At making the right choice porch for country house you need to take into account your budget and desires and consider finished photos. Our article will provide you with information about the types of porches, with all possible shapes, a variety of materials and examples of finishes.
To decide on a porch design, you need to take into account not only the preferences of the home owners, but also its features. According to the designers, the style of the canopy and railings should match the style of the roof and balcony of the building. For example, for a building with gable roof The same canopy over the porch will do.
For forged balconies and window bars, it is advisable to select railings with the same forging patterns. At the same time, you should worry about the similar design of arches, columns and other decorative elements.
According to the shape of the projection, the porch can be rectangular or round.
An important place when designing a porch is the choice of materials. To date concrete structures began to enjoy great popularity. Their convenience lies in the fact that concrete is easy to paint and decorate with tiles and stones. It is also possible to design a porch using wood, metal, stone and brick.
Note! Kitchen in a private house - 100 photos of design and layout ideas
TO wooden house A wooden porch is best. Moreover, wood is environmentally friendly pure material and creates an extraordinary feeling of coziness and comfort. This solution has become popular not only among wooden houses, but also brick ones. They are installed on a base made of metal, concrete or wood.
Which tree is the most suitable? Of course, pine - it is used in 80% of cases. It's comparative cheap material, which will serve you for many years. The main thing is reliable sealing, varnishing and painting. Although, as practice shows, when several materials are used at once, the result is a stunning architectural composition.
Let's start with an example of installing a wooden porch. To manufacture it, first of all, you need to have a design drawing. Using boards and other materials, all parts are made. Electric jigsaw will be needed to create leading supporting elements and stringers. But for the manufacture of complex design details, such as railings, it is better to seek help from a specialized workshop. There you can also ask for help in developing a professional set of drawings so that the dimensions of the house and additional requirements are taken into account.
Assembly must begin with the supporting parts. We must not forget about using building level to check horizontality at each construction step. Remember! In order for the porch to serve you for a long time and reliably, it is better to install it along with the construction of the house.
Approaching any house, the first thing we notice is the canopy. And depending on the appearance, the impression of the home itself is formed. Therefore, it is so important to pay attention to the design of this part of the house. What will it be like? It all depends on your financial capabilities and imagination.
The main function of the canopy is to provide a presentable appearance and protect the entrance to the house from the elements of the weather. Therefore, the first is a definition with materials of manufacture. Then - determining the shape and design of the canopy. And the last thing is the installation of the structure.
Choosing roofing material, should be studied specifications all proposals and stop at the maximum suitable option. Let's look at some of them:
When choosing a design, it is important to consider the roofing material, canopy parameters and drainage side.
According to the method of installation, it can be supporting (heavy structure reinforced with wood beams or metal pipes), suspended (has small size and mounting on an external wall).
By form:
Whatever your decision about choosing a porch, always sensibly assess your capabilities. Remember that it is better to order complex elements from a specialized company, and in order to complete them flawlessly individual works, additional training from professionals is necessary.
And don’t forget about working drawings, materials, tools, photos of a porch for a private house and accessories that will be necessary for planning future actions.
We almost always like the porch of a house because of its reliability and thoughtfulness in use. Among all the projects that can be implemented with our own hands, most often we choose not the most exquisite in architecture and external design, but those that will faithfully serve the owner and the house for many years, as in the photo.
Most of us know and can do a lot, know how to hold a saw in our hands, and can easily work with concrete. Lack of full-fledged carpentry or welding skills will not prevent you from building a simple but attractive porch. In this case, for do-it-yourself work, folk projects for a porch to a house are most suitable for us:
The porch projects shown in the photo below are not dogma and can be corrected, supplemented or completely reworked with your own hands at your own discretion. But the main principles of building a porch in front of the house are largely predetermined by the requirements for the strength and stability of the structure.
Despite the apparent simplicity, all projects will require the use of high-quality materials and conscientious DIY work. At the same time, the majority of enthusiasts, of those who actually built at least one of the above projects, did almost all the work with their own hands, with rare exceptions when they had to master the skills of knitting reinforcement.
