We are talking about a representative of the legume family - broadleaf rank, which for 263 years has been officially (rank by rank - as it should be for plants) called “a simple Latin name” Lathyrus, which translated means “very attractive.”
From the point of view of botanical practice, latifolia is a perennial herbaceous plant. Its stems can rise to a height of 2.5-3 m, attaching to the support with tendrils. The flowers are relatively large, up to 2.5 cm long, 3-9 pieces in an inflorescence, various shades red, pink or white, unfortunately devoid of flavor. Beans up to 6 cm long are also decorative. The “two-winged bean,” as the fruits of the latifolia are correctly called, contains seeds, 8-15 pieces. Surprisingly for a wild plant, Chin does not self-sow!
By the way, this plant was introduced into culture already in the 16th century.
There are a lot of annuals and perennials in the genus, which are extremely attractive and also useful for National economy plants. One has only to remember everyone’s favorite sweet pea, which is also Lathyrus, only odoratus, and numbering about 1000 varieties. But he has one undoubted drawback - he is disposable, he lived through the summer, and remember his name! And I really want to plant “my charm” once and then enjoy the result - year after year.
The first time I came across the phylum latifolia was at the GBS RAS. Passing by the “hill” representing the flora of the Caucasus, I saw long dry lashes (it was autumn) of a certain vine.
As I got closer, I saw pods typical of legumes... I collected the seeds and sowed them before winter. In the spring they came up like a brush. As it turned out during the search, in the Caucasus, among the legume vines, only latifolia was listed, and it was perennial. And it remained so in the garden, blooming regularly every year.
We should probably return a little to those very collected seeds. The point is that the seeds leguminous plants, especially small ones, are difficult to germinate.
In other words, they have very strong shells, which prevents germination. But they retain their germination capacity for 10 years. But for such seeds there is one technique that can significantly improve the germination process - scarification, which involves damaging 
durable seed coat. I'll open it little secret How to make this procedure simple for a decent amount of seeds.
Take a plastic cylindrical container with a tight lid. Inside it you insert a pre-sized piece of coarse sandpaper, insert it into the container, pour the seeds into it, close the lid tightly and shake for 10 minutes, or better yet, more.
At the same time, the integrity of the hard covers of the seeds is slightly compromised, which will ultimately lead to faster and more friendly germination. It is often recommended to sow china in the ground at the beginning of April, which, in light of the peculiarities of this spring, seems to be very dubious advice.
I sowed before winter, and germination was excellent.
You can sow scarified china seeds in small peat pots and then plant them in the garden in May-June. If the seeds are properly prepared, seedlings will emerge within a week.
Due to the fact that transplanting adult chin plants is difficult due to the deep and branched root system, you should “measure a hundred times and once...” and plant the chin on it forever permanent place. However, annual seedlings are transplanted without any problems.
Application of rank in garden design stems from its botanical properties: being a plant of forest edges, it is able to grow in moving light partial shade (however, in full sun the flowering will be more abundant), its unpretentiousness is a true gift for “lazy” gardeners or super-busy gardeners. And the flowering period of 3 months, starting in June (depending on the weather), is very long. The chin is ideal for decorating arched entrances (and exits), decorating fragments of fences or pergolas, decorative grilles dividing the garden into separate “rooms”. Our heroine will also look great on pyramidal supports. Flowering hedge-walls, including netted ones, with broadleaf rank should also look great. The main condition is that support is required!
A little about the landscape companions of latifolia. It seems that plants that are not too tall, forming dense cushion-shaped clumps, such as astilbes, peonies, heucheras, may be perfect...
Moreover, you can choose the shade of the companion flowers or the color of the foliage to match or in some contrast to the inflorescences of the rank. Either pink to pink (white to white), or burgundy, scarlet for companions. You can combine our rank with other vertical dominants, for example with delphiniums, mullein, hollyhocks, with the appropriate selection of the overall color scheme. China broadleaf is also suitable for cutting, for example, for mini-bouquets or boutonnieres.
Such an attractive and problem-free plant, of course, could not help but encourage breeders to create decorative varieties. Even if there are not as many of them as varieties of sweet peas, the closest relative of our heroine. Of the varieties, all sorts of “pearls”, that is, pearls, are known: White pearls, Pink Pearl, Red Pearl and Pearl Blend. There are varieties with dark red flowers.
So, the story about another problem-free and therefore favorite plant in my garden comes to an end. It remains to add that after a pleasant acquaintance with the “wild” latifolia, I really want to sow a white and even darker colored variety...
And there is also a rank Gmelin with yellow-orange flowers, which is a relict of the pre-glacial period, the tuberous china, which has a wonderful aroma, but at the same time is perennial and edible, and of course, the Japanese china, since I am working on creating a corner of Japan on my site - a Japanese garden.
China is absolutely undemanding to the composition of the soil, but it is recommended to grow it on neutral, fertile soils.
For me, it tolerates the usual sour loams that are so characteristic of the Moscow region.
In the spring, during the period of active growth of shoots, plants can be fed without overdoing it with the nitrogen component. Like many legumes, china roots contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. China feeds itself with nitrogen (with their help). Due to the vertical nature of the plants, care should be taken to protect them from strong winds. Although from my experience this is not mandatory. My “treillage” has weathered both hurricanes and hail...
After frosts and drying of the shoots, the vines should be cut off, but it is not too late to do this in early spring. If the tree is planted near a fence (fence), then dry shoots should be cut off in the fall, for reasons of fire safety (until smoking is banned on the roads of our garden communities and cottage villages, like restaurants and cafes).
In spring, the roots of the tree may become bare, and then the base of the plants should be mulched with fertile loose soil. Watering is required only during the driest periods, but everything in moderation.
