Vortex heat generators are devices with which you can quite easily heat a living space. This is achieved only through the use of an electric motor and a pump. In general, this device can be called economical, and it does not entail large expenses. Standard scheme connecting a vortex heat generator involves the use of a circulation pump. Should be located at the top check valve. Due to this, it is able to withstand high pressure.
A variety of heating devices can be used for heating. The most commonly used are radiators and convectors. Also integral part systems of any model are considered to be a control unit with a temperature sensor and a mud pan. To assemble a vortex heat generator with your own hands, you need to become more familiar with its most well-known modifications.
Making a vortex heat generator with a radial chamber with your own hands (drawings and diagrams are shown below) is quite difficult. IN in this case The rotor must be selected to be powerful and the maximum pressure must withstand at least 3 bar. You should also make a housing for the device. The thickness of the metal must be at least 2.5 mm. In this case, the outlet diameter should be 5.5 cm. All this will allow the device to be successfully welded to the pipe.
The outlet valve is located in the device not very far from the edge of the flange. You should also choose a snail for the model. Typically, in this case it is used steel type. In order for it to wear off, its ends must be sharpened in advance. In this situation, a rubber seal can be used. Its minimum thickness should be 2.2 mm. The outlet diameter, in turn, is welcome at 4.5 cm. Separate attention should be paid to the diffuser. Using this device, warm air enters the chamber. The radial modification differs in that it has many tubules. You can cut them yourself using a machine.
It is made with a C-shaped vortex chamber for the home using a welding machine. In this case, it is necessary first of all to assemble the housing for the snail. In this case, the cover must be detached separately. To do this, some experts advise cutting threads. The diffuser is not used large diameter. The seal is used only at the outlet. There should be two valves in total in the system. The snail can be secured to the body using a bolt. However, it is important to fix the protective ring on it. The outlet from the rotor should be located at a distance of about 3.5 cm.
The Potapov vortex heat generator is assembled with your own hands using a rotor on two disks. Its minimum diameter must be 3.5 cm. In this case, stators are most often installed of the cast iron type. The housing for the device can be made of steel, but the thickness of the metal in this case must be at least about 2.2 mm. The casing for the vortex heat generator is selected to be approximately 3 mm thick. All this is necessary so that the snail sits quite tightly over the rotor. In this case, it is also important to use a tight clamping ring.
A casing is installed at the outlet, but its thickness must be approximately 2.2 mm. In order to secure the ring, you must use a sleeve. The fitting in this case should be located above the snail. The diffusers used for this device are the simplest. With this mechanism there are only two valves. One of them must be located above the rotor. In this case, the minimum clearance at the camera should be 2 mm. The cover is most often removed by thread. The electric motor for the device must have a power of at least 3 kW. Due to this, the maximum pressure in the system can increase to 5 bar.
You can make a vortex cavitation heat generator with your own hands using an electric motor with a power of about 5 kW. The housing for the device must be selected of a cast iron type. In this case minimum diameter the output must be 4.5 cm. The rotors for this model are suitable only for two disks. In this case, it is important to use manual modification of the stator. It is installed in a vortex heat generator above the cochlea.
It is better to use a small diffuser itself. If desired, you can sharpen it from a pipe. It is better to use a gasket under the snail with a thickness of about 2 mm. However, in this situation, a lot depends on the seals. They must be installed immediately above the central bushing. In order for the air to circulate quickly, it is important to make an additional stand. In this case, the cover for the device is selected on the thread.
A vortex heat generator is assembled into three outputs with your own hands (the drawings are shown below) in the same way as the previous modification. However, the difference is that the rotor for the device must be selected on one disk. In this case, three valves are most often used in the mechanism. Gaskets for packing are used only as a last resort.
Some experts also recommend using plastic seals for the snail. They are perfect for waterproofing. You should also install a protective ring under the cover. All this is necessary in order to reduce fitting wear. Electric motors for vortex heat generators are mainly selected with a power of about 4 kW. The coupling should be designed to be quite elastic. Finally, it should be noted that a flange is installed at the base of the snail.
Assembling a vortex heat generator with a collector with your own hands is necessary by preparing the housing. In this case, two exits should be provided. Additionally, you should carefully grind the inlet hole. In this situation, it is important to select a separate lid with a thread. Electric motors with a commutator are mainly installed at medium power. In such a situation, energy consumption will be insignificant.
The snail is selected from a steel type and is installed directly on the gasket. In order to fit it to the outlet hole, it is best to use a file. In this case, to construct the housing it is necessary to have a welding inverter. The collector, like the volute, must stand on the gasket. In this case, the sleeve is secured in the model using a clamping ring.
