I. S. Turgenev’s story “First Love” is, in a sense, an autobiographical work. The writer based the work on real story his family, describing his own youthful love experiences and relationships with his father.
The narration is told on behalf of the main character, Vladimir Petrovich, who is already old and remembers his first youthful love. Love overtook him when, as a 16-year-old boy, he came with his parents to a country estate. Here he meets his first love, an extraordinary beauty, 21-year-old Zinaida Alexandrovna.
The girl's beauty, charm and magnetism attract many fans. However, she treats everyone the same - with ridicule and indifference, not taking anyone seriously. He did not escape the ridicule of Zinaida and Volodya. But, despite the whims of his beloved, the young man is ready to fulfill her every desire in order to win her heart.
With the sensitivity of a lover, Volodya guesses any change in the girl’s mood and her love for an unknown person has not become a secret to him. However, having accidentally learned that Zinaida’s lover is his father, the young man experiences a strong heartache. After all, he understands that his father will never leave his family, since he married his mother for convenience and the scandal is not beneficial to him.
Despite the fact that Vladimir feels sorry for his mother, who is tormented by jealousy, he does not condemn Zinaida, realizing that she has deep feelings for her father, which, perhaps, are true love.
Having seduced and abandoned the girl, Pyotr Vasilyevich leaves and soon dies of a stroke. Zinaida's fate is also tragic. After getting married, she dies during childbirth.
Throughout the entire work one feels good relations author to the main character. It is clear that the writer sympathizes with Volodya, his mother, Zina. And Volodya’s father, Pyotr Vasilyevich, feels condemned. He is presented in the work as cruel, selfish, cold and greedy man. The author does not say this directly. But this becomes clear from Vladimir’s memories of his father, in which he mentions that he married his mother for convenience, forcing her to suffer from jealousy all her life and treating her coldly and aloofly.
The central theme of the story is a feeling that every person has experienced at least once in their life - love. The author managed to describe this feeling in all its forms: youthful passion, wife’s fidelity, lover’s lust. And no matter what love is, even if it brings devastation and destruction, it is still beautiful, it is impossible to live without it.
Despite the fact that his first love brought suffering to the main character, memories of the emotions he experienced, which helped him understand the meaning and charm of existence, remained in his memory forever.
The work of I. S. Turgenev “First Love” is imbued with his own love experiences that the author once experienced. For him, love seems to be a violent force in any of its manifestations, which burns any other feelings along the way, sometimes distorting them.
The narrator recalls a series of events from the past, which he considers impossible to forget. This is evidenced by details clearly stored in memory.
The reader is presented with the most interesting story the love of Vladimir, who was several years younger than his beloved. After meeting her, the young man learned what love is with its tender impulses, lack of reciprocity and passion. Zinaida treated her fans with ridicule and indifference. The reason for this behavior became known to Vladimir later. The young man experienced a real emotional tragedy, as the girl had a relationship with his father.
The finale of the work is no less dramatic. The narrator's father dies, and later Zinaida also dies.
The focus of the story by I. S. Turgenev gradual formation in the young man there is a feeling that every person has known in his life, on which the whole world rests - love. As he approached it, the narrator experienced many other worthy sensations that helped to anticipate the coming changes. From slight excitement after meeting a new neighbor to “stressful well-being” and a tragic outcome.
The author tells of a passionate love that consumed Vladimir, but was not reciprocated. He emphasized the idea that living according to convenience is a sin. Family is a gift from God that must be protected. But the main thing is that it must be built on normal relationships based on sincere love and respect.
Thanks to his characters, the author of the work described love in different forms. This is the attraction of a lover, the devotion of a spouse, passion teenage years, love as passion and intrigue. Everyone who became a participant in an insincere relationship, a supporter of cold calculation in a love triangle, remained unhappy in love and alone. The episode of Pyotr Vasilyevich hitting Zinaida with a whip deserves the most attention. Despite the pain, the girl endures it patiently. This proves mad love on her part towards Vladimir's father. The paradox is that, being indifferent and cold-blooded towards fans, she later learned what love is. However, fate seems to take revenge on her for her coldness towards those to whom she was previously not indifferent, pushing her to the destined place to experience the torment for herself.
