Sea buckthorn is a prominent representative of a tree-like shrub, the height of which can reach 9 m. As a rule, it is a multi-stemmed tree, the height of which varies from 3 to 4 m, the diameter of the crown does not exceed 5 m. Thickets of a wild plant can be seen in the Baltic states, the Caucasus, Eastern And Western Siberia, as well as in cities Central Asia. Likes to grow along the banks of water bodies.
Krushina - perennial, or rather a dioecious tree. home distinctive feature sea buckthorn crop - the presence of sharp thorns, which significantly complicate the harvesting process. Most fruiting plants do not have such protection. The trunk of the tree is literally covered with branches; they are abundantly covered with sharp and hard thorns, each approximately 2 cm long.
Sea buckthorn bark is colored grayish-brown. The foliage is elongated, about 8 cm in length, linear-lanceolate, entire-marginal. It is characterized by a light green color with a characteristic silvery tint.
When buckthorn trees bloom, they produce flowers of various colors. Male flowers are dark brown in color. Each flower can have 4 pistils, all inflorescences are grouped into a spikelet of 10-15 pieces. The length of the spikelet usually does not exceed 1 cm. Female flowers, unlike male ones, have stamens. They are characterized by a greenish color, the inflorescences are grouped into clusters of several pieces. The duration of sea buckthorn flowering is 2 weeks, starting from late April - early May, depending on the region of growth and climatic conditions.
Sea buckthorn
Unripe sea buckthorn fruits have a green color; as they ripen, they become richly colored. Orange color(orange). The fruits are usually miniature and oval in shape. The time to harvest comes in mid-autumn. From one adult plant you can collect up to 3 buckets of fruit.
Sea buckthorn is not picky, so even in the wild it is capable of creating impenetrable thickets. The most suitable conditions for growth: sandy soil along river valleys. Sea buckthorn requires virtually no maintenance, since it adapts to all growing conditions, and the roots are able to provide themselves with moisture independently from the depths of the soil.
Important! The plant can be propagated by seedlings, seeds and root cuttings.
There are many varieties of sea buckthorn. The main ones:
Sea buckthorn Leikor
In the State Pharmacopoeias (SP), sea buckthorn is listed as a plant with a rich chemical composition, but the amount and concentration of substances depends on the variety, place of growth, and climatic conditions. Pharmacognosy has been interested in sea buckthorn for a long time. Scientists, through numerous studies, have established the components, which has led to the massive use of raw materials in the Russian and world markets.
The composition includes a high concentration of fats of plant origin without cholesterol, carotonin, which colors the oils orange. It is also worth mentioning the presence of ascorbic acid and vitamins B and P. All of the listed components of sea buckthorn are needed by the human body for full functioning. In addition, sea buckthorn berries contain triterpene substances, folic acid, glucose and phospholipids.
The Pharmacopoeia has found many uses for sea buckthorn, for example, energy oils and cosmetic preparations, various vitamin supplements.
Fact! Natural sea buckthorn juice is recommended to be introduced into the diet of people who have low stomach acidity, atonic constipation and hypokinesia of the digestive tract.
It is used as an addition to complex therapy of toxic hepatitis, as well as for the prevention of a large number of diseases.
High-quality sea buckthorn oils are recommended for use for radiation, chemical and thermal burns of the skin, as well as trophic ulcers and bedsores. Before applying to the skin, you must first treat the damaged areas with an antiseptic, then apply a bandage generously moistened with sea buckthorn oil. The dressings are changed at least once a day.
Sea buckthorn oil
All products of organic origin can cause an allergic reaction in humans, sea buckthorn is no exception. There is a list of contraindications for taking products based on sea buckthorn oil:
Growing crops on personal plots does not take much time because it has excellent adaptive properties. When planting sea buckthorn, it is recommended to give preference loose soils containing large amounts of organic matter and phosphorus. The place should be well lit.
Important! Sea buckthorn does not tolerate digging of soil under the crown. Root system It is well developed, so it does not require fertilizer during the growth process.
The optimal time for planting is spring or autumn. Approximate Dimensions landing pit 50*50 cm. The pit should be prepared in advance by adding superphosphate and humus, as well as wood ash. It is important that the root collar is located 3-5 cm above the ground surface.
