving, the ground, bound by frost and concrete, will pull the pillar out of the ground.
If the soil is very heaving or it is not possible to deepen the support so deeply, a metal heel or 2 reinforcement rods are welded crosswise onto its bottom. They will keep the post from being pulled out of the ground.
TISE piles.
The standard freezing depth of soil is given in SNIPs by region. In fact, you will have to recognize it yourself at each site. Best source information - neighbors with already installed fences, foundations or water wells. For more comprehensive information, you can dig a hole 2-2.5 m deep.
Standard freezing depth.
PIP depends on 3 main factors:
When designing a fence, the question arises: at what distance should the posts be placed from each other? Pillars, like solid fences, are constantly exposed to wind loads. There is no region that does not experience a storm with a wind force of 20 m/sec at least once a year. Fences made of mesh, picket fences, lattice and forged fences are subject to less wind load. Owners of fences made of corrugated sheets and solid wooden fences will have to pay close attention to wind load calculations.
A corrugated fence sagging from the wind.
The fence is subject to weight and wind forces in summer. The weight force acts along the axis of the column without causing a bending moment. The wind blows across the fence and causes a significant load, many times greater than the load of its own weight. Therefore, a bending moment acts on the support, which has a maximum point of application at the point where the pillar exits the ground.
Strong wind capable of tearing down a fence.
For solid fences, the best distance between posts is 2 meters. If a fence is built from a chain-link mesh, then the supports will be affected not by the wind load, but by the compression force of the mesh. It is recommended to place supports for chain-link fencing at a distance of no more than 2-2.5 m from each other, and to support it, install logs or stretch supporting wire. Low windage and no compression force on the fence supports made of welded mesh- they can be placed at a distance of 3 to 6 m from each other.
A chain-link fence has a low windage.
If the distance between the supports depends on the length of the fencing sections and it is impossible to change it, the stability of the pillars will have to be adjusted only by the depth of the installation and the strength of the pillar itself. To compensate for the load on the pillars, their depth must be at least equal to the height of the fence, plus another 10 cm.
Adjust stability sectional fence will depend on the installation depth of the supports and their strength characteristics.
The greater the distance between the posts and the longer the sections, as well as the higher the fence, the stronger the pipe you need to choose. For example, to construct a fence made of corrugated sheets with a section length of 2 m and a height of 2 m, a round pipe with a cross-section of 76 mm and a pipe wall thickness of 4 mm or a square pipe with a cross-section of 60 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm is suitable. When increasing the length of the section to 2.5 m, these parameters must be recalculated using the formulas for calculating the support column for strength - you will need a round pipe with a cross-section of 89 mm with a wall thickness of 3.5 mm and square pipe cross-section 80 mm, wall thickness 3 mm.
The pipe with a wall thickness of 2 mm, beloved by sellers, is not suitable for fence posts.
When calculating the wind load, you need to take into account the area in which the fence is being installed. It will be necessary to increase the strength of the fence with additional logs or jibs if the fence will pass through an area blown by all the winds. If the fence will pass through a forest, gardens or on the territory cottage village with low-rise buildings, the influence of winds will be reduced.
The fence performs not only a protective function personal plot or a certain territory, but is also the hallmark of the object. A structure that seems simple at first glance requires detailed and precise adherence to certain rules during its construction.
Preliminary calculation of the fence will allow you to avoid future problems associated with skewing, tilting, falling and other troubles.
Any fence can be divided into several structural parts:
It's obvious that main role It is the load-bearing part of the fence that plays.
The most commonly used pillars for the frame are:
When building a fence with your own hands, it is very important to know how to calculate the length of the fence in relation to the cost of the linear and square meter future fencing.
Before deciding to build a structure, it is necessary to accurately calculate the cost of the fence.
The following instructions are suitable for carrying out calculations.
Any fence is subject to the force of the structure’s own weight, which is directed strictly along the axis of the post, and the force of wind pressure, which is applied across the structure. Therefore, a torque (bending) moment acts on the support, which has a maximum at the point where it leaves the ground.
Bending moment is the main cause of destruction of enclosing structures. There is no point in taking into account the force of its own weight when calculating the racks, since it is minimal and does not have a significant effect on the strength of the base.
Many owners are also concerned with the question of how deep to bury a fence post?
Important!
To determine the depth of the supports in the ground, the calculation of the wind load on the fence must be taken into account.
Advice!
To get one hundred percent confidence in the stability of the fence, regardless of the type of soil, groundwater level and material of the enclosing part of the structure, it is necessary to bury the frame into the ground to half the height of the fence, plus another 10 centimeters).
Advice!
To extend service life wooden poles, their underground part needs to be processed blowtorch, soak (coat) with kerosene-bitumen antiseptic, heated bitumen or special impregnation, and also wrap with roofing felt.
You can learn more about the features of installing fence supports in the video in this article.
For example, it is planned to install a fence 1.6 m high, total length 40 meters. The role of the base will be performed by support posts cemented in the pits, and the enclosing part will be made of painted corrugated sheets.
Profile pipes are one of the most common materials for the manufacture of supports and frames, because rectangular section convenient to use during installation.
Knowing the parameters of the corrugated sheet, we determine the number of sheets that will be needed for the fence.
If the total width of such a sheet is 1.18 m (working width is 1.14 m), then we divide the total length of the fence by the working width of the sheet and get the value - 40 m / 1.14 m = 35.08 pcs. This means that to build a structure 40 meters long, 35 corrugated sheets are needed.
Advice!
The resulting value must always be rounded up.
To calculate the number of pipes as a support, it is necessary to divide the total length of the upcoming fence by the length of one section (span), which is usually 2.0 - 2.5 meters, and add one to the resulting value (40 m / 2.5 = 16 + 1). Thus, 17 support posts are needed to install a fence with a total length of 40 meters with a section width of 2.5 meters.
The selected distance between fence posts depends on their cross-section. The higher the structure you want to build, and the greater the distance planned between the support pillars, the more durable and larger the cross-section the pipes should be.
For example, for a fence 2 meters high and a section width also 2 meters, it is necessary to use round pipe 76 x 4 mm, or square 60 x 4 mm or more.
When calculating a fence, all indicators are important, including the distance between fence posts, which determines the stability and strength of the entire structure as a whole.