Before you start construction, understand the details of the project, study the drawings and photos, and create a sequence for yourself to complete the work yourself. The design style of the porch must be kept in unison with the facade of the house, but fundamentally this does not affect the strength of the structure and the requirements of the project.
In the photo you can see several options for decorating a porch to a house on a concrete base with your own hands.
Concrete buildings will require more physical labor, but often such projects are simpler and clearer than wooden or wood porch options. screw piles. For the most part, such structures are made in the form of castings, reinforced steel reinforcement. The photo clearly shows how the large mass and high strength of such a structure make it possible to implement projects with a mass of additional decorative finishing elements, use a stone fence, a powerful heavy canopy on massive supports and a staircase of unlimited shape and length.
Porch design with concrete steps can be roughly divided into three main projects:
Despite the apparent similarity of the designs, in the designs of the porch to the house there are certain differences in the construction technique and in the way of connecting the flight of stairs to the house. And fulfilling such conditions is no less important than ensuring the proper design of the porch.
The porch design provides that the porch structure will not have a rigid connection with the foundation of the house and its walls. This will prevent the appearance of cracks as a result of subsidence of the walls or the porch itself; the joint between the “body” of the porch and the wall of the house must be sealed with glass wool, as in the photo.
The flight of stairs and the upper landing will be formed into a single concrete block. The weight of such a scheme will be considerable, and therefore a foundation will be required.
The best option would be simple monolithic foundation, 20-25 cm deep and dimensions to match the size of the porch, as in the photo.
The hole under the foundation is filled with sand and crushed stone and waterproofed. Next is laying the reinforcing mesh from a six-millimeter rod, then pouring wooden frame formwork concrete mixture.
The next stage will be the construction of a reinforced frame and formwork for further pouring with concrete. Thanks to the free principle of constructing the frame of the steps, it is not necessary to make the staircase in the form of a rectangular flight. If the space and size of the porch area allows, the steps can be made in the form of several articulated elements, or even a semicircular shape, as in the photo.
But the main thing in such a project is to follow the rules for constructing the foundation and ensure proper reinforcement of the steps and frame of the stairs to the house.
Due to the large volume of working material in such projects, they often go for a certain rationalization. The main internal volume is filled with a mixture of gravel, broken bricks, sand, thereby filling the internal volume and creating a cushion - the basis for supporting the plank frame and formwork. Thus, almost 3-fold savings in concrete mixture are achieved. The form boards themselves must be strengthened as much as possible with side supports, otherwise the pressure of the concrete mixture can squeeze out the formwork.
If the project provides for the use of vertical supports, special bolts are embedded in the side areas of the flight of stairs to support the canopy, with which you can secure and adjust the height vertical racks for the visor.
Sometimes, to simplify things, instead of bolted or flanged fastening, thick concrete is directly embedded into the thickness of the concrete. steel pipes, with a diameter of 50-70 mm, aligned vertically using a plumb line. When installing a canopy, the upper part of the pipe is cut to the height of the canopy and connected to its frame.
Attention! This project for attaching the supports of the canopy is considered not the most successful due to the fact that the canopy is rigidly fixed to the facade of the house, and the concrete staircase, in which the posts are concreted, has its own foundation and is subject to micro-movements.
All attachment points for supports, canopy and ladder surfaces or upper platform must have flexible movable connections.
One of the varieties of a concrete porch is a project in which the staircase is located along the wall of the house, which allows you to rest the left or right part of the flight of stairs directly on the surface of the walls. To obtain a rigid connection between the porch frame and brickwork At home, they most often use embedding the steel reinforcement of the stairs into the “body” of the house wall. To do this, using a hammer drill, pieces of reinforcement are hammered along the flight of stairs with an extension of half the width of the step and tied or welded to the main reinforcement frame of the porch, as in the photo.
Next, the formwork boards are sewn to the wall of the house and further reinforced with external struts. The longer the flight of stairs and the wider the steps, the more reinforcement elements must be used to strengthen the porch.
