Polish variety obtained at the Institute of Horticulture and Floriculture in Skierniewice by T. Jakubowski, A. Wojniakiewicz, C. Zagaja by hybridizing the varieties Nefrys x Volynska.
The tree is medium-sized, with a very thick crown. The shoots are thin and medium thick, covered with oval dark green leaves.
The fruiting period begins 2-3 years after planting. Fruiting is annual and abundant. Blooms early. Winter hardiness is quite high, but cases of damage are frequent bacterial cancer.
The fruits are small, about 4 g, round, easily separated from the stalks. The skin is dark red, the flesh is red, medium density, sour, juice is colored. The bone is round and small. peduncle middle length, thin.
The fruits ripen in mid-July, 4-5 days before Lyutovka.
Cultivated mainly for juice. The variety is suitable for mechanized harvesting. Can be recommended for industrial and amateur gardens.
Bred at VNIIS named after. I.V. Michurina. The tree is medium-sized, fast-growing, with a rounded, raised crown of medium density. Fruiting is concentrated on bouquet branches.
The fruits are medium in size (3.8 - 4.1 g), round, dark red, with a small number of small integumentary points on the skin and an inconspicuous small seam. The fruit pulp is dark red, medium density, juicy. The stone is medium, easily separated from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour. The peduncle is long, with a weak attachment to the stone. The fruits are of medium ripening period (second half of July), transportable. The direction of their use is universal.
The variety is self-fertile. The best pollinators: Zhukovskaya, Morozovka, Lebedyanskaya, Griot Michurinsky. It begins to bear fruit 4–5 years after planting in the garden. Productivity is regular, 6.0 - 8.0 t/ha. Suitable for vibration shaking. The tree is highly winter-hardy, drought-resistant, with high field resistance to coccomycosis.
Advantages of the variety: regularity of fruiting, high resistance to coccomycosis, suitability for mechanized harvesting, high rooting ability when propagated by green cuttings.
Disadvantage of the variety: the fruits are not large enough.
A very old variety, widespread in Russia. Its origin is lost far in the centuries of history, and it is hardly possible to restore it with great accuracy. Vladimir cherry is included in the State Register for the North-Western, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth and Middle Volga regions; zoned since 1947
This is a typical bush cherry. Self-rooted plants form multi-stemmed bushes 2.5-5.0 m or more in height. When grafted, it forms single-standard trees. The trunk and skeletal branches are ash-gray in color, the bark is flaky, with longitudinal cracks. The crown is round, spreading with age, weeping, slightly leafy inside; skeletal branches are ascending, extending from the trunk at an angle of 50-60°. It bears fruit like bush cherries - more than 80% of the fruits are located on annual branches.
Fruit from small (12.1 x 13.7 x 12.5 mm) to medium (16 x 20 x 17.5 mm) sizes, weighing from 2.5 to 3.4 g, flat-round, slightly compressed from the side of the ventral suture, with a rounded top and a shallow, tight funnel; the abdominal suture is little noticeable. The skin is black-red, covered with numerous gray dots, the flesh is dark red, dense, fibrous, juicy, very good sour-sweet, harmonious taste; The juice is thick, dark cherry. When the fruit is fully ripened, it is separated very easily, with a dry separation.
Grafted plants begin to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting. In terms of flowering and fruiting times, it belongs to the medium group; 60 days pass from the beginning of flowering to the beginning of ripening. In central Russia, the fruits ripen in mid-July. The fruits do not ripen at the same time; a delay in harvesting can lead to their shedding.
The variety is self-sterile. The best pollinators can be Amorel rosea, Vasilyevskaya, Griot Moscow, Lotovaya, Lyubskaya, Fertile Michurina, Rastunya, Turgenevka, Black consumer goods. The tree's winter hardiness is good, but generative buds can be significantly damaged by low winter temperatures, which often causes low yields and prevents the variety from spreading to the northern regions middle zone Russia.
Yields vary greatly depending on the area of cultivation, weather conditions overwintering, and is generally characterized as moderate to good. In central Russia, in favorable years (during the period of full fruiting of plants), the harvest can be up to 20-25 kg of fruit per tree; in the northern latitudes (Leningrad region) at the age of 10 years it yields only up to 5 kg.
The fruits of Vladimir cherries are characterized by excellent taste, have a universal purpose, and are suitable for the production of high-quality processed products: jam, compotes, dried fruits and quick freezing. The variety is used for wide production plantings in central Russia and amateur gardening. It is necessary to select high-yielding clones with the best biological and economic indicators. For more northern latitudes and the southern fruit growing zone it is of limited interest.
Advantages: high quality fruit with universal use.
Flaws: reduced frost resistance of generative buds, susceptibility to fungal diseases - cocomycosis and moniliosis.
The variety was bred at the Rossoshansky zonal experimental horticulture station by A.Ya. Voronchikhina as a result of crossing the Zhukovskaya and Krasa Severa varieties. In 2000, the variety was included in the State Register for the North Caucasus region. It is still poorly distributed, mainly in home gardens in the south of the Voronezh and north of the Rostov regions.
Tree low or medium height, height in adulthood does not exceed 3-4 meters; The crown is round, of medium density, with good foliage, the branches extend almost at right angles. Flowering occurs late, the variety is self-fertile.
Fruit large, with an average weight of 6.1 g, fruit height 22 mm, width 24 mm, thickness 22 mm; the shape of the fruit is from heart-shaped to round-conical with a narrowing towards the apex, the fruits have clearly defined edges, are moderately flattened on the sides, the funnel is wide and shallow, the top of the fruit is flat, with a small shallow funnel, the color of the skin is dark red. The pulp is bright red, with small light veins, fleshy, tender, the juice is light red. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant, with a tasting score of 4.2 points. The technological qualities of the fruits are good: compotes are rated on average at 4.4 points per appearance and 4.2 points for taste. The fruits ripen in the early-mid period, in the south of the Central Black Earth Region at the end of June.
Trees grafted on antipka begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting in the garden, early fruiting is good, the average yield for the first four years of fruiting was 8.7 kg/tree. During the period of full fruiting, the average yield was 24.7 kg/tree, in the most favorable years they received up to 55-60 kg per tree.
The winter hardiness of the tree in the south of the Central Black Earth Region is good; the freezing point, even in the most unfavorable winters, did not exceed 2. Flower buds are less stable, although their death was not observed in the usual winters for the south of the Central Black Earth Region.
Resistance to cocomycosis is average, usually the damage does not exceed 1.5-2 points, but in wet years it can reach 4-5 points. The variety has increased resistance to moniliosis.
Advantages of the variety: Not a big tree, high yield, large fruits.
Disadvantages of the variety: the pulp of the fruit is too tender, which reduces their transportability, and the taste is not high enough.
The variety was obtained at the All-Russian Selection and Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nursery Growing.
The tree is medium-sized - 2.5 m, the crown is wide-rounded, spherical, dense. Fruits mainly on annual growth.
The fruits are above average size (weight 3.5 g), round, dark red, suitable for fresh consumption and various types processing. The taste is sour-sweet, pleasant, the flesh of the fruit is medium dense, juicy, the juice is dark red, the seed is medium-sized, round or slightly oval, the fruit comes off wet.
The variety is early-fruiting, ripens on July 15-20, self-sterile, the best pollinators are Vladimirskaya, Pink Flask. Productivity is above average (8.6 kg per tree or 6-8 t/ha). The winter hardiness of the tree and buds is above average, resistance to coccomycosis is average, and resistance to moniliosis is below average.
Advantages: mid-early productive Moscow variety with good quality fruits.
Disadvantages: average resistance to fungal diseases.
The trees are of medium size, 4 m high at the age of 15 years, with a densely leafy, rounded, spreading crown. The nature of fruiting is mixed - more fruits are formed on annual shoots, less on bouquet branches.
The fruits measure 18 x 20 x 18 mm, weighing 3-3.5 g, round, somewhat compressed in height, black and red. The pulp is tender, dark red, with pink veins, sweet and sour, good taste; the juice is intensely red. The stalk is long, up to 40-50 mm, thin, easily separated from the fruit; when overripe, the fruits may fall off.
A variety of universal use, the fruits are good both for fresh consumption and for making high-quality jam and other processed products.
Grafted plants begin to bear fruit 3 years after planting, productivity increases rapidly over the years. According to the timing of flowering and ripening, it belongs to the varieties of the early-middle group. Self-sterile, the best pollinators are Anadolskaya, English early, Vladimirskaya, Lyubskaya, Podbelsky, Rastunya, Tambovchanka, Shubinka, as well as many varieties of cherries.
