Today, there are more than 60 types of varieties that summer residents plant annually on their plots.
Carrots grow over the course of two years, in the first year they produce a fleshy root, and in the second year they produce fruits. For example, if you plant it in 2016, you will reap the harvest only in 2017. And to get good harvest, enriched with vitamin A, it is recommended to listen to the lunar calendar, which accurately answers the question - “when to plant carrots in 2016?”
Everyone knows that carrots are planted in open ground (in beds) in the spring, but not a single gardener will tell you the exact date without first reading the lunar calendar for planting and sowing vegetable crops. And since it changes every year, depending on the waxing and waning of the moon, 2016 offers other dates: May 12, 13, 14, 15. This is the most recommended time - the air temperature is middle lane Russia has already warmed up.
Important! Carrot seeds germinate in 2-3 weeks, and the root crop reaches maturity in 2.5 - 3 months. Therefore, in order to get a rich harvest, it is recommended to plant carrots exactly according to the dates of the lunar calendar of the month of May.
Planting and growing carrots is not difficult, the main thing is to provide it with the conditions necessary for growth: good soil and the absence of stones in it, light.
If you plant carrots at the dacha in heavy soil, the development and growth of its root system will be difficult, which will most likely lead to branching and new formations on the sides. And about adult root vegetables, smooth and correct form All that remains is to dream...
Important! The distance between each plant should be at least 5-6 cm, and between the beds - about 40 cm.
Almost every gardener, both experienced and amateur, grows carrots in Russia. The vegetable is valued by its own beneficial properties and is used in cooking. Land owners are supposed to know when to plant carrots and how to do it correctly.
This crop can be sown in spring and autumn. Do you know what the advantage of winter planting is? The advantage of this method is the earliest harvest. Ripe fruits can be collected in June.
So when should you plant carrots before winter in 2016? The most suitable period is November. If the seeds are sown thirty days earlier, then there is a possibility of sprouts appearing in the fall, which will entail their death during the onset of the first frost.
Depending on the climatic conditions in different regions In Russia, the timing of planting carrots may differ slightly. Every gardener living in the Moscow region and wanting to grow a good harvest should ask the question: “When to plant carrots in open ground in 2016?” After all, a correctly chosen period for sowing will allow the seeds to gain a foothold and successfully “survive” the cold. In the Moscow region optimal time November is considered for landing.
The lunar calendar has been used in Russia for a long time. Based on the phases of the moon, you can determine the favorable time for planting root crops. Please note that carrots should be planted on days when the moon is waning. Favorable dates November in 2016 are: 17, 18 and from 24 to 28.
Winter carrots have no properties long-term storage. Therefore, in order to stock up on the fruits of this root crop for the whole winter, you need to sow it in open ground in the spring. Planting times differ in different regions; they depend on weather and climatic conditions. In the southern regions, sowing work begins in March, and in the northern regions only in May-June.
If we consider the question: “When to plant carrots in open ground in the middle zone?”, then the period from mid-April to the third ten days of May is suitable for residents of this area.
When determining the exact dates for sowing, you can rely on data from the 2016 lunar calendar:
Interesting fact: gardeners do not often grow carrots in a greenhouse or greenhouse. Feeding this root crop indoors does not give good result. There is also no need to feed the seedlings.
Preparation planting material affects the effectiveness and speed of germination. Therefore it is recommended:
When choosing a site for growing carrots, you should consider:
Don't forget to prepare the ground. To do this, you need to dig up the area to a depth of 30-35 cm, while simultaneously adding organic fertilizers.
Caring for young plants is not difficult; the row spacing should be regularly weeded and the crop watered.
In the process of growing carrots, it is important not only to observe the deadlines for autumn and spring sowing, but also to choose the right places for planting, prepare the soil and seeds, and fertilize the soil.
Carrots are a root crop that can be found in the plots of even beginning gardeners. It is rich in vitamins and microelements, and in terms of keratin content it surpasses all vegetables and fruits (except sea buckthorn). To grow large and even fruits, you should know the nuances of growing.
For carrots, choose a well-lit area - direct sunlight throughout the day will benefit the plant. When grown in the shade, the yield decreases and the taste deteriorates.