Sweet pea, or sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus) is a beautiful, abundantly flowering plant. In many countries it is one of the most popular annuals. It is perhaps difficult to find another climbing plant that surpasses sweet peas in decorative qualities. Without exaggeration, we can say that he is the king among pilots. It is used mainly for vertical gardening: decorating walls, fences, hedges, trellises, gazebos, wire pyramids, pergolas, building facades, balconies... Large-flowered varieties are especially good for decoration.
Sweet peas have become widespread in floriculture thanks to the efforts of English breeders. The first varieties were bred in Great Britain in late XIX century. Currently, there are hundreds, if not thousands of varieties of sweet peas, grouped into 15 garden groups, differing in shoot height, color and flower size. About 200 varieties are more or less widely used in floriculture.
Sweet pea - light-loving plant. Grows well in open, sunny places, protected from strong winds. Tolerates light shade.
Sweet pea is annual vine height from 20 cm to 3 m - depending on the variety. The plant clings to the support with its tendrils. Flowers of irregular shape, collected in inflorescences - single or multi-flowered racemes, consist of 5 petals. The shape of the flower is similar to a sailboat. The upper petal forms a sail, the two lateral petals form oars, and the two lower petals form a fused boat.
According to the size of flowers, varieties are divided into small-flowered with a diameter of up to 3 cm, large-flowered - 3-4 cm and very large-flowered - more than 4 cm in diameter. The diameter of the flower is determined by the width of the sail. According to the shape of the sail, the flowers are divided into 3 groups.
The color of the flowers is very different - from white to dark purple, almost black. There are two-color varieties. After flowering, fruits are formed - oblong pods with 10-12 seeds of various sizes and colors. Not all varieties produce fruit. Seed germination lasts from 3 to 8 years.
Peas require regular watering. If there is a lack of moisture, few flowers appear, they are small and quickly fall off. Can also cause buds and flowers to fall off strong changes between day and night temperatures.
This flyer requires special attention during hot and dry weather. Since peas have a deeply located root system, water it at this time abundantly and thoroughly. To preserve moisture in the soil, it is better to mulch it with a small (3-5 cm) layer of humus or peat.
This summer plant grows quickly and blooms profusely, removing large amounts of nutrients from the soil. It achieves its greatest decorative effect with abundant nutrition. Grows well on any clay and sandy soils fertile soils, but still better - on deeply cultivated, well-fertilized, light or medium in physical composition and neutral or slightly alkaline in acidity, loamy. Since peas have a taproot system that penetrates deep into the ground, the soil should be tilled to a depth of 30, or even better, 40 cm before planting.
Heavy clay soil Sweet peas do not like it - it retains moisture well, but quickly compacts and does not provide sufficient aeration. Its breathability can be improved by adding sand and a large amount of organic matter.
Sandy soils are not entirely suitable for this plant. They quickly absorb moisture, but do not retain it well. Fertilizers also wash out of such soils more quickly. To improve their properties, you can add clay to them and thoroughly fertilize them with compost or humus.
To get large inflorescences, it is better to leave several of the strongest stems on the plant and cut out the rest.
By regularly pruning some of the side shoots, flowering is stimulated. Another way to prolong abundant flowering is to remove faded inflorescences.
Adding compost or well-rotted manure will increase fertility sandy soils. Fresh manure cannot be used. This can lead to the death of plants from fungal diseases.
If you regularly cut off the inflorescences from the beginning of flowering, this will not harm the peas at all. Moreover, cutting - good way extend the flowering period. It stimulates the appearance of new flowers that are in no way inferior to cut ones. Seeds should not be allowed to form; they absorb a significant amount of nutrients. Abundant flowering is promoted by fertilizing - at least twice a season with liquid organic or mineral complex fertilizers. When the first buds appear, fertilizing with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers is useful.
You can decorate your balcony with sweet peas. It grows well in spacious balcony boxes; you just need to take care of the supporting support in advance. It can be frames with cords stretched vertically, coarse mesh, gratings of various shapes.
Sweet peas are propagated by seeds - sowing in open ground in a permanent place in early May.
Since round, rather large seeds have a hard shell and do not germinate for a long time, additional help in the form of scarification is desirable - mechanical damage to the shell. This can be done with a simple sewing needle. Scarification accelerates the penetration of moisture to the embryo and the seeds germinate faster. Sow 2-5 grains per nest. The distance between nests is 30-50 cm. Seeds take a relatively long time to germinate. Seedlings - depending on the variety, weather and soil temperature - appear in 10-30 days.
Caring for sweet peas comes down to maintaining optimal soil moisture, regular fertilizing and pruning.
Seedlings grow slowly. After 3-4 pairs of leaves are formed, the tops of the shoots are pinched to form a large number of side shoots. Hardened seedlings can withstand light frosts (up to -5 degrees).
As they grow, the shoots are guided along the support and tied up.
Sweet peas bloom 2-3 months after germination. For earlier flowering in the conditions of Belarus and central Russia, it is grown through seedlings.
Seeds are sown at the end of March - the first half of April. To make them germinate faster, they are soaked overnight in hot (up to 80 degrees) water. If after soaking for a week you lower the temperature to 3 degrees, flowering will occur earlier. The hatched seeds are sown 2-3 in peat pots filled with a soil mixture consisting of purchased nutrient soil (or soil taken from the place where the plants are supposed to be planted) and coarse sand. Planting depth is approximately two seed diameters. Shoots appear in 4-7 days. Seedlings do not tolerate picking well, since the root system is very sensitive to damage. When carefully planted in open ground in peat pots, the roots of the seedlings are not injured.
Hardened, pre-well-watered young plants are planted in a permanent place in mid-May. The optimal distance between them is 20-25 cm.
Recently, low-growing bushy or creeping, up to 20-30 cm in height, but very abundantly, have become increasingly popular flowering varieties sweet pea. They can be grown in pots, containers and balcony boxes. Some dwarf varieties They have no whiskers at all and do not need support. Varieties with drooping shoots look great in hanging planters. Since the feeding area in containers is limited, it is advisable to feed the plants with a solution of complete fertilizers 2 times a month.