To assemble vortex heat generators with tangential channels with your own hands, you must first select a good seal. Thanks to this, the device will maintain its temperature for as long as possible. The motor is most often installed with a power of about 3 kW. All this gives good performance if the volute and diffuser are installed correctly.
In this case, the oil seal is adjusted all the way to the rotor. In order to secure it, many experts recommend using double-sided washers. In this case, the clamping rings are also installed. If the bushing for the fitting does not fit, then it can be ground. It is possible to make a chamber with channels using a cutter.
Do-it-yourself vortex heat generators with unidirectional twists are quite simple to assemble. In this case, work must begin as standard with preparing the device body. Much in this situation depends on the dimensions of the electric motor. Collectors, in turn, are used quite rarely.
Unidirectional twisting is installed only after the flange is fixed. In turn, the casing is used only at the inlet. All this is necessary in order to reduce bushing wear. In general, unidirectional twists eliminate the need for fittings. At the same time, assembling a vortex heat generator will be inexpensive.
You can assemble a vortex heat generator with ring bushings with your own hands only with the help of welding inverter. In this case, it is necessary to prepare the exit hole in advance. The flange in the device should only be installed on the clamping ring. It is also important to choose high-quality oil for the device. All this is necessary so that the wear of the ring is not significant. The bushing in this case is installed directly under the snail. However, the lid for it is used quite rarely. In this situation, it is necessary to calculate the distance to the rack in advance. It should not touch the clutch.
In order to make a vortex heat generator with a drive mechanism with your own hands, you first need to select a good electric motor. Its power must be at least 4 kW. All this will give good thermal performance. The housings for the device are most often cast iron. In this case, the outlet holes must be ground separately. To do this, you can use a file. It is more advisable to select a manual rotor for an electric motor. The coupling must be attached to a protective washer. Many experts advise installing the snail only after the diffuser.
This will make it possible to put a seal on the top cover. The drive mechanism itself must be located above the electric motor. However, today there are modifications with its side installation. In this case, the racks must be welded at both ends. All this will significantly increase the strength of the device. The last thing to do is install the rotor. At this stage Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to fixing the casing.
To heat private houses and apartments, autonomous generators are often used. We propose to consider what an induction vortex heat generator is, its operating principle, how to make a device with your own hands, as well as drawings of the devices.
Exist different types vortex heat generators are mainly distinguished by their shape. Previously, only tubular models were used; now round, asymmetrical or oval ones are actively used. It should be noted that this small device can provide completely heating system, and when the right approach There is also hot water supply.
Photo – Vortex type mini heat generatorA vortex and hydro-vortex heat generator is a mechanical device that separates compressed gas from hot and cold streams. The air coming out of the “hot” end can reach a temperature of 200 ° C, and from the cold end it can reach -50. It should be noted that the main advantage of such a generator is that it electrical device has no moving parts, everything is permanently fixed. Pipes are most often made of stainless alloy steel, which has excellent resistance to high temperatures and external destructive factors (pressure, corrosion, shock loads).
Photo – Vortex heat generator The compressed gas is blown tangentially into the vortex chamber, after which it is accelerated to a high rotation speed. Due to the conical nozzle at the end of the outlet pipe, only the "incoming" part of the compressed gas is allowed to move into in this direction. The rest is forced to return to the internal vortex, which is smaller in diameter than the outer one.
Where are vortex heat generators used:
It must be taken into account that the vortex gas and hydraulic generator has lower efficiency than traditional air conditioning equipment. They are widely used for low cost spot cooling when available compressed air from the local heating network.
Video: Exploring vortex heat generators
There are various explanations for the reasons for the occurrence of the vortex effect of rotation in the complete absence of movement and magnetic fields.
Photo – Scheme of a vortex heat generator In this case, the gas acts as a body of rotation due to its rapid movement inside the device. This operating principle is different from generally accepted standard, where cold and hot air, because when flows are combined, according to the laws of physics, different pressures are formed, which in our case causes a vortex movement of gases.
Due to the presence of centrifugal force, the air temperature at the outlet is much higher than its inlet temperature, this allows the devices to be used both for heat generation and for effective cooling.
There is another theory of the principle of operation of the heat generator, due to the fact that both vortices rotate with the same angular velocity and direction, the internal vortex angle loses its angular momentum. The decrease in torque transfers kinetic energy to the external vortex, resulting in the formation of separated flows of hot and cold gas. This operating principle is complete analogue Peltier effect, in which the device uses electrical energy pressure (voltage) to move heat to one side of a dissimilar metal junction, causing the other side to cool and the energy consumed to return to the source.