The soil needs to be loose, neutral or slightly acidic. Light sandy or loamy soils are suitable. In dense loams, the fruits grow small and are quickly affected by rot during storage.
Start preparing the site in the fall to ensure the soil is stable by spring. For looseness, if the soil is heavy loamy, add peat or sand when digging. Fertilize the depleted soil with humus (6-8 kg per 1 m²).
It is advisable to change the location annually carrot beds. Do not plant carrots after parsley, dill, parsnips, and celery. Ideal predecessors for carrots are cucumbers, tomatoes, garlic, onions, potatoes, and cabbage.
The productivity of root crops directly depends on. Different varieties differ in the duration of ripening (information should be indicated on the package of seeds). Also focus on the timing of the desired harvest.
For getting early carrots or so-called bundle products, are carried out or in early spring. The first option is possible only in warm climatic zones - even under a thick layer of covering material, the seeds freeze out under harsh conditions.
Pre-winter sowing of carrots is carried out at the end of October, when warming is no longer expected. If the seeds hatch and sprout in the fall, frost will destroy them. Therefore, they try to push back the sowing dates as far as possible towards the end of autumn.
Carry out the carrots as soon as it warms up. upper layer soil to a temperature of 4-6°C. In the middle zone this is approximately the end of April. Remember: more early boarding carrots and the return of cold weather negatively affects the keeping quality of fruits and provokes the active formation of flower shoots, but this is not an obstacle to growing early ripening varieties, which are immediately eaten and not stored in winter.
Varieties with a long ripening period are excellent for long-term storage. Sow them when real heat is established (15-18 °C).
Preparing carrot seeds for planting in spring by soaking
First, select high-quality seeds: place them in a solution of table salt for 3-5 minutes; those that float to the surface are not suitable for sowing. Rinse the rest under running water, keep for a day in a damp cloth soaked in a solution of a growth stimulator. Before sowing, the seeds are dried until they flow and are sown immediately.
Some gardeners do the following to speed up germination. Place the seeds on a damp cloth and keep them at a temperature of 20-24 °C for 5-6 days. It is important that the seeds only swell, but do not germinate, otherwise the sprouts will be damaged during transplantation and the seeds will not germinate. Before sowing, the seeds are lightly dried until they flow and are sown immediately.
Carrot seeds are optional in the usual way: they are wrapped in cloth and buried deeper in the garden until the soil ripens (about the length of a spade). Leave them in the ground for 10 days. The seeds will not hatch, but will be well prepared for rapid germination. Dry them a little and sow immediately.
Make shallow furrows in the area and water well. Plant the seeds to a depth of 2-3 cm. Maintain a distance between rows of 15-20 cm; try to place individual seeds at a distance of about 2 cm from each other.
On an industrial scale, it is more convenient to plant carrots in double rows: the distance between two rows is 15-20 cm, the wide row spacing is 40-50 cm.
It is convenient to make the ridges narrow (about 1.3-1.5 m), so that you can reach with your hands on both sides to weed the rows. It is better to place the rows perpendicular to the long side of the bed, this makes it easier to sow, dig and water the plants. Row spacing is 15-20 cm. Make edges along the edges of the bed to prevent water from draining.
If the weather is cool, damp, there is no need to water. On warm sunny days, the soil dries out quickly, in which case moderate watering will not be superfluous. However, remember: excessive amounts of moisture will cause the formation of an earthen crust, which is even worse than lack of watering. Therefore, moisten carefully, only lightly sprinkling the bed. Watering is repeated every morning until seedlings appear. Afterwards it will be possible to loosen the rows and water less frequently, after 1-2 days, with the obligatory loosening of the rows until they are covered with grown tops.
At warm weather The seeds will sprout in about a week. Germination time doubles if the air temperature is below 12 °C. Fill up empty spaces with additional sowing.
Before winter, seeds are sown at soil temperatures below +5 °C. Deepen the seeds by 2 cm. The thickness of the mulch layer should be 3-4 cm. If the snow cover is insignificant, additionally cover with spruce branches, increasing the layer to half a meter.
To grow large root crops, the density level should be adjusted. Carry out the first thinning when true leaves appear. The sprouts are very tender, so that they can be removed well, it is necessary to water them abundantly, and after drying, lightly loosen the soil.