The genus Lathyrus is part of the legume family (Fabaceae). About 100 species of peas are known, growing in temperate and subtropical zones globe. The scientific name of the genus comes from the Greek words la - very and thuros - attractive.
Other types of china have not yet become as widespread as sweet peas. Less known are the annual relatives of the sweet pea, such as the Tangier pea (L. tingitanus) and the chloranthus pea (L. chloranthus). These species are very unpretentious. They are undemanding to soils and cold-resistant. They grow quickly. They are used for vertical gardening and the design of gazebos.
So far, perennial tree species that do not require special care and bloom profusely are also rare. The flowers, however, are not large. The broadleaf chin (L. latifolius) is very easy to grow, the climbing stems of which reach 2 m in length. The flowers are large, pink-carmine or white. It blooms from June for approximately three months. Overwinters without shelter. Propagated by seeds (they do not set well) and by dividing the bush.
Seeds perennial species can be sown both in spring and autumn.
Shoots appear in approximately two weeks. With timely picking and proper care, well-developed bushes will form by autumn, which can be planted in a permanent place. Seedlings bloom in the second year.
Of the perennial peas, one of the most decorative is the tuberous pea (L. tuberosus) with shoots up to 2 m high and small - up to 3-4 cm long and 1.5 cm thick - oblong tubers. Its flowers are fragrant, dark pink in color. Blooms from late June to mid-August. Easily propagated by seeds and division of rhizomes, it grows quickly, producing shoots around the mother plant. Since tuberous peas behave aggressively, displacing other plants, it is better to plant them separately from other flower crops. Stems reaching a height of 150-200 cm need support.
Perennial sweet peas, planting and caring for which require knowledge of agricultural technology, are presented on different photos in all its splendor. Perennial varieties ranks of large-flowered, climbing perennial, which have a faint pleasant odor, can grow in one place for up to 10 years in regions with a temperate climate. The plant has angular stems and purple or pink flowers in inflorescences that grow slowly when started from seed. In the first year, a small bush will grow on the site, which will easily overwinter. In the second year, its root system will increase, and new lashes will be more voluminous. A biennial plant will give the desired abundant flowering if properly cared for. To make the flowers delight you with variety, you need to buy either a mixture of seeds different varieties, or several packages, and get a variety of colors.
Chin is not only perennial, with numerous vines that grow annually from the root, but also annual, the shoots of which grow from seeds every year. Both types are easy to grow in the country, creating for the plant the necessary conditions for growth and flowering. If you grow perennial sweet peas, this will allow you to get a flowering wall in an area without extra costs time.
The seeds of perennial sweet peas, the photo of which is presented below, germinate slowly and for a very long time. There are 2 types of chin - broad-leaved and large-flowered, which can be planted in a private area and admire this climbing plant for a long time. Broadleaf has a large mass of leaves and is used in agriculture as a fodder crop. She has faded dirty pink flowers and they have no scent. The large-flowered chin belongs to the decorative climbing plants, blooms profusely large flowers pastel colors without smell.
To obtain perennial seedlings, the seeds are soaked in early February and sown in light nutrient soil under a film to create Greenhouse effect and do not let the soil dry out. After the emergence of full shoots, the film is removed and the plants are fed with nitrogen for active growth. To do this, take 1 g of saltpeter per liter of water and quickly shed the soil so as not to burn the roots. After the formation of 2-3 true leaves, the plant begins to harden and, after the end of frost, is planted in the ground. Such early boarding allows the bush to get stronger in the first year of its life over the summer and strengthen the root system. During the first season, a poorly growing plant can be watered with a nitrogen solution at the rate of 1 s. l. for 10 liters of water.
Perennial sweet peas, which can be planted on the south or west side of a building, love bright light and a lot of moisture. The chosen place can be slightly shaded, then the vines will grow more actively to reach a place actively illuminated by the sun.
The lashes need good support, so a special wall is created for the bed from any kind of mesh materials so that the lashes of the plant do not wrinkle or rot.
Grates are suitable for support open gazebos, pergolas, verandas and other temporary buildings available on the site. Everything that you want to hide from prying eyes in the summer and decorate with light flowers can be hidden under the rank of a perennial.
You should not expect wild flowering in the first year of life from a perennial plant. First, a small bush grows from a pea, and it can be transplanted to a permanent place at the end of summer or next spring. The plant overwinters well, and, gradually increasing its root system, every year it grows flowering vines in the summer.
Plant type: perennial or annual.
Description: these hardy plants can be ascending or bushy. Upward growing vines can reach a height of 1.8 meters, and dwarf bushy species - 30-60 cm. They are mainly distributed in eastern and western Europe.
Bloom: Flowers 5 cm wide appear on the plant, from 1 to 4 pieces on each stem. Their shade can be pink, red, red-brown, white, yellow or blue. Two-color species are also found. They have a pleasant aroma.
Lighting: full sunny. Although these flowers require good lighting, some scarlet and orange varieties They grow well if they are covered with gauze.
Soil type: Chin requires well-cultivated soil. Since this flower has an ascending growth pattern, it should be supported using sticks or a trellis. The soil must be well plowed and saturated nutrients. It is best to enrich the soil using large amounts of rotted manure or compost, and you can also add superphosphate. If the soil is acidic, you can add limestone. All this can be done in the spring, but the most suitable period for this procedure is autumn. Chins prefer compacted, well-drained soil.
Watering: the soil should always be moist. Dig a ditch 60 cm wide and 35 cm deep, and if the subsoil is poor in nutrients, add 5-7 cm of nutrient-rich loam. If the subsoil is rich, dig it up and add coarse compost or other organic fertilizers.