Photo - Operating principle of the hydrotype generator Advantages of a vortex heat generator:
This alternative heating at almost zero cost, the volt perfectly heats the room from 100 square meters(depending on modification). Main disadvantages: This high price and rare use in practice.
Vortex heat generators are very complex devices; in practice, you can make an automatic Potapov VTG, the circuit of which is suitable for both home and industrial work.
Photo – Potapov vortex heat generator This is how Potapov’s mechanical heat generator (efficiency 93%) appeared, the diagram of which is shown in the figure. Despite the fact that Nikolai Petrakov was the first to receive a patent, it is Potapov’s device that enjoys particular success among home craftsmen.
This diagram shows the design of a vortex generator. Mixing pipe 1 is connected to the pressure pump by a flange, which in turn supplies liquid with a pressure of 4 to 6 atmospheres. When water enters the collector, in drawing 2, a vortex is formed and it is fed into a special vortex tube (3), which is designed so that the length is 10 times greater than the diameter. A vortex of water moves along a spiral pipe near the walls to the hot nozzle. This end ends with bottom 4, in the center of which there is a special hole for the outlet of hot water.
To control the flow, a special braking device, or water flow straightener 5, is located in front of the bottom; it consists of several rows of plates that are welded to the sleeve in the center. The sleeve is coaxial with tube 3. At the moment when water moves through the pipe to the rectifier along the walls, a countercurrent flow is formed in the axial section. Here the water moves towards fitting 6, which is embedded in the wall of the volute and the liquid supply pipe. Here the manufacturer installed another 7 disk flow straightener to control the flow cold water. If heat comes out of the liquid, it is directed through a special bypass 8 to the hot end 9, where the water is mixed with the heated water using the mixer 5.
Directly from the hot water pipe, the liquid flows into the radiators, after which it makes a “circle” and returns to the coolant for reheating. Next, the source heats the liquid, the pump repeats the circle.
According to this theory, there are even modifications of the heat generator for mass production low pressure. Unfortunately, the projects are only good on paper; in reality, few people use them, especially considering that the calculation is carried out using the Virial theorem, which must take into account the energy of the Sun (a non-constant value) and the centrifugal force in the pipe.
The formula is as follows:
Epot = – 2 Ekin
Where Ekin = mV2/2 is the kinetic movement of the Sun;
The mass of the planet is m, kg.
A household vortex-type heat generator for Potapov water may have the following specifications:
Photo – Modifications of vortex heat generators Despite their relative simplicity, it is often easier to buy vortex cavitation heat generators than to assemble them yourself homemade device. Sales of new generation generators are carried out in many large cities of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.
Let's look at the price list from open sources (mini-devices will be cheaper), how much the Mustafaev, Bolotov and Potapov generator costs:
The lowest price for a vortex energy heat generator of the brands Akoil, Vita, Graviton, Must, Euroalliance, Yusmar, NTK, in Izhevsk, for example, is about 700,000 rubles. When purchasing, be sure to check the device passport and quality certificates.
The purpose of the Potapov vortex heat generator (VTG), made by yourself, is to obtain heat only with the help of an electric motor and a pump. This device is mainly used as an economical heater.
Since there are no studies to determine the parameters of the product depending on the power of the pump, approximate dimensions will be covered.
The easiest way is to make a vortex heat generator from standard parts. Any electric motor will do this. The more powerful it is, the larger volume of water it will heat to a given temperature.
You need to select a motor depending on what voltage is available. There are many schemes with which you can connect a 380 Volt motor to a 220 Volt network and vice versa. But that's another topic.
The assembly of the heat generator begins with an electric motor. It will need to be secured to the frame. The design of this device is metal carcass, which is easiest to make from a square. Dimensions will need to be selected on site for those devices that will be available.
List of tools and materials:
Now you will need to select a water pump. Now in specialized stores you can purchase a unit of any modification and power. What should you pay attention to?
Install a pump on the frame; if you need to make more cross members, make them either from a corner or from strip iron of the same thickness as the corner. It is hardly possible to make a coupling without lathe. Therefore, you will have to order it somewhere.
Potapov's vortex heat generator consists of a housing made in the form of a closed cylinder. At its ends there must be through holes and pipes for connection to the heating system. The secret of the design is inside the cylinder. There should be a nozzle behind the inlet hole. Its hole is selected individually for a given device, but it is desirable that it be half the size of a quarter of the diameter of the pipe body. If you do less, the pump will not be able to pass water through this hole and will begin to heat up. In addition, internal parts will begin to rapidly deteriorate due to the phenomenon of cavitation.
