In that profiled timber houses- this is a modern, reliable and profitable way of building housing, no one doubts today. It is not surprising that houses, baths and outbuildings made of this material can be found everywhere in recent years. List the benefits timber houses possible indefinitely. However, in this article we have set ourselves the task of telling you about one drawback of wooden (including timber) buildings and ways to neutralize this drawback. We will talk about the natural moisture content of wood, and the problems associated with it.
As you know, wood is a natural material that was once a living organism. Like all living things, wood contains moisture. Over time, some of this moisture evaporates from the wood, and the wood begins to dry out and crack.
This may not be visible to the naked eye, but nevertheless affects the overall design. log house, causing deformation of window and door openings.
Shrinkage degree profiled timber houses may depend on many factors.
First of all, this is the level of humidity and the type of wooden material for construction, the type of wood, the season and construction technology.
Usually, shrinkage is most intense in the first three to four months after construction is completed.
In order to neutralize the negative impact on your log house of the problem described above, two complementary methods are used:
If everything is clear with a decrease in the moisture content of the material, then what is beams for wooden houses, We invite you to talk in more detail.
Royka for a wooden house- This is a special block of wood with a square section. This bar (royka) is inserted into the prepared groove at the end of the window or door opening.
Roiki help to effectively solve the problem of deformation of window and door openings. If we just saw an opening in the wall from a beam, and then install a window or a door in it, then, after a while, the drying wood will make your opening too large, and the door frame or window frame will simply fall out of it. To avoid such a development of events, install between the frame or door frame swarms reducing the negative effects of drying and subsidence of wood to a minimum.
When installing roek for timber houses, usually the following steps are taken:
Thus, by applying in practice all of the above technologies, we achieve the absence in our log houses defects associated with shrinkage and shrinkage of such a valuable natural building material as wood!
Construction of wooden houses is gaining more and more popularity. More and more people choose ecological housing and move out of town. About all the benefits wooden house many articles have been written, and they are all correct. The disadvantages are not so numerous and, rather, not even disadvantages, but the features of operation and construction.
It's no secret that wood, a natural building material, tends to dry out. wooden house or glued laminated timber must be stable. These processes take from several months to several years. As a result of drying and shrinkage, the geometry of the building changes. Of course, the most sensitive elements to changes in size and shape are the structures of doors and windows. Only accurate setting of levels and gaps ensures normal opening / closing, the absence of cracks and drafts.
For modern construction technologies, shrinkage and shrinkage of a wooden house do not cause problems associated with windows and doors. With proper construction wooden, namely, in the process of preparing window and door openings, they use "royki" - a technological element that prevents the size of the opening from changing.
After the opening is cut through, the bars at the end form an unsecured edge, which, during shrinkage, can deviate from the vertical axis, deform the opening, and even lead to windows or doors falling out. In order to avoid such complications, sawing is done at the ends of the bars forming the opening ( vertical groove). It is in it that they are inserted roik and. They are made from wooden a bar of square section or from a metal corner.
The installation of the racks requires compliance with some rules:
For installation swarms it is very important to follow the last rule. lowerThe th edge should rest firmly on the floor, if it is a door, or on the lower horizontal beam of the window opening. At the same time, the top edgeswarmsmust necessarily be shorter than the vertical cut into which it is inserted. Compliance with this condition ensures the possibility of normal shrinkage without deformation of the opening.
The person who decided to construction of a wooden house You need to be extremely careful when choosing a contractor ( construction company). Some of them even forget to just mention that there is a technology for studding door and window openings with swarms. Others offer the banal wooden house quality but as an additional option. - "We will build a great wooden house for you, but if you want it to be of high quality, pay us more."
In a reliable construction company such as ours, studding of windows and doors with swarms is not an option, but a technological construction norm that ensures the quality and durability of doors and windows in your home.
What is a swarm, casing or pigtail in a wooden house? What are they for and what is better to choose for your home? Consider the topic in our construction blog. Let's divide the topic into easy-to-read and understand points:
Roika- a bar installed in a pre-prepared groove in a window, door or archway of your wooden house. The rod should fix the opening from possible negative consequences of shrinkage.
Okosyachka or casing- a product made of solid or glued timber, differs from the rod in its shape and rigidity, if the rod is an ordinary bar, then the pigtail is a casing made of a solid timber, T-shaped or U-shaped. T-shaped pigtail is installed in the groove, U-shaped is installed on the groove, we usually use T-shaped pigtails. Periodically, a pigtail is made of a bar and a board, fastening the product with a nail joint or self-tapping screws, but we do not recommend this option. In window and door openings, a pigtail or casing is usually installed from 3 sides (on the sides and on top), installation in arched openings without an upper lintel is possible.
Royka, casing or pigtail are designed to rigidly fix a window, door or archway in a wooden house. Installing windows or doors in an opening without a shackle or a pigtail is possible only at your own peril and risk and entirely under your responsibility - the opening can lead in two planes and you will spend more time and money on correcting flaws than installing a shackle or casing in advance.