Fertilizers: When the ranks reach their half height, fertilizing should be done. It is best to use a 7 cm layer of manure or other organic matter as fertilizer. Fertilizer should be scattered along each row in late spring. It is not recommended to use fresh manure as it can damage the plants. Chemical fertilizers also need to be used carefully, as if you overdo the dose even a little, it can cause the flower buds to fall off.
Reproduction: ranks can be reproduced by individually planting seeds in 7cm pots filled with sandy, loamy soil. Reproduction should be carried out in March or April. When the seedlings are well rooted, they can be transplanted into the garden. In areas where winters are not as cold, seeds can be planted in November, but they will not begin to germinate until spring. Once the seeds are planted in November, cover them with a 7-10 cm layer of hay or straw. Don't remove it until late winter or early spring, when the cold weather has passed. The seeds need to be covered with a layer of soil as thick as their diameter. If you want to grow chins for decorative purposes, then propagation should begin in a cool greenhouse at a temperature of 4-10°C. The soil should have the following composition: 3-4 parts garden soil (loam), 1 part peat moss and 1 part sand. If the soil is too clayey, then it is advisable to add more sand and peat. All this needs to be sifted through a sieve with 1 cm wide holes and mixed.
Application: These plants are known to be used medicinally. Chinum meadow, for example, is used in a number of countries as a sedative or anti-inflammatory agent. Forest rank is also used in medicine. Its root decoction is used to treat syphilis, epilepsy and other diseases.
Additionally: As soon as the plants begin to sprout, drive stakes 1.5 meters high into the ground. In order to prolong the flowering period, you need to cut off the flowers before the seeds form. The vine, which is grown for decorative purposes, should not branch, but have one stem per vine. Thanks to this approach, the flower stems will grow 38-45 cm or longer, and 4-5 large magnificent flowers will appear on each of them. To achieve this, remove any extra shoots that appear while they are still small, but do not damage the main stem. If you are growing a plant in large quantities, then drive stakes at the ends of the row and connect them with wire. If the rows are very long, you may need to drive in additional stakes. The wire should be at the top and bottom. The lower one is at a level of 60 cm from the ground, and the upper one is 1.5 m.
This species is native to the temperate regions of Western Asia and Europe. The tuberous chin, or as it is otherwise called the tuberous chin, also has a creeping upward growth pattern, and it is fixed with the help of tendrils. This variety reaches a height of approximately 1.2 meters.
This species was first discovered in southern Europe. Chin broadifolia is hardy to cold weather, and reaches a height of about 1.8 meters. Grows well in full sun or partial shade.
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China is a unique liana. Despite the fact that she has antennae, she does not want to cling to support on her own. The shoots of the plant must be periodically tied to a support as they grow. But this is perhaps the only whim of a beauty that blooms luxuriantly until the frosts.
There are three varieties of garden china - with pink, purple and white flowers. The flowers are the same as those of the sweet annual sweet pea, but are odorless. At the age of 3-4 years, the chin forms a dense interweaving of flowers and foliage 2.5-3 m high.
Faded inflorescences form a thin pod with pea-shaped seeds. Fully ripe pods crack, scattering different sides seeds, but I haven’t seen self-sowing yet.
Chin can be propagated by dividing the rhizomes in the spring. But it seems to me that it is still better to grow it from seeds in the spring. Sow immediately in a permanent place, which should be sunny, and the soil should preferably be fertile, limed and well-drained.
The seedlings are afraid of frost, so it is better not to rush with sowing. Plant a few peas nearby. The seedlings will bloom in the second year.
For a safe wintering in the fall, I cut off the above-ground part of the tree, with which I cover its roots.
In the spring, new shoots of the plant will emerge from the ground, and lush and long-lasting flowering will not take long to appear.
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Viola pedatifida Photo by Olga Bondareva Violet is one of the oldest […] China (Lathyrus) is not often found in our gardens. A magnificent ornamental vine belongs to the legume family (Papilionaceae) and its appearance
The plant reaches 2-3 meters in height and has oval-lanceolate green leaves. The main decoration of the china are beautiful large white, pink, red and even purple flowers, collected in not very large inflorescences on the tops of thin, hard stems, but unlike sweet peas, they have practically no aroma. The liana blooms from June to September. After flowering, fruits develop - green pods with seeds.
Lathyrus likes a warm sunny location or some partial shade. The soil for planting should be nutritious, light, rich in humus and calcium, and not too wet. The liana has a deep branched root system, so it can go without watering for quite a long time. Well tolerated very coldy and is practically not affected by pests. The stems of the tree reliably cling to the supports with their tendrils, so they do not require special support. In autumn, the above-ground part dies off, and in the new season it begins to develop again from the root.
Lathyrus reproduces using seeds, which must first be subjected to stratification at low temperatures. The seeds have a dense shell and therefore little germination. To make the process easier, you can rub the seed on sandpaper or soak it in warm water, waiting until sprouts appear. Seeds are sown in May in open ground.
Transplanted and divided only small plants, since an adult vine has a very long root and does not tolerate the procedure well.
China perennial is an ideal plant for decorating sunny terraces, fences, pergolas and gazebos. Looks great surrounded by roses, thunbergia,
China (Lathyrus) is not often found in our gardens. This magnificent ornamental vine belongs to the legume family (Papilionaceae) and its appearance is very reminiscent of the well-known annual sweet pea, to which it is a relative.
The plant reaches 2-3 meters in height and has oval-lanceolate green leaves. The main decoration of the china are beautiful large white, pink, red and even purple flowers, collected in not very large inflorescences on the tops of thin, hard stems, but unlike sweet peas, they have practically no aroma. The liana blooms from June to September. After flowering, fruits develop - green pods with seeds.