Tools: angle grinder or hacksaw, welding machine, electric drill, adjustable wrench.
Materials: thick metal pipe, electrodes, drills, 2 threaded pipes, couplings.
Water under the pressure created by the pump will pass through the nozzle of the vortex heat generator, which you make yourself. In the chamber it will begin to heat up due to intense stirring. Then feed it into the heating system. To regulate the temperature, install a ball locking device behind the nozzle. Cover it, and the vortex heat generator will circulate water inside the housing longer, which means the temperature in it will begin to rise. This is roughly how this heater works.
Heat loss occurs in the pump. So Potapov’s vortex heat generator in this version has a significant drawback. Therefore, it is logical to surround the submerged pump with a water jacket so that its heat is also used for useful heating.
Make the outer casing of the entire device slightly larger than the diameter of the existing pump. It could be either finished pipe that is desirable, either made from sheet material parallelepiped. Its dimensions must be such that the pump, coupling and the generator itself fit inside. The thickness of the walls must withstand the pressure in the system.
To reduce heat loss, install thermal insulation around the device body. It can be protected with a casing made of tin. As an insulator, use any thermal insulation material that can withstand the boiling point of the liquid.
Weld a flange on the opposite end of the pipe. With its help the cover will be attached through a rubber gasket. To make it easier to mount the insides, make a simple, lightweight frame or skeleton. Assemble the device inside it. Check the fit and tightness of all components. Insert into the housing and close the lid.
Connect to consumers and check everything for leaks. If there are no leaks, turn on the pump. By opening and closing the valve located at the outlet of the generator, adjust the temperature.
First you need to make the insulation casing. For this, take a sheet of galvanized sheet or thin aluminum. Cut two rectangles out of it if you are making a casing from two halves. Or one rectangle, but in such a way that after manufacturing it will completely fit the Potapov vortex heat generator, which you assembled with your own hands.
It is best to bend the sheet on a large diameter pipe or use a cross member. Place the cut sheet on it and press it on top with your hand wooden block. With your second hand, press the sheet of tin so that a small bend is formed along its entire length. Advance the workpiece a little and repeat the operation again. Do this until you get a cylinder.
There is another way to increase heat production: to do this, you need to understand how the Potapov vortex generator works, the efficiency of which can approach 100% and higher (there is no consensus on why this happens).
As water passes through the nozzle or nozzle, a powerful stream is created at the outlet, which hits the opposite end of the device. It twists, and heating occurs due to the friction of the molecules. This means that by placing an additional barrier inside this flow, you can increase the mixing of the liquid in the device.
Once you know how it works, you can begin to design additional improvements. This will be a vortex damper made of longitudinal plates located inside two rings in the form of an aircraft bomb stabilizer.
Tools: welding machine, angle grinder.
Materials: sheet metal or strip iron, thick-walled pipe.
Make two rings 4-5 cm wide from a pipe of smaller diameter than Potapov’s vortex heat generator. Cut identical strips from strip metal. Their length should be equal to a quarter of the length of the body of the heat generator itself. Select the width so that after assembly there is a free hole inside.
Probably, this product can be further improved. For example, instead of parallel plates, use steel wire, winding it into an air ball. Or make holes of different diameters on the plates. Nothing is said about this improvement anywhere, but this does not mean that it is not worth doing.
Build a small laboratory stand where you will test all the characteristics. To do this, do not connect consumers, but loop the pipeline to the generator. This will simplify its testing and selection of the necessary parameters. Since complex instruments for determining the efficiency factor at home can hardly be found, the following test is proposed.
Turn on the vortex heat generator and note the time when it heats the water to a certain temperature. It is better to have an electronic thermometer, it is more accurate. Then make changes to the design and run the experiment again, monitoring the temperature increase. The more the water heats up at the same time, the more preference will need to be given to the final version of the installed improvement in the design.
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Potapov's heat generator is not known to the general public and has not yet been well studied. scientific point vision. For the first time, Yuri Semenovich Potapov dared to try to implement the idea that came to mind towards the end of the eighties of the last century. The research was carried out in the city of Chisinau. The researcher was not mistaken, and the results of the attempts exceeded all his expectations.
The finished heat generator was patented and put into use common use only at the beginning of February 2000.