In our construction segment, almost all companies, without exception, make rods using a 50x50 mm bar. or 40x40 mm. We also offer our customers a choice of ordinary bars made of timber or a massive pigtail made of timber 100x150 mm. or 150x150 mm .. But the bar is not always able to withstand the internal stress in the wood, resist shrinkage and compensate for the possible ship of a door or window opening. First of all, we recommend using massive pigtails and casings made of T-shaped or U-shaped timber. The casing should be made clearly according to the size of the groove; jute or a modern analogue should be installed between the siege and the opening. Also, do not forget to leave a gap between the casing and the opening from above, the opening even in the house of their chamber drying material can sit down by 7-10 cm, depending on the number of crowns and their humidity. Another plus in the topic of casing- you can easily insert a window or a door into the casing and foam the gaps around, and in the case of a swarm, you will have to fence a garden with a type-setting casing, which will not add rigidity and you will have an additional fistula of cold between the bar and the pigtail, despite the jute between them , with a cast casing, you close the opening from any blow from the street!
Royki, casing can not be installed only in two cases:
The photos in this article are taken from, if you are planning to build a house from profiled timber - look at the detailed report, we have prepared for you 35 detailed photos telling about the construction from start to finish.
Royki in the construction of houses from timber.
With all the benefits and advantages of houses made of timber, the developer who has chosen this material will definitely face a question that clearly will not give him pleasure. The problem lies in such factors that during shrinkage or shrinkage, the openings for windows and doors are bent.
The level of deformation of openings depends on many reasons:
a) timber moisture content;
b) tree type;
c) building season;
d) the correctness of technological processes;
e) the rate of shrinkage of the structure.
Precautionary methods can help to avoid curvature of openings for windows and doors. The first is to use during construction work only the timber that has been subjected to additional technological drying. This will reduce shrinkage and shrinkage of the building material by 20%. The second is to use swarms.
If everything is clear with the first, then for many developers the very concept of “royka” does not mean anything.
The rods are a stump of wood, which has a square section, and are used for installation at the end of openings for windows and doors in a groove prepared in advance. Some builders call swarms spikes for openings.
What gives the installation of roek? They effectively solve an unpleasant problem, such as curvature of openings for windows and doors. If you exclude the use of rods, and simply insert a window or door block, then under the influence of shrinkage or shrinkage, the opening will become inappropriate in size, and the door frame or window can easily fall out of it. The rods are the protective shield that makes the problem of deformation of the openings minimal.
After an opening is made in the wall, an unrestrained edge is formed at the beam, and not fixed in any way with parts of the building. Having installed the window frame, followed by fixing it with fixing material to the end of the opening, when the structure shrinks or shrinks, the fastening in the beams weakens, and they sag on the fasteners. And the bars under the opening are partially released from the tongue-and-groove joints, which can even lead to their twisting. Using rojki on window openings, as an element of an intermediate paper clip, it is possible to avoid this process as much as possible.
The use of slats for doorways is just as important as for windows. But on the openings in which the doors will be located, the shrinkage pressure is more negative, since the doors are much larger in size. Consequently, the doorway is subject to greater deformation, and hence the mandatory use of rods. Studding of door and window openings, the so-called technology for the use of rods, significantly reduces the process of deformation, with natural shrinkage of the house. Royki become a reliable barrier for twisting building material. And without fail, it is necessary to take into account that the gap between the wall and the box is not less than the amount of subsidence of the structure, otherwise this can lead to distortion and jamming of the door itself. When installing door rails, its lower part is lowered to the very bottom of the opening, leaving a gap on top, which will serve as an obligatory space during shrinkage.
For all work related to the installation of rods (studding of door and window openings), certain rules and dimensions must be observed, on which the correct shrinkage directly depends. The first thing you need to know is that the natural shrinkage of a timber structure is 1/20 of the original height.
Secondly, the thickness and width of products such as slats must be clearly consistent with the depth and width of the sawn and prepared recess. As for the length of the rod, its length should be from 5 to 10 cm less than the end opening. This question is quite important, since this distance is the clearance that allows shrinkage.
The technology for mounting the racks consists in technological operations:
1. Sawing a span for an opening, the operation is the same for both the entrance group and the windows.
2. Edges are finished.
3. At the ends of the prepared openings for windows and doors, longitudinal sawing is carried out, with the condition of the consistency of the swarms, which will allow the house to “sit down” naturally.
4. Installation of the slats in the already prepared cuts, and only after that, the door or window frames are attached to the slats.
5. Filling gaps with insulating materials.
It should be noted that when mounting the rail, its lower part is installed close to the very bottom of the opening, and the upper empty part is a space for shrinkage. When driving the rod into the groove, it should enter it quite tightly, but not forever. The boxes are attached directly to the rails and to the bottom edge of the opening. The height of windows (doors) and rails must be consistent with each other. Between the upper parts of the opening and the box, a space of _ + 5 cm is left for insulation.
In order to avoid negative aspects during the shrinkage process at home, you must adhere to the following rules
Installation of rods provides protection against fastening of openings. If they are not used, under the influence of shrinkage, the opening will become inappropriate in size.
After they make it in the wall, at the beam, an edge that is not supported by anything to the parts of the building will be formed. After installing the window frame, the process of shrinkage of the structure will begin, while the beam weakens, and the frame sags on the fasteners. By applying swivels on window openings, it is possible to minimize this negative process as much as possible.
When installing doors, in, the importance of rods is no less great. After all, doors are subjected to even higher pressure due to their size and can be deformed. The use of swivels can minimize the effect of shrinkage. When installing rods in doors, it is necessary to take into account the gap between the wall space and the frame in order to avoid distortion. We must fix the lower part of the door butt, and at the top we set the gap for the shrinkage process.
When making shovels, it is necessary to consider the following nuances