Moderately affected by moniliosis, susceptible to coccomycosis up to 4 points. The disease chlorosis on carbonate soils manifests itself to a moderate degree.
Bred in Hungary. In the first years the tree grows quickly, further growth slows down. Forms an ovoid crown of medium density with strong branches covered with numerous fruit formations.
The fruits are large and very large (average weight 6.0 - 7.0 g), kidney-shaped, cherry-red, translucent, with a dessert taste. The pulp is red, dense, the juice is bright red. The tear is dry, transportability is high. The bulk of the fruits ripen in mid-July (in the conditions of the Voronezh region - at the end of June). The fruits are consumed fresh and are suitable for freezing.
The variety is partially self-fertile, early-bearing, and begins to bear fruit 2–3 years after planting. It produces high yields mainly in regions with warm climates. Due to early flowering, flowers can be damaged by return frosts. Resistance to fungal diseases is weak.
Advantages of the variety: high quality fruits, early fruiting.
Disadvantages of the variety: low resistance to fungal diseases, possibility of damage to flowers by late spring frosts.
Received from the All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture named after. I.V. Michurina.
Early ripening variety. A tree of medium vigor with a wide-rounded, spreading crown of medium foliage.
The fruits are large, weighing 4.6-5.0 g, round, red. The pulp is red, medium density, delicate consistency, juicy, dessert taste. Recommended for fresh consumption.
The variety is partially self-fertile. The tree is highly winter-hardy, moderately drought-resistant, with increased resistance to coccomycosis.
Advantages of the variety: early fruiting, very early ripening, winter hardiness, regularity of fruiting, disease resistance.
Disadvantages of the variety: exposure of branches due to untimely pruning.
A variety of Hungarian origin. Seedling of the Panda variety. The tree is vigorous, forms a powerful, densely leafy crown. Flowering begins a day later than Groniasta. Self-fertile variety.
Flower buds are moderately resistant to winter frosts. The leaves are medium-sized, on long petioles, there are two large stipules, as on other varieties of the “Panda” type. The crown and leaf apparatus are resistant to diseases.
The fruits are large, weighing about 6 grams, heart-shaped, red. The fruit juice is colored. The taste is sweet and sour. Medium density pulp. The stalk is medium in length. The bone is small. The bulk of the fruits ripen at the end of the first ten days of July, almost simultaneously with Groniasta.
The variety is productive, the fruits are of very high quality. A typical dessert variety. Suitable for establishing industrial plantations. In recent years it has become the most popular Hungarian variety. Plantings of this variety should not be placed in quite warm regions. Particularly good fruiting is observed when joint landing with the Nephris variety.
Obtained from the All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Selection fruit plants them. I.V. Michurina. A tree of medium vigor with a round, slightly spreading crown of medium density and foliage.
The fruits weigh an average of 4.0 g (some reach 6 - 7 g), oval-heart-shaped, dark red, and have an attractive appearance. The pulp is dark red, quite dense, juicy, sour-sweet, very pleasant taste. The juice is dark-colored. The average harvest period is the second ten days of July. The fruits ripen on the tree simultaneously and are not prone to shedding. They are suitable for fresh consumption and technological processing.
The variety is self-sterile. It begins to bear fruit in the fourth year after planting. The yield is good - 12 kg per tree or more. Resistant to coccomycosis and ring spot pathogens.
Advantages of the variety: high quality fruits, disease resistance, suitability for mechanized harvesting.
Disadvantages of the variety: average winter hardiness of flower buds, large stone.
The variety was obtained by A.I. Sychov.
The tree is medium-sized, compact with a moderately dense spherical crown, easy to care for and harvest. The fruiting pattern is mixed, most of the harvest is formed on bouquet branches.
The fruits are large, weighing 6.6-6.8 g, round, dark red, moderately dense and transportable. The pulp is tender, dark red, sweet and sour, excellent taste, the juice is red.
Medium-late ripening variety. The winter hardiness of trees, cambium and flower buds is high.
Productivity is high and regular. Pollinators can be both cherries and sweet cherries with dukes.
An ancient English variety, widespread in Western Europe, is little known in Russia. According to many morphological and biological characteristics, it is a cherry-cherry hybrid. Included in the State Register for the Central Black Earth and Lower Volga regions; in zoning since 1947
Tree vigorous, at a young age the crown is pyramidal, reaching a height of 4 m at the age of 10 years, then acquires a rounded shape. The fruiting pattern is mixed, most of the harvest is formed on bouquet branches.
Fruit medium size - 19.3 x 19.5 x 17.0 mm, weighing 2.5-3.0 g, round, slightly compressed in height, dark red, with a rounded top and a narrow, shallow funnel; The pulp is tender, dark red, sweet and sour, good taste, the juice is red. The fruits are universally used and can be used to make high-quality jam.
Plants begin to bear fruit late - 5-6 years after planting. According to the timing of flowering and ripening, it belongs to the group of early varieties; the fruits ripen in 20 days. before cherries Lyubskaya. The variety is partially self-fertile; Vladimirskaya and Griot Ostgeimsky can serve as the best pollinators. Productivity is average, at the age of 8-10 years 15-18 kg per tree, in some favorable years during the period of full fruiting it reaches 30-40 kg. Winter hardiness in normal winters is good; in severe winters (-27.4°C), freezing of shoots can be 1.4 points, of generative buds - up to 30%. It exhibits average field resistance to coccomycosis; in some years the damage is 4 points.
The Kent variety is of interest mainly for amateur gardening in the central and southern fruit growing regions of Russia.
Advantages varieties: dark red, high-tasting fruits.
Flaws: smallishness of fruits, which manifests itself with plant age; late entry into fruiting and insufficient frost resistance.
The fruits are medium and above medium in size (average weight about 5 g), slightly oblong, shiny, cherry-red with small, weakly expressed bright and dark areas, which gives them an elegant appearance. The pulp is dark red, tasty, the juice is dark-colored, ruby-cherry in color. The separation is dry. The fruits ripen at the end of the first ten days of July. The direction of their use is universal.
The variety is self-fertile. It begins to bear fruit early. Blooms in mid-season. Productivity is high, there is no frequency of fruiting. Winter hardiness is average. Resistant to leaf spot, but moderately affected by bacterial canker and not resistant to moniliosis.
Advantages of the variety: early fruiting, high and stable yield, high commercial qualities fruits
Disadvantages of the variety: average fruit size, low resistance to bacterial canker and moniliosis.
The variety was bred at the Rossoshansky zonal experimental horticulture station by A.Ya. Voronchikhina from crossing the Zhukovskaya and Pobeda varieties. In 1995, accepted for state variety testing in the Central Black Earth region. It is still poorly distributed in gardens.
Tree weak or medium height, height at 15 years of age does not exceed 3-4 m; the crown is oval or round, of medium density, with medium foliage.
Fruit with an average weight of 4.9 g, height 22 mm, width 24 mm, thickness 21 m, heart-shaped, laterally flattened quite strongly, the funnel is narrow, small, the apex of the fruit is rounded, with a barely noticeable residue of the pistil. The color of the skin is dark red with a wide, lighter stripe; The pulp is dark red, homogeneous, fleshy, quite dense, the juice is dark red. The taste is sweet with a slight acidity, without foreign flavors, dessert with a tasting score of 4.7 points. The technological qualities of the fruits are good: compotes are rated on average 4.4 points for appearance and 4.4 points for taste. The fruits ripen early, simultaneously or slightly earlier than grade Kent, in the south of the Central Black Earth region, usually in the second ten days of June. Due to their high taste, the fruits are primarily intended for fresh consumption.
Flowering occurs in the early-mid period, the variety is self-fertile, the best pollinators are Kent and Black Large. Trees grafted on antipka begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting in the garden. The early fruiting rate is high, the harvest grows very quickly: in the sixth year the trees produced an average of 19.8 kg of fruit, and at the age of 8 years – 40.4 kg each.
The winter hardiness of the tree in the south of the Central Black Earth Region is good. Average degree of freezing even in the most unfavorable winters of 1984-1985. with the temperature dropping to -31.4º and 1986-1987. with an absolute minimum of -36.4º it was 2.2 points. During the most severe winter of 1986-1987. 52.4% of flower buds froze; in other winters, the percentage of death of flower buds did not exceed 35%.