Lathyrus likes a warm sunny location or some partial shade. The soil for planting should be nutritious, light, rich in humus and calcium, and not too wet. The liana has a deep branched root system, so it can go without watering for quite a long time. It tolerates severe frosts well and is practically not affected by pests. The stems of the tree reliably cling to the supports with their tendrils, so they do not require special support. In autumn, the above-ground part dies off, and in the new season it begins to develop again from the root.
Lathyrus reproduces using seeds, which must first be subjected to stratification at low temperatures. The seeds have a dense shell and therefore little germination. To make the process easier, you can rub the seed on sandpaper or soak it in warm water and wait until sprouts appear. Seeds are sown in May in open ground.
Only small plants are replanted and divided, since an adult vine has a very long root and does not tolerate the procedure well.
China perennial is an ideal plant for decorating sunny terraces, fences, pergolas and gazebos. Looks great surrounded by roses, princelings, kobei, thunbergia, clematis.
Popular large-flowered varieties in gardening: “Albus”, “Red Pearl”.
if you love climbing plants or are crazy about vines, then we advise you to pay attention to the chin plant. Reproduction, planting and care are possible as per personal plot, and on the balcony or even in the apartment.
China belongs to the legume family. Its Latin name translates to “very attractive.” And indeed this plant is very pretty. It grows in places where the climate is temperate; it lives in the Mediterranean countries, in the mountains of South America, in China, and in the eastern part of Russia. There are more than fifty in total various types this plant. Some of them can be found in our country.
This herbaceous plant grows in height from twenty centimeters to almost one and a half meters. There is a perennial rank, and there are also annuals. The stems of rank have three or four sides. All varieties are climbing plants; very rarely are they upright. The leaves of the tree have a lanceolate shape and end in a point.
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The flowers of the tree are quite large and have a moth-like shape. Flower colors vary: white, pink, orange, purple, red. There are up to seven flowers in an inflorescence. The fruit of the tree is a bean. The seeds have an angular shape, different size and coloring.
As a typical representative of the Legume family, china thrives in symbiosis with bacteria that obtain nitrogen from the air. As a result, the tree does not require additional feeding from the outside; it feeds itself perfectly.
This plant grows well in the shade. But for good development and rapid growth, as well as for abundant flowering, it is better to place the plant in well-lit areas of the garden. This plant is afraid of wind, so plant it in a place protected from the wind. Sudden changes in temperature, which sometimes occur on summer nights, can cause the china to drop its buds.
For rank, the composition of the soil is not so important. It will do well in neutral soil with good fertility. When planting, chin does not need to be fertilized. And it’s better to avoid nitrogen-containing fertilizers altogether. Once during the entire season it is allowed to apply fertilizer in the form of liquid mineral composition. It is best to do this in the spring, when the shoots are growing.
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In the summer, when it is very hot and dry outside, the tree needs to be watered well and abundantly. It should be borne in mind that the tree tolerates short periods of drought quite well. Species that are classified as perennial tolerate quite well winter frosts. In late autumn, all shoots of these species die off. They need to be cut close to the ground. With the onset of spring, fresh young shoots quickly grow from renewal buds.
If for some reason the rhizome of the plant becomes bare and appears on the surface, it simply needs to be covered with earth again. Growing rank does not require a special approach or attention.
China has fairly large seeds that are covered with a hard shell. If you do not open the shells of the seeds, they will not lose their germination even after ten years. Scarification is required for seed germination.
Break the seed shells with a sharp object and soak them in very warm water overnight. This should be done in early April, so that the seeds can be planted in the flowerbed immediately after swelling and germination. You can pre-plant the seeds in peat pots and germinate them in a greenhouse or apartment.
To plant seeds, you will need soil consisting of two parts earth, one part peat and half part sand. Plant three seeds in each peat pot. In about a week, the first sprouts of the tree will hatch. When three true leaves are formed, the seedlings must be pinched. This must be done so that the plant blooms more luxuriantly and forms side shoots. You will see for yourself that the rank grows very quickly and does not require much effort to take care of itself. You can plant china in flower beds in early May. At the same time, try to maintain a distance between the bushes of about thirty centimeters.
China is perfect for arranging vertical flower beds. Provide special supports for it and form a hedge or group flower bed. This plant looks great for decorating various arches or mesh fences. It can be used to improve the appearance of unsightly outbuildings. If you plant china in the vicinity of other plants, then select those that will be in one with it. color scheme. For example, mallow looks great next to china. China, which has many flowers, will look great in a bouquet.
Some types of chins are used in folk medicine. It is also grown as green animal feed.
We are talking about a representative of the legume family - broadleaf rank, which for 263 years has been officially (rank by rank - as it should be for plants) called “a simple Latin name” Lathyrus, which translated means “very attractive.”
From the point of view of botanical practice, latifolia is a perennial herbaceous plant. Its stems can rise to a height of 2.5-3 m, attaching to the support with tendrils. The flowers are relatively large, up to 2.5 cm long, 3-9 pieces per inflorescence, various shades of red, pink or white, unfortunately, devoid of fragrance. Beans up to 6 cm long are also decorative. The “two-winged bean,” as the fruits of the latifolia are correctly called, contains seeds, 8-15 pieces. Surprisingly for a wild plant, Chin does not self-sow!
By the way, this plant was introduced into culture already in the 16th century.
The genus contains a lot of annual and perennial plants that are extremely attractive and also useful for the national economy. One has only to remember everyone’s favorite sweet pea, which is also Lathyrus, only odoratus, and numbering about 1000 varieties. But he has one undoubted drawback - he is disposable, he lived through the summer, and remember his name! And I really want to plant “my charm” once and then enjoy the result - year after year.
The first time I came across the phylum latifolia was at the GBS RAS. Passing by the “hill” representing the flora of the Caucasus, I saw long dry lashes (it was autumn) of a certain vine.