Planting sea buckthorn
It is better to carry out sanitary pruning in early spring before the buds open. Up to 5 years, the plant needs to form a crown annually. After 8 years, it is advisable to carry out anti-aging pruning.
All varieties of sea buckthorn have average resistance to diseases and pest attacks. The plant is most susceptible to attacks by sea buckthorn aphids and flies. The most common disease is verticillium wilt. For prevention, it is recommended to periodically irrigate the plant with fungicide solutions.
Sea buckthorn is a unique plant of its kind, which has a large number of advantageous features, since it has a beneficial effect on the human body. Its extracts have been found wide application in folk and traditional medicine, cosmetology and cooking. However, to obtain benefits, you must follow all the rules of use so as not to cause harm. The culture is unpretentious, so even a novice gardener can grow it.
Sea buckthorn fruits are a storehouse of vitamins and minerals. Thanks to their unique composition, the berries are used to produce medicines on an industrial scale, and some recipes for the home medicine cabinet have come down to us through the centuries.
Other names for sea buckthorn are dereza, voskovukha, jida. In nature, there are two varieties of this plant: buckthorn and willow. The first variety is usually cultivated.
IN natural conditions grows along the banks of reservoirs on sandy soils and pebbles, in the mountains. Widely distributed in Siberia, almost everywhere in Europe and in the temperate climate zone of Asia, can be found in the mountainous regions of China, Pakistan and India.
Sea buckthorn plantings are used to secure road slopes, ravines, sands, to create hedges, as an ornamental plant and for fruit production.
Photo from: pixabay.com The value of sea buckthorn lies in its unique composition, rich in various biologically active substances. Together with its low calorie content, this berry is excellent for inclusion in the diet for dietary and therapeutic nutrition.
The fruits are extremely rich in carotenoids. The brighter or darker the color of the berries, the higher their content.
It also contains vitamin K in small quantities.
From the list of water-soluble vitamins: C, PP, B vitamins.
The following minerals are present in sea buckthorn berries: iron, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium.
Sea buckthorn leaves and bark are also valuable medicinal raw materials. They contain tannins and serotonin, which have a stimulating effect on nervous system and suppressing the growth of cancer cells.
Sea buckthorn is known as medicinal plant for a long time. True, it was originally discovered as a means of giving horses an external shine. Currently, sea buckthorn has gained widespread use in medicine, both folk and official.
For preventive purposes, fresh berries are used as an immunostimulant and to compensate for the deficiency of vitamins and microelements. They have a strengthening effect on the cardiovascular system (prevention of atherosclerosis) and reduce the risk of blood clots.
The fruits have a sour taste, so they are often consumed in the form of juice. Berries mashed with sugar are added to teas, cocktails, and desserts.
Oil from the fruits and seeds of sea buckthorn has pronounced regenerating and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used externally to treat burns, lesions of the mucous membranes and skin, and to stimulate recovery processes in the postoperative period.
Sea buckthorn oil is prescribed for oral administration for gastritis and peptic ulcers.
Extracts and extracts from fruits and leaves are widely used not only in medicines, but also in cosmetics.
Sea buckthorn and preparations based on it should be used with caution during exacerbations of diseases gallbladder and liver. It is also not recommended to consume fruits when urolithiasis and increased secretion of gastric juice due to the high acid content.
The berries are harvested during the ripening period in autumn or winter of already frozen fruits. Beneficial features berries are preserved as much as possible throughout the year. Due to their high acid content, soaked sea buckthorn berries can be stored in the refrigerator for several months. You can only dry berries that were collected before frost, with the skin intact.
Leaves and bark can be collected throughout the year, but spring collection is most effective. They are best stored dry.
The raw material for the production of sea buckthorn oil can be either whole fruits or the cake remaining after squeezing the juice. It can be dried or frozen and used as needed to make a fresh batch of healing oil.
The easiest way to get 100% natural sea buckthorn oil is cold pressed. Obtained using a juicer, the juice settles for 2-3 days in a cool, dark place. A small amount of oil will collect on the surface. It needs to be collected using a pipette or spoon. Store in the refrigerator for no more than six months. It is most suitable for cosmetic purposes, but the yield of the finished product is very small.
A drop of sea buckthorn oil to your regular cream will help keep your skin young and healthy, protect against chapping and dryness, and rubbing it into the scalp before washing your hair will strengthen it and give it a special shine.