Lada is severely affected by cocomycosis and in the years of epiphytotics the average damage score reaches 4.6 points (2000). Resistance to moniliosis is average.
Advantages varieties: high taste of fruits, early fruiting, high and regular yield.
Flaws: weak resistance to cocomycosis.
An outstanding domestic variety of folk selection.
Tree up to 2.5 m high, with a spreading spherical crown.
The fruits are large, round-ovoid, dark red, shiny. The pulp is light red, juicy, sweetish-sour taste. The juice is light red. The harvest ripening period is late - mid-July in the southern regions, at the end of July - early August in the northern regions.
The variety is self-fertile. It begins to bear fruit 2 years after planting. The yield is good - 10 kg per bush. This variety has average winter hardiness.
Advantages of the variety: high productivity, low trees, good transportability of fruits.
Disadvantages of the variety: prone to fungal diseases, high acidity of fruits.
A variety of unknown origin, one of the most valuable for industrial production. The tree is medium-sized, forms a spreading crown with drooping branches that tend to become bare.
The fruits are large, with an average weight of 5.5 g, round, dark red. The pulp is dark red, juicy, sour, the juice is dark red. The seed is medium, the stalk is long and thick. Depending on the climatic conditions The fruits ripen in late July - early August. A variety for technical purposes: due to the sour taste, the bulk of the fruits are processed.
The variety is self-fertile. It begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting. Flowering later. Fruiting is annual and very abundant. The variety is winter-hardy and not resistant to coccomycosis.
Advantages of the variety: early fruiting, high yield, resistance to leaf spot and bacterial blight.
Disadvantage of the variety: mediocre taste of the fruit.
Polish variety from the Institute of Horticulture and Floriculture in Skierniewice. Obtained as a result of hybridization of Lyutovka x Shirpotreb varieties. The tree is vigorous, forms a bushy, slightly spreading crown. Large branches are covered with numerous fruit formations. The leaves are elliptical, medium-sized, with a crenate-serrate edge. The petioles are long. The fruiting period begins in the second or third year after planting in the garden.
Blooms in mid-season. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to major diseases. Self-fertile.
The fruits are medium-sized, weighing about 5 grams, spherical, slightly flattened. The pulp is dark cherry color, loose, sweet and sour taste. The juice is colored. The stalk is of medium length, the fruit is easily separated from it. Ripens in mid-July, about 10 days before Lyutovka ripens.
The variety is suitable for mechanized harvesting. The fruits have a dessert taste and are suitable for processing.
Obtained from the All-Russian Selection and Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nursery Growing. Trees of medium and below average height (2 - 2.5 m), the crown is rounded, slightly drooping.
Fruits with an average weight of 4.5 g, oval, dark burgundy, with dense juicy pulp with a sweet and sour dessert taste. The juice is dark red, the stone is easily separated from the pulp. The average harvest ripening period is July 20-25. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and all types of processing (jam, marmalade, juice, compote).
The variety is self-fertile, early-fruiting. Productivity is high - 10 - 12 kg per tree (8 - 10 t/ha), fruiting is annual. The winter hardiness of the tree is above average, and the flower buds are average. Moderately resistant to the most dangerous fungal diseases (moniliosis and coccomycosis).
Advantages of the variety: one of the most reliable and highly productive varieties with high quality fruits.
Disadvantages of the variety: average resistance to fungal diseases.
Obtained at the Rossoshansky Zonal Experimental Station of Horticulture. The tree is vigorous - up to 5 - 6 m tall, with a round or wide pyramidal crown of medium density.
The fruits are large (average weight 5.8 g), flat-round, slightly or moderately flattened on the sides, the skin is dark red. The pulp is dark red, aromatic, medium density, the juice is red. The taste is sweet with pleasant sourness, without astringency. The tear is dry or almost dry. The average harvest period is late June - early July. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and technological processing.
The variety is early-bearing - it begins to bear fruit 4-5 years after planting in the garden. The average yield is 16.4 – 21.6 kg per tree. Resistant to coccomycosis.
Advantages of the variety: large fruit and dessert taste of fruits, high yield, disease resistance.
The disadvantage of the variety is the strong growth of the tree.
Bred in Poland. Nephris is one of the main industrial varieties grown in Norway. The tree is medium-sized, the crown is oval, the branches are directed upward.
The fruits are medium or large (average weight 6–7 g), round, slightly flattened. The skin is dark red, shiny, tender. The pulp is dark red, quite dense, the juice is dark cherry color. The separation is dry. The fruits ripen in mid-July. The direction of use is universal.
The variety is self-fertile. It bears fruit early. Winter hardiness is average, susceptible to bacterial canker, and for this reason the variety is not recommended for cultivation in areas with big amount precipitation. It blooms in the mid-early period, so there is a risk of damage to the flowers by returning spring frosts.
Advantages of the variety: high quality fruits, early fruitfulness, self-fertility.
Disadvantages of the variety: susceptibility to bacterial cancer, possibility of damage to flowers by return spring frosts due to early flowering.
Bred at the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture. The tree is low-growing, the crown is wide-rounded and dense. Mixed type of flowering and fruiting.
Fruits with an average weight of 3.4 g, wide oval, dark red, juicy. The pulp is red, medium density, the juice is red. The fruits have a mediocre sour taste and are not resistant to cracking. The harvest ripens in medium terms. The variety is suitable for cultivation in intensive gardens, including for mechanized harvesting, and is intended primarily for technological processing into jam, juices, and compotes.
The variety is partially self-fertile. It begins to bear fruit 2–3 years after planting and is cultivated for 18–20 years. Productivity – 7.5 t/ha. Resistance to low winter temperatures in trees and shoots is quite high, while in generative buds it is average. Flowers may be damaged by late spring frosts. To coccomycosis and to cherry slimy sawfly the variety is moderately resistant.
Advantages of the variety: low-growing tree, early fruiting, suitability for intensive technologies cultivation and processing.
Disadvantages of the variety: low weight and mediocre taste of the fruit.
An American variety bred at an experimental station in Minnesota by crossing English Morello x Serbian Pie.
Trees weak or medium-sized, by 10 years the height is 2-2.5 m. The crown is dense, widely rounded. The type of fruiting is mixed - both on strong growths of the previous year and on 2-4-year-old bouquet branches. Thanks to this, the fruits are distributed evenly throughout the crown. It begins to bear fruit a year after the annuals are planted. Productivity increases quickly. The variety is self-fertile. The winter hardiness of wood and generative buds is high.
The fruits ripen in the mid-late period, early July.
Fruit medium weighing 4.5-5.0 g, spherical. The skin is brownish-red, shiny. The pulp is medium density, dark red, juicy, with a satisfactory sweet and sour taste. The juice is colorless. The seed is small and easily separated from the pulp. The separation of the fruit from the stalk is wet in most years.
Advantages of the variety: low growth of plants and compactness of the crown, allowing the variety to be used in intensive gardens, suitability for mechanized harvesting. Early fruiting, high yield and resistance to coccomycosis; high degree of self-fertility, which is the key to stable fruiting.
Disadvantages of the variety: Severe damage to the tops of shoots by moniliosis in some years.
A very good cherry variety for technical fruit processing.
The variety comes from Yugoslavia, where for a long time in the village. Olacina (Serbia) has gained wide popularity. The leading cherry variety in Yugoslavia. The beginning of its spread to Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, France, Russia, etc. dates back to the early 70s of the 20th century. Zoned since 1995. Included in the State Register for the North Caucasus region.
Tree medium height, with pronounced restrained growth, oval-rounded, dense crown. Skeletal branches extend from the trunk at angles close to 45°. The bark of the trunk and skeletal branches is dark brown. The leaves are medium-sized, 85 x 45 mm, from oval to obovate, dark green, matte, with a strongly pointed tip; petiole 12-14 mm. The flowers are small, 25 mm, saucer-shaped. The nature of fruiting is mixed: on annual branches and bouquet branches.
Fruit medium-sized, 15 x 17 x 16 mm, weighing about 3 g, from round to wide-round, dark red. The pulp is dark red, dense, sweet-sour, mediocre taste, with a significant predominance of acid. The fruits contain dry matter - 16.0%, sugars - 8.5%, free acids - 2.0%, ascorbic acid - 16.3 mg per 100 g of wet weight. The stone is 9 x 8 x 7 mm, weighing 0.3 g, makes up 10% of the total mass of the fruit, round-oval, smooth, medium separated from the pulp. The stalk is on average 25 mm, thin, separated from the fruit with a dry separation. The fruits, having high acidity, are suitable mainly for processing into jam, juice and for quick freezing.