Love penetrates the soul of every hero. However, each of them copes differently with the situation, experiences, and emotions. His father's betrayal is punished, youthful love ends with Vladimir becoming wiser, having received his first experience in love relationships, but came out of the situation with dignity.
The story teaches not to play with serious feelings, as this can bring grief to loved ones. Decisions in such cases must be thoughtful, despite the fact that it is difficult to rationally think through issues relating to the future if real, all-consuming, passionate love has settled in the heart, no matter what age.
The story “First Love” by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev tells about the emotional experiences of a young hero, whose childhood feelings have grown into an almost insoluble problem of adult life and relationships. The work also touches on the theme of the relationship between father and son.
The story was written and published in 1860, in St. Petersburg. The work is based on the real emotional experience of the writer, so a clear parallel can be drawn between his biography and the events of the story, where Volodya or Vladimir Petrovich is Ivan Sergeevich himself.
In particular, in his work Turgenev fully described his father. He became the prototype for the character of Pyotr Vasilyevich. As for Zinaida Alexandrovna herself, the prototype for her character was the first love of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, who was also his father’s mistress.
Due to such frankness and the transfer of the lives of real people onto the pages of the story, the public met it rather ambiguously. Many condemned Turgenev for his excessive frankness. Although the writer himself has admitted more than once that he sees nothing wrong with such a description.
The composition of the story is structured as Volodya’s memory of his youth, namely, his first almost childish, but serious love. Vladimir Petrovich - 16-year-old boy, main character works, who arrives at the family's country estate with his father and other relatives. Here he meets a girl of incredible beauty - Zinaida Alexandrovna, with whom he falls irrevocably in love.
Zinaida loves to flirt and has a very capricious disposition. Therefore, he allows himself to accept advances from other young people, besides Volodya, without making any choice in favor of any one, specific candidate for the role of his official suitor.
Volodya’s feelings do not cause her to reciprocate; sometimes the girl allows herself to mock him, ridiculing their age difference. Later, the main character learns that the object of Zinaida Alexandrovna’s desire was his own father. Stealthily spying on the development of their relationship, Vladimir understands that Pyotr Vasilyevich does not have any serious intentions towards Zinaida and plans to leave her soon. Having accomplished his plan, Peter leaves Vacation home, after which he suddenly dies for everyone. At this point, Vladimir ends his communication with Zinaida. After a while, however, he learns that she got married and then died suddenly during childbirth.
Vladimir Petrovich is the main character of the story, a 16-year-old boy who moves to a country estate with his family. The prototype of the character is Ivan Sergeevich himself.
Pyotr Vasilyevich is the father of the main character, who married Vladimir’s mother because of her rich inheritance, who, among other things, was much older than himself. The character was based on reality existing person, father of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev.
Zinaida Aleksandrovna is a young 21-year-old girl living next door. He has a very frivolous disposition. He has an arrogant and capricious character. Thanks to her beauty, she is not deprived of the constant attention of suitors, including from Vladimir Petrovich and Pyotr Vasilyevich. The prototype of the character is considered to be Princess Ekaterina Shakhovskaya.
The autobiographical work “First Love” is directly related to the life of Ivan Sergeevich, describes his relationship with his parents, mainly with his father. The simple plot and ease of presentation, for which Turgenev is so famous, helps the reader to quickly immerse himself in the very essence of what is happening around him, and most importantly, to believe in sincerity and experience with the author his entire emotional experience, from peace and delight to real hatred. After all, from love to hate there is only one step. It is this process that the story mainly illustrates.
The work demonstrates exactly how the relationship between Volodya and Zinaida changes, and also illustrates all the changes between son and father when it comes to love for the same woman.
The turning point in the protagonist’s growing up emotionally could not be better described by Ivan Sergeevich, because his real life experience is taken as the basis.
Composition
I. S. Turgenev’s story “First Love” appeared in 1860. The author especially valued this work, probably because this story is largely autobiographical. It is very closely connected with the life of the writer himself, with the fate of his parents, as well as with beautiful and vivid memories of his first love. As the author himself said, “in my first love I portrayed my father. Many people condemned me for this... My father was handsome... he was very good - real Russian beauty.”