To emphasize the taste of sea buckthorn juice, it is better to add sugar to it and dilute it with boiled water at the rate of: a glass of water and 4 tablespoons granulated sugar for 3 glasses of pure juice.
Ideal for dense, thorny hedges. Looks good in gardens and is also used when planting urban green spaces. Has decorative, silver leaves and very picturesque, bright orange berries, which can be a wonderful accent in winter garden. Besides, sea buckthorn fruits They are edible, but they should be collected only after the first frost - they will then get rid of their expressive tart taste.
Sea buckthorn or buckthorn (lat. Hippophaë rhamnoídes) shrub or tree, belongs to the Sucker family. It grows naturally in Europe and Asia. These plants are resistant to frost, drought, wind, polluted air, and are also not demanding to grow. Sea buckthorn can also be used as garden plant– has decorative, silver-gray leaves, bright (and healthy and tasty) fruits, can also be used to create hedges and to strengthen slopes and slopes of the site. Sea buckthorn is sometimes called “Russian pineapple”. It has a very exotic, original appearance.
- a large, voluminous shrub, grows quite slowly, but can grow to about 4-6 m in height, with a crown diameter of about 3-5 meters. It has irregular, asymmetrical cover and spreading, tight, woody branches that are covered with smooth, brownish bark. The branches are covered with thin, hard and quite sharp thorns. Sea buckthorn forms dense, tangled thickets, and thanks to the numerous shoots of the root system, this shrub grows quite widely.
Sea buckthorn is a seasonal plant. The leaves develop in the spring and are interesting decoration plants – gray-green above, silvery below, delicately covered with villi, 7 cm long, narrow and hard.
The flowers appear even before the leaves develop (March-April), they are small, yellow-green, have a rather characteristic smell, but are not too large. decorative value. Sea buckthorn dioecious plant , there are male and female copies. Fruits appear only on female individuals, but in order for it to become dusty, at least two types of shrubs must grow at a close distance from each other. After pollination, fruits appear on the female bushes - small, spherical, orange drupes that begin to ripen in August, but they will only fully ripen in October. Sea buckthorn fruits are edible, but they can only be collected after the first frost (previously very tart). Gloves must be used during harvesting due to the thorns. If they are not collected, they will hang on the bush until spring, providing food and delicacy for birds. Sea buckthorn is directly covered with fruits, this is also interesting decorative element in the garden.
Sea buckthorn requires a sunny area. Bushes planted in the shade wither. This plant prefers light soil, sandy, permeable and fairly dry. It grows very poorly in heavy, clayey, wet soil. But they like it high humidity air, so it often grows in coastal areas (on dunes and rocks). Shrubs tolerate soil salinity and air pollution, and are also completely frost-resistant.
Sea buckthorn can be planted both in early spring and autumn. We plant the plant in a hole about 80 cm deep and wide. It is worth putting a layer of compost at the bottom of the hole - then frequent fertilization is not required (this plant lives in symbiosis with bacteria that bind nitrogen with air). If we want to create a hedge from sea buckthorn, the bushes should be planted at a distance of approximately 80-100 cm. The soil around the planted bushes must be compacted, and the seedling should be watered abundantly. Plants are watered abundantly during the first 3 years from planting. Adult specimens are quite resistant to drought. Every year, in the spring, we dig up the soil around the bushes and fluff them up. Plantings should also be weeded.
If we count on sea buckthorn fruits, then you should remember that this plant is dioecious - dusting of flowers on bushes with female flowers occurs with pollen from the flowers of male bushes. Therefore, for 6-8 female species, at least one male specimen should be planted. Female specimens can only be recognized when they are 3-4 years old and begin to bloom - their flower buds are smaller and the total number is smaller.
Newly planted bushes need to shorten their shoots so that the plant produces new shoots and thickens well - we do this in early spring. A few years after planting, sea buckthorn can be formed in this way. Later, the bushes are not pruned because they recover very poorly. We cut out only dry, broken, damaged branches.
Sea buckthorn is growing rapidly and over time can choke out other plants, so it is worth systematically removing root shoots that quickly multiply. The shoots should be pulled out rather than cut off. Let's do it late autumn or at the beginning of summer, when the young roots have not yet become woody.