It begins to bear fruit 4-5 years after grafting and 2-3 years after planting. Characterized by late flowering and mid-late ripening. Partially self-fertile, better harvests produces when pollinated by varieties Meteor, Nefris, Northstar, etc. The variety is productive, quickly increases productivity and produces up to 10 kg of fruit per tree in the 4th year after planting. Frost and winter hardiness are relatively good: intact generative buds when frozen at -32°C were 63%, at -40°C – 21%. Shows field resistance to coccomycosis (damage 2 points), relatively resistant to clasterosporosis.
Possessing such qualities as resistance to low negative temperatures, moderate growth pattern, early fruiting, high productivity and good transportability of fruits, suitability for mechanized harvesting, the Oblachinskaya variety is of interest for further testing and cultivation in the southern fruit growing zone of Russia.
Advantages: moderate growth, early fruiting, transportability of fruits, suitability for mechanized harvesting.
Flaws: excessive acidity and insufficient fruit size.
The variety was bred at the Rossoshansky Zonal Horticulture Experimental Station from crossing the Prima and Effectnaya varieties. Authors: A.Ya. Voronchikhina, A.I. Sychov. In 2004, the variety was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the Central Black Earth Region.
Tree medium-sized or vigorous, up to 4-5 m in adulthood, with a rounded spreading crown of medium density, good foliage.
Fruit with an average weight of 5.3 g, fruit height 18 mm, width 21 mm, thickness 20 mm, flat-round to round, heart-shaped, moderately or rather strongly flattened laterally, the funnel is wide, the apex is round, the base of the pistil is slightly depressed. The color of the skin is dark cherry, almost black; the variety occupies a leading place in terms of color intensity. The pulp is dark cherry, almost black, with a network of small veins near the skin, quite dense, the juice is dark red. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant, with a tasting score of 4.0 points. The technological qualities of the fruits are good: compotes are rated on average 4.6 points for appearance and 4.5 points for taste.
Flowering occurs very early, the variety is self-fertile. The fruits ripen in the early-mid period, in the south of the Central Black Earth Region in the third ten days of June. Trees grafted on antipka begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting in the garden, the rate of increase in yield is moderate - the average yield for the first 4 years of fruiting was 2.7 kg/tree, higher than that of the control variety Zhukovskaya (for this The time came in 1994 with an extremely unfavorable winter). During the period of full fruiting, the average yield was 15.2 kg/tree; in the most favorable years, an average of 25-30 kg per tree was obtained.
The winter hardiness of the tree in the south of the Central Black Earth Region is good, the average degree of freezing of the tree in the extremely unfavorable winter of 1993-1994. was 1.3 points (for the control variety Zhukovskaya 1.7 points). The stability of flower buds is high; the maximum percentage of their death over the last ten years of study did not exceed 14.0%. The resistance of the Pamyat Voronchikhina variety to cocomycosis is below average, at the level of the Zhukovskaya, Kentskaya and Griot Ostgeimsky varieties. Moniliosis is relatively weakly affected, the maximum degree of damage did not exceed 1.0 points.
Advantages of the variety: large, intensely colored fruits.
Disadvantages of the variety: not always regular yield, wet separation of the fruit.
The Hungarian variety, a vigorous tree, forms an ovoid, rather spreading crown with strong branches covered with fruit formations. The leaves are shiny, leathery, dark green, wide.
Plants often begin to bear fruit in the third year after planting. The variety is partially self-fertile. It blooms early, which is why the flowers can be damaged by spring frosts. Trees are rarely affected by diseases.
The varieties Nefris and Lyutovka are considered the best pollinators.
The fruits are large and very large, weighing 6-7 grams, kidney-shaped. The skin is cherry-red, translucent. The pulp is colored, dense, tasty. The juice is bright red and does not stand out after being torn off from the stalk (dry torn off). The bone is medium size, round. The peduncle is long, thin, with short stipules and usually a pair of leaflets. The fruits ripen in the second half of July, approximately 7 days before Lyutovka ripens.
The fruits have a dessert taste and are attractive. Suitable for making compotes, juices and jams. Good for freezing. The fruits tolerate transportation well.
German variety obtained in late XIX centuries from crossing the Griot Ostheimsky variety with the Lotovaya cherry.
Tree vigorous, reaches a height of 5 m or more, forms a beautiful, rounded, heavily leafy crown that becomes flat-rounded with age. The fruiting pattern is mixed. Grafted plants begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting, productivity increases slowly. According to the timing of flowering, it belongs to the group of early, ripening – early-mid (fruits ripen at the end of June). Maturation is not simultaneous. The productivity of the variety is high.
Fruit weighing up to 5 g or more (usually 4-5 g), flat-round. The skin is dark red, almost black, shiny. The pulp is dark red, with light veins, fibrous, tender, sweet and sour, very good, harmonious, with a pleasant cherry aroma; the juice is intensely red.
Advantages of the variety: excellent taste of fruits for dessert and technical purposes, comparative field resistance to fungal diseases, high productivity.
Disadvantages of the variety: insufficient resistance to low negative temperatures, large plant sizes create problems with care and harvesting.
Thanks to its tasty, excellent quality fruits, it belongs to the group universal varieties, its fruits are used for dessert and for the preparation of high-quality processed products; Fruit transportability is average.
Tree medium or vigorous with a rounded crown. The variety is early fruiting. Winter hardiness is good. Self-sterile. The best pollinators are Vladimirskaya, Lyubskaya, Shubinka.
Late ripening variety (July 25-30). The fruits can remain on the tree for a long time, until September, without losing their qualities.
Fruit medium, weighing 3-4g, round, dark cherry. The pulp is dense, juicy, sweet and sour. The stone is medium in size and easily separated from the pulp. The juice is dark red. The fruit detachment is semi-dry. The fruits are suitable mainly for various types of processing.
Advantages of the variety: annual and high yield.
Disadvantages of the variety: increased sensitivity to moniliosis and small fruits.
Variety of unknown origin.
Early ripening. A tree of medium vigor, with a sparse spherical crown.
The fruits are large, weighing 5.0 g, flat-round, dark red, the flesh is red, tender and juicy. The harvest ripening period is early - in the second ten days of June. The average yield is 35-36 kg per tree.
Advantages of the variety: high yield, disease resistance.
Disadvantages of the variety: mediocre fruit taste.
Obtained at the Rossoshansk Zonal Experimental Station of Horticulture by A.Ya. Voronchikhina.
Medium early ripening variety. A tree of medium vigor (height at maturity does not exceed 3-4 m), with a wide pyramidal sparse crown, medium or weak foliage.
The fruits have an average weight of 4.5 g, round-oval, dark cherry color, slightly flattened on the sides, with dense juicy pulp with a sweet and sour taste. The juice is dark red. The ripening period for the harvest is mid-early - the third decade of June.
It begins to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting. Productivity is high - 15 kg per tree. The winter hardiness of the tree is high. The variety is moderately resistant to the most dangerous fungal diseases (moniliosis and coccomycosis).
Advantages of the variety: small tree, dense, high-quality fruits, suitable for transportation.
Disadvantages of the variety: low resistance to diseases.
Obtained at the Rossoshansky Zonal Experimental Station of Horticulture by A. Ya. Voronchikhina.
Late ripening variety. A tree of medium vigor (3-4 m in height), with an oval or wide pyramidal crown of medium density. The fruits are large (average weight 5.6 g), height 25 mm, round, laterally flattened quite strongly, the skin is dark cherry, almost black. The pulp is dark cherry, with lighter veins, tender, soft, the juice is dark red. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant. The separation is wet.
Intensive type variety. It begins to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting. The average yield is 11.5 kg per tree.
Advantages of the variety: low-growing tree, high early fruiting, large fruits.
Disadvantages of the variety: fragility of the tree, severe damage to fungal diseases.
Polish variety from the Institute of Horticulture and Floriculture. Obtained from crossing the Lyutovka x Shirpotreb varieties. The tree is vigorous, creates a spherical crown with powerful branches covered with fruit formations. The leaves are oval, medium in size, with a finely serrated edge.
It begins to bear fruit early - in the second year after planting. Characterized by very high productivity. Blooms early. The variety is winter-hardy and quite resistant to disease.
The fruits are medium-sized, weighing about 5.5 grams, round in shape. The skin is dark red, the flesh is red, rather loose, and sour. The fruit juice is colored. The stalks are long, thin, often with stipules.