Remove plants one at a time, leaving a distance of 2-3 cm between individual plants. It is better to carry out the procedure in daytime– in the evening you can attract a carrot fly to the pest area. Do not leave tops in the garden. Press down the soil around the plants a little to keep the sprouts upright. After 20 days, thin out again, doubling the distance.
The juiciness and sweet taste of root vegetables depends on watering. Provide regular watering throughout all stages of carrot growth. The soil should be soaked to a depth in accordance with the size of the root crop. Water the bed with mature carrots so that the soil is wet to a depth of 30 cm. Due to lack of moisture, the fruits are limp and have a bitter aftertaste.
After 3-4 days, adding 30-40 liters of water per 1 m² to provide moisture for the formation of root crops. Medium-sized roots are able to find moisture on their own - add 10-20 liters of water per 1 m² once a week. From the end of August, 8-10 liters of water per 1 m² every 1.5-2 weeks is sufficient. Keep carrots without watering for 2 weeks before harvest.
Sudden changes from soil drying out to excess moisture lead to cracking of fruits, which impairs their keeping quality.
Regularly loosen the rows and weed the plantings to remove weeds.
Carrots follow twice a season. Apply the first feeding 3-4 weeks after emergence, the second – after a couple of months. Apply fertilizer in liquid form. For 10 liters of water, add your choice: 2 cups of wood ash; 1 tbsp. l. nitrophoska; 20 g of potassium nitrate, 15 g of double superphosphate and urea.
Carrot fly - main enemy plants. It appears when plantings are thickened, in the presence of weeds, or from excessive soil moisture. You will understand that the plantation is affected by the carrot fly by the following signs: the leaves will begin to curl and dry out. An insecticide treatment should be carried out urgently.
To protect against carrot fly Marigolds are planted next to carrot beds, the smell of which repels pests.
Carrots are slightly susceptible. Possible damage by fomoz and alternaria. The risk of diseases is reduced by treating the beds with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.
Carrots are not afraid of cold weather, but low air temperatures (below +8 °C) promote the conversion of starch into sugar, which will negatively affect keeping quality. In the middle zone, the carrot harvest should be harvested at the end of September. Do this in dry weather. Dig up the carrots, shake the roots off the ground, hold them in the air (not under direct sun rays) about 1.5-2 hours, then cut off the tops. Sort the harvest, place smooth fruits without damage in ventilated boxes, store in a cool, dark place.
Choosing carrot seeds: for open ground. Among the many varieties you can easily choose best option for both spring and autumn sowing.
Alenka – variety early date ripening, harvesting can be done after 50 days of growth. With a root length of 12-15 cm, the weight is 145 g.
Tushon – early ripening variety, its fruits are ready for harvest after 2 months of growth. Weight – 150 g, length – 20 cm.
Nantes is a mid-season variety with a ripening period of 85-90 days. Average length The blunt-ended root crop is 16 cm long and weighs 165 g.
Vitamin – the root crops of the variety are ready for harvest after 110-112 days of growth. Weight – 150 g, root length – about 15 cm.
Queen of Autumn is a late variety, ripening in 125-135 days. Ideal for winter storage. With a root length of 20 cm, it weighs about 160 g.
Flakke is a late variety. Harvest can be done after 100-120 days of growth. A root crop 30 cm long weighs about 150-170 g.
Sowing carrots for growing in the country is usually done directly into the ground. The peculiarity of this root vegetable is that it tolerates picking very poorly, being sensitive to damage. root system. To get an excellent carrot harvest, you need to consider many factors, ranging from proper crop rotation, quality of seeds and soil, sowing procedures and ending with proper care.
The timing of sowing is important to obtain good seedlings. It is necessary to take into account the climatic features of the region and the recommendations of the lunar calendar. Some people plant early varieties of carrots in a greenhouse; in this case, sowing can be done earlier.
You can sow carrots in open ground only after the threat of night frosts has passed, because tender seedlings can only survive short-term and light frost. Ideally, during the sowing period the temperature should not drop below 7°C at night.
