However, not everyone fully understands what this mysterious definition means. Let's try to fill the gaps in our knowledge and understand in detail, predicate and subject. What parts of speech can they be expressed by? And in what cases are they separated on a letter such as a dash?
Definition
To understand what a predicate and subject are, you need to understand their definitions.
Subject Who? or What? and denoting the subject being discussed in the sentence. Established throughout the entire region warm weather . In this example, the word “weather” acts as the subject (that is, the subject of speech), and the grammatical features that the other person will receive depend on it main member of this sentence is the predicate.
Predicate- this is one of the main members of the sentence, answering the questions: what to do? what? what's happening? who it(or what's happened) item? It denotes an action performed by the subject of speech, its state or attribute. In the above example, the predicate is the verb " established". From the subject he received such signs as singular and the feminine ending.
Ways of expressing subject and predicate
This is one of the most difficult issues in the topic described. After all, in order to understand what a predicate and subject are, you need to be able to correctly define them in speech.
Subject
The subject of a sentence can be expressed by the following parts of speech:
Predicate
The predicate in a sentence can be expressed by the following parts of speech:
Dash between subject and predicate
The table below clearly shows in which cases the main terms
Sentences are separated in writing by this punctuation mark.
Cases when a dash is placed | Examples |
noun in I. p. - noun. in I. p. | My years are my wealth |
noun in I. p. - verb. undefined f. | The main task for newlyweds is to learn to understand each other |
verb undefined f. - verb undefined f. | Smoking is harmful to health |
verb undefined f. - noun in I. p. | Loving is an art |
noun in I. p. - idiomatic expression | My friend is a shirt guy! |
quantity number - quantity number | Seven six - forty two |
quantity number - noun in I. p. | Eight hundred meters is the length of the stadium running track |
noun in I. p. - quantity. number | The depth of our pool is four meters |
You should remember what a predicate and subject are, and also that when changing places in a sentence, they change their functions. My best friend- Julia. Julia is my best friend.
Grammar basis sentences form the main members of the sentence ( subject and predicate). That is, the grammatical basis of a sentence (predicative basis, core) is the main part of the sentence, which consists of its main members: subject and predicate. See also introductory words..
Subject.
Remember!
Subject can be expressed not only by a noun or pronoun in nominative case , but also:
| 1) numeral, adjective and participle in I.P. as a noun; Seven (num.)one is not expected. All the past (adj. as a noun)I was just dreaming. |
2) designs: Numeral / several, many, part, majority, minority + noun in R.P.; The prince had gathered in the hut a lot of people. Several ladies walked quickly up and down the platform. Some, every, much / adjective + of + noun in R.P.; Best of Students quickly solved this problem. Someone, something + adjective, participle as a noun; Something so insignificant tied in a scarf. Noun / pronoun + s + noun / pronoun in Tv.P. ( but only if the predicate is expressed by a plural verb!). Vanya and Iwent along the forest road ( plural predicate.). Annashe entered the room with her daughter in her arms (predicate in singular). |
3) an infinitive, which names an action that does not occur in time. Livein a lordly way - this is a noble affair |
Predicate.
In the Russian language there are three types of predicates. The following algorithm of actions will help you determine which type is represented in your proposal.
Distinguish!
If a sentence contains homogeneous predicates, then each of them should be considered separately.
Also watch the video presentation.
Clue.
1) Most often, the definition of a simple verbal predicate, expressed in more than one word, raises doubts:
I I will take part in the exhibition.
In this example I will take part– a complex form of the future tense, which is defined in syntax as a simple predicate. And the combination participate is a phraseological unit that can be replaced by the word I'm participating. Therefore, we have a simple verbal predicate.
Trap!
People often make the mistake of calling the following construction simple verbal predicates:
Everything in Moscow is imbued with poetry, punctuated with rhymes.
This error is due to two factors.
First, we must distinguish the short passive participle from the past tense verb form.
Remember!
Short participles have suffixes -T-, -N-, and the verb -L-. Means, soakedBut, puncturedTo- These are short passive participles.