Pretty bushes pest resistant , but sometimes or may appear. Weaker plants can be infected with diseases such as fusarium and verticillium.
Sea buckthorn can be propagated seeds(generative reproduction), from root cuttings or escape (vegetative propagation). We sow the seeds in the ground in the fall or keep them () and sow them in the spring. After 3-4 years it will be possible to separate the male individuals from the female ones (when they begin to bloom).
Root cuttings We dig it up, cut it off (the bush takes root quite shallowly), and then cut it into smaller pieces and place it in penetrating soil, which should be constantly slightly moist. Newly emerged plants are planted in the ground in the spring.
Vegetative shoot we take them at the beginning of summer, they should be about 15-20 cm long and have several leaf buds. We place them in a mixture of sand and peat, the mixture should be constantly slightly damp, in a bright place, but not in the full sun. We will plant them in the ground next spring.
Sea buckthorn is suitable for dense, thorny hedges. Looks beautiful in large gardens or forested areas, in urban plantings. It has decorative silver leaves and very decorative, bright orange edible fruits. Sea buckthorn fruits contain vitamins(A, groups B, D, E, F, K, P have a lot of vitamin C, which does not break down during cooking, because the plant does not have enzymes that break down this vitamin), minerals (boron, manganese, iron), and also sugar, carotene, folic acid, tannins, anthocyanins and much more. Sea buckthorn can be used for diseases digestive system (stomach, liver), respiratory organs, skin diseases . Has a beneficial effect on the immune system, in addition, counteracts skin aging (seed oil). Medicinal raw materials are fruits and seeds (oil).
The fruits are juicy and aromatic, become sweeter after frost, suitable for jam, marmalade, marmalade (contain a lot of pectin), puree, jelly, juice, liqueur. They can also be dried.
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Sea buckthorn
Name: Sea buckthorn.
Other names: Golden tree, Siberian pineapple, sea buckthorn.
Latin name: Hippophae rhamnoides L.
Family: Suckers (Elaeagnaceae)
Kinds: Sucker family - shrubs, less often trees, with alternate simple leaves, monoecious or dioecious. The flowers are regular, single-covered, with a tubular perianth with 2-4 lobes, 4-8 stamens, the ovary is superior, unilocular. The fruit is drupe-shaped, false, developed from a receptacle, juicy with one stone.
A significant amount of tannins, dyes, flavonoids was found in the leaves and branches, alkaloids in the bark, sugars, organic acids, vitamins in the fruits; seeds contain fatty oil; in flowers there is little essential.
Plant type: Large thorny shrub or small tree.
Roots: The roots are numerous, superficial, and produce many shoots.
Branches: Branches are angular, ending in spines. Young shoots are densely covered with silvery scales, adult shoots are rusty-brown, sometimes almost black.
Height: Up to 6 meters.
Leaves: The leaves are simple, with a wedge-shaped base, dark green above, silvery below.
Flowers, inflorescences: The plant is dioecious, as the male and female flowers are on different trees. The ratio of male and female plants on the site should be 1:5, since male flowers do not bear fruit, but are necessary for pollination. It is possible to distinguish male plants from female ones only in early spring or autumn by the size of the buds: on male plants the length of the buds is almost 2 times greater than on female ones. The flowers are small, yellowish. The female ones are located on short stalks of 2-5 pieces in the axils of branches and thorns, the male ones are collected in short ears.
Flowering time: Blooms in April-May, before or during leaf bloom.
Fruit: The fruit is an orange and red fleshy drupe of spherical shape. They remain on the branches until spring.
Ripening time: Ripens in August-September.
Smells and tastes: Ripe berries taste bitter, but after the first frost the bitterness disappears and they become pleasantly sour, with the smell of pineapple.
Collection time: Leaves and branches are harvested in the summer and at berry picking time, bark in the spring. The berries are harvested in winter, when they lose their bitterness and astringency.
Features of collection, drying and storage: Fresh berries They are collected by scrubbing, and the ice cream is shaken off at a temperature not lower than minus 10°C. In sunny weather, the fruits are not collected, since when they thaw, the shell separates from the pulp. The shelf life of frozen products is 6 months.
Spreading: In Russia, sea buckthorn is found in the European part ( Kaliningrad region), in the Caucasus, in Western (Irtysh and Altai regions) and Eastern (Angaro-Sayan and Daursky regions) Siberia; in Ukraine - in the Danube River delta.