Thanks to the rigid connection with the wall of the house, the length of the flight of stairs of a porch of such a project can reach almost unlimited dimensions. Often these porch options have stairs that reach the level of the second floor. In addition, the mixed fastening scheme makes the porch less sensitive to vibrations and ground settlement has virtually no effect on the foundation of the house itself.
The first project is the most difficult to implement with your own hands, primarily due to the use of a large amount of steel reinforcement in the project. Unlike the other two projects, the version of the porch supported by a reinforced cantilever shelf in the wall of the house is lightweight, which means it will require significantly less building materials, concrete and reinforcement.
A special feature of this design is the use of two side steel beams made of a channel or I-beam. In some cases, the beam can be made in the form of a composite of two steel corners or a square, as in the photo. They take the entire main load from the weight of the flight of stairs itself, the upper landing and concrete steps. On the upper side, the steel beams extend into the upper platform and rest on the cantilever shelf. At the bottom of the stairs, the flight of stairs rests on a strip foundation and a small concrete slab, which acts as a step and reduces the pressure of the porch structure on the ground.
In addition to the side beams, into the body concrete stairs seal at least three layers of steel reinforcement with a diameter of 6-8 mm. The reinforcement scheme is no different from usual options manufacturing reinforced concrete slabs ceilings, with the difference that the reinforcement bars of the flight of stairs, the lower support and the upper landing are tied or welded into one structure, as in the photo diagram.
If the width of the stairs is no more than one meter, a small change can be made to the project - the upper and lower layers of the concrete casting are reinforced using a mesh of thick steel wire or fiberglass reinforcement. The longer the flight of stairs, the more powerful the reinforcement should be.
The staircase itself and steps are cast using formwork formed from boards. The use of steel side load-bearing beams makes it quite easy to secure vertical balusters using a welding machine. The thickness of the concrete staircase is relatively small; the support on the cantilever shelf and a small foundation under the lower support allows you to freely respond to all subsidence or movement of the soil at any time of the year. Having free space under the stairs will improve the conditions for removing moisture from under the foundation of the house.
In the end, the porch turns out to be not only light, but also very comfortable and beautiful, as in the photo.
The project is easy to implement if, when building the house, a cantilever shelf was provided to support the flight of stairs. But often the house design did not provide for the presence of a porch at all in a given location. It often happens that an apartment is transferred from residential to non-residential for commercial purposes, and the consequence of this is the construction of a new porch and a separate entrance to the premises.
In this case, the supporting surface can be formed from short cantilever I-beams embedded in the wall of the house. Often, due to the strength of the main wall, this simply cannot be done. In such cases, supports are built from ordinary bricks for the upper platform of the porch. The supports themselves in the new project should be connected point by point with steel reinforcement to the wall of the house.
Porch country house most often built from metal, wood or concrete. The choice of specific material depends mainly on architectural features the building itself. Each type of street staircase has its own construction technology.
They will be discussed in this article. You will learn not only how to properly make a porch for a house from one material or another, but also how to tie it to the foundation of the house and what its own foundation should be like.
The choice of material for the porch of a house mainly depends on what its walls are made of. So at the facade wooden building It is best to build a structure from boards and timber. To concrete or brick house a concrete or metal structure can be attached. For finishing, tiles, bricks, wood or even plastic are often used:
Wooden porches are different undeniable advantages. They are beautiful and require virtually no additional finishing. Such designs are somewhat cheaper than other varieties.
Construction of a porch to the house. Photo of an aesthetic and easy-to-manufacture design
Wooden street stairs are usually attached only to a log or cobblestone building or to a bathhouse. But there are exceptions to every rule. The simplicity of the design of such stairs makes them extremely popular and often carved or ordinary wooden porch can also be seen near concrete or brick houses.
A wooden staircase can also be attached to a concrete house
Concrete options for porches can be poured. They are also built from blocks. Such a design can be made at the entrance to a concrete or brick building. The main advantage of concrete stairs is durability. How to fill a porch with your own hands and how to make it from blocks will be discussed below.
Concrete marches look very beautiful and at the same time solid and solid
Do-it-yourself metal porch at the dacha It is best to make it from a corner or profiled pipe.