Secondly, we have before us a predicate that is expressed in just one word, but what is it - simple or compound (see Morphological analysis of a word with examples)? Try adding some time adverb to the sentence, for example, at the beginning of the twentieth century, and see how these forms behave.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, everything in Moscow was imbued with poetry and punctuated with rhymes.
A bunch appears was and the predicate clearly becomes compound. The Russian language is not characterized by constructions in the present tense with a copula be. Agree, it sounds clearly foreign if we say: All in Moscow There is imbued with poetry, rhymes There is pierced.
Thus, if in a sentence you come across predicates, expressed short passive participles then you are dealing with compound nominal predicate.
Remember!
Words it is impossible, it is possible, it is necessary, it is necessary included in composite predicates.
To me need to get off at this stop.
Trap!
Be careful with your words to be, to appear, to appear, since by highlighting only them, you may miss another component of the predicate.
She seemed funny to me.Wrong!
If you only highlight words appeared, then the meaning of the sentence changes completely ( seemed = dreamed, dreamed, imagined).
Right: She seemed funny to me
Wrong: The teacher was strict (was = existed, lived).
Right: The teacher was strict.
Trap!
This task offers quite complex sentences for analysis and the answer options are very often similar to each other. What “traps” can you expect here?
1) Proposals can be compiled according to different models:
The answer option may omit a subject, predicate, or one of the homogeneous subjects or predicates.
Remember!
The grammatical basis includes ALL the main parts of the sentence; omitting one of them is a clear mistake.
2) The answer option can combine the subject and predicate of different grammatical bases.
3) The subject can only be in I.P.! Answer options with nouns, pronouns not in I.P. obviously incorrect (except for those cases when they are part of the predicate and without them the whole meaning of the sentence changes).
4) The answer option may contain a participle or participial turnover, which are never included in the grammatical basis.
Distinguish!
Designs should be distinguished verb + noun in V.P. And noun + passive participle.
The coordinates were calculated. ? The coordinates have been calculated.
IN first case coordinates is a noun in the accusative case that depends on the verb (i.e. addition), and in second is a nominative case form that agrees with the past participle (i.e. subject). If you change each of the designs, the differences will be visible. Let's put the predicates in each of the sentences in the singular form:
Calculated the coordinates. The coordinate has been calculated.
The subject and predicate always agree with each other, but the object remains unchanged.
5) Sometimes words which, which in complex sentences they are subjects.
[And shiny droplets crawled down his cheeks], (the kind that happen on windows when it rains). (what = droplets).
Analysis of the task.
1. Which combination of words is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences or in one of the parts complex sentence?
(1) So what is the difference between human and animal perception? (2) For an animal, only concrete things exist; its perception is inseparable from the real environment in which it lives and acts. (3) So, for example, the “TV version” of a dog means nothing to a cat. (4) Man, in the process of evolution, acquired the unique ability to create in his imagination ideal images reality, but they no longer seem to be a direct copy of a specific thing. (5) Thanks to the development of cognitive activity, in particular, the processes of abstraction and generalization, a person can isolate any individual features of the object being studied, abstracting from all other, unimportant details. (6) Thus, a person has the ability to form a generalized image of a real thing, which allows him to see and recognize common signs and qualities various phenomena reality.
1) perception is (sentence 2)
2) acquired the ability (sentence 4)
3) they do not appear to be a cast (sentence 4)
4) which allows you to see (sentence 6)
Option #1 is not a grammatical basis, since here the predicate is not fully represented, which distorts the meaning of the entire sentence (perception is = in the meaning “comes, arrives somewhere for some reason”). See point 3 in the “Predicate” section.
Option No. 2 is also incorrect because it lacks a subject. Who acquired the ability? In sentence 4 the subject is the word Human.
Option #3 true, although at first glance it seems wrong. The authors of the task are deliberately trying to confuse us. Although the word cast is not in the I.P. form, but it is part of the predicate, since without it the logic of the story is lost. They don’t introduce themselves = The images don’t give their names?!
Option No. 4 incorrect . The subject is highlighted correctly. Word which, as we have already said, can be subject. In the subordinate clause it is replaced by the word image and performs the same functions, that is, it is the subject. But the predicate is not fully represented. In the sentence it is - allows you to see and recognize.