Habitats: Grows along the banks of rivers, streams, lakes and in floodplains, often forming impenetrable thickets. Used as a hedge, to strengthen railway and highway slopes. Widely cultivated in gardens and orchards.
Culinary use: The fruits are used to obtain juice, canned food, preserves, pastilles, jams, jelly and jellies are prepared from them, and used to flavor drinks. Fatty oil is obtained from the berries.
Signs, proverbs, legends: Popular wisdom says that the one who collected the fruits and leaves of sea buckthorn in the summer is stocked up with vigor and health for the whole year. It is no coincidence that sea buckthorn is called “ healing berry", "health berry", "healing gift of nature", "miracle berry", "vitamin plant", "forest pharmacy".
Garden care: Sea buckthorn - light-loving plant, quite drought-resistant, but cannot tolerate stagnation groundwater. The plant is propagated by cuttings, but it is necessary to plant cuttings of a female and a male plant at once (or 5-8 female and 1 male). Almost no maintenance is required; it is enough to apply fertilizer once every 3-4 years, and also to properly shape the bush by pruning.
Medicinal parts: Medicinal raw materials leaves, young branches, bark, fruits, seeds serve.
Useful content: The fruits contain fatty oil, organic acids, sugar, vitamins K, B1, B2, B6, E, P, PP, F, C (up to 900 mg%), folic acid, carotene, pigments, tannins, flavonoids. For example, 100 grams of fruits contain 5-6 daily doses of vitamin A, up to 10 doses of vitamin C, a large amount of vitamin E (up to 20 mg%), up to 100 mg of vascular-strengthening vitamin P. They contain more than 15 different microelements - manganese, aluminum , silicon, titanium, boron, iron.
The seeds of the fruit contain fatty oil, vitamins B1 and B2, E, and tannins. The leaves are rich in tannins and phytoncides, bioelements and vitamins (vitamin C, for example, up to 1400 mg%). The branches are rich in tannins, and the bark contains the alkaloid serotonin, which is widely used as an antitumor agent. Frozen fruits store vitamins for up to 6 months.
Actions: Sea buckthorn oil has anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, epithelizing, granulating and analgesic properties, and therefore it is successfully used to treat radiation skin lesions, burns and frostbite, bedsores, skin tuberculosis, eczema, lichen, trophic ulcers, phlegmonous acne (purulent acne), Darier's disease, cheilitis (inflammation of the lips with cracks and suppuration), ulcerative lupus, eye diseases ( trachoma, creeping corneal ulcers and so on), nasopharynx (sinusitis, chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis) and oral cavity (pulpitis, periodontitis), female diseases (colpitis, endocervicitis, ectopia of the epithelium, cervical erosion).
In suppositories, sea buckthorn oil is effective for erosive and ulcerative proctitis, erosive and ulcerative sphincteritis(inflammation of the anal sphincter), anal fissures, catarrhal and atrophic proctitis and internal hemorrhoids in patients with chronic enterocolitis.
Sea buckthorn oil is used internally for peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, and for radiation therapy for esophageal cancer. There are reports of effective treatment of patients with atherosclerosis with sea buckthorn oil. The inhibitory effect of sea buckthorn on the development of atherosclerosis is explained by the presence of linoleic and linolenic acids, tocopherols, carotenoids, phospholipids and plant sterols, which have the property of helping to reduce the amount of total cholesterol, α-lipoproteins and total lipids in the blood serum. Some researchers note the weakening effect of sea buckthorn oil on the secretion of gastric juice.
Sea buckthorn fruits (fresh or processed) are widely used in therapeutic and dietary nutrition. They are used for gastric ulcers, for diseases caused by a lack of vitamins (hypo- and avitaminosis), as a general tonic for patients who have suffered infectious diseases and complex surgical operations.
Juice from fresh sea buckthorn fruits is used to lubricate skin areas with erosive or ulcerative lesions (including lesions from x-ray radiation). To enhance the therapeutic effect, fresh sea buckthorn fruits are included in the diet.
The bark has valuable therapeutic properties. Its alcohol extract has high radioprotective activity and inhibits pathological tissue growth (the effect of serotonin). Therefore, the alcohol extract is recommended for use in combination with radiotherapy for the treatment of malignant tumors.