The fruits ripen in early July before the Nordstar variety.
The variety is suitable for both planting industrial gardens and private household plots.
The purpose of the fruit is fresh consumption and processing. After ripening, the cherries are easily separated from the stalks.
The variety was obtained by selecting seedlings from free pollination of the Zhukovskaya variety.
Tree about 3 m high, tree-like, with a reverse-pyramidal raised crown of medium density. Flowering in the middle period (May 12-15). Fruit ripening is average (July 5-15). It begins bearing fruit in the 5th year. Partially self-fertile. The average yield is 613 c/ha, the maximum is 200 c/ha. The winter hardiness of the tree is high, the flower buds are average. Average resistance to coccomycosis and moniliosis.
Fruit weighing 5.0 g, broad-heart-shaped. The skin is dark red. The pulp is dark red, juicy, dense, the juice is dark red. The bone separates from the pulp well. The taste is sweet and sour. The separation of the fruit from the stalk is average. Advantages of the variety: winter hardiness, productivity, good quality fruits
Disadvantages of the variety: insufficient winter hardiness of flower buds.
The variety was obtained at the All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after. I.V. Michurina. A medium-sized tree with a spherical crown of medium density and foliage. It bears fruit on bouquet branches and on last year's growths.
The fruits are large, with an average weight of 5.0 g, one-dimensional, round. The main color of the fruit is dark red, with an average number of inconspicuous subcutaneous dots. The pulp is orange, tender, the juice is light red. The stalk is firmly attached to the seed; the medium-sized seed is easily separated from the pulp. The taste of the fruit is sweet and sour, pleasant (4.7 points). Transportability is average. Fruits of universal use, they are suitable for fresh consumption and for all types of processing.
The variety is partially self-fertile; the best pollinators are Zhukovskaya and Vladimirskaya. Fruiting is regular. Resistant to coccomycosis.
Advantages of the variety: stable yield, high resistance to coccomycosis, high-quality fruits for universal use.
Disadvantage of the variety: rather large seed.
Bred at the Rossoshansky zonal experimental horticulture station. A tree of medium vigor or low growth, in adulthood no higher than 3 - 4 m, the crown is wide-pyramidal or oval, of medium density.
The fruits are large (average weight 5.6 g), round, and rather strongly flattened laterally. The color of the skin is dark cherry, almost black. The pulp is dark cherry with light veins, tender, juicy, the juice is dark red. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant. The fruits ripen in the mid-early period, in the south of the Central Chernobyl Region - at the end of June, they are distinguished by high technological qualities.
The variety is self-sterile; the best pollinators are Kent and Griot Ostheim. Trees grafted on antipka begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting in the garden. Productivity 12 – 25 kg per tree. Winter hardiness is high. Coccomycosis is affected to a moderate or severe degree. It is not resistant to moniliosis, especially if there is rainy, humid weather during the flowering period.
Advantages of the variety: low-growing tree, early fruiting, large-fruited, late flowering.
Disadvantages of the variety: fragility of the tree, instability to fungal diseases.
The variety was obtained at the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops. The tree is 2.0 - 2.5 m high, the crown is reverse pyramidal, compact, raised, of medium density. Mixed fruiting type.
The fruits weigh 3.5 g, wide-round, almost black. The pulp is dark red, medium density, the juice is dark red. The stone is separated from the pulp well, the separation of the fruit from the stalk is average. The tasting score of fresh fruits is 3.8 - 4.0 points, they ripen in the middle period (July 8-15). The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and for all types of processing.
The variety is self-fertile and begins to bear fruit 4 years after planting. The average yield is 7.8 t/ha, the maximum is 9.7 t/ha. Winter hardiness of wood and buds is good. The variety is drought-resistant. Susceptible to coccomycosis and moniliosis.
Advantages of the variety: winter hardiness, productivity, self-fertility.
Disadvantages of the variety: susceptibility to coccomycosis and moniliosis.
Received from VNIIGiSPR - Sverdlovsk Horticulture Breeding Station.
Late ripening variety. A tree of medium vigor (1.5-2 in height), with a rounded, widely spreading crown of medium density and foliage.
The fruits weigh an average of 3-4 g, are dark red, have an attractive appearance, and are resistant to cracking. The pulp is dark red, medium density, juicy, sweet and sour, very pleasant taste. The juice is dark-colored. The harvest ripening period is late - in the second ten days of August. The fruits ripen unevenly on the tree and are not prone to shedding. They are suitable for fresh consumption and technological processing.
The variety is self-fertile. It begins to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting. The yield is good - 13-17 kg per tree.
In order to increase productivity, pollinator varieties “Maksimovskaya”, “Subbotinskaya”, “Ural Standard”, and “Polevka” are planted in the neighborhood.
Advantages of the variety: highly winter-hardy, drought-resistant.
Disadvantages of the variety: affected by coccomycosis and moniliosis to a moderate degree.
Cherry-cherry hybrid - Duke.
The variety was obtained by A.I. Sychov.
The tree is medium-sized, the crown is pyramidal, becoming rounded with age.
The fruiting pattern is mixed, most of the harvest is formed on bouquet branches.
The fruits are very large, weighing 7.5-7.8 g, large, dark red, moderately dense, the flesh is tender, dark red, excellent taste, red juice. Tasting assessment of the taste of the fruit is 4.8 points. This is almost the standard of taste among cherries.
Medium ripening variety. The winter hardiness of the tree is high.
The variety was bred at the Donetsk Experimental Horticulture Station by breeder L.I. Taranenko through targeted free pollination of Nordstar cherries and cherries Valery Chkalov.
In terms of ripening time - medium grade (end of June). Partially self-fertile, pollinated by cherries (Molodezhnaya, Lyubskaya, Nordstar, Meteor), as well as sweet cherries.
Winter hardiness and disease resistance are high. Blooms in mid-season. The variety is high-yielding.
The fruits are large, weighing up to 7 g, wide-heart-shaped, laterally compressed, dark red. The pulp is dark red, sweet and sour, good taste (4.5 points). The tree is medium-sized, with a wide-pyramidal, medium-dense crown.
Advantages: high yield, resistance to coccomycosis.
Trees of medium vigor with a sparse pyramidal crown
Medium ripening period.
The fruits are dark red or red, weighing 6 - 8 g. The taste is sweet and sour with a cherry aroma.
The winter hardiness of flower buds in the south of the Central Chernobyl Zone is good, but the trees are severely affected by sunburn and, as a result, are short-lived. Therefore, it is advisable to tie the trunk and the bases of skeletal branches with paper, reeds or whitewash for the winter.
The variety was bred by L. I. Taranenko and A. I. Sychov at the Artemovsk Research Center of the IS UAAN by crossing the Griot Ostgeimsky cherry and the Valery Chkalov cherry.
Trees medium-sized, with a rounded crown of medium density. They bear fruit mainly on bouquet branches, as well as on annual growths. The leaves are large, dark green. The shoots and buds are very similar to cherry trees, so annual seedlings in a leafless state are difficult to distinguish from cherry seedlings. Only by the dense leathery leaf blade and the taste of the fruit can one determine that it is a cherry. Requires a pollinator - cherry.
They begin to bear fruit in the 4th-5th year, are productive, resistant to diseases, have good drought resistance and winter hardiness.
Ripening period is the second ten days of June.
Fruit very large (8-9 g), dark red, round, slightly flattened on top, universal purpose. The pulp is dark red, juicy, with an excellent dessert taste. The stone is larger than average and separates well from the pulp.
Advantages of the variety: very large fruits, dark-colored, high taste qualities (at the level of cherries - sweetness, without acid), dessert taste, in no way inferior to southern cherries, but with a light cherry aroma and at the same time the aroma of sweet cherries.
It should be noted that Miracle Cherry has another significant advantage - it is resistant to a complex of fungal infections that are rampant in our gardens - monilliosis, coccomycosis and others, and is slightly colonized by the cherry fly.
Trees of medium height with a pyramidal or rounded crown.
Medium ripening
Ripens in early to mid July.
The fruits are very large (their weight reaches an average of 10 grams), dark red in color, and round in shape.
The pulp of the fruit is dark red, juicy, tasty, the color of the juice is red. The taste rating of the berries during tasting was 4.8 points - very high.
Spectacular - the variety was bred for RZOSS.
The tree is medium-sized or with a pyramidal crown shape, slender, very decorative.
The winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds is moderate, with significant freezing in severe winters.