So way, the student who chooses option 3 will be right.
2. What words are the grammatical basis in the sixth (6) sentence of the text?
(1)… (2) They are united by one desire - to know. (3) And their ages are different, and their professions are very different, and their level of knowledge is completely different, but everyone tried to know more than they already know. (4) This expressed the need of millions and millions of people who greedily absorbed all the secrets of the world, all the knowledge and skills accumulated by mankind. (5) Library visitors either studied somewhere or dreamed of studying. (6) They all needed books, but when they came to the library, they got lost in the ocean of books. (7) ... (According to K. Chukovsky).
1) books were needed, they were lost
2) they needed it, they were lost
3) books were needed, when they came here they got lost
4) books were needed, they were lost in the ocean
The correct one is Option 1, since in other variants the second ones included minor members of the sentence in the base: in the second, the word is superfluous them (addition, stands in D.P.), in the third there is an adverbial phrase that is not part of the basis of the sentence, and in the fourth there is an adverbial phrase in the ocean.
3. What combination of words is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences (or part of it)?
(1)... (2) She will die of hunger if the gates are strong and no one opens them, but does not think of moving away from the gates and pulling them towards themselves. (3) Only a person understands that you have to be patient, work hard and do something you don’t want in order for what you want to happen. (4) A person can restrain himself, not eat, not drink, not sleep only because he knows what is good and should be done and what is bad and should not be done, and this is taught to a person by his ability to think. (5) Some people increase it in themselves, others do not. (6)…
1) she will die (sentence 2)
2) what you want (sentence 3)
3) what is good and should be done (sentence 4)
4) teaches ability (sentence 4)
This is a task of increased difficulty.
Option #1 incorrect, since not all predicates are indicated by the authors. The sentence has a rather difficult structure to analyze. It is complex with a subordinate clause that is wedged between two homogeneous predicates. Therefore, you may not notice that the basis she will die must also include a predicate won’t think to step back and pull.
Option No. 2 is also excluded. Verb I want to is impersonal and there cannot be a subject with it.
Option #3 similar to the previous one. This sentence is also impersonal. Word must in dictionaries it is defined as a category of state that is used in sentences without a subject.
True is Option 4.
Sentences in Russian have a certain structure. Popular in terms of frequency of use are syntactic statements, containing a grammatical basis consisting of a subject and a predicate. The subject and its modes of expression are a separate category. Details in this article.
This is a tandem of subject and predicate. Subject - the subject performing the action. The action itself is the predicate.
Important! The subject cannot be an object, since the latter is what the action is directed towards.
The grammatical basis, methods of expressing the subject and predicate become the cornerstone on which the entire speech utterance is built.
The subject and the ways of expressing it are a special subsection of morphology.
What is it?
The subject is the main member of the sentence, denoting the subject speech utterance and answering the questions: “who? What?". These are questions related to the nominative case.
The meaning of the subject is very simple to determine - it is what the sentence says. Essentially, without a subject, the sentence is deprived of its semantic component. However, there are exceptions to the rules, for example, impersonal, definitely-personal or indefinite-personal types of sentences, where either there is no subject at all, or it is implied, but is not included in general system offers.
The main form of expression of the subject becomes the nominative case with the questions “who?” What?". An interesting situation arises here. The fact is that in Russian two cases answer the same questions: nominative and accusative. In addition, the very form of the nominative and accusative cases may match.
For example:
In such a situation, it is important to correctly determine the subject and object, and you can also use a little trick and substitute any noun of the first declension, for example, mom, behind an incomprehensible case form.
It will turn out:
From this example it is clear that similar nouns have different shapes words and endings. This way, the subject's questions will no longer cause any difficulty.
The subject, its semantics and methods of expression depend on the part of speech that takes the place of one of the main members in the sentence. It is impossible to say that the subject is a more significant member of the sentence than the predicate. So, for example, in impersonal sentences there is not and cannot be a subject, so the entire semantic load falls on the predicate.
Examples of the subject and its ways of expression in Russian are presented below.