IN folk medicine A decoction of the bark or an infusion of leaves is given orally for diarrhea. In addition, the leaves are used for baths and poultices for rheumatic and gouty pain.
Restrictions on use: REMEMBER, SEA BUCKTHORN OIL IS CONTRAINDICATED FOR PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS, WITH A TENDENCY TO DIARRHEA AND WITH DISEASES OF THE PANCREAS!
Medicinal recipes:
Sea buckthorn oil . Pour crushed dry fruits or dried pomace remaining after obtaining the juice with an equal (by volume) amount of olive or sunflower oil (preferably refined), mix thoroughly and keep the resulting mixture for 24 hours in a heated oven or in a water bath at a temperature not exceeding 60°C . After this, squeeze the mixture through a nylon bag, and mix the resulting oil with a new portion of crushed dry fruits or dried pomace and heat again as described above. Repeating the operation three times makes it possible to obtain sea buckthorn oil High Quality. After settling for a week, the oil is filtered. Take 1 teaspoon 2-3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals for gastric ulcers, and for radiation therapy for esophageal cancer - 1/2 tablespoon 2-3 times a day throughout the course of treatment and after it completion – another 2-3 weeks.
Sea buckthorn oil is used as an external remedy. Apply sea buckthorn oil to the affected area of skin, cleaned of necrotic tissue, using a pipette and apply a cotton-gauze bandage. Change the bandage every other day. A cotton swab moistened with sea buckthorn oil (5-10 ml per swab) is inserted into the vagina for 12-14 hours after preliminary douching (course of treatment is 2-3 weeks). Sea buckthorn oil is used for inhalation for chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Endocervicitis. Endometritis. Haemorrhoids . Ectopic epithelium. Cracks in the anus.
Sea buckthorn oil
– a thick liquid of red-orange color with a characteristic taste and smell, consisting of a mixture of carotene, vitamin E and organic acids.
If the goal is to obtain the maximum amount of oil, then the fruits must be collected at the beginning of their overripening and softening, when they accumulate the most oil, that is, no earlier than mid-September. The fruits are washed warm water(not higher than 60°C) and dry until all the water dries in the shade, squeeze out the juice and collect the pulp (marc, leftovers after squeezing). The pulp with seeds is laid out in a thin layer in the sun and dried, stirring and rubbing the lumps, after which it is crushed in a coffee grinder (the better it is crushed, the more fully the oil is extracted).
The pulp (fruit pomace) is placed in a vessel, filled with refined sunflower or olive oil(the layer of oil should be 3-4 cm higher than the pulp). The prepared mixture should be kept on low heat for 1 hour so that its temperature does not rise above 40-50°C, and stir periodically; Place the broth in a dark, cool place for 3-4 weeks and shake once a day.
Then the oil is drained, the pulp is squeezed out through several layers of gauze or thick fabric, filter, let stand in a dark place until transparent and drain from the sediment. Store it in a completely filled container with a stopper in a cool place for a year.
The resulting oil can be enriched. To do this, it is heated to 40-60°C, and a new portion of pulp is poured into it. This operation can be repeated 3-4 times. After doing all this several times, you get 1.5-2 times more concentrated oil, although there is no particular need for this. There is another way. The juice is squeezed out of the berries and left to stand in a cold place. When allowed to sit, the oil will float to the surface and be removed. This oil is considered to be of the highest quality.
The remains of the fruit (pulp) after extracting the juice and obtaining the oil can be used to prepare multivitamin tea.
Use the oil in the form of tampons in the treatment of cervical erosion and vaginal inflammation, colpitis, endocervicitis and endometritis. For hemorrhoids, they make microenemas, lotions, and lubricate the inflamed surface.
Get well!
Buckthorn is the most famous plant of the Sea Buckthorn genus, which includes only two species. Its second species, sea buckthorn, grows only in some areas East Asia. But buckthorn is well known from Western Europe to Pakistan.
Its numerous healing properties brought it fame.
About decorative and medicinal properties knew back in Ancient Greece, as confirmation, there are quite a lot of references to it in ancient literature. This small tree or dioecious shrub belongs to the Sucker family and grows in the temperate climates of Europe and Asia.
