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The sliding type of gate is quite reliable, but installing it is quite a responsible undertaking, because even the slightest mistakes can lead to big problems. It is better to entrust the calculation of the necessary parameters to professionals. However, this is not at all required condition– independent calculation sliding gates everyone can do it.
This is a rather difficult moment, but everything will be much easier if you know the basic parameters that need to be taken into account. First of all, attention should be paid to the following:
If you know the values of all these indicators, you can calculate the sliding gates yourself. At the same time, if one of the many additional parameters is unknown, it is better to play it safe. To do this, it is enough to take the necessary components with a reserve.
Before starting work, it is necessary to carry out all the required calculations. Not least in the case of this is the calculation of construction materials.
The following details depend on it:
In most cases, either corrugated sheeting or steel 2 mm thick is used. The weight of these materials is noticeably different. In the first case it is 4 kg/sq.m., in the second – 17 kg/sq.m. Accordingly, all further calculations will differ. When choosing, you should choose those that are designed to weigh one and a half times the weight of the overall structure, which will ensure ease of operation and durability.
This indicator of sliding gates depends on such a parameter as the width of the opening. For example, if the gate is designed for an opening of 4 meters, then a leaf 4 m long + 200 mm will be required. It is they who will ultimately cover the gaps on both sides. It is also necessary to add 200 mm in the case of other sizes.
Respectively, optimal width sliding gates should not differ much from the width of the opening, which they are supposed to cover.
The foundation deserves special attention. For example, the foundation for a sliding gate 4 meters long must withstand the load not only of the structure, but also the possible influence of other factors. One of them will be additional load from wind or other conditions.
The cost of the foundation often reaches 30-40% of the entire work estimate, but it will largely ensure the stability of the structure.
Installation similar products enough labor-intensive process with the need to calculate many indicators. One of them is the size of the pipes for sliding gates. Using the example of a gate with a leaf width of 4 meters and a height of 2 meters, a pipe of 60*70 mm for the main frame and 40*20 mm for internal fastening. This will be enough to withstand the load of the gate big size, however, with increasing size and weight, it is necessary to increase the size of the pipes.
One more important indicator is the size of rollers for sliding gates. In the situation presented above, you can use both polymer and metal rollers with a guide with a length of 6 meters and a applied cross-section of 60*70 mm. Since the weight of such a structure, covered with corrugated board, will be less than 400 kg, such a set will be sufficient to perform the functions.
The dimensions of the sliding gate beam depend on the length of the gate. To this indicator it is necessary to add 1.5 lengths of the product. This size will be enough to carry out all necessary actions automation and for structural stability. When choosing all the details of a sliding gate, you must focus, first of all, on the dimensions of the opening. It is this indicator that will subsequently influence many parameters and the final result of the work.
When choosing sliding gates, the height of the finished product is also of particular importance. Usually this is approximately 2-2.5 m. This is quite enough to complete the task - protection from the outside world. Greater height will only bring additional weight and increase the sailing effect, which in turn will create additional stress on the remaining parts of the structure. The height of sliding gates from the ground depends on several factors.
Among them it is worth highlighting the following:
The main thing is to take into account every nuance, even the smallest one - an error of a few centimeters can lead to incorrect operation of the entire mechanism.
There is one simple way to calculate the optimal length of a product. Based on it, the length of sliding gates should be calculated as follows: gate length + 200 mm + 1.6 opening lengths - this is exactly the manufacturer’s recommendation. This will be needed to create a sufficient counterweight.
Weight deserves special attention finished design. The weight of a 6-meter sliding gate usually fluctuates around 600 kg. It all depends on the materials used for cladding. At the same time, the weight of a 5 meter sliding gate will be approximately 500-550 kg. Accordingly, all required parts should be calculated to weigh at least 600-650 kg. The minimum weight of a 4 meter sliding gate will be 300-400 kg. In this case, the weight will not have any special differences.