The variety is self-sterile, the yield is good, on average 20-25 kg are obtained per tree, maximum yield up to 50 kg.
The fruits are very large, weighing 6-7 g, onion-shaped, dark cherry. The pulp is red, very pleasant sweet and sour taste with a tasting score of 4.5 points. The juice is light red.
Fruit ripening in the south of the Central Chernobyl Zone in early July. Spectacular is a typical cherry-cherry hybrid, which is characterized by very high consumer quality fruits.
Common cherry- Cerasus vulgaris Mill.Unknown in the wild, but widely distributed in culture. It can be used not only as a fruit plant, but also as a very ornamental plant in group and edge plantings, in hedges.
Tree up to 10 m tall, with a spreading crown, smooth bark, and scaly peeling bark. The leaves are broadly elliptical, pointed, crenate-toothed along the edge, smooth, shiny, bright or dark green, lighter below, up to 8 cm long, petiolate. The flowers are white, fragrant, up to 2.5 cm in diameter, on long peduncles, 2-3 in umbellate inflorescences. Flowering duration is 10-20 days. The fruits are dark red, spherical, fleshy, usually flattened on top, sweet and sour.
Fast-growing, shade-tolerant, frost-resistant and drought-resistant breed. Smoke and gas resistant. It develops better on loose, humus-rich soils. It responds well to lime content in the soil. Forms numerous root suckers. Some scientists consider it a natural hybrid between bush cherry and sweet cherry, which arose and was repeated many times in places where the parent species grew together.
In addition to numerous varieties, it has a number of forms that are interesting only from a decorative point of view: spherical(f. umbraculifera) - a low-growing tree with a compact spherical crown and small leaves; terry(f. plena) - see photo, with white semi-double flowers; Raksa(f. Rexii) - with white double flowers; peach blossom(f. persicifolia) - with light or bright pink flowers; always blooming(f. semperflorens) - a small tree or shrub with smaller leaves and four flowers at the ends of shortened shoots, blooms all summer; motley(f. aureo-variegata) - with yellow- and white-variegated leaves; aucubodist(f. aucubaefolia) - with yellow spots on the leaves; loosestrife(f. salicifolia) - with large leaves, up to 13 cm long, with a width of 3 cm.
C. vulgaris "Rhexii" - V. vulgaris "Rhexii" Tree up to 3 m tall. Cultivated in botanical gardens Europe, North America, East Asia. Photophilous mesotherm, mesotroph. In GBS since 1956, 1 sample (1 copy), grafted plants, cuttings obtained from LSOS. At 33 years old, the height is 3.6 m, the trunk diameter is 6 cm. It grows from 7.V ± 8 to 15.X ± 7 for 161 days. The growth rate is average. Blooms from 25.V ± 7 to 1.VI ±10 for 7 days. Doesn't bear fruit. Winter hardiness is high. Propagated by grafting and summer cuttings (60% rooted when treated with a 0.01% IBA solution for 16 hours). Very decorative thanks to its double, large, white flowers.
Decorative forms are good as single or small group plantings in the foreground, and variegated forms are good in complex compositions.
In central Russia there are varieties: Vladimirskaya, Lyubskaya, Shuiskaya, etc.; for the Leningrad region. standard varieties: Korostynskaya, Shpanka, Ostgeimsky, etc. The most famous Michurin varieties are: Fertile, Michurina, Pionerka, Yubileynaya, Polka, etc.
Close view Sour cherries- S. austera (L.) Rome. Tree up to 10 m tall. The drupe is easily separated from the pulp; the juice is dark red, coloring. In culture throughout Russia, north to the latitude of the Karelian Isthmus - Sverdlovsk. In the forest-steppe and further south it runs wild.
Photos of EDSR.
Growing cherries in the photo
To begin with, we present to your attention photos and descriptions of cherry varieties with increased winter hardiness.
Cherry variety “Ukrainian” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Ukrainian” in the photo
Ukrainian. Comes from Vladimirskaya (Parenteleva). The tree or bush is highly developed, with a hemispherical, widely spreading crown, with weakly hanging ends of the middle and lower branches. This cherry variety is winter-hardy, high-yielding, early-fruiting, and early. Reproduces mainly by root suckers. Flowering early.
It bears fruit on one-two-year-old wood, which makes it different from Vladimirskaya (Roditelevskaya). It begins to bear fruit from the 3rd year. During the period of greatest harvests (9-20 years) it produces 10-24 kg per tree on average, and from individual trees up to 40-50 kg.
The fruits are medium-sized, about 3 g in weight, flat-round, dark purple, almost black, with dark pink flesh and thick dark red juice. The taste is good, sweet, with slight acidity. The stone is medium, flat-rounded, weight 0.26 g.
Fruit ripening occurs in early July.
Consumption - fresh (the best dessert variety) and for technical processing: for wine, extracts, jam and other products. Transportability is satisfactory.
Cherry variety “Fertile Michurina” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Fertile Michurina” in the photo
Fertile Michurina. The tree is low-growing, up to 2 m in height, with a widely spreading crown and hanging ends. This is one of the best winter-hardy cherry varieties, characterized by high yield. Flowering and ripening later.
It begins to bear fruit from the 3rd year. The name of this cherry variety speaks for itself - this form is very fertile. During the period of increasing productivity (4-9 years) it produces an average of 0.5-10 kg of fruit per tree, during the period of highest productivity - 12-16 kg per tree, and from individual trees - up to 20-25 kg.
The fruits are large, weighing about 4 g, round, dark red, on long stalks. The pulp is juicy, with pink juice, mediocre sweet and sour taste. The stone is large, oval, weight 0.35 g.
The fruits are harvested in mid-late August.
Consumption - fresh, but mainly for technical processing: for juices, wine, jelly, preserves, compotes.
Cherry variety “Vladimirskaya” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Vladimirskaya” in the photo
Vladimirskaya (Paroteleva). A tree or bush of moderate development, with a spreading crown with drooping branches. The variety is winter-hardy, productive and early-bearing. It begins to bear fruit from the 3rd year. Flowering early. During the period of increasing harvests (4-8 years) it produces up to 8 kg of fruits per tree, during the period of the heaviest harvests - 8-10 kg, and from individual trees - up to 30 kg.
The “Vladimirskaya” cherry variety has medium fruits, about 3 g in the photo 
The “Vladimirskaya” cherry variety has flat-rounded, dark red, almost black fruits in the photo
As you can see in the photo, this cherry variety has medium-sized fruits, about 3 g, flat-round, dark red, almost black.
The pulp is dark pink, with thick, dark red juice, good, sweet, slightly acidic taste. The stone is medium-sized, flat-rounded, weighing 0.27 g.
Fruit ripens in early July.
The best variety for fresh consumption and technical processing: for wine, extracts, jelly, jam, etc.
Now read the description of cherry varieties for central Russia, distinguished by their large berry size.
Here you can see photos of cherry varieties, the descriptions of which are given below:
Cherry variety “Beauty of the North” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Beauty of the North” in the photo
Beauty of the North. The variety was obtained by I.V. Michurin by crossing early Vladimir cherry with Winkler white cherry.
The trees are vigorous, with a sparsely branched, oval-spreading crown covered with large leaves.
In the region, the variety is medium-winter hardy and medium-yielding, with early fruit ripening. It begins to bear fruit at the age of 3-4. At the age of full fruiting (12-20 years) it produces an average of 8-12 kg of fruit per tree. Flowering is mid-late.
This is one of the best varieties large cherries with fruits weighing about 5 g, light pink, flat-round, shiny, with soft, very juicy light pulp and juice with an excellent, sweet-sour taste. The stone is large, round, weight 0.35 g.
Ripening - at the end of June, mass harvest - in early July, end of harvest - in mid-July.
Not very suitable for transportation. The best dessert variety. The fruits are good for jam, compotes, etc.
Cherry variety “Lyubskaya” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Lyubskaya” in the photo
Lyubskaya. One of the best Central Russian varieties. It has been known in the region for a long time, but is not yet widespread.
low tree, up to 2-2.5 m, with a hemispherical, medium-dense crown, covered with large dark green leaves.
The variety is medium winter hardy. The main characteristics of this cherry variety are high yield and early fruiting. It begins to bear fruit from the 3rd year, the yield increases quickly. During the period of increasing productivity (4-9 years) it produces an average of 1.2 to 12 kg of fruit per tree, and during the period of highest yields (10-20 years) - 16-30 kg. Flowering later.