In his work, Turgenev clearly traces the emergence and development of the protagonist’s love. Love is an amazing feeling; it gives a person a whole palette of emotions - from hopeless grief and tragedy to amazing, uplifting joy. Young hero going through a difficult period - her first love. This feeling changed his whole life. All the feelings of the young man fascinate the reader, making him feel the authenticity of the story told by Turgenev.
With what power the author conveys the violent manifestations of the feelings of a young man who, for the first time in his life, is faced with such a complex and incomprehensible phenomenon as the inability to control his thoughts and feelings. Zinaida's image is also amazing. Throughout the story, her image undergoes a strong metamorphosis; she turns from a frivolous and careless creature into a strong one. loving woman. Also, the father’s feelings are shown with great force, dooming him to hopelessness and tragedy. Suffice it to remember how Volodya’s father hits Zinaida’s bare hand with a whip and she kisses the mark left on her hand from the blow.
First love was a serious test for the young man. But, despite the tragedy of the situation, he managed to remain as pure in soul as he was before. This is evidenced by the following lines: “I did not feel any angry feelings towards my father. On the contrary, he, so to speak, has grown even more in my eyes.”
Turgenev, reviews of which are given in this article, were first published in Russia in 1860. It tells about the emotional experiences of the young protagonist, his first real love, who had to face dramatic and sacrificial relationships between adults.
The story “First Love” by Turgenev, reviews can be found in this article, was written by the author in St. Petersburg at the beginning of 1860.
As the writer himself admitted, he created the work on the basis of his own emotional experience, as well as events that actually happened in the writer’s family. Turgenev later admitted that he described everything as it was, trying not to embellish anything. One of the main characters was his father. Later, many condemned the writer for such frankness, and especially for the fact that he did not hide the fact that all these were real events and not fiction.
Turgenev himself was firmly convinced that there was nothing wrong with this, since he had nothing to hide from the public.
Turgenev's story "First Love" received mostly positive reviews. Both from readers and literary critics.
The plot of the story “First Love” by Turgenev, reviews of which are in this article, is the memoirs of an elderly man. At the end of his life, he recalls the very first romantic feeling that visited him in his youth.
At the center of the story is the main character named Vladimir. He is only 16 years old. He lives with his family on his parents' country estate. There he meets the charming 21-year-old Zinaida Alexandrovna Zasekina, a princess who moves in next door. He immediately falls in love with beautiful girl, who, moreover, herself shows him signs of attention.
There are many obstacles in his way. Firstly, Zinaida is surrounded a large number of other young people, each of whom strives to achieve her favor. And secondly, his feelings turn out to be non-reciprocal. Zinaida is capricious, has a playful character, she often mocks the hero, ridiculing him for his various reasons. For example, for his comparative youth.
The story “First Love” by Turgenev,” reviews of which are given in this article, captivates the reader. Especially when it turns out who was the true object of Zinaida’s love. This is Vladimir’s father, whose name is Pyotr Vasilyevich.
The main character secretly watches the scene of his father's romantic meeting with Zinaida, which, however, ends in a breakup. Pyotr Vasilyevich decides to leave the young girl. However, his wife becomes aware of the husband’s affair. The family leaves the estate.
Soon Pyotr Vasilyevich dies. He is struck by a stroke. At the end of the story, the main character learns that Zinaida married Mr. Dolsky. He is going to see her, but does not have time. Princess Zinaida dies during childbirth.
As already mentioned, Turgenev’s story “First Love” is based on real events. In reviews of the work you can find direct references to the prototypes of the main characters.
The prototype of Pyotr Vasilyevich is his father, whose name was Sergei Nikolaevich Turgenev. His personal life was not entirely successful. He married for convenience to a woman who was much older than him, but wealthier. The writer's mother is Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova. When they got married, she was 28 years old, and Turgenev's father was 22.
Sergei Nikolaevich never felt love and tenderness for his wife. Therefore, after several years of relatively happy family life began to openly stare at other women. He succeeded in this; Turgenev’s father was popular with the opposite sex. His most famous mistress, with whom he had the longest relationship, Ekaterina Lvovna Shakhovskaya. Shortly after breaking up with her, he died at a relatively young age. He was only 40 years old.
Princess Shakhovskaya became the prototype of Zinaida Alexandrovna in Turgenev’s story “First Love”. You can find reviews of the product in this article. She was a poetess, young Turgenev himself was really in love with her, but she gave preference to his father.