If you have some knowledge, you can make sliding gates with your own hands from scrap materials. Everything you need for this can be found at your nearest hardware store, and many structural elements can even be at home. It is enough to know what material is needed for sliding gates and a little skill, after which the result will not be long in coming. However, it is better to entrust the entire process to specialists.
Video: calculating the size of sliding gates
An iron garage is an inexpensive and fairly reliable shelter for a car. It will solve many pressing problems: it will hide the car from bad weather or the hot sun, accidental damage and prying eyes; you can carry out simple car repairs, diagnostics or other preventative work in it.
Usually, few people think about the weight of a building, but sometimes a situation arises when a car owner needs to know the weight of a metal garage, so in this article we will talk about the types of metal garages and provide calculations for buildings made of different facing materials.
Garages with a frame made of steel structures(see), are considered metal, although they can be sheathed with various materials.
They are divided into two types:
Important! In turn, prefabricated structures can have different cladding, and this also determines how much an iron garage weighs.
The following materials are used for lining the walls of the structure:
All these materials have different weight, therefore, when determining the mass of the garage as a whole, this must be taken into account.
Data on the weight of the transported structure may be needed in the following cases:
For a sample, we will calculate the weight of a metal garage 3 x 6 x 2 m2 (width x length x height) of the all-welded type, in which the lining is sheet steel 4 mm thick. This is the minimum standard size, which will fit almost any passenger car, well, except perhaps for minibuses.
So:
Let’s not make detailed calculations now; accuracy is not particularly needed here. Let's take an approximate average value, according to some sources it is 1000 kg.
Important! If we add up all the obtained values, we will see that the weight of a metal garage, all-welded, with sheet metal lining 4 mm thick is 4297 kg.
As mentioned above, garage cladding can be made not only from sheet metal. To correctly calculate the mass of the garage, you need to know their weight. In the table below we indicate these parameters for some of the materials most commonly found in garage decoration.
The weight of sandwich panels depends on the thickness of the insulation, and the metal profiles and corrugated sheets depend on the thickness of the metal. If you doubt the correctly determined parameters of the cladding, then to be on the safe side, it is recommended to take the maximum value.
Important! The choice of vehicle and the safety of transporting the structure depend on how accurately the weight of the garage is calculated.
We calculated how much it weighs metal garage 3 x 6 m, if the dimensions of the garage are different, then the mass of the building can be derived using the same system, replacing some data.
Typically weight iron garages varies from 3 to 7 tons, but if the first structure can be transported on a “thief”, then for the second you will have to order heavy-duty equipment and a truck crane. In addition, instructions for the transportation of large cargo require obtaining permits for the transportation of the garage, as well as escorting the cargo to its destination. All this is quite troublesome and costly, so it is better to immediately determine the mass of the structure as accurately as possible.
It must be said that after dismantling, prefabricated structures are assembled into compact packs that can be transported on an on-board gazelle. After looking at the thematic photos and videos in this article, you yourself will be able to cope with this task and accurately determine the weight of your garage.
The production of metal gates sometimes turns into a work of art where various forged elements, decorative details, expensive handles and locks are present. However, there are often cases when a simple metal gate is required, the manufacture of which uses simple hot-rolled metal profiles. These can serve as an entrance to a barn, garage, transformer substation, to any territory enclosed by a fence. There are many firms and companies manufacturing metal structures, including metal gates, but for this you need to pay money, which can be saved significantly by making a simple metal gate with your own hands.
The main elements or, as you can also say, wicket assemblies are:
First of all, in order to start manufacturing any metal structure, you need to have a drawing for it, or at least a sketch, which will indicate the main dimensions of the product, as well as the material from which it will be made. We will proceed from the traditional dimensions for most passages where gates are installed, which are 2000 x 800 mm. It should be noted right away that all dimensions on the drawings for the manufacture of metal structures are indicated in millimeters.
For the manufacture of a frame for a gate, ∟ 63 x 63 x 6 or ∟ 70 x 70 x 7 may well be suitable. The corners can be replaced with channel N 8 - 10, but this will look rough and more expensive.
Marking of metal profiles, sheet iron, how to calculate the weight of metal structures can be done by reading mine.