On a note: Structures made from galvanized material are very beautiful. However, making them at home is hardly possible. In order to make such a staircase you need significant experience in working with welding machine. Therefore, at the entrances to private houses you can often see painted metal structures made of ordinary steel.It is better to make wooden steps on street stairs made of metal. In some cases, they are also made of metal.
Using wooden steps you can build a very beautiful metal porch
You can build a porch at your dacha or in a country house using: different technologies. The choice of a specific one depends on what material will be used for its manufacture:
First, let's look at how to make a porch with your own hands for a wooden house. You can build even the simplest wooden porch so that it turns out reliable only by drawing up a project in advance. In this case, the stairs must be calculated taking into account the following factors:
How to build a porch with your own hands. Drawings of convenient street stairs
To make a simple wooden staircase you will need to prepare the following materials:
They continue to build wooden porch do-it-yourself installation of supports. To make them durable, it is worth treating their ends with automotive oil. Under them, holes about half a meter deep are dug in the ground at a distance from the wall equal to the width of the upper platform.
A durable porch can be built only by arranging reliable supports
At the next stage, the upper platform is knocked together. Next you will need to make stringers or a bowstring. One end of the stringer is attached to the upper platform, and the other is supported on a concrete pad. Then they begin to fill the treads and risers.
DIY wooden porch. Photo of the process of installing steps on stringers
Advice: Steps during construction wooden stairs For a private house, it is better to fasten it not with self-tapping screws, but with bolts and nuts. Weak fasteners will simply become loose under constant load in the future.So, we have looked at how to build a wooden porch with your own hands in stages. However, without railings and a canopy, the structure will be unfinished. Balusters are mounted on metal studs. Next, the handrail is attached to the bolts. After this, you need to make a canopy by covering the wooden frame with boards.
Making reliable railings with your own hands when building a porch is not so difficult
Now let's figure out how to build a porch for a house made of metal. The technology for constructing such structures is slightly different from the method of assembling wooden ones. Install supports from a pipe, angle or profile of at least 50*50mm. Next you need to make the frame of the upper platform. The bowstring should be made from a channel or corner.
A porch to a metal house can be made using a welding machine
When building a porch, the steps are welded from a corner in the form of frames, to which the racks are welded to the height of the riser. Next, the resulting elements are welded to the bowstrings, to their upper edge. Then the edged board is screwed to the corner.
Since metal is a material that does not tolerate moisture, a canopy must be made. You can equip a metal porch with your own hands, for example, with a canopy made of corrugated sheet metal. In this case, the frame should be made from a steel angle.
The construction of a metal porch requires the installation of a canopy
If you like arched, dome or curved canopies, you can use polycarbonate instead of metal profiles. You can make a curved frame yourself using a pipe bender. Polycarbonate sheets are attached to it using self-tapping screws with thermal washers.
You can make a very interesting shaped visor from polycarbonate
Important: The holes for the fasteners should be slightly larger in diameter than their rods. When installing the sheet, the screws themselves do not tighten too much, since polycarbonate sheets expand as temperature increases.A concrete porch should be attached to a stone building. You can make it with your own hands as poured or block.
When constructing a porch made of monolithic concrete, formwork is used. Its shape depends on the chosen form of the march itself. The easiest way to make it is from a board, and it is a multi-tiered structure (according to the number of steps). All steps must be reinforced. The concrete mixture is made from cement, sand and crushed stone in a ratio of 1*4*4.
To build concrete porch, you need to make multi-tiered formwork
On a note: A semicircular, round or oval porch made of concrete looks very beautiful. In this case, during construction, the formwork can be made of tin or plastic.Below see how you can build a porch with your own hands (video):
In order to make a neat porch of a country house from blocks or foam blocks, markings should be made. Next, the foundation is laid. The ladder is laid out with ligation of the seams. After construction, a block structure, just like a monolithic one, must be faced with tiles or boards. In this case, the result will be not only good quality, but also beautiful porch.
The porch can also be built from concrete blocks
Approximately the same technology is used to make a porch with your own hands from brick or stone.
In the event that the porch village house is arranged during its construction; it is poured simultaneously with the foundation of the building.