Her fate turned out as described in the story. Soon after breaking up with Sergei Nikolaevich Turgenev, she married Lev Kharitonovich Vladimirov. Six months later, they had a boy. Shakhovskaya had a hard time giving birth; a week after the birth of the child, she died.
In the analysis of the work “First Love” by Turgenev, it is worth noting that the author was best able to depict the emergence of a bright and great feeling that visits every person, as well as the development of love that emerged from a fleeting youthful infatuation.
The author claims that love can give a person a huge range of different feelings. Moreover, they may not always be positive. Love not only gives delight or peace, but can also instill hatred and anger in the soul.
In this work you can follow all the stages of love. The main character first experiences moments of happiness and rapture, then a feeling of black jealousy. And also annoyance and disappointment when it turns out that his main rival is his own father.
Simplicity of presentation is one of the main advantages of all of Turgenev's prose. The reader does not have to constantly arrange complex facts into a single chain. Instead, the straightforward plot creates an impression of realism and sincerity. All the lines sound very natural, because everything actually happened in the author’s life. For this reason, working on this story gave him such pleasure.
The story “First Love” by Turgenev, the analysis of which is given in this article, is divided into chapters. Each of them contains a specific, completely independent plot. Thanks to this structure, the writer can more easily convey his ideas to the reader and demonstrate the full range of development of the characters’ feelings.
The climax of the story comes in chapter 12. It describes in detail the whole range of powerful and contradictory feelings that the main character experiences for Princess Zinaida. The reader has a unique opportunity to look into the souls of the characters. Find out how they really feel and how they experience the events that are happening.
It is also important that almost all the characters in Turgenev’s story are in development. The protagonist's father is presented clearly and contrastingly. At some point, the reader can even sympathize with him, because his life is doomed. He is married to an unloved woman, and all his relationships on the side are doomed.
Throughout the story, the image of the main character, Princess Zinaida, also changes radically. Her image is undergoing a process of evolution. She transforms from the frivolous girl she was at the beginning into a truly loving, strong and independent woman.
It is interesting that in the end she turns out to be not as frivolous as she might have seemed at the very beginning of the story. Closer to the middle of the work, she appears before us in the image of an unhappy girl who is doomed to suffer in this life because of love. Literally from the inside, she is constantly tormented and gnawing by the thought that her love for married man there is no future. However, she steadfastly and courageously endures all the hardships that befall her. This speaks only of one thing - during her affair with Pyotr Vasilyevich, she turned into a wise woman who knows the value of her feelings.
In fact, the main character of the story is a real child. Youthful maximalism in him prevails over many rational feelings. For example, he wants to kill his rival, who is preventing him from reuniting with Zinaida Alexandrovna.
However, when he finds out that he has to compete with his own father, all his stormy mood goes away. He forgives everyone around him and looks at the situation in which he finds himself in a completely different way. Agree, the act is very naive and childish in its own way.
Fokeev Nikita
The work analyzes the content of chapter 16 of I.S. Turgenev’s story “First Love” and determines its role in revealing ideological plan works.
I. Introduction. Setting a goal.
Love... What is this? The arrow of Eros, which pierces the human mind and drives you crazy? The tricks of the goddess of love Aphrodite? Or maybe this is a reward to humanity for everything it has created? Or punishment for violating God's holy commandments? Thousands of philosophers throughout the entire existence of the human race have struggled and will continue to struggle with this riddle, because every person in the world has loved at least once. And each in his own way. Those people who love with all their soul, sincerely, selflessly, surrendering completely to the power of feelings, are born to become creators. One of these creators was Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. This a famous person amazed and amazes his readers with the versatility of his feelings. His understanding of love is very colorfully conveyed in his works: love for nature (“Notes of a Hunter”), love for the serf peasant (“Mumu”), love between a man and a woman (“Asya”, “First Love”) - and this is the most short list his works.
I want to dwell in detail on I.S. Turgenev’s story “First Love”, since I believe that I and my peers are waiting for this great mysterious feeling that “... excites the soul and interferes with sleep” (M.Yu. Lermontov). How to understand what has come to you real love, and this is exactly what will change your whole life, your whole life, how to grab this
an elusive thread, how to have time to say that most important word, because “Happiness has no tomorrow, it doesn’t have yesterday either... it has the present - and that’s not a day, but a moment.” It is unlikely that I will find answers to these questions; it is all very individual. But Volodya’s feelings, his experiences, in my opinion, are close to a modern young man.