If the form of the main member is a noun:
If the form of the main member is a pronoun:
If the form is an adjective:
If the form is a participle:
If the form is a numeral:
In addition to the above parts of speech, unchangeable significant or auxiliary parts of speech in the meaning of a noun can also act as the subject.
If the form is an infinitive - an indefinite form of the verb:
If the form is an adverb:
If the form is a preposition:
If the form is conjunction:
“I” is a connecting conjunction.
If the shape is a particle:
If the form is an interjection:
. They say “ouch” when it hurts!
A loud “Aw” (what?) came from the forest.
In addition to the unchangeable parts of speech, the role of the subject can be an indirect form of a noun (that is, a noun placed in any case other than the nominative), or a sentence in the meaning of a noun or a form of a verb that can be conjugated.
For example:
And finally, the whole form of the subject falls into the category of the subject and its methods of expression, which is a syntactically indivisible phrase, where there is a main and a dependent word. They differ different meanings and the composition of parts of speech.
If the form of the subject is a tandem of a name in the nominative case and a name in genitive case.
If the form is a fusion of a name in the nominative case and a name in the genitive with the preposition “from”.
If the form is a tandem of a name in the nominative case and a name in the instrumental case with the preposition “s”. An important nuance there will be a predicate here - it must have a plural form.
For example:
If the form is a tandem, consisting of a noun with the meaning “beginning, middle and end” of some state and a noun in the genitive case.
Phraseological forms of the subject are also considered a separate case, when the main member of the sentence is a special pair - a noun and an agreed name. For example, phraseological, terminological, or a phrase with a metaphorical meaning.
In this case, the components of a given syntactic alloy only collectively express that single and indivisible meaning that is required to understand the semantic component.
And the last form for the subject can be indefinite pronouns, which are formed from the stems “who” and “what”, constituting a single alloy with an agreed name. Such forms of the subject carry an indefinite meaning.
Thus, the ways of expressing the subject in Russian may vary and depend on the specific verbal form used in place of one of the main members syntactic construction. The role of the subject can be not only nouns, but also other parts of speech, and even complex syntactically indivisible phrases with phase, metaphorical and terminological meaning. In addition, it is worth remembering that the subject has a specific form of expression - the nominative case.
There is a set of rules for constructing phrases in oral and writing. This section of linguistics is called syntax, which is translated from Greek language means “composition”. The main members of a sentence with a consistent connection and functional semantic load are not subordinate to secondary units, have a dominant position and “dictate” the main meaning of the expression.
In contact with
The subject and predicate in sentences serve as the grammatical basis. What is the subject - this is the first of the main members in, answering questions by Him. : Who? or what? It means either an object or an action denoted by a predicate. What is a predicate - this is the second main member that answers the questions: “what to do or do?”, “What is this?”. Carries a functional load, complements the meaning of the subject.
In the structure of speech, the subject is expressed by a noun or and assumes an active meaning. To illustrate, you can cite simple, complete in meaning, phrases “Irina put the book down.” “She put the book down.” In both complete phrases, a dash is not placed between the subject and the predicate, since the subjects “Irina” in the first case and “she” in the second are units that perform an action, and the predicate is expressed in the past tense, denoting this action.
In Russian speech, the subject can be expressed both by a noun and by an adjective used in sentences.
There are uncommon speech patterns in which the connection between the main members that make up the grammatical core is omitted. Both the subject and the predicate in these cases “stand” in the nominative case and are expressed by a noun or numeral. For example: “Start location – fire tower”; “The show starts at twelve.” In writing, these phrases are formatted with a dash between the subject and predicate, since the nominative case is used twice for the declension of both units of the main unit.
In addition, if both main members of the phrase are indicated by indefinite verbs, then language standards A dash is placed between the subject and the predicate. A creative option is a humorous aphorism: “An active person is the architect of his own happiness.”
Important! If the particle “not” comes before the verb (in the infinitive), a dash sign is placed: “Living life is not a field to cross.” Such punctuation will be correct both grammatically and stylistically.
The spelling rule with a connecting dash sign depends on the competent selection of the basis - the main members, which do not depend on the minor ones. A dash can be used to connect parts of a sentence into different styles speech.