Sea buckthorn belongs to ornamental plants, since her appearance will decorate anyone garden plot and a park. The height of the tree is 3-5 m, its trunk is covered with gray bark. On thin, even branches with thorns there is linear-lanceolate foliage of gray-green color. The shrub blooms in late April - early May, before the leaves bloom. By the end of August, the tree's harvest ripens. The fruits of sea buckthorn are round drupes, which are often called berries by the common people. It is better to collect drupes after the first frost, as they become tastier, the bitterness goes away and a pleasant sour taste remains.
It is best to plant sea buckthorn in sunny areas with loose soil.
Important! In order for sea buckthorn to bear fruit, it is necessary to plant 2 trees on the plot - a male and a female, then with the help of the wind they will be pollinated and bear fruit.
Sea buckthorn fruits and leaves are a real treasure useful substances. They contain vitamins A, B, C, PP, H and E.
The plant also contains:
This product is rich in potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, sodium and magnesium. A combination of mineral salts and acids, which has the scientific name “electrolytes,” is also present in this product and is very beneficial for the body. 100 g of fruit contains 82 kcal. This product has the following BJU indicators (per 100 g):
Did you know? If you eat just 100 g of sea buckthorn per day, you will get daily norm essential vitamins and minerals.
Rich and varied chemical composition This plant makes it very useful for humans. Sea buckthorn is indicated for:
In addition, she: It is noteworthy that the benefit for human body are carried by almost all parts of the plant - leaves, bark, and drupes - but the range of their use is somewhat different.
This is the main medicinal raw material of this plant. Sea buckthorn fruits:
Juice from sea buckthorn fruits is used for external use, for dermatitis, irritation, burns and ulcerative lesions of the skin.
Tincture of fruits and leaves to strengthen the body: 20 g of dried sea buckthorn fruits are poured into 200 ml of warm water and left to brew for 6 hours. After the specified time, filter the infusion and take 50 ml 3 times a day.
Oil from the fruits of this plant is highly valued in folk and classical medicine, as well as cosmetology. This product is incredibly useful because:
Sea buckthorn fruit oil is consumed as follows:
An alcoholic extract is made from the bark of this tree, which is indicated for cancer patients during chemotherapy. Also traditional healers emphasize the effectiveness of a decoction of sea buckthorn bark for diarrhea.
Did you know? Sea buckthorn fruits contain 1000 times more of the happiness hormone (serotonin) than bananas and chocolate.
Decoction of sea buckthorn bark for diarrhea: 1 tbsp. pour 200 ml of boiling water over a spoonful of bark and simmer over low heat for 5 minutes. The finished broth is cooled and filtered. Take as needed 3-4 times a day.
Decoctions and tinctures from sea buckthorn leaves are used for:
Compresses for local anesthesia from sea buckthorn leaves: dried or fresh leaves are wrapped in a bandage or gauze, then dipped in boiling water for 2-3 minutes. When the lotion has cooled to a tolerable temperature, it is applied to the sore spot. 
Although the fruits, foliage and bark of this plant are extremely beneficial, there are several cases when they should be avoided, namely:
In order for this medicinal plant to bring maximum benefit to the body, it must be prepared correctly. The foliage is collected either before flowering begins, or at the end of August, along with the harvest.
And the bark - at the very beginning of spring. You can start collecting drupes in August or wait until frost, it all depends on how you plan to prepare them.
Important! It is advisable to store dried preparations, leaves, fruits and bark in cardboard boxes or bags made of natural material. The room where they are stored should be cool and dry.
Methods for harvesting sea buckthorn:
Deserves special attention sea buckthorn oil- it is incredibly healthy, and preparing it at home is not difficult. To do this, you need to take ripe drupes, wash them and squeeze out the juice. Then the remaining cake is dried and crushed in a mortar or coffee grinder. 
Sea buckthorn powder is poured vegetable oil(olive or sunflower), heated to 60 ° C in a ratio of 1:2. The mixture is allowed to brew for 24 hours and filtered. After this, the oil is ready for use in medicinal purposes. The remaining cake can be refilled with oil and used for cosmetic or culinary purposes.
Now you know how the fruits, leaves and bark of sea buckthorn are used for medicinal purposes. This plant can help solve a variety of health problems, as well as strengthen the immune system and help the body recover after long-term illnesses and operations.
And folk recipes for combating various ailments, which include this plant, allow you to make the medicine yourself, at home.
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