In each of his works, Turgenev leads his heroes through the test of love. For Turgenev, only a loving, deeply feeling person is viable. What appeals to me about the writer is that the characters’ characters, their psychology, their views are not revealed immediately, but gradually, in half-hints: through details, a portrait, lines of dialogue, and author’s remarks. Hence the importance of every episode, every word spoken by the characters.
The purpose of my work– analyze chapter 16 of I.S. Turgenev’s story “First Love” and find out what role the episode of the game of forfeits plays in revealing the ideological and thematic content of the story.
II.Analysis of the episode.
Why chapter 16? I believe that it is here that Turgenev penetrates into the depths of the human soul, comprehending its dialectics. In this episode, the main thing is the analysis of the psychological state of the heroes, the secrets and mysteries of the previous chapters are revealed, the characters of the heroes and their future destinies are outlined.
So, chapter 16...
“Maidanov came earlier than everyone else this time - he brought new poems.” The last time Maidanov brought his poems, Volodya appeared in the company of young people - fans of Zinaida. These “new poems” are a sign through which the author wants to show readers that something new has happened in Zinaida’s life. (As we later learn, Volodya’s father appeared in her life and managed to tame her. And something very important happened: the very appearance of a new man meant an intensification of the competition for the lady’s heart). Zinaida wants to tell the whole society about her love: “The whole society was present, in full force...” This quote further aggravates the expectation of something new, completely strange, unlike the old Zinaida.
The compositional center of the chapter is fairy tale story, told by Zinaida, from which we understand that she fell in love. As you know, love changes a person, his essence. The main character of the story adjusted her entire environment to suit herself (“... you are all ready to die at my feet, I own you...”), and here we see that the mood of the “gathering” has changed. “The games of forfeit began again, but without the previous strange antics, without tomfoolery and noise - the gypsy element disappeared.” Special attention I want to focus on the words “the gypsy element has disappeared.” Gypsies are a people of free life, prone to nomadism, reckless and cheerful, but at the same time persecuted by everyone and the owner of a difficult life. The disappearance of the “gypsy element” indicates that the heroine’s freedom and riots are over, and Zinaida has found her tamer.
What is Zinaida talking about? ABOUT beautiful love majestic, proud, fatal Queen to the commoner. And immediately a comparison comes to mind with another Turgenev girl - Asya - “No, Asya needs a hero, an extraordinary person - or a picturesque shepherd in a mountain gorge.” But let's see, in what settings does the action take place? Sheer romance: music, the quiet splash of water, “the sky with big stars, yes dark garden With big trees", the fountain is "long, long, like a ghost." And all the whims of luxury: a magnificent palace, gold, marble, crystal, silk, lights, diamonds, flowers, smokes. The dialogue between the heroine and Doctor Lushin is very significant here:
Do you love luxury? - Lushin interrupted her.
Luxury is beautiful,” she objected, “I love everything beautiful.”
More beautiful? - he asked.
This is something tricky, I don’t understand.
Beautiful and wonderful...
According to the dictionary of S.I. Ozhegov, beautiful - delivering pleasure to the eye, pleasant appearance and l i: attention-grabbing, effective, but meaningless; beautiful - that which embodies beauty and corresponds to its ideals. I understood that the beautiful is more about the form, and the beautiful is about the content; it is something deeper, more serious, moral, and subtle. But Zinaida did not understand this difference. Isn't this a consequence of her upbringing? The disorderliness of life, bad manners and untidiness of the mother, tallow cinders, broken knives and forks, gloomy Boniface, promiscuity in acquaintances - all this comes into conflict with the pure, romantic, sincere soul of Zinaida. “How much bad, dark, sinful there is in me...” (Chapter 18) “Everything disgusts me, I would go to the ends of the world, I can’t bear it, I can’t cope... Oh, it’s hard for me... My God, how hard it is!” (Chapter 9). And the love of flattery is also due to a lack of education, due to the petty bourgeois desire to feel better than others, higher, purer.