In the Moscow region, such values are typical for the beginning of May. Of course, if the arrival of heat is late, you should make allowances for weather conditions and slightly delay sowing. But, as a rule, summer residents of the Moscow region begin to sow seeds during the May holidays.
Carrots take quite a long time to germinate, so don’t worry if the seeds haven’t sprouted even after 2 weeks. Sometimes it takes up to 22 days before seedlings appear above the soil surface. The quality of the seeds also matters; the fresher they are, the better. The germination rate of this crop is already quite low. Usually from 50 to 75% of seeds germinate, and over time this figure becomes even lower.
It is impossible to give a definite answer to the question of when to sow carrots in the Urals. The Ural Mountains stretch for 2500 km, covering both more northern and southern regions, each of which has its own climatic characteristics.
On a note! The continental climate of the Urals is characterized by sudden weather changes and uneven precipitation. Therefore, you need to focus on the soil temperature, which should reach 8° at the time of planting.C.
If there is a slight decrease in temperature, then this is not a problem, the main thing is that it does not reach minus values. In some areas of the Urals, such temperatures may be established by the end of April, while in others you will have to wait until mid-May.
In Siberia, as in other areas, it is possible to grow carrots in open ground. For sowing in this region great importance has quality seed material. Small seeds contain too little supply of nutrients for active plant growth to occur in the future, so you need to take selected, large seeds, since their germination in this region takes longer.
In Siberia, it is best to grow mid-season and late varieties. So that they have time to ripen, sowing is done in early April on a prepared bed. After sowing, the bed is covered with film.
It is known that the phases of the moon influence the movement of juices in plant tissues. On a waxing moon, sap flow rushes upward, and on a waning moon, on the contrary, the juices are directed to the roots. Therefore, the recommendations of the lunar calendar for working with root crops and plants that produce above-ground fruits will be different. For carrots, it is better to plant on a waning moon.
If root crops are sown closer to the full moon, they will have an elongated, elongated shape. Planting on the eve of the new moon will give carrots a more compact shape, and the vegetable will grow strong and stocky. But there are also days not recommended for planting, which are considered infertile.
In 2018 favorable days for sowing carrots the following are considered:
Unfavorable days for planting this crop in 2018 will be:
Undesirable days for planting coincide with the dates of the new moon and full moon. The beginning of the lunar cycle is a barren period, negative for all endeavors.
Sowing carrots can be in spring, summer and winter. Planting dates in each case have their own advantages.
You cannot plant this vegetable in the same place for 2 years in a row.
It is best if the predecessors of carrots are:
Carrots should not be planted after other root vegetables, since in this case the plants use the same layers of soil, which are greatly depleted. By following the rules of crop rotation, you can count on a bountiful and high-quality harvest.
The type of soil in which the seeds are sown is of great importance for growing carrots. The soil should be light, well-drained and fertile. Loamy or sandy loam soils with neutral acidity, or slightly acidic.
On a note! In clay soil, carrots grow crooked and ugly due to the high density of the soil.
It is necessary to prepare a bed for carrots in the fall. For it you should choose a sunny, well-lit place, preferably on a hill. The earth is dug up, freed from stones and weeds, and the necessary additives are added:
The soil is carefully dug up again and mulched, or sown with green manure. In the spring, 7-10 days before planting carrots, loosen the ground, break up the lumps, and water warm water and cover with film so that the earth does not dry out and remains warm.
Carrot seeds are high in essential oils which prevents moisture from penetrating inside. Therefore for better germination seeds should be properly prepared. You can do this in several ways:
After treatment by any of the described methods, the seed is dried in a warm place before planting. You can sow in the usual way, in bulk, or you can use other methods that many summer residents find more convenient.
This unusual way sowing has its advantages, which is why it has gained popularity. Seeds are prepared in advance in comfortable conditions premises, planting them in the ground subsequently takes a minimum of effort and time. On paper based you can place the material evenly, at regular intervals, selecting only seeds suitable for planting .
On a note! Seed material is calibrated by placing it in a saline solution. The seeds that float to the surface are thrown away, as they are “dummy”.
When laying the paper tape in the ground, the seeds will be at an equal depth and will sprout at the same time.