All existing opinions regarding the heat generator created by Potapov differ quite greatly. Some consider it to be an almost worldwide invention; they attribute to it very high operating efficiency - up to 150%, and in some cases up to 200% energy savings. It is believed that an inexhaustible source of energy has been practically created on Earth without harmful consequences for environment. Others argue the opposite - they say that all this is quackery, and the heat generator, in fact, requires even more resources than when using its standard analogues.
According to some sources, Potapov’s developments are prohibited in Russia, Ukraine and Moldova. According to other sources, at the moment, in our country, thermogenerators of this type are produced by several dozen factories and they are sold all over the world; they have long been in demand and take prizes at various technical exhibitions.
You can imagine what Potapov’s heat generator looks like by carefully studying the diagram of its structure. Moreover, it consists of fairly standard parts, and what we're talking about, it won’t be difficult to understand.
So, the central and most fundamental part of the Potapov heat generator is its body. He takes central position throughout the structure and has a cylindrical shape, it is installed vertically. A cyclone is attached to the lower part of the body, its foundation, at the end to generate vortex flows in it and increase the speed of fluid movement. Since the installation is based on high-speed phenomena, its design had to include elements that slow down the entire process for more convenient control.
For such purposes, a special braking device is attached to the body on the opposite side of the cyclone. It is also cylindrical in shape, with an axis installed in the center. Several ribs, no more than two, are attached to the axis along the radii. Following the braking device there is a bottom equipped with an outlet for liquid. Further down the line, the hole is transformed into a pipe.
These are the main elements of the heat generator, all of them are located in a vertical plane and tightly connected. Additionally, the liquid outlet pipe is equipped with a bypass pipe. They are tightly fastened and ensure contact between the two ends of the chain of main elements: that is, the pipe in the upper part is connected to the cyclone in the lower part. An additional small braking device is provided at the junction of the bypass pipe with the cyclone. An injection pipe is attached to the end part of the cyclone at a right angle to the axis of the main chain of elements of the device.
The injection pipe is provided by the design of the device for the purpose of connecting the pump with the cyclone, inlet and outlet pipelines for liquid.
Yuri Semenovich Potapov was inspired to create a heat generator by the Ranque vortex tube. The Ranque tube was invented to separate hot and cold air masses. Later, they began to put water into the Ranka pipe in order to obtain a similar result. The vortex flows originated in the so-called cochlea - the structural part of the device. During the use of the Ranque pipe, it was noticed that the water, after passing through the snail-shaped expansion of the device, changed its temperature in a positive direction.
Potapov drew attention to this unusual phenomenon, not fully substantiated from a scientific point of view, and used it to invent a heat generator with only one slight difference in the result. After the water passed through the vortex, its flows were not sharply divided into hot and cold, as happened with the air in the Ranka pipe, but into warm and hot. As a result of some measurement studies new development Yuri Semenovich Potapov found out that the most energy-consuming part of the entire device is electric pump- spends much less energy than it is produced as a result of work. This is the principle of efficiency on which the heat generator is based.
In general, there is nothing complicated or unusual in the method of operation of Potapov’s heat generator.
The operating principle of this invention is based on the process of cavitation, hence it is also called a vortex heat generator. Cavitation is based on the formation of air bubbles in the water column, caused by the force of the vortex energy of the water flow. The formation of bubbles is always accompanied by a specific sound and the formation of a certain energy as a result of their impacts at high speed. Bubbles are cavities in water filled with vapors from the water in which they themselves formed. The liquid has constant pressure onto the bubble, accordingly, it tends to move from the area high pressure to the low area in order to survive. As a result, it cannot withstand the pressure and sharply contracts or “bursts,” while splashing out energy, forming a wave.
The released “explosive” energy of a large number of bubbles is so powerful that it can destroy impressive metal constructions. It is this energy that serves as additional energy during heating. A completely closed circuit is provided for the heat generator, in which very small bubbles are formed that burst in the water column. They do not have such destructive power, but provide an increase in thermal energy of up to 80%. The circuit ensures maintenance alternating current voltage up to 220V, the integrity of electrons important for the process is preserved.
As already mentioned, for the operation of a thermal installation, the formation of a “water vortex” is necessary. The built-in thermal installation a pump that generates the required level of pressure and forcefully directs it into the working container. When turbulence occurs in water, certain changes occur with mechanical energy in the thickness of the liquid. As a result, the same temperature regime begins to be established. Additional energy is created, according to Einstein, by the transition of a certain mass into required heat, the whole process is accompanied by cold nuclear fusion.
To fully understand all the subtleties in the nature of the operation of a device such as a heat generator, all stages of the liquid heating process should be considered step by step.