We will proceed from the fact that we have a corner 63 x 63 x 6. The length of the corner, in our case, is the height of the frame, should be calculated from the fact that the frame will be concreted into the ground to a depth of 500 mm. This means that to 2000 mm you need to add 500 mm and the width of the shelf of the joining corner, and in the end we have the size vertical corner equal to 2000 + 500 + 63 = 2563 mm.
The transverse corner, which determines the width of the frame opening, is calculated as follows: the width of the opening plus gaps for the size of the gate, that is, 800 + 10 and plus the width of the shelf of the joined vertical corner, which in total is 800 + 10 + 63 = 873 mm. 10 mm is this gap, which is divided in half by 5 mm on each side of the opening. If this gap is not taken into account, the gate will simply be clamped in the frame and will not open. This point is also important because it is almost impossible to perfectly align the corners of the frame at 90º. Size 10 can be further increased, but this depends on the qualifications of the fitter, that is, on you.
You can join the corners by cutting the shelves at 45º, but it is very difficult to do this exactly taking into account the thickness of the shelves, which also need to be cut at the same angle. Therefore, in practice, in one of the corners, which is shorter, a cutting is made, that is, one shelf is cut to the size of 63 mm (in our case), and the other perpendicular to it, as if from below, is cut to the size of the thickness of the shelf, that is, 6 mm . In this case, joining the corners is more accurate and it is easier to maintain a right angle. In workshop conditions, die-cutting is done using specially designed cutting equipment, but at home this operation can be done with an ordinary hacksaw, holding the corner in a vice. It is quite clear that the cuttings need to be done from both ends of the corner.
Sketch for making a gate frame
If you are embedding a frame into a brick opening, you need to weld reinforced round timber Ǿ 6 - 8 mm to the vertical and horizontal corners of the shelves. At what distance they need to be welded depends on the size of the brick and the method of laying. In the case when the frame is installed in a wooden opening, do not forget to drill holes for it in advance.
Well, and finally, when concreting the frame, you need to weld “nickels” at the bottom so that the structure is securely fixed in the concrete. Nickels are made from sheet steel δ 8 - 10 mm.
Very important
After you have assembled the frame and before welding the joints, you must tie the frame. What it is? At a distance slightly exceeding the size of 2000 mm, weld (do not weld) any long-size metallic profile(strip, corner, round timber) so as to keep the width of the opening in this place the same as in the upper part. This is done so that when welding and concreting the frame, the size does not “go away” to the side. Then, when the concrete hardens, the strapping profile is easily knocked down with a hammer.
Tack spots, like welding seams, need to be cleaned with a cylindrical grinder, or, more simply, with a grinding wheel. All operations for the manufacture of frame metal structures must be carried out on flat surface and, preferably, with a partner.
Attached to the description for manufacturing a frame for a metal gate is Fig. 1 - 1 and Fig. 1 - 2, drawings with details of frame elements.
So that you are not confused by the word “filling,” I hasten to explain: the filling can be made of round timber, strips, reinforced rods, squares, or a combination of the above profiles. In our case, the filling will be sheet metal, but more on that later.
Frame for metal gate Fig. 2 - 1
If you have mastered the process of making the frame, then assembling and welding the frame of the gate itself will not be difficult for you. The size of the frame should be, as stated above, 2000 x 800 mm. It follows that we need to make a metal structure similar to the frame using the same techniques, but using different metal profiles.
For a frame of this size, a corner of 40 x 40 x 4 is quite suitable; sizes of shorter length will have cuttings, and longitudinal parts should be prepared without cutting. The question may arise: why are cuttings made in transverse corners? The answer is simple: if they are shorter, they are lighter and easier to work with. Unlike the frame, the transverse corners will need to be prepared in three pieces: one on top, one in the middle (for rigidity) and one at the bottom. The dimensions of the corners, that is, their length, differ from the definition of the dimensions of the frame corners: high-rise parts are strictly 2000 mm, and transverse parts are 800 mm plus 4 mm for cutting = 804 mm. But the main thing is that the overall dimensions of the frame are 2000 x 800 mm, otherwise it simply won’t fit into the frame. The frame is shown in Fig. 2-1.