The fruits are large, weighing 3.8 g, flat-round, dark red, with juicy pink-red pulp and juice of a sweet and sour mediocre taste. The stone is medium, round, weighing 0.27 g.
The fruits ripen on July 20-25, mass harvest - July 22-30, end of harvest on August 5-10. They tolerate transportation well.
Consumption - fresh, for technical processing (jams, wines, juices) and for home preparations - marinades, etc.
Cherry variety “Large-fruited Volga” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Large-fruited Volga” in the photo
Large-fruited Volga. A tree of medium vigor, with a rounded, medium spreading crown. The variety is winter-hardy and high-yielding, with a rapid increase in yields over the years. At the age of 7-8 years it produces up to 10 kg of fruit.
This is one of the most large varieties cherries: its fruits reach 4-6 g, with an average weight of 4.5 g, oval-round, narrowed towards the apex, somewhat compressed at the seam, dark burgundy, glossy. The pulp is dark red, like the juice, medium dense, juicy, sweet and sour, good taste. The stone is quite large, weighing 0.3 g, lagging behind the pulp.
Consumption fresh, can also be used for technical processing. It is superior to a number of local varieties in winter hardiness, yield, size and taste.
Cherry variety "Antonovka Kostychevskaya" in the photo
Antonovka Kostychevskaya (Kostychevskaya, Kostychevka). Composite local variety of steppe cherry, obtained from natural pollination with common sour cherry.
Under this name there are a number of varieties (clones) or varieties, from which the best were selected as a result of bedbug selection:
Below is a description and characteristics of each of them.
Cherry variety “Kostychevskaya black” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Kostychevskaya black” in the photo
Kostychevskaya black (Antonovka Kostychevskaya No. 1, Kostychevka black). A low tree or bush, with a wide-spreading hemispherical crown, arched branches, the ends of which hang downwards. The leaves are medium sized, elongated, slightly curved, dark green, shiny.
Fruiting occurs on one-year-old wood. This late variety cherry is suitable for the middle zone: it is highly winter-hardy and drought-resistant. Productivity is high. It begins to bear fruit from the third year. Flowering later. During the period of full fruiting (10-25 years) it produces up to 18-24 kg per tree, and from individual trees 30-35 kg.
The fruits stay on the tree for a long time. The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 3.2 g, round, slightly compressed on the sides, dark burgundy, with black spots. The pulp is medium-dense, dark pink, with thick dark pink juice, sour, with barely perceptible bitterness and aroma characteristic of steppe cherries, mediocre taste. The seed is small, oval, weight 0.22 g. The transportability of the fruit is good.
Fruit harvesting begins in the second half of July, and ends in mid-August.
Cherry Kostychevskaya No. 2 (Kostychevka) in the photo 
Yagoda Kostychevskaya No. 2 (Kostychevka) in the photo
Kostychevskaya No. 2 (Kostychevka). It differs from the previous variety in its almost rounded dense crown with non-hanging branches, matte leaves, wavy curved at the edges, and fruiting on one to two year old wood. The variety is winter-hardy, drought-resistant and productive. During the period of full fruiting (9-20 years) it produces up to 20-20 kg per tree.
The fruits ripen in the second half of July, but slightly earlier than those of Kostychevskaya No. 1. This cherry variety, grown in Russia, is external signs and the quality of the fruit is close to Kostychevskaya No. 1.
Fruit consumption is the same.
Kostychevka red cherry (Kostychevka No. 4) in the photo 
Kostychevka red berry (Kostychevka No. 4) in the photo
Red Kostychevka (Kostychevka No. 4). A tree or bush of medium development, with a wide-spreading crown and arched, hanging branches, the drooping of which is more pronounced than that of Kostychevskaya No. 1, according to morphological characteristics which she is similar to. This variety is winter-hardy. This cherry variety is for central Russia with high yields with a rapid increase in harvest over the years. At the time of full yield (9-20 years) it gives an average of 15-20 kg per tree, and from individual trees - 35-40 kg.
The fruits are medium-sized, about 3 g in weight, almost round, slightly flattened at the poles, dark red (lighter than Kostychevskaya No. 1), sweet and sour, good taste.
Ripen in the second half of July.
Consumption of fruits - fresh and for technical processing.
Kostychevka sweet cherry (Kostychevka No. 5) in the photo 
Kostychevka sweet berry (Kostychevka No. 5) in the photo
Kostychevka sweet (Kostychevka No. 5). A small tree or bush with an oval-round, medium-spreading crown, with hanging lower branches. The branching is not dense. Winter hardiness is high. Productivity is average. During the period of full yield (9-20 years) it produces 8-15 kg per tree, and from individual trees up to 20-25 kg.
The fruits are almost round, slightly compressed from the sides, dark red (lighter than Kostychevskaya No. 1), weighing about 3 g. This is one of the best varieties of cherries for central Russia with a good, sweet and sour taste with a slight astringency. The stone is medium, elongated oval, weighing 0.2 g.
The fruits are eaten in the second half of July.
Consumption - fresh and for technical processing.
These photos show the best varieties of cherries for central Russia:
Cherry “Vladimirskaya” for central Russia in the photo 
Cherry "Lyubskaya" for central Russia in the photo
Kostychevskaya black (No. 1) is zoned according to the group of main varieties, and the rest - as additional ones and for wide production testing, in all zones of the region.
All varieties of Antonovka Kostychevskaya are propagated by grafting, but mainly by root suckers, which, before planting in the garden, are first rooted in the nursery (pereshkolka). The root system of all varieties lies deep and gives a small amount of offspring.
Watch the video “Cherry Varieties”, which shows best forms of this culture:
Below is another selection of photos and names of cherry varieties, which many gardeners consider the best for growing on the site.
Cherry variety “Rastunets” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Rastunets” in the photo
Rastunets (Rastunia, Dslgostebelka). Widespread Volga variety. Vigorous trees with a wide pyramidal crown. The growing season ends late. They grow well and bear fruit lung soils and medium mechanical composition, moderately moist and sufficiently nutritious. On rich soils and in low places, the growth of trees increases, but their resistance to frost and gum is weakened.
This is one of the best varieties of cherries for the middle zone, moderately winter-hardy, and productive. It begins to bear fruit from the 4th-5th year. The harvest is distributed throughout the crown, mainly on two- to three-year-old wood, on bouquet branches. During the period of greatest harvests (10-25 years) they produce an average of 25-35 kg, and individual trees 40-45 kg. Flowering is mid-early.
The fruits of this cherry tree variety are medium-sized, weighing an average of 2.6 g, flat-round, dark burgundy-red, with juicy dark pink pulp and juice with a sour, refreshing taste. The stone is medium, round, weight 0.25 g.
Fruit ripening - July 10-15, mass harvest - July 15-20, end of harvest - the last days of July. The fruits are transportable.
Consumption - fresh and for technical processing, where this variety occupies one of the first places.
Cherry variety “Podbelskaya” in the photo 
Podbelskaya cherry berry in the photo
Podbelskaya A local variety representing a hybrid form of steppe cherry of unknown origin.
It grows as a low bush or tree with a wide-spreading crown, the branches of which, arching, hanging down at the ends. The variety is highly winter-hardy, drought-resistant and productive.
It begins to bear fruit at three years of age with a rapid increase in yields. At the time of full fruiting, it produces an average of 5-12 kg of fruits per bush, with the largest ones - 24-30 kg. Flowering is mid-early.
The fruits are medium in size, flat-round in shape, bright red at the beginning of ripening, darker when fully ripe. The height of the fruit is 1.4 cm, diameters are 1.63 and 1.45 cm, weight is 2.6 g. The pulp is juicy, light pink, the juice is pink. This cherry variety is considered the best by those who love the “classics”: the taste of the fruit is sour or slightly sweet. The stone is oval-round, small, weight 0.23 g.
Medium-late ripening: harvest maturity July 20-25, mass harvest - July 25 - August 10, end of harvest - August 15-20.
Thanks to their strong attachment to the stalk, the fruits, upon reaching removable maturity, can remain on the tree for a long time, acquiring better taste and extending the period of fresh use to one month.
Consumption - fresh, but mainly for technical processing.
If you don’t know which varieties of cherries are best to plant in the middle zone, pay attention to the following forms:
Cherry variety “Shokoladnitsa” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Chocolate Girl” in the photo
Chocolate girl. The trees are medium-sized, with a rounded, medium-spreading, well-leafed crown, of medium density.
It begins bearing fruit in the 3rd year after grafting. The annual yield is good; at the age of full harvests it gives the front 16-18 kg per tree, and from individual trees - up to 26-30 kg.