In a laconic figure of speech, which describes a mathematical operation using numerals, the subject and predicate are separated by a dash. For example: “Twice two is four”;
In simple and precise phrases containing identical concepts and definitions. Can be (geographical): “London is the capital of Great Britain”; “The Sava is a tributary of the Danube” are examples of sentences of classical identical combinations.
The dash punctuation mark is often used in short speech patterns. folk art, which are instructive in nature. These are laconic folk expressions - sayings and proverbs with dashes, the spelling of which is subject to the rules of Russian grammar. The predicate is usually expressed as a whole phrase, which contains the logical meaning of the sentence.
Examples of wise folklore creativity:
In all of the above cases, the rule is when a dash is placed between both parts of the turn.
If you come across a sentence where the predicate is expressed by a noun, then you can use standard rule, using a graphic dash sign to indicate the final meaning. For example: “Almagel – balm for the stomach”, “ Toothpaste Pearls are for the whole family.” After the dash sign there is a combination in which the predicate is expressed by a noun that explains the general meaning “ catchphrase”, convincing and motivating to buy.
The technique of using short, apt and figurative phrases is very often used in popular aphorisms and “catchy” advertising texts.
In Russian grammar, a dash sign is placed between the subject and the predicate in four cases:
In Russian writing, both modern and classical, punctuation using dashes is quite common. Expressions with a dash do not provide additional expressiveness and enhance the significance of what is being said.
A few examples from fiction:
In the works of foreign authors, the logical connective - a dash between the subject and the predicate - is also often used appropriately. An example would be
serve as a phrase from “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” by the American classic Mark Twain: “But now Tom was a free bird - that was also worth something!” Thanks to the use of punctuation, the phrase sounds short and very emotional.
As you know, sentences, based on the presence of sentence members, are divided into unextended and widespread.
Uncommon sentences that contain only the main members of the sentence are called.
Common, are called sentences in which, in addition to the main members of the sentence, there are also secondary ones.
What is it members of the sentence? We will devote several articles to this issue and today we will talk about the main members of the proposal.
Let's look at the drawing, Who is depicted here and what word speaks about its action.
Growls(who?) tiger cub
The subject and predicate are the main parts of a sentence. They form the main part (core, grammatical basis) of the sentence.
The subject is emphasized by one line, and the predicate by two lines (see the figure).
There are sentences that consist only of main members:
In addition to the main members, there are other members in the sentence. They are called minor members of the sentence:
But let’s return to the main members of the sentence and talk about what is called the subject and predicate.
This main member of the sentence, which is associated with the predicate. He answers questions in the nominative case who? or what?
The subject denotes the subject of speech (thought).
A noun names the subject of speech (thought). The pronoun indicates the subject. A pronoun often replaces the subject expressed by a noun:
From the subject expressed inanimate noun, like animate ones, you can ask a question to the predicate what is he doing? or what will he do? Actions seem to be attributed to inanimate objects:
(What?) Dew drops (what they were doing?) lay on the leaves .
This is the main member of the sentence, which is associated with the subject and answers the questions:
Sun (what is he doing?) rises .
Night (what?) was fresh .
The subject only names the subject of speech (thought). The predicate characterizes it by action or attribute.
The main property of the predicate is the characteristics of the properties of the subject of speech (thought). To characterize the action, conjugated forms of the verb are used, and to characterize the attribute - nouns, adjectives, and so on, so the predicate is distinguished personal And verbal .
The verb predicate denotes an action, and the nominal predicate denotes a sign.
So, the verbal predicate denotes an action - these are verbs in different forms:
A nominal predicate can be expressed by an adjective or a noun:
Let's look at the unextended sentence by members of the sentence:
Subject – of the year– expressed by a noun, answers the question “what?” "
Predicate – are running– expressed by a verb, answers the question “what are they doing?” "
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beginnerschool.ru
Main members of the proposal- subject and predicate.
If there is a “-“ between the subject and the predicate, then the first part will be the subject.
The secondary members of the sentence include definitions, circumstances, and additions.
Definition answers questions (which? whose?)