As I got closer, I saw pods typical of legumes... I collected the seeds and sowed them before winter. In the spring they came up like a brush. As it turned out during the search, in the Caucasus, among the legume vines, only latifolia was listed, and it was perennial. And it remained so in the garden, blooming regularly every year.
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We should probably return a little to those very collected seeds. The fact is that legume seeds, especially small ones, are difficult to germinate.
In other words, they have very strong shells, which prevents germination. But they retain their germination capacity for 10 years. But for such seeds there is one technique that can significantly improve the germination process - scarification, which involves damaging 
durable seed coat. I’ll tell you a little secret on how to make this procedure simple for a decent amount of seeds.
Take a plastic cylindrical container with a tight lid. Inside it, insert a piece of coarse sandpaper previously adjusted to size, insert it into the container, pour seeds into it, close the lid tightly and shake for 10 minutes, or better yet, more.
At the same time, the integrity of the hard covers of the seeds is slightly compromised, which will ultimately lead to faster and more friendly germination. It is often recommended to sow china in the ground at the beginning of April, which, in light of the peculiarities of this spring, seems to be very dubious advice.
I sowed before winter, and germination was excellent.
You can sow scarified chin seeds in small peat pots and then plant them in the garden in May-June. If the seeds are properly prepared, seedlings will emerge within a week.
Due to the fact that transplanting adult chin plants is difficult due to the deep and branched root system, you should “measure a hundred times and once...” and plant the chin in its permanent place forever. However, annual seedlings are transplanted without any problems.
The use of china in garden design stems from its botanical properties: being a plant of forest edges, it is able to grow in moving light partial shade (however, in full sun the flowering will be more abundant), its unpretentiousness is a true gift for “lazy” gardeners or super-busy gardeners. And the flowering period of 3 months, starting in June (depending on the weather), is very long. The chin is ideal for decorating arched entrances (and exits), decorating fragments of fences or pergolas, decorative grilles dividing the garden into separate “rooms”. Our heroine will also look great on pyramidal supports. Flowering hedge-walls, including netted ones, with broadleaf rank should also look great. The main condition is that support is required!
A little about the landscape companions of latifolia. It seems that plants that are not too tall, forming dense cushion-shaped clumps, such as astilbes, peonies, heucheras, may be perfect...
Moreover, you can choose the shade of the companion flowers or the color of the foliage to match or in some contrast to the inflorescences of the rank. Either pink to pink (white to white), or burgundy, scarlet for companions. You can combine our rank with other vertical dominants, for example with delphiniums, mullein, hollyhocks, with the appropriate selection of the overall color scheme. China broadleaf is also suitable for cutting, for example, for mini-bouquets or boutonnieres.
Such an attractive and problem-free plant, of course, could not help but encourage breeders to create ornamental varieties. Even if there are not as many of them as varieties of sweet peas, the closest relative of our heroine. Of the varieties, all sorts of “pearls”, that is, pearls, are known: White Pearl, Pink Pearl, Red Pearl and Pearl Blend. There are varieties with dark red flowers.
So, the story about another problem-free and therefore favorite plant in my garden comes to an end. It remains to add that after a pleasant acquaintance with the “wild” latifolia, I really want to sow a white and even darker colored variety...
And there is also a rank Gmelin with yellow-orange flowers, which is a relict of the pre-glacial period, the tuberous china, which has a wonderful aroma, but at the same time is perennial and edible, and of course, the Japanese china, since I am working on creating a corner of Japan on my site - a Japanese garden.
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China is absolutely undemanding to the composition of the soil, but it is recommended to grow it on neutral, fertile soils.
For me, it tolerates the usual sour loams that are so characteristic of the Moscow region.
In the spring, during the period of active growth of shoots, plants can be fed without overdoing it with the nitrogen component. Like many legumes, china roots contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. China feeds itself with nitrogen (with their help). Due to the vertical nature of the plants, care should be taken to protect them from strong winds. Although from my experience this is not mandatory. My “treillage” has weathered both hurricanes and hail...
After frosts and drying of the shoots, the vines should be cut off, but it is not too late to do this in early spring. If the tree is planted near a fence (fence), then dry shoots should be cut off in the fall, for reasons of fire safety (until smoking is banned on the roads of our garden communities and cottage villages, like restaurants and cafes).
In spring, the roots of the plant may become bare, and then the base of the plants should be mulched with fertile, loose soil. Watering is required only during the driest periods, but everything in moderation.
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Chin (lat. Láthyrus) is a genus of herbs belonging to the legume family (lat. Fabaceae). The Latin name has Greek roots: “la” means “very”, “thuros” means “attractive”. Plants are common in temperate climate zones, growing in the Mediterranean, the highlands of South America, Africa, the east of the Russian Federation and China. In the meadows and forest glades in the open spaces former USSR You can meet representatives of more than 50 types of ranks.
Interesting information: china is a food, industrial and fodder crop. Green mass, seeds and hay are used as animal feed; Casein is obtained from the seeds for the production of plywood, fabrics and plastics. The sowing plant (lat. L. sativus) is grown for grain. Meadow chin (lat. L. pratensis) - for green fodder. Some species are also used in medicine.
Bright and fragrant chyna
Description
Ranks – herbaceous plants height from 15-20 to 150 cm. There are perennial and annual species. Stems are four- or three-edged, climbing, lodging or climbing, rarely erect. The leaves are compound, pinnate, lanceolate, ending in a point, spine or branched tendril.
Flowers are moth-type, large. The corolla is colored blue, white, purple, pink, yellow, burgundy, orange or red. The inflorescence consists of 1-2 flowers, sometimes 3-7. The fruit is a two-winged bean. The seeds are slightly angular, different in color (light, white, dark) and size (large, medium or small).
Like many members of the Legume family, chin grows in symbiosis with nodule bacteria that absorb nitrogen from the atmosphere. The result of this “cohabitation” is that the plants do not need feeding, since they “feed” themselves.