The paper retains moisture, which prevents the seeds from drying out. According to the technology of this method of sowing, the bed is covered with a film, which helps protect the seedlings from the spread of carrot flies and unfavorable weather conditions. Seedlings can be left without watering or weeding for a long time. A conditional disadvantage of such planting can be considered the later emergence of seedlings compared to the traditional method (by 2-3 weeks).
You will need to prepare several rolls of three-layer in advance toilet paper, a small bowl, a spray bottle with water, special glue (purchased or homemade). You can make glue from potato starch. It can be enriched mineral fertilizer, adding during the manufacture of the composition. For 1 glass of water, take 1 teaspoon of starch. The starch is poured into boiling water, stirred thoroughly and allowed to cool.
You can replace starch with wheat flour, taking it in the same proportions.
Advice! If different seeds are sown, the paper is wrapped in a plastic bag on which a sticker with the name of the variety is placed.
A new method using egg containers as a stencil makes it possible to sow evenly and dispense with thinning in the future, which reduces the cost of effort and time for caring for carrots. This method is simple and convenient.
Placed on the ridge Plastic container where they sell chicken eggs, lightly pressing it to the ground. As a result, identical cells of the required depth are formed on the soil surface. After this, all that remains is to place the seeds in the holes, sprinkle with a layer of soil and water.
You can sow carrots evenly, without the need for further thinning, using manual seeders, which will cost you 2.5-3 thousand rubles. If you do not plan to purchase such equipment, you will have to resort to other methods.
Try several methods at once and choose your favorite. The main thing is to get good at it, then in further landing carrots will be an easy and quick task for you.
The very first step in caring for carrots in the summer is to thin them out. If you were unable to make plantings more sparse, At the stage of the appearance of the third leaf, the plants are thinned out for the first time, leaving the strongest and strongest seedlings at an equal distance from each other. The second thinning is carried out 3 weeks after the first. After this procedure, the soil must be properly watered. The remaining plants should be spaced 4-5cm apart.
The remaining holes in the soil are filled in so that the carrot fly does not lay eggs there. The pulled out seedlings are removed from the ridge so as not to provoke the appearance of pests. The bed is regularly loosened, and at the end of July the soil is raked up to the tops of the root crops to prevent them from greening.
Watering is carried out as needed; it should be deep, not superficial. It is necessary that water enters the soil to a depth of 12 to 20 centimeters. But keep in mind that carrots do not like waterlogging. This begins increased growth of tops and branching of root crops.
During the summer, carrots need to be fed three times, especially if no organic matter was added to the soil when growing the predecessor.
You can also plant tomatoes, peas, radishes, sage, beans, lettuce and garlic nearby.
WITH legumes It is better to plant carrots and tomatoes across the bed so that each crop has enough space.
But anise, beets, aromatic herbs, horseradish and parsley are not suitable for growing with carrots in the same bed.
To decide whether it’s time to dig up the root crops or wait a couple more weeks, you need to take 1-2 carrots out of the ground and inspect them. If you see the appearance of thin roots, then it’s time to harvest the crop before rodents get to it. Early ripening varieties can be pulled out of the ground as needed. But some people harvest the entire crop of early carrots at once in order to sow the area with a new crop.
Carrots produce the largest increase in fruit mass at the end of August and September, when, due to a decrease in temperature, the above-ground part overtakes all useful material into root vegetables. Therefore, most the right time The end of September is considered for harvesting in mid-latitudes. It is not advisable to keep root crops in the ground for longer. Harvest carrots on a warm sunny day by lightly prying from below with a fork or shovel, and then pulling out the bush with your hands.
To ensure that carrots are stored well later, try to avoid mechanical damage during harvesting. The tops must be immediately carefully cut with a knife, capturing the top of the root crop by 1-2mm - this will prevent the carrots from sprouting during storage. Before being placed in the basement, the harvest is laid out under a canopy for ventilation and only then put into boxes and put away.
The main mistakes include the following agricultural techniques that a summer resident can use due to inexperience:
To get smooth, large, ripe carrots, you will have to try. It will be necessary to prepare in the fall seat, tinker with seeds, properly care for plantings. But for a passionate gardener, all this trouble is not a burden, but a joy, especially since the efforts in this case will certainly be rewarded.