Circumstance answers questions of adverbs and gerunds (where, where, where, how much, why, why, how, etc.)
Addition answers questions of indirect cases (by whom?, with what?)
A definition denotes an attribute of an object, that is, we make a question of definition from a noun.
Complement - an object associated with an action (to which the action is directed, with the help of which the action is performed). The question to the complement is asked from the verb or adverb.
For comparison, the object most often receives a question from a verb, and a definition from a noun. That is, if you can ask a question about a word and definitions and additions, then you need to look at the word from which the question is asked. If this word is a noun, then we have a definition. If the question is asked from a verb, then this is an object.
The circumstance answers the questions of adverbs and gerunds.
It should be remembered that an addition is an object, but a circumstance is not an object.
Examples: In these sentences, fireworks and a wedge are not objects, but a mode of action.
Examples: In this case, the nouns knife and hands denote objects associated with action.
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best-language.ru
The predicate is the main member of a sentence, denoting an action.
state or sign of the subject and answering questions
what does the item do? what's happening to him? what is the subject?
what is he? Who is he?
The predicate can be expressed by a verb, an adjective,
noun, combination of words: 
If the subject and predicate are expressed as nouns in
nominative case, then a dash is placed between them:
The dash is retained if the predicate is added to the subject
in words this, this means, this means, this is:
A book is a source of knowledge.
Romanticism was the first word that announced the Pushkin period.
A dash is not placed if there is a negative before the predicate.
particle is not:
Lazy hands are no match for a smart head.
A dash is also not placed if the predicate is added
comparative conjunctions like, as if, as if, exactly, all the same as others:
Oil is like the black blood of the earth.
A jet plane is like lightning.
In the sentences, underline the grammatical basis.
(By clicking on the desired word several times, select a graphic symbol.)
In the sentences, underline the grammatical basis.
(By clicking on the desired word several times, select a graphic symbol.)
What does the predicate mean in sentences:
Antip put on a new shirt and belted it with a belt.
1) Action of the subject.
2) Sign of the subject.
3) The state of the subject. Wrong. Don't click on an empty field. Antipas beamed.
1) Action of the subject.
2) Sign of the subject.
3) The state of the subject. Wrong. Wrong. Wrong. Don't click on an empty field. Wrong. Wrong. Verochka is the favorite of all her relatives.
1) Action of the subject.
2) Sign of the subject.
3) The state of the subject. Wrong. Don't click on an empty field. Wrong. Passers-by looked at them.
1) Action of the subject.
2) Sign of the subject.
3) The state of the subject. Wrong. Wrong. Don't click on an empty field. Not true. The task is completed. Wrong. Wrong.
school-assistant.ru
You don't need to know much to understand this section; the ability to determine the grammatical basis is one of the fundamental skills with which the study of the section #syntax and punctuation begins
Still, it is advisable to have an idea of the following concepts: noun, cases, pronoun, verb.
For lovers of pure knowledge: any work with a sentence begins with finding the grammatical basis. That's why you come here.
For those who just want to place commas correctly: in order to highlight parts of a complex sentence and correctly place commas between them, you need to be able to determine the grammatical basis. That's why you come here.
For those taking the Unified State Exam and the Unified State Exam: in order to cope with tasks on syntax and punctuation, you must be able to determine the subject and predicate, including in very non-trivial cases. Therefore, those who are taking exams should also come here.
In general, no matter who you are, the ability to determine the grammatical basis of a sentence will be useful to you.
The subject is the main member of a sentence, denoting an object, the action or attribute of which is expressed by the predicate, and answering the questions “who?”, “what?”.
When parsing a sentence, the subject is emphasized by one line.
Most often, the subject is expressed by a noun or personal pronoun in the nominative case ( I , You , He , she , it , We , You , They).
Cat jumped onto the windowsill. In this sentence the subject is - cat .
He jumped onto the windowsill. In this sentence the subject is - He .
However, the subject can be expressed by other parts of speech. The subject can be:
1) any part of speech used in the meaning of a noun
Smart won't go uphill smart will go around the mountain.
Asleep I didn’t notice that the train had left for the depot.
They walked towards him three .