In the heat generator system, the pump creates a pressure of 4 to 6 atm. Under the created pressure, water flows under pressure into the injection pipe connected to the flange of the running centrifugal pump. A stream of liquid rapidly rushes into the cavity of the cochlea, similar to the snail in Ranque's tube. The liquid, as in the experiment done with air, begins to rotate quickly along a curved channel to achieve the cavitation effect.
The next element that contains the heat generator and where the liquid enters is a vortex tube, at this moment the water has already reached the same character and is moving rapidly. In accordance with Potapov’s developments, the length of the vortex tube is several times greater than its width. The opposite edge of the vortex tube is already hot, and the liquid is directed there.
To reach the required point, it travels its way along a helical spiral. The helical spiral is located near the walls of the vortex tube. After a moment, the liquid reaches its destination - the hot spot of the vortex tube. This action completes the movement of liquid through the main body of the device. Next, the main braking device is structurally provided. This device is designed to partially remove hot liquid from its acquired state, that is, the flow is somewhat leveled thanks to radial plates mounted on the sleeve. The sleeve has an internal empty cavity, which is connected to a small braking device following the cyclone in the heat generator structure.
Along the walls of the braking device, the hot liquid moves closer and closer to the outlet of the device. Meanwhile, a vortex flow of withdrawn cold fluid flows through the inner cavity of the main brake device bushing towards the flow of hot liquid.
The contact time of the two flows through the walls of the sleeve is sufficient to heat the cold liquid. And now the warm flow is directed to the exit through a small braking device. Additional heating of the warm flow is carried out during its passage through the braking device under the influence of the phenomenon of cavitation. The well-heated liquid is ready to leave the small braking device through the bypass and pass through the main outlet pipe connecting the two ends of the main circuit of the elements of the thermal device.
The hot coolant is also directed to the outlet, but in opposite direction. Let us remember that a bottom is attached to the upper part of the braking device; in the central part of the bottom there is a hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the vortex tube.
The vortex tube, in turn, is connected by a hole in the bottom. Consequently, the hot liquid ends its movement through the vortex tube by passing into the bottom hole. The hot liquid then enters the main outlet pipe, where it mixes with the warm flow. This completes the movement of liquids through the Potapov heat generator system. At the outlet of the heater, water comes from the upper part of the outlet pipe - hot, and from the lower part - warm, in which it is mixed, ready for use. Hot water can be used either in the water supply for household needs, or as a coolant in the heating system. All stages of the heat generator operation take place in the presence of ether.
As you know, heated water in a Potapov thermogenerator can be used for various household purposes. It can be quite profitable and convenient to use a heat generator as a structural unit of a heating system. Based on the indicated economic parameters of the installation, no other device can compare in terms of savings.
So, when using a Potapov heat generator to heat the coolant and put it into the system, the following order is provided: the already used liquid with a lower temperature from the primary circuit again enters the centrifugal pump. In turn, the centrifugal pump sends warm water through the pipe directly into the heating system.
The most obvious advantage of heat generators is fairly simple maintenance, despite the possibility of free installation without requiring special permission from power grid employees. It is enough to check the rubbing parts of the device - bearings and seals - once every six months. At the same time, according to suppliers, the average guaranteed service life is up to 15 years or more.
Potapov's heat generator is completely safe and harmless to the environment and the people using it. Environmental friendliness is justified by the fact that during the operation of a cavitation heat generator, emissions of harmful products into the atmosphere from the processing of natural gas, solid fuel materials and diesel fuel. They are simply not used.
The work is powered by the electrical network. The possibility of fire due to lack of contact with open flame is excluded. Additional security is provided by the device’s instrument panel; it provides total control over all processes of temperature and pressure changes in the system.
Economic efficiency when heating a room with heat generators is expressed in several advantages. Firstly, there is no need to worry about the quality of water when it plays the role of a coolant. There is no need to think that it will harm the entire system just because of its poor quality. Secondly, there is no need to make financial investments in the arrangement, laying and maintenance of heating routes. Thirdly, heating water using physical laws and the use of cavitation and vortex flows completely eliminates the appearance of calcium stones on the internal walls of the installation. Fourthly, spending money on transportation, storage and purchase of previously necessary fuel materials (natural coal, solid fuel materials, petroleum products) is eliminated.
The undeniable advantage of heat generators for home use lies in their exceptional versatility. The range of applications of heat generators in everyday life is very wide:
A completely unexpected advantage is that the heat generator can even be used for oil refining. Due to the uniqueness of the development, the vortex installation is capable of liquefying heavy oil samples, conducting preparatory activities before transportation to oil refineries. All of these processes are carried out at minimal cost.