Since in the proposed version we agreed to use sheet metal as a filler, we need to take into account the following details. The sheet thickness should be from 1.5 to 2 mm, but no more and no less. If the sheet is thinner, the gate itself will turn out to be very flimsy and unreliable. When using a thicker sheet, for example, 3 mm, the weight of the gate will increase, which will negatively affect the operation of the hinges, which can simply jam.
Filling a metal gate frame with sheets
The dimensions of the sheet should not exceed the dimensions of the corners of the gate, and it is even better if the dimensions of the sheet are smaller, for example, 1980 x 790 mm. In this case, the edges of the sheet are guaranteed not to extend beyond the dimensions of the gate and, in addition, it will be more convenient to weld it (the sheet) to the corners. By the way, you need to weld, observing a certain step between the welding seams, which should be no more than 10 - 15 mm long. Otherwise, the heating will cause the entire structure of the gate to “behave”, that is, it will have a slightly helical appearance and there is no need to say that it will be comfortable in the frame. See fig. 2- 2.
If you do not plan to embed the lock into the gate, you can use an ordinary bracket as a handle U-shaped, bent from ordinary round timber Ǿ12 - 16 mm. When installing a lock, you must first weld the hinges, which can be purchased at any clothing market. No need to pick loops too large diameter, say 20mm. For our gate, which is light in weight, products with a diameter of 16 and even 12 mm are suitable.
When welding the hinges, you need to leave gaps between them and the frame with the gate, otherwise it (the gate) will not open. To do this, the loops are placed on ordinary matches, which simply burn out during welding, leaving required clearance. All this is done on the ground when the gate is inserted into the frame and adjusted, taking into account the gaps on both sides and on top. Now let's go back to the castle. You can, of course, weld it or bolt it in a lying position, but it works more accurately when the frame is concreted. Since in this case it will be easier to align the lock so that the bolt fits more accurately into the corresponding hole in the frame.
To determine the weight of the gate complete with frame and sheet, you need to determine the weight of each element. To do this, you need to use reference books from the Internet, which indicate specific gravity for sheet steel and weight 1 m/p for long products.
To determine the weight of the frame, we will round the total molding of the corner 63 x 6, which will be equal to: 2000 x 2 + 800 mm = 4800 mm or 4.8 m. If in the drawings we dealt with mm, then when calculating the weight it is necessary to use meters. These are the reference books. So, we find in the reference book the weight of 1 m/p ∟ 63 x 63 x 6, which is equal to 5.72 kg. We multiply 5.72 kg by 4.8 m and get a weight equal to 27.5 kg ≈ 28 kg.
The total length of the corner that was used to make the frame is 2000 x 2 + 800 x 3 = 6400 mm or 6.4 m. The weight of 1 p/m of the 40 x 4 corner is 2.42 kg. The result is: 2.42 kg x 6.4 m = 15.5 kg ≈ 16 kg.
To calculate the weight of the sheet, it is assumed that 1 m² of sheet with a thickness of 1 mm weighs 7.85 kg. This means we need to calculate how many m² of 2 mm sheet was used to fill the frame. Multiplying 2000 mm by 800 we get 1600,000 mm² or 1.6 m². The weight of the sheet will be 7.85 kg x 1.6 m² x 2 = 24.2 kg ≈ 24 kg.
Now we add everything up and get the weight of the assembled metal gate: 28 kg + 16 kg + 24 kg = 68 kg. If we also add the weight of nickels, hinges, lock and handle, then the approximate weight will be 70 kg.
Very important
Welding work must be carried out in a dry room and on a dry floor. Look at welding only through protective glass. Have welding gloves on your hands!