2) infinitive form of the verb
Observe Birdwatching is our cat’s favorite pastime.
3) pronouns of other categories (not only personal, but also relative-interrogative, attributive, demonstrative) in the nominative case
Who feed the cat?
You can't help but love a cat which lives in our house.
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In this lesson we will learn that in a sentence there are the main members - the subject and the predicate. The subject and predicate form the grammatical basis of a sentence. Let's learn to find the subject and predicate in a sentence and underline them.
We already know that in a sentence all words are connected in meaning.
A sentence expresses a complete thought.
The beginning of a sentence is written with a capital letter.
Depending on the intonation of the sentences there are:
According to the purpose of the statement there are:
Rice. 1. Types of offers
Sentences are made up of words. Today we will find out which of them are called the main ones and why.
Let's read the sentence: Fluffy kitten playing on the floor.
Rice. 2. Kitten plays
Who is this sentence talking about? About the kitten. What is the kitten doing? Playing. Let's close the word kitty. Let's read the proposal. Fluffy plays on the floor. The meaning is unclear. Who's playing on the floor? Now let's close the word plays. Let's read the proposal. Fluffy kitten on the floor. And what he does is unknown. Words kitten playing express the main meaning of the entire sentence. These are the main members of the sentence. The main parts of a sentence include the subject and the predicate.
Rice. 3. Main members of the sentence (Source)
Remember: subject names who or what is being said in the sentence and answers the questions “who?”, “what?”. When analyzing a sentence, it is emphasized by one feature.
For example: Schoolchildren read books. Who is the sentence talking about? About schoolchildren. Who - pupils– the subject is underlined with one line. What are schoolchildren doing? Reading. This is the second main member of the sentence - the predicate. It is emphasized by two features. Schoolchildren read books.
Remember: predicate– the main member of the sentence. Names what is said about the subject, answers questions what to do? what to do? When parsing the sentence, it is emphasized by two features.
We learned that the main members of a sentence are the subject and the predicate. The subject and predicate form the grammatical basis of a sentence.
Rice. 4. The grammatical basis of a sentence (Source)
Now let’s complete tasks that will help us consolidate the acquired knowledge.
Let's write out the grammatical basis of the sentences and underline the subject and predicate.
Spring has come. Sounding streams ran along the ground. Birds began to sing on the branches. The first blades of grass appeared in the thawed patches.
Let's check whether this task is completed correctly.
Spring has come. Came is the predicate, spring is the subject.
Streams ran. Streams are the subject, ran is the predicate.
The birds began to sing. They sang - the predicate, the birds - the subject.
Blades of grass appeared. The predicate appeared, the blades of grass appeared - the subject.
Let's insert a suitable subject.
The cold north __________ is blowing. White _________ fall to the ground. In the forest, a fluffy ________ jumps from branch to branch.
Words to insert: squirrel, wind, snowflakes.
A cold north wind is blowing. White snowflakes fall to the ground. A fluffy squirrel jumps from branch to branch in the forest.
Let's make sentences from these words. Let's find the grammatical basis in each sentence and underline it.
Crow, sitting, on a branch, black.
Gray, gnawing, carrots, hare, delicious.
Apples, on, ripened, apple tree, red.
Coat, hanging, on a hanger, on, children's.
One of the possible answers:
A black crow sits on a branch.
Suggestion basis: Crow sitting .
A gray hare gnaws a tasty carrot.
Suggestion basis: The hare is gnawing .
Red apples ripened on an apple tree.
Suggestion basis: The apples are ripe .
A child's coat hangs on a hanger.
Suggestion basis: coat hanging .
In the next lesson we will learn which parts of a sentence are called minor, we will learn to find them in a sentence and highlight them with underlining. Let's talk about common and uncommon proposals.
1. Grandfather planted a turnip. 2. The turnip grew very, very big. 3. Grandfather went to pick turnips.
Rice. 6. Leopold the Cat and the Mice (Source)
If you find an error or broken link, please let us know and contribute to the development of the project. Frequency and duration of payment of child support Even after a divorce is filed, the child’s parents are not exempt from raising and providing financial support for the minor. The financial part of the problem is solved with […]