Ch. Japanese (L. japonicus): inflorescence and beans
The Chin genus is quite numerous, there are more than a hundred species, many of which are highly valued in ornamental gardening for their bright and fragrant flowers.
Ch. fragrant(lat. L. odoratus) is the most common species, often found in parks, gardens and private areas around the world. We know the plants under the name sweet pea. It is a climbing annual, reaching a height of 1-2 m, with large and bright flowers which have a unique aroma. The root system is taprooted, highly branched. The roots penetrate 1-1.4 m into the soil. 4-9 seeds ripen in each bean, their germination lasts 6-8 years. Flowering is abundant and starts in July. If faded inflorescences are promptly cut off, preventing fruits from forming, flowering can be extended until September-October.
Mix Ch. fragrant (L. odoratus)
There are about 1000 varieties of sweet peas known in the world collection:
Bright mixborder from a mixture of Ch. fragrant
Ch. latifolia(lat. L. latifolius) is a perennial introduced into cultivation in the 16th century. The vines grow 2-3 m long and are attached to supports with tendrils. The flowers are pink or bright red, sometimes white, grouped in loose inflorescences of 3-9 pieces, devoid of aroma. They begin to bloom in June and remain decorative for 3 months. The species is winter-hardy, plants tolerate frosts down to – 30 °C. Interesting variety'White pearl' has large white flowers.
Ch. broadleaf (L. latifolius)
Ch. Gmelina(lat. L. ochraceus) - a species that lives in coniferous forests. Perennial plants with short rhizomes grow up to 50-150 cm, the stems are erect. The leaves are large, dissected into 3-5 pairs of elliptical leaflets. Fragrant flowers grouped into inflorescences. The petals at the beginning of flowering are colored yellow, at the end – in orange. Flowering occurs in June, fruits dark brown ripen in August (seeds are low-yielding). Plants grow slowly and bloom only in 4-5 years.
Ch. forest(Latin L. sylvestris) is a perennial plant found throughout the European part of the Russian Federation and the Caucasus. It grows in height up to 1-2 m, has a creeping branched rhizome. The flowers are large, the petals are painted in a bright crimson color, collected in inflorescences. Ch. forest is considered a good honey plant; it begins to bloom in June.
Ch. spring “Rainbow” (L. vernus ‘Rainbow’)
Ch. Tangier(lat. L. tingitanus) – annual plant from Southern Europe and Northern Africa with large beautiful flowers Pink colour. The leaves are small, narrowly lanceolate.
Ch. spring(lat. L. vernus) found throughout middle lane Russia, shade-tolerant, not demanding on soil composition, perennial. It often develops in the form of a shrub 25-35 cm high. Inflorescences are formed from 3-8 flowers of bright two-color color (red, blue, purple, violet). Flowering starts in May.
Photo gallery of species Cultivation
Location. The plants are shade-tolerant, but grow and bloom better in well-lit areas protected from the winds. With sudden changes in temperature at night, the buds may drop.
Soils. The ranks are not picky about the composition of the land. It is better to choose fertile soils that are neutral in acidity. There is no need to fertilize plants when planting, especially with nitrogen-containing compounds. Once a season (in the spring during the period of shoot growth) you can feed with a liquid mineral composition.
Arch design
Care. Watering in hot and dry weather should be plentiful; The plant tolerates short-term droughts well. Perennial species are frost-resistant. The shoots of such plants die off during the winter (they are cut off at the root late autumn), in the spring, young ones from renewal buds quickly develop. If the rhizome is exposed, it is covered with earth. Plants are unpretentious in cultivation.
Planting china near a fence used as a support
Reproduction
Chin seeds are relatively large, covered with a hard shell. If the cover is not disturbed, they retain their germination capacity for up to 10 years. To germinate seeds, scarification is necessary. The seeds are soaked in very warm water overnight, after destroying the shell with a sharp object. Swollen and hatched seeds can be sown immediately in a flower bed (in early April), or grown in peat pots. Why are they planted in a soil mixture consisting of soil (2 parts), peat (1 part) and sand (0.5 part). 2-3 pieces are sown in each pot. Germination is good, the first shoots appear after 5-8 days. Seedlings are pinched at the stage of 2-3 true leaves so that lateral shoots are formed (for abundant flowering). China sprouts are unpretentious and grow quickly. They are planted in a flowerbed in early May; the distance between specimens is maintained at 25-30 cm.
Advice: the place for planting annual species of china needs to be changed; they should not be grown in the same flower bed for two years in a row.
Sweet pea shoots in peat pots
Vegetative propagation by dividing the rhizome (for perennial species) is also possible, but since the root system lies deep and is extremely sensitive to transplants, the method is difficult to implement and ineffective.
Decorative use
China is an excellent plant for vertical gardening. If supports are provided (for tall species), it can be planted in group flower beds or arranged as flowering hedges. China also looks beautiful in the design of arches and mesh fences. Often used to disguise unsightly walls of outbuildings.
Sweet peas - chic decoration for a fence
When creating vertical screens from sweet peas, you can accompany them with tall plants that have flowers in the same color scheme as them; for example, mallow is perfect for this. Plants with multi-flowered inflorescences look good in bouquets.
Sweet pea (china) is a perennial plant that grows in almost any climatic conditions, easy to care for. During flowering, peas exude a wonderful delicate scent and amaze with a variety of shades. The plant blooms for a long time and pleases with its beauty until late autumn (from June to November).
Sweet peas are used to decorate arches, fences, and gazebos, to which the plant gives unique beauty and comfort. In this case, the flower does not require any special conditions planting and growing.
Sweet pea - cold-resistant plant, capable of withstanding frosts down to -5° Celsius.
Although breeders have proposed many varieties of annuals in addition to perennial peas, gardeners still prefer the former. This is explained by the following reasons:
The main thing here is to plant the plant correctly in the first year.