It should be noted that heat generators are capable of absolutely battery life. That is, the intensity mode of its operation can be set independently. In addition, all designs of the Potapov heat generator are very simple to install. There is no need to involve service workers; all installation operations can be done independently.
To install a Potapov vortex heat generator with your own hands as the main element of the heating system, you need quite a few tools and materials. This is provided that the wiring of the heating system itself is already ready, that is, the registers are suspended under the windows and connected to each other by pipes. All that remains is to connect the device that supplies hot coolant. You need to prepare:
When installing the heat generator, diagonal pipe routing is provided, that is, in the direction of travel, the hot coolant will be supplied to the upper branch pipe of the battery, pass through it, and the cooling coolant will come out of the opposite lower branch pipe.
Immediately before installing the heat generator, you must ensure that all its elements are intact and in good working order. Then, using the chosen method, you need to connect the water supply pipe to the supply pipe to the system. Do the same with the outlet pipes - connect the corresponding ones. Then you should take care of connecting the necessary control devices to the heating system:
Afterwards, the heat generator is connected to a 220V power supply, and the system is filled with water with the air valves open.
Have you noticed that the price of heating and hot water supply has increased and you don’t know what to do about it? The solution to the problem of expensive energy resources is a vortex heat generator. I will talk about how a vortex heat generator works and what is the principle of its operation. You will also find out whether it is possible to assemble such a device with your own hands and how to do it in a home workshop.
The vortex thermal generator is considered a promising and innovative development. Meanwhile, the technology is not new, since almost 100 years ago scientists were thinking about how to apply the phenomenon of cavitation.
The first operational pilot plant, the so-called “vortex tube”, was manufactured and patented by the French engineer Joseph Rank in 1934.
Rank was the first to notice that the temperature of the air at the inlet to the cyclone (air purifier) differs from the temperature of the same air stream at the outlet. However, on initial stages bench tests, the vortex tube was tested not for heating efficiency, but, on the contrary, for the cooling efficiency of the air stream.
The technology received new development in the 60s of the twentieth century, when Soviet scientists figured out how to improve the Ranque tube by running liquid into it instead of an air jet.
Due to the higher density of the liquid medium, compared to air, the temperature of the liquid, when passing through the vortex tube, changed more intensively. As a result, it was experimentally established that the liquid medium, passing through the improved Ranque tube, heated up abnormally quickly with an energy conversion coefficient of 100%!
Unfortunately, at that time there was no need for cheap sources of thermal energy, and the technology was not found practical application. The first operating cavitation installations designed to heat a liquid medium appeared only in the mid-90s of the twentieth century.
A series of energy crises and, as a consequence, increasing interest in alternative energy sources served as the reason for resuming work on effective converters of the energy of water jet movement into heat. As a result, today you can buy a unit with the required power and use it in most heating systems.
Cavitation makes it possible not to give heat to water, but to extract heat from moving water, while heating it to significant temperatures.
The design of operating samples of vortex heat generators is externally simple. We can see a massive motor, to which is connected a cylindrical snail device.
"Snail" is a modified version of Ranque's trumpet. Due to its characteristic shape, the intensity of cavitation processes in the cavity of the “snail” is much higher in comparison with a vortex tube.
In the cavity of the “snail” there is a disk activator - a disk with special perforation. When the disk rotates, the liquid medium in the “snail” is activated, due to which cavitation processes occur:
| Illustration | Description of application |
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Heating. Equipment that converts the mechanical energy of water movement into heat is successfully used in heating various buildings, from small private buildings to large industrial facilities. By the way, on the territory of Russia today you can count at least ten settlements, where centralized heating is provided not by traditional boiler houses, but by gravity generators. |
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Heat running water For household use . The heat generator, when connected to the network, heats the water very quickly. Therefore, such equipment can be used to heat water in an autonomous water supply system, in swimming pools, bathhouses, laundries, etc. |
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Mixing immiscible liquids. In laboratory conditions, cavitation units can be used for high-quality mixing of liquid media with different densities until a homogeneous consistency is obtained. |
In order to use a heat generator in a heating system, it must be installed into it. How to do this correctly? In fact, there is nothing complicated about it.