The winter hardiness of the variety is insufficient - in more severe winters frost damage to the branches is observed, as well as “burns” on the bark of the trunks. Flowering is mid-early.
The fruits are large, weighing 4 g, flat-round or onion-shaped, dark red, almost black, shiny, beautiful, one-dimensional in size and shape. The pulp is dark red, with dark juice, medium-dense, sweet, with slight acidity, excellent taste. The stone is medium, almost round, weighing 0.27 g.
Fruit ripening is mid-early: the beginning of ripening is in the first ten days of July, mass harvesting is in mid-July.
The shelf life of fresh fruits is about ten days. The best dessert variety, also suitable for technical processing.
You need to plant in more protected places. Suitable for production testing and in home gardens.
Cherry variety “Novella” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Novella” in the photo
Novella. The tree is medium-sized, with a wide-pyramidal crown, winter-hardy. The variety is early fruiting. Productivity is high, annual. Fruiting occurs both on one-year-old wood and on two-year-old wood, which is different from both parents.
The fruits are medium-sized, average weight 3.2 g, dark red, glossy, flat-round in shape. The pulp is pink-red, juicy, soft, with red juice, sweet and sour, good taste, dessert quality. The stone is small - 0.21 g in weight, lagging behind the pulp.
Ripening - in the first half of July.
Consumption - fresh and for technical processing. Zoned in the Volga region.
Cherry variety “Flora” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Flora” in the photo
Flora. The tree is medium-sized, with an oval-rounded, medium-spreading crown. Winter-hardy. Productivity is high, annual. Fruit bears on one- and two-year-old wood.
The fruits are medium, weight 3 g, flat-round, dark red, glossy. The pulp is pink-red, juicy, soft, with red juice, sweet, slightly acidic, excellent taste. The stone is medium, weight - 0.25 g, lagging behind the pulp.
Ripening is in the first ten days of July.
Consumption - fresh and for home processing. Zoned in the Volga region of central Russia.
Cherry variety “Victory” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Victory” in the photo
Victory. The tree is medium-sized, with a rounded, medium-spreading crown. Winter hardiness is high. The variety is early-bearing - begins to bear fruit in the 2-3rd year after grafting, with a rapid increase in yields. The productivity is high, annual: the first fruiting of a seedling (mother tree) in the 5th year was 0.5, the second - 1.5, the third - 3 and the fourth - 5.8 kg.
The fruits are medium-sized, weighing about 3 g, round-conical, dark burgundy-red, shiny. This is one of the most delicious varieties of cherries with juicy, medium-dense, pink-red pulp, with thick dark red juice. Sweet, with slight acidity, dessert quality. The stone is small - 0.18 - 0.20 g, lagging behind the pulp.
Fruit ripening occurs in mid-July.
Mainly a dessert variety. It can also be used for technical processing. Recommended for testing in all middle zones.
Cherry variety “Dawn of the Volga region” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Dawn of the Volga region” in the photo
Dawn of the Volga region. A tree of medium vigor, with an oval-rounded, medium-spreading crown. The variety is winter-hardy. The yield is high, with a rapid increase over the years: in the first fruiting in the 5th year of sowing it gave 0.3 kg, in the second year - 1 kg, in the third fruiting - 1.9 kg, in the fourth - 6.5 kg, in the 10th m year (7th fruiting) - about 12 kg per tree.
The fruits are large, with an average weight of 4.5 - 5 g, flat-round, light pink, similar to the Beauty of the North. This is very delicious variety cherries with juicy, soft, light pulp with a sweet and sour taste. The stone is medium, weighing 0.25 g, lagging behind the pulp.
Fruit ripening is early - late June - first ten days of July.
The main purpose of the variety is dessert.
Cherry variety “Amorel pink” in the photo 
Cherry berry “Amorel pink” in the photo
Amorel rosea (Amorel early, Amorel). The variety is not very widespread. Trees of medium development, with a rounded, medium-spreading crown. In the conditions of the region, the variety is medium-winter-hardy, productive and early-fruiting, with early fruit ripening. It begins to bear fruit from the 3rd year. At the age of 10-18 years it produces a harvest of 8 to 20 kg of fruit per tree. The fruits stay firmly on the tree and when picked, the seeds often remain on the petiole, so when first picked they are cut off with scissors.
The fruits are large, their average weight is 3.5 g, flat-round, bright red, with light pulp and juice with a good, sweet and sour taste. The stone is medium, round, weight 0.24 g. Transportability is low.
Consumption - mainly fresh.
Look at a selection of photos of the best varieties of cherries for growing in your garden:
Cherry variety "Flora" for growing on a personal plot (photo) 
Cherry variety "Novella" for growing on a personal plot (photo)
Bush or steppe cherry (lat. C. fruticosa) - low growing shrub, height from 50 cm to 2 meters, having a spherical or irregular shape and numerous root shoots. Characterized by high resistance to drought and frost. But, despite its unpretentiousness, the plant needs regular care and fertilizer.
Steppe cherry is one of the most frost-resistant species, which can withstand air temperatures down to -45°C. Therefore, it can be planted in different climatic zones, for example, in regions with harsh winters - in the Urals or in Siberia, where ordinary varieties cannot grow and bear fruit.
Breeders have developed many varieties of bush cherries and their hybrids with common cherries. The most popular are: Altaiskaya large, Zhukovskaya, Shchedraya, Maksimovskaya, Metelitsa, Vuzovskaya, Shokoladnitsa.
It is distinguished by high quality berries and resistance to diseases (coccomycosis, ring spot). Has the ability to self-pollinate. The fruits are of universal purpose, quite large (4-7 g), dark red in color with a pleasant sweet and sour taste.
The bush begins to bear fruit 4 years after planting. Peak yield occurs in 15-20 years (up to 25 kg of berries per crop). Suitable for growing in the north and south of the country, as it is characterized by average winter hardiness.
Refers to late ripening varieties. Fruiting begins in the third year after planting. The yield is high: 13-17 kg of berries are collected from one tree. The fruits are round, crimson, weighing 4-5 grams. The pulp is quite dense and juicy, sweet in taste with barely noticeable sourness. Shchedraya bush cherry tolerates low temperatures well, but its resistance to diseases is average. Prefers to grow on slightly acidic loamy soil.
So that bush cherries give bountiful harvests- it is necessary to create the most favorable conditions for its growth and development.
The most important thing when planting is to choose a well-lit, flat area for the seedlings. So that in case snowy winter or a rainy summer, an excess of moisture could not cause damage to the roots of the tree, as well as lead to the appearance of pests and pathogens.
The plant prefers soil with neutral acidity, for example, light or medium sandy loam is perfect. Planting of seedlings is carried out in early spring, after the snow has completely melted and dry, warm weather has established.
The best fertilizer for cherries it is humus. It is applied during planting: 4-5 kg into each hole, and then the cycle is repeated several years later at the rate of 40-60 t/ha.
During the vegetative period, namely in the first 2-3 years of life, cherries need nitrogenous nutrition. Most often used for feeding ammonium nitrate(20-25 g per 1 m2). After 3-4 years (in autumn), additional phosphate and potassium fertilizers begin to be applied: superphosphate - 70 g per 1 m2 of area, potassium salt - 30-40 g per m2, you can also sprinkle the area of the cherry orchard with buckwheat ash - 300-400 g per 1 m 2.
Despite the fact that steppe cherry is not a moisture-loving crop, watering should still be carried out 2-3 times per season: during flowering and fruiting. It is most rational to combine it with fertilizer.
Since bush cherries bear fruit on annual branches, pruning should be carried out regularly and in a timely manner, otherwise the crop’s yield will be significantly reduced and the berries will be shredded.
Thin out the tree in the spring:
During the flowering period, cherry bushes are treated to prevent fungal and bacterial diseases with the following preparations: urea (diluted in a proportion of 700 g per 10 liters of water), copper sulfate(300 g per 10 l).
Complex protection products Agravertin, Fitoverm, Zircon, Ecoberin, Fitosporin are considered no less effective. To prepare the latter, it is enough to dissolve 200 g of powder in 400 g of water (1:2), and then dilute 1 tbsp. l of solution in 10 l of water. After flowering, the bushes are treated again 2-3 times every 7-10 days.
Bush cherry - unpretentious plant. But in order to annually obtain a high-quality harvest, it is necessary to regularly carry out a set of measures to care for, pruning and protecting trees from pests and diseases.