The same interesting game words we meet in chapter 21. After the meeting with Zinaida, the father answered Volodya’s question “Where did you drop your whip?” answers: “I didn’t drop him, I threw him” (my breakdown). To drop is to do it accidentally, but to throw is to do it on purpose. The detail is small, but it tells us a lot about the character and feelings of Pyotr Vasilyevich.
From Zinaida’s confrontation with Malevsky, we understand how much she is disposed towards Volodya, how subtly she understands the experiences young man how much society values him and how much he can empathize. For the sake of this 16-year-old boy, the girl expels the most secular man, the count, from her home, showing amazing toughness and determination. A cold look and a cold smile are not at all in Zinaida’s character. But the ability to forgive even the most bitter insults is completely in her character. This clash with Count Malevsky will not pass without a trace for the heroes of the story; it will turn into a tragedy for both the Zasekins and Volodya’s family. It is not for nothing that the author writes about the premonition of misfortune, trouble: “everyone felt a little awkward... from... a heavy feeling. No one talked about it, but everyone was aware of it both in themselves and in their neighbor.”
It is in Chapter 16 that Volodya for the first time acutely feels loneliness, witnesses someone else’s happiness and is finally convinced that he is not Zinaida’s chosen one: “I felt a strange excitement: as if I had gone on a date - and remained lonely and passed by someone else’s happiness.”
But it’s not only our hero who suffers. Happiness passed by all Zasekina’s admirers.
(no wonder he was the only one who offered her his hand and heart):
Would you lock her (wife) up?
I would have locked her.
Well, what if... she cheated on you?
I would have killed her.
Well, suppose I were your wife, what would you do then?
I would kill myself...
And he really couldn’t survive the refusal: “And Belovzorov... He disappeared without a trace, they say he went to the Caucasus.” (Chapter 20) Apparently, he left to seek death...
The girl’s reasoning about what her fans would do if they found out about her chosen one is very informative. Belovzorov, of course, challenged him to a duel. The gloomy romantic, feignedly tragic, full of sarcasm poet Maidanov would have written a long iambic. The prudent Nirmatsky would have lent money for interest, and the vile, two-faced Count Malevsky would have offered poisoned candy. It is here that the premise of the subsequent tragedy lies: only the anonymous dirty letter planted on Volodya’s mother, the wife of Pyotr Vasilyevich (Chapter 19) will act as candy.
As we see, in Chapter 16 Turgenev’s “hidden”, “secret” psychologism is clearly manifested. The writer does not directly depict all the feelings and thoughts of his characters, but allows them to be guessed by their external manifestations. He saturates his narrative with images of the heroes’ actions; it is they who tell us what the hero feels at this time.
We saw in Zinaida a pure, searching, passionate nature, capable of empathy, daring self-denial and protest.
We saw the beginning of the misfortune that would befall our heroes: it was the dream told by Zinaida Zasekina that would push Count Malevsky to a base act and become the reason for her separation from Volodya’s father.
And we revealed the secret of Zinaida’s strange behavior, her “chameleonism”, the reason for sadness and tears, the reason for her sharply changing mood - she fell in love.
Thus, chapter 16 is an important episode in revealing the ideological content of the story.
III. Conclusion.
Turgenev published the story “First Love” in 1860. Many contemporaries perceived the heroine of the story as a girl “devoid of any moral sense.” D.I. Pisarev admitted that he did not understand her character, and N.A. Dobrolyubov wrote that “No one has met such a woman, and would not want to meet.” “The heroine of this story,” as stated in the Moskovskie Vedomosti review, “is nothing more than a flirtatious and extremely capricious and far from moral person.”
Turgenev himself once said: “Of all my female types, I am most pleased with Zinaida in First Love.” In her I was able to present a truly living face: a coquette by nature, but an attractive coquette.”
“This is the only thing that still gives me pleasure, because it is life itself, it is not composed...” (I.S. Turgenev)
IV Literature:
Municipal educational institution
"Verkhneuslonskaya gymnasium"
Verkhneuslonsky municipal district
Republic of Tatarstan
Analysis of one episode.
(I.S. Turgenev “First Love”, chapter 16)
(Study)
Completed:
Fokeev Nikita, student 9
class
Supervisor:
Tikhonova T.N., Russian teacher
Language and literature
1 qualification category