Certificate fire safety:
SSPB.RU.UP001.V06599
The company ___ produces metal smoke-proof fireproof gates:
VMP 02/60 with fire resistance limit EI-60, TU 5284–005–51740842–2005
Swing fire gates are designed to block the spread of fire through building openings, as well as to create conditions for the safe evacuation of people and protect the routes along which extinguishing is carried out in buildings and structures for various purposes. The design and characteristics of the gate comply with the fire safety requirements established in SNiP 21–01–97*.
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Gate version: The gates are made of a steel frame and swing doors made of metal panels, three-layer, wall panels with three-layer mineral wool insulation (hereinafter referred to as PMTS), fixed around the perimeter in a metal profile. There is a wicket in one of the gate leaves (by design the gate is identical to the metal fireproof blind door of the DMP-G 01/60 series). The design of the gate can be with or without a threshold, with or without a wicket door (at the Customer’s request). To seal the gaps in case of fire between the gate leaves and the frame, as well as between the frame and the gate leaf, a thermally expanding elastic material and a rubber seal are used.
Equipment:
Gate components: hinges, levers (for opening gate leaves), lock and handle, cylinder mechanism, closers (for both leaves); anchor bolts and decorative plugs for them. Instead of a closer, it is possible to install an automatic drive (at the Customer’s request).
Wicket kit(identical to the DMP-G 01/60 configuration): self-closing hinges - spring-loaded and structural (except for their direct functional purpose– opening/closing doors, also acting as a door closer), lock and handle from Nemof, cylinder mechanism, door closer (at the Customer’s request); anchor bolts and decorative plugs for them.
Coating, appearance:
The gates are painted with polymer powder paint; main colors are light gray shagreen (Ral 7032), or PMTS color (Ral 9002). On outer surface The gate is equipped with a metal nameplate, with a fire safety sign, fire resistance limit (EI), serial number and date of manufacture, information about the manufacturer.
Installation into the prepared construction opening (license of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia No. 2/21813) swing gates- 10% of the cost (see section “”). It is possible to manufacture gates for non-standard openings.
To place an order for fire doors, you need to fill out.
Very often the customer is interested in the question of the relationship between the size of the gate leaf and the post on which it is attached. Let's try to understand this issue using the example of a gate made of corrugated sheets.
The frame of the gate leaf is made of profile metal pipe cross-section 40×20 or 40×25 with a wall thickness of one and a half to two millimeters. Let's calculate the mass of the frame for the sash. To do this you need to know the weight of one meter profile pipe, from which the fabric of the future design will be made. So, 1 meter of 40x20x1.5 pipe weighs 1.4 kilograms, and one meter of 40x20x2 pipe weighs 1.7 kg. For ease of calculation, we provide examples of common gate designs.
The material for the cladding in our case will be corrugated sheeting for fences marked C20 with a thickness of 0.5 mm. Square meter This material has a mass of about 5 kilograms. For swing gates 4 meters wide (the most popular size is from 3 to 4 m) with a fence height of 2 meters, 4 sheets are needed, two for each leaf, i.e. it turns out to be a maximum of 20 kilograms.
So, the weight of one gate leaf is about 40 kg. This is the weight the average person can support. The weld seam with which the gate is attached via a hinge to the post is capable of withstanding a load much greater than that created by the specified mass. Therefore, two loops for each half are quite enough.
The pillars must be used with a wall thickness no less than the wall thickness of the pipe from which the gate frame is made. Of course, the larger the cross-section and thickness of the wall, the stronger the pillar will be - but in every case, for well-known cost reasons, the “golden mean” is the criterion. Therefore, a sufficient solution for swing gates made of corrugated sheets would be a post 60×60×2 or 80×80×3.
It is important how and in what way the pillars will be fixed in the ground. Fundamentally there are two various methods installations: with and without concreting pillars. The first is more expensive and in most cases preferable, although there is a risk of concrete being pushed out. Before making a decision, we advise you to consult the experience of your neighbors - this is the most reliable way to predict the behavior of the soil for your area. The second installation method is cheaper. It has another advantage - repairs, if necessary, are carried out much faster and easier.
Own production
Our company has been producing metal structures for 11 years.
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