Important: The foundation of the street staircase is laid at the same depth as the foundation of the house itself.
It is best to build a porch at the same time as the building itself
However, more often the connection of the march to the building is done after its construction. In this case, you should follow the rules for connecting the porch to the plinth, which will be discussed below.
When attaching the porch of a private house with your own hands, it is worth remembering that it is not recommended to attach heavy structures rigidly to the foundation and plinth. In this case, roofing material or polyethylene is laid between the march and the house. It can also be plywood or boards impregnated with bitumen. The fact is that an extension is usually made to a house that has already shrunk. A heavy concrete or brick staircase will definitely sink.
If you make your own porch from wood or metal, you can attach it directly to the base. In this case, during construction, bars or metal corner. A wooden frame or iron frame of the upper platform is attached to them at one edge.
You can build a metal porch by attaching it directly to the house
We hope you now understand how to properly attach a porch to a house with your own hands. Only one question remained unexamined, namely, what its foundation should be. You can make different types of bases for outdoor stairs.
When constructing light wooden and metal stairs, a small concrete pad is usually placed under them. Next, let's see how to fill such a support. They do not lay it across the entire width of the porch, but only under the first step of the flight. Thus, it serves as a support for stringers or bowstrings. Its installation is carried out as follows:
DIY porch. Photo of the process of installing a concrete pad under the march
If a wooden or metal staircase has a very wide or long flight, it is worth building a thicker cushion. Wooden or concrete pillars of the upper platform must have a thickening at the very bottom.
A concrete pad under the porch can have enough big sizes. It can also be built with steps
Sometimes wooden stairs are simply supported on pillars during construction. At the same time, in addition to the supports of the upper platform, two more wooden columns are buried in the ground under the march (instead of a concrete pad). In the same way, you can make supports for the bowstrings of a metal ladder from sections of pipes. Such a foundation is cheaper than a pillow and is easier to build, but it is less reliable.
You can build a porch with different types pillars
The design of a porch is technologically quite complex if it is built into the veranda. In this case, most often during construction, a strip foundation is poured under the entire structure.
DIY porch. Photo of a foundation pit for a strip foundation
This event consists of several stages:
How to build a porch. Fill strip foundation
Important: The veranda and the march itself are erected no earlier than two weeks after the foundation is laid.Next, let's see how to make slab foundation under the street stairs. This type of foundation is installed under heavy structures - concrete and brick. It is a monolithic slab under the entire area of the staircase. It pours in about the same way as a pillow. The depth of the foundation depends on the depth of the foundation of the building. Usually it is 50-70cm.
It’s not very difficult to make a slab foundation for a porch
On a note: The thickness of the sand or gravel layer according to SNiP must be at least 10 cm.So, now you know how to build a porch with your own hands. Depending on its type, different techniques can be used. For light street stairs, you can make a cheaper and simpler foundation. Heavy structures require a more reliable foundation.
It's no secret that building a porch at the dacha is not the easiest task, given that it must fit into general form buildings and also be truly functional.
In most cases, an originally designed porch can become an unusual calling card for a home.
There are a huge number variety of options final stage in building a house. Everything primarily depends on how you see a truly beautiful porch and what budget you have.
It is worth noting that if you are interested in how to make a porch with your own hands, then it is quite simple and all you need to do is read this article and perhaps take some advice from builders.
In fact, a structural porch built in a private house is the simplest platform open type with a staircase that is built right in front of the entrance to the building. The porch can be of a wide variety of shapes, with or without an additional canopy.
If we talk about the structure itself, which can be chosen for the porch and which determines the design for the most part, then they can be divided into three main types: simple, attached or built-in.
The latter type of porch is almost always designed during the construction stage of a house.
Porch of the most popular simple type- This is a platform that has additional steps and a canopy over them.
During the construction of this type of porch, the most difficult thing is pouring the necessary foundation, which will be needed in any case, even if it is lightweight design and you planned to make a wooden porch yourself.
An attached porch looks very similar to a beautiful built-in porch, but it is often rebuilt and modified in various ways.