There are many varieties and types of china, the thickets of which adorn the fields of Eurasia, the Mediterranean coast, the mountains of Africa and South America. The most popular are the following varieties of sweet peas:
Material for growing sweet peas from seeds must be prepared in early spring (March-April). Before sowing, the seeds should be soaked in an aqueous solution of the drug “Bud” (1-2g/1l.), while the water must have a temperature of +50°C.
Floating seeds should be removed as they are unsuitable for planting. The rest should be placed in a moist environment for germination. To do this, use a piece of cloth and damp sand, which must be constantly kept moist.
To grow sweet pea seedlings, it is better to purchase store-bought flower soil “Saintpaulia” or “Rose”. But you can also use the universal soil mixture.
To disinfect the soil, it must be pre-treated with a manganese solution.
Plant the sprouted seeds in a container or other container. You can use pots, paper or plastic cups, etc.
Specialized stores now offer a wide range of pots, containers and flowerpots of various shapes and colors, so you can easily select a container for a plant depending on its type and color. Planting depth - 2-3 cm
. The plant must be watered regularly and provided with sufficient heat and light.
After 10-14 days, active germination of sweet peas will begin. When the first three true leaves appear, the top should be pinched. This will ensure active growth of side shoots. To ensure rapid germination of seeds at low air temperatures, it is necessary to cover the container with a piece of glass or film. Watering is carried out once every 7 days.
Important! Seedlings are planted in the ground when they reach a height of 5-10 cm. In order for sweet peas to take root well, it is recommended to replant the plant together with an existing earthen lump. Do not allow the soil to oxidize, as this can lead to rotting of the root system. Perennial sweet peas, provided you follow the rules of caring for them, will delight you with flowering in the first year after sowing snow-white, orange and bright crimson inflorescences
up to half a meter long.
Watering the plant in dry weather is carried out once every 7 days, but quite intensively. 1 m2 of planting will require 30-35 liters of water. Over the entire period of growth of ranks in open ground
" and "Rossa" (1 tbsp each) per 10 liters of water. Consumption - 3-4 l of solution/1 m2 of area. During the adaptation period.
the plant requires regular watering Sweet peas, although able to withstand cold, still need warmth and. If you enrich the soil before planting seedlings mineral fertilizers- you will get a friendly appearance of flowers.
While the stems are not too long, they must be carefully tied.
Since the nature of the plant itself is such that it climbs on its own, while being braided with garters, pruning is not required at all. You just need to monitor the appearance of the peas and periodically remove dry inflorescences. Thanks to this procedure, new flowers become lush, bright and large. In addition, timely removal of old inflorescences promotes longer flowering (about 6 months).
If the flowers you grow do not correspond to those depicted on the package, do not rush to scold the manufacturer: it is quite possible that they the soil just isn't suitable and next year they need to be replanted.
At the end of the warm period, the branches of the plant need to be cut off at the root and the roots should be covered with sawdust. If the trunk of sweet peas is too thin, you can add potassium or phosphorus fertilizers to the soil. This will help strengthen it for next season.
Every gardener have their own growing secrets certain plants, including sweet peas.
Here are some of them:
Preliminary preparation of peas required for varieties with brown and brown inflorescences.
Chin seeds, which have a cream or light color, are sown in the ground without soaking or preliminary preparation.
Important. Sudden changes in temperature (day/night), as well as lack and, conversely, excess moisture can cause loss of flowers and buds.
Growing sweet peas, although it requires some care, is worth it. After all, how nice it is to sit in the gazebo in the evening, inhaling the delicate floral aroma or admire the green hedge with fragrant bright inflorescences. . .
Perennial sweet pea
The plant belongs to the legume family. In nature, distributed in Southeast Europe, in our country in the southern regions, in Crimea. But despite such a habitat, it also feels great in central Russia, in climate zone 4.
The plant is also popularly called perennial sweet pea for its external resemblance. This is quite understandable - the plants are relatives. You can read about annual sweet peas. Only flowers ranks broadleaf don't smell. This perennial herbaceous climbing plant grows up to 2-4 m long per season. It has a powerful, highly branched root that goes deep into the ground. The stem is tetrahedral, the leaves are a pair of oblong-pointed leaves. Each leaf ends with a tendril, which the chin clings to when climbing. Moth flowers are collected in brushes of 4-10 pieces. Each brush is located on a peduncle that grows from the axil of the leaf. The color is white or pink in various shades. In warm climates, flowering begins in June and continues throughout the summer. In more northern areas it begins in July and ends in September. At favorable conditions flowering is very abundant. At the end of August, fruits appear, naturally in the form of beans, which do not in any way impair the decorative appearance of the plant.
Latifolia loves sunny places, but also grows well in partial shade. It is advisable that the place be protected from the wind. The soil will be suitable ordinary garden, preferably containing lime, not acidic. It is enough to water only in hot weather. Feeding is advisable complex fertilizer. The first time is in the spring during the growth of shoots, and then after 3-4 weeks you can repeat. If faded inflorescences are trimmed, preventing the formation of beans, the flowering will last longer. For winter, the stems of the plant should be cut off close to the ground. No shelter required.
Propagated by seeds, cuttings and dividing the bush. It is better to sow seeds in early spring in seedling boxes. The seeds must first be scarified, that is, the durable shell must be broken (scratched or punctured), and then soaked in water until they swell. Seedlings should be planted in a permanent location at intervals of 50-60 cm. Flowering usually begins in the second year. The number of shoots growing during the season increases every year. Over time, it may even be necessary to trim off excess shoots to prevent excessive thickening.
Dividing the bush should be done in early spring, cuttings should be done in early summer.
Due to its powerful root system, the plant does not like transplants. It grows in one place for more than 10 years.
How ornamental plant China latifolia is used for vertical gardening. The branches last for several days when cut.