Most favorable days for planting root crops of carrots, parsnips and beets: March 4, 24-27, 30-31 - April 1, 23, 27-28 - May 19-20, 23-24 - June 2-3, 21-22.
Planting carrots in spring 2016 according to lunar time sowing calendar
Every gardener always sows carrots in the spring! However, not everyone succeeds. Why? There are many reasons for this: incorrectly chosen sowing dates, unsuccessful selection of varieties, or violation of agricultural practices.
The timing of sowing directly affects the yield of carrots and depends on the variety and purpose of the finished root crops. Carrots are a cold-resistant crop: minimal required temperature for seed germination +3&hellip-+6°C, seedlings can withstand short-term frosts down to –4&hellip-–5°C. According to the ripening period, all carrot varieties are divided into early-ripening varieties with a growing season of up to 100 days, mid-ripening varieties - up to 120 days, and late-ripening varieties - up to 140 days.
To get early carrots for the table, choose early-ripening and ultra-early ripening varieties that ripen in 45-60 days; for winter storage it is better to sow late-ripening varieties carrots.
Carrot sowing dates
For early consumption, carrot seeds are sown from April 25 to May 1, the next sowing mid-season varieties carrots - May 1 - May 10. If carrots are needed for long-term storage, then they are sown in the first - second ten days of May, until May 25 inclusive.
In the southern regions, carrots can be sown in 2 terms: the first sowing is March 10-20, the second sowing of carrots is May 10-15.
By folk calendar Carrots are planted when coltsfoot blooms.
The most favorable days for sowing carrots in the spring of 2016 according to the Lunar sowing calendar:
The first thinning is carried out in the phase of 1–2 true leaves, the second 15–20 days after the first.
The main care of carrot beds consists of timely weeding, loosening the rows, watering and fertilizing. Water carrots rarely, but abundantly and evenly. Loosening of row spacing is carried out simultaneously with weeding.
Sowing parsnips and caring for them according to the Lunar sowing calendar of the gardener and gardener 2016
Parsnips are grown for their juicy white roots with a specific aroma. The root crop is formed 120–170 days after sowing.
It is better to choose well-lit places for sowing parsnips. Parsnips are cold-resistant and frost-resistant: optimal temperature for plant growth +15...+20 °C, seedlings can withstand frosts down to –5 °C. Agrotechnical techniques for growing parsnips are the same as for carrots. Care consists of periodic watering, loosening and weeding. Root vegetables are harvested in the fall, at the same time as carrots, and stored in the same way.
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Parsnip sowing time
In the middle zone, parsnips are sown in the ground at the end of April and at the beginning of May. It is better to sow parsnips for storage later - at the end of May.
The best days for planting parsnips in the spring of 2016 according to the Lunar sowing calendar:
Planting beets according to the Lunar sowing calendar of the gardener and gardener 2015
Exists a large number of beet varieties of different ripeness groups, shapes and sizes of root crops. Mid- and late-ripening varieties and hybrids are sown for storage; early-ripening varieties are grown “for the table.”
Beetroot belongs to the group of long-day crops, but many modern varieties table beets are adapted both to short day south, and to the long day of the north.
Beet sowing time
Beetroot is a moderately cold-resistant crop: the seeds can germinate at +3 °C. But the optimal temperature when sowing dry seeds is +10 °C. In addition, young beet seedlings may die from spring frosts.
To grow early beets for the table in the middle zone, beets are sown from April 25 to May 5 under a cover made of spandbond or film.
By folk signs The time to plant beets comes when the aspen blooms.
Favorable and conditionally favorable Lunar days for sowing beets in 2016:
When to water, feed and root beets?
Beets are photophilous: it is important to weed and thin them on time. Table beets generally require a moderate amount of watering. Systematic watering should be carried out during seed germination and in July–August. Beetroot is very responsive to the application of fertilizers to the soil.
The first time the beets are thinned out in the phase of the first true leaves, the second time after 2-3 weeks, leaving a distance of 5-7 cm. The plucked plants can be used to prepare a green salad. During the summer, the beets are periodically weeded and the soil is loosened between the rows. On dry and hot days, water. Beets begin to be pulled out for food when they reach a diameter of 3–4 cm.