An important point that you should definitely pay attention to when laying the foundation is that its depth at construction work must necessarily coincide with the depth of the foundation itself for the entire building. Otherwise, after the soil settles, it is quite possible that the entire porch structure will deform.
If, after the soil settles, the structure shifts towards the house, then destruction will begin from the foundation of the porch. Cosmetic repairs in this case, it will not be possible to get by and you will have to build the porch from the very beginning.
When building a foundation, it is imperative to pay special attention to the waterproofing of the foundation being built.
First of all, before starting the construction of the porch, you must decide which material you like best. Most often it is either concrete, or expensive metal, or stone, classic brick, or affordable wood.
Having decided to make a porch to a house out of wood, many simply hope that it is the easiest and most affordable option, in fact, without even knowing about large quantities nuances.
It is the photo of a porch made of wood that can easily be found in various magazines more than others. This is due to the fact that wood is considered by many to be a traditional material.
All that is needed when building such a porch is minimal construction skills, a circular saw, as well as a construction square.
If possible, it is best to use either larch or some other material as a material. conifers. They are distinguished by good strength indicators and are also quite easy to process independently.
After specially performed impregnation, the material will definitely not be inferior to, for example, material from any other hard rock.
You should definitely take care of a canopy over the porch. This will not only protect the steps of the stairs and their landings from various precipitation, but will also allow in an interesting way decorate a wooden porch short term without major financial investments.
Photos of a wide variety of canopies can also be found on the Internet and in magazines devoted to the construction of various country houses.
Hard to imagine a private house without a built porch. The process of its construction may vary. The best option is the casting of the foundations of the house and the porch at the same time. However, steps are often thought about after the building is built.
In this case, the porch is attached, for which three types of materials are used - wood, metal, concrete.
Attaching a porch to a house with our own hands is within the capabilities of many of us. Once you decide on the direction of the steps (they can go in one, two or three directions at the same time), you need to choose the height of the porch. It is desirable that it be lowered by 50-70 mm in relation to the border of the doorway.
There are two points to consider here:
For doors oriented outward, you should prepare an upper platform with a depth that is 300-400 mm greater than the width of the door leaf. At the same time, there are GOST requirements - the size of the site must be at least 1.5 times larger than the opening. For example, you installed a door whose width is 900 mm, then the size of the platform should be over 1350 mm.
When determining the parameters of the stairs, you can focus on the recommended step size of 15-20 cm. If you divide the height of the porch by this size, you can get the required number of steps.
Of course, you're unlikely to get an integer. Therefore, you can vary the height of the steps within the recommended limit, distributing the excess between them. Or provide a small step at the very beginning of the stairs. But the width of each segment can be within 30-40 cm.
There are also the following recommendations: if you sum up the tread size with twice the step value, then the result obtained should be 600-640 mm. For example, when designing steps with a height of 175 mm and a tread of 280 mm, the resulting value will be 170*2+280=630 mm, which fully complies with the criterion under consideration.
The heavier the designed porch for a private house is, the more powerful the foundation is required. If for relatively light wooden and metal structures You can limit yourself to a pile or columnar foundation, but a concrete or brick structure will require a strip foundation or a monolithic slab.
It is also important to understand whether you will connect the foundations of the house and the porch. You need to focus on the characteristics of the extension itself and the characteristics of the soil. If you don’t tie, you need to be prepared for cracks to form at the joint, for example due to frost, which will cause the structure to warp. Repairs may be required in the future.
A bound base also does not guarantee the absence of cracks. They may appear in the mass of the porch itself. Because reinforced reinforcement cannot always cover the difference in loads between the house and the extension.
This base option is recommended if the structure of the house and porch are quite massive. For example, when the latter is made from reinforced concrete. This requires a high-quality bond using reinforcement with a diameter of 12-16 mm, driven into pre-made holes in the foundation. Then the frame is built.
Stairs can be built on bowstrings or stringers. Wood, metal or combinations, including with concrete, are used for manufacturing.
The bowstring option is suitable for wooden or small house. The fastening goes like this. Inner surface the bowstring is connected to the support bars.