In front of the generator (marked 2 in the figure) a centrifugal pump (1 in the figure) is installed, which will supply water with a pressure of up to 6 atmospheres. After the generator is installed expansion tank(6 in the figure) and shut-off valves.
| Advantages of a vortex source of alternative energy | |
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Economical. Thanks to the efficient use of electricity and high efficiency, the heat generator is more economical in comparison with other types of heating equipment. |
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Small dimensions compared to conventional ones heating equipment similar power. Stationary generator, suitable for heating small house, twice as compact as modern gas boiler.
If you install a heat generator in a regular boiler room instead of a solid fuel boiler, there will be a lot of free space left. |
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Low installation weight. Due to its low weight, even large installations high power can be easily placed on the floor of the boiler room without building a special foundation. There are no problems at all with the location of compact modifications.
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Simple design. The cavitation type heat generator is so simple that there is nothing to break in it. In device a small amount of mechanically moving elements, and complex electronics are absent in principle. Therefore, the likelihood of device failure, in comparison with gas or even solid fuel boilers, is minimal. |
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No need for additional modifications. The heat generator can be integrated into an existing heating system. That is, there is no need to change the diameter of the pipes or their location. |
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No need for water treatment. If a running water filter is needed for normal operation of a gas boiler, then by installing a cavitation heater, you don’t have to worry about blockages. Due to specific processes in the working chamber of the generator, blockages and scale do not appear on the walls. |
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Equipment operation does not require constant monitoring. If for solid fuel boilers If you need to keep an eye on it, the cavitation heater works in autonomous mode. The operating instructions for the device are simple - just plug in the engine and, if necessary, turn it off. |
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Environmental friendliness. Cavitation installations do not affect the ecosystem in any way, because the only energy-consuming component is the electric motor. |
In order to make a working device with your own hands, we will consider drawings and diagrams of operating devices, the effectiveness of which has been established and documented in patent offices.
| Illustrations | General description of cavitation heat generator designs |
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General view of the unit. Figure 1 shows the most common design diagram of a cavitation heat generator. Number 1 indicates the vortex nozzle on which the swirl chamber is mounted. On the side of the swirl chamber you can see the inlet pipe (3), which is connected to centrifugal pump (4). The number 6 in the diagram indicates the inlet pipes for creating a counter-disturbing flow. A particularly important element in the diagram is the resonator (7) made in the form of a hollow chamber, the volume of which is changed by the piston (9). Numbers 12 and 11 indicate throttles that provide control of the intensity of water flow. |
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Device with two series resonators. Figure 2 shows a heat generator in which resonators (15 and 16) are installed in series. One of the resonators (15) is made in the form of a hollow chamber surrounding the nozzle, indicated by the number 5. The second resonator (16) is also made in the form of a hollow chamber and is located at the reverse end of the device in close proximity to the inlet pipes (10) supplying disturbing flows. The chokes, marked with numbers 17 and 18, are responsible for the intensity of the liquid supply and for the operating mode of the entire device. |
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Heat generator with counter resonators. In Fig. Figure 3 shows a less common but very effective device circuit in which two resonators (19, 20) are located opposite each other. In this scheme, the vortex nozzle (1) with a nozzle (5) goes around the outlet of the resonator (21). Opposite the resonator marked 19, you can see the inlet (22) of the resonator numbered 20. Please note that the output holes of the two resonators are located coaxially. |
| Illustrations | Description of the swirl chamber (Snail) in the design of a cavitation heat generator |
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“Snail” of a cavitation heat generator in cross section. In this diagram you can see the following details: 1 - body, which is made hollow, and in which all the fundamentally important elements are located; 2 - shaft on which the rotor disk is fixed; 3 - rotor ring; 4 - stator; 5 - technological holes made in the stator; 6 - emitters in the form of rods. The main difficulties in the manufacture of the listed elements may arise during the production of a hollow body, since it is best to make it cast. Since there is no equipment for casting metal in a home workshop, such a structure, albeit at the expense of strength, will have to be made welded. |
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Scheme of combination of the rotor ring (3) and the stator (4). The diagram shows the rotor ring and the stator at the moment of alignment when turning the rotor disk. That is, with each combination of these elements, we see the formation of an effect similar to the action of Ranque's pipe.
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Rotary displacement of rotor ring and stator. This diagram shows that position structural elements“snail”, in which a hydraulic shock occurs (collapse of bubbles), and the liquid medium heats up. That is, due to the rotation speed of the rotor disk, it is possible to set parameters for the intensity of the occurrence of hydraulic shocks, provoking the release of energy. Simply put, the faster the disk spins, the temperature aquatic environment the output will be higher. |
Now you know what a popular and sought-after source of alternative energy is. This means that it will be easy for you to decide whether such equipment is suitable or not. I also recommend watching the video in this article.