For metal parts, welding in a horizontal plane is used, and for wood, simply nailing bars and then attaching a step is suitable. It is also permissible to cut notches in the bowstring to install steps.
The use of stringers may involve the use of open supports. To do this, you need to cut triangles at the top of the board, the base of which will be the support for the step.
If you choose the method of cutting the stringer, you will need to orientate yourself by the height of the step and the width of the tread. It is advisable to connect them at an angle of 90 degrees. Many experienced craftsmen recommend first making a general template, which you can use in subsequent work.
Remember you need to choose the right number of stringers. This depends on the parameters of the staircase itself and the thickness of the board.
Thin boards will require more frequent installation of stringers. For example, a 25 mm board requires a distance between supports of up to 60 mm. Deflection should be avoided.
There are several options for choosing material for the extension. You must decide on the porch design yourself, based on the type of house, soil characteristics and your own preferences.
This is a fairly popular material for making an extension of this type. It is recommended to use hardwood, such as oak. Larch, spruce and other conifers will also suit you. True, special impregnation will be required.
First installed load-bearing beam. Teeth are pre-cut in it, and steps are placed on the horizontal ribs. This beam is called a stringer and serves as additional support. A distance of 500 mm is left between the stringers. Their number will depend on the intervals specified by the project.
To arrange the bowstring, take a thicker board. The two strings must be held together by crossbars. In between, stringers are attached to the beams.
Cutting out the ribs on which the steps will be fixed is done using a square. Mistakes can lead to sagging and swelling of the steps.
The width of the steps should ensure comfort for residents. And their number is preferably odd - this way you will get an additional stiffener. Well, don't forget about the railings. Their presence is desirable if the number of steps is more than three.
The presence of an overhang is determined by the overall design. If you have glazing or reliable weather protection, then its presence is not necessary. But at the same time, the overhang itself allows water to flow onto the plane of the lower step, preventing it from getting into the grooves after rolling down the riser.
When you mount the porch to a wooden house on the foundation, you can form a small trench by applying pressure to the lower beam of the stringer. Of course, if the concrete has not yet hardened. This will increase the strength of the ladder. To arrange the upper platform, take a board that has convenient dimensions. It is necessary to accurately adjust the joints to prevent the occurrence of deformations in the future.
This extension looks quite elegant. But you will need the ability to work with welding equipment and use standard parts. Moreover, the cost will not be too high. Although the use of forged parts will increase the cost and require pre-order forging elements.
A simplified version of the design is mounted using channels and corners. And then install the filling material, for example, wooden boards or high-strength chipboard.
The channels are fixed parallel to each other. The distance is selected in accordance with the designed length of the steps. A corner is made to fit the size of the steps. It is advisable to provide an additional margin of up to 1 cm at the edges for the seam.
Similarly, the part of the corner corresponding to the height between the steps is cut off. Then they are connected in the shape of the letter “G” by welding and attached to the channel. The output is metal obliques, which are connected in pairs with corners.
The structure being manufactured will be connected directly to the foundation. Each step requires high-quality reinforcement to avoid destruction of the material. First, a formwork is created for the bottom step. It is recommended to make the height of the first step 15-20 mm higher than the others.
Subsequent elements are done in the same way as laying the foundation. Each of them is securely reinforced with a mesh, and the transition to the next level is carried out after the concrete has dried at the previous level. Then rough tiles or stone are laid on top of the concrete.
You can evaluate the benefits of using each type of material from a photo of the porch. Appearance, the quality of construction and durability in operation are important factors choosing a design solution.
The owner of a country house can decorate his home if he builds a canopy over the porch of the house. This element will be an excellent protection from bad weather. You can use metal pipes, wooden beam for the frame. The casing is also made of metal, wood and plexiglass.
The canopy is mounted on piles pre-installed into the base. Tiles or metal sheets are often used for covering, although polycarbonate is now gaining popularity. Be sure to provide a slope, on the lower edge of which a gutter is attached by welding.
Even a novice master can make a porch with his own hands. It is necessary to properly design this structure and carry out the work in stages, adhering to basic instructions.
