In order to determine what size baths are needed, you need to remember several important points: about the design and construction technology, the number of rooms in the bathhouse and the potential number of people wishing to visit this bathhouse.
Most often when constructing a bathhouse the following are used:
Despite the significant difference in construction technology from these materials, they have virtually no effect on the size of the bathhouse. Much more important is the number of rooms and visitors to the bathhouse.
A Russian bathhouse, if you follow the canons, should consist of three rooms:
If the bathhouse is located in a separate room, a fourth element is almost always added - a dressing room designed to cut off bath rooms wind and frost, as well as for drying and storing brooms and storing firewood. The locker room, as a rule, also serves as a rest room. In addition, sometimes they combine a washing room and a steam room, although experts do not admit this, reasonably believing that soap is fatal to steam.
The next important issue that needs to be resolved in order to determine the optimal size of the bathhouse is the number of visitors. Three options are usually considered:
Typically, such a bathhouse is located in an extension and does not require a dressing room. The area is determined to be minimal, but taking into account that amenities are maintained. Otherwise, visiting the bathhouse will lead to discomfort instead of pleasure.
The minimum width of the changing room must be at least 1 meter, and the total area must be at least 1.3 sq.m. It is quite enough to make the shower even smaller - 1 sq.m. The steam room should, in addition to space for a person (1 sq.m. if you steam only while sitting, and 1.5 sq.m. if standing), also provide space for a stove.
Thus, the total area of the bathhouse per person should be approximately 4.5-6 sq.m.
For a small family, a bathhouse requires either a larger extension or a standard log house of 5 * 5 m. The following proportions of bathhouse premises are considered standard: 2 * 1.5 * 1, respectively, dressing room, washing room and steam room.
The following requirements must also be taken into account:
The ratios of the areas of the premises change somewhat in the direction of increasing the locker room (in in this case turning into a relaxation room) and a steam room. However, it should be borne in mind that you should also not make the steam room too large - since then it will be difficult to heat it properly, and even more difficult to maintain the required temperature.
The optimal size of the dressing room ranges from 1.2 * 2.5 to 1.8 * 3.5 m. Since the room is not intended to be in it for a long time, large sizes are not required. They are quite sufficient for both a small family and a fairly large company. It makes sense to enlarge the dressing room only if there is a clear surplus of space, or to use it as a warehouse.
The largest room in almost any bathhouse. Even for a bathhouse with the smallest size, this room occupies about half of the entire area. As a last resort, if the bathhouse is very small, the locker room is combined with the dressing room. In this case, the area of the rest room can reach 2/3 total area baths
As is the case with other rooms, the specific dimensions of the washing room depend, first of all, on the size of the bathhouse. Typically it occupies about a third of the total area. The minimum dimensions for 3-4 people are 2*2.1 m, with a shower compartment 2.5*3 m. If a swimming pool is planned, the share of the washing compartment is accordingly increased by its area with approaches to it.
The type of stove used plays a big role in determining the optimal size of the steam room. The most massive brick kilns do not need additional insulation from the walls, while metal ones should be installed no closer than one meter from the walls. The minimum size of a steam room for 3-4 people is 1.5 * 2 m. This is quite enough to steam both standing and lying down. Optimal sizes steam rooms for 5-6 people or more should be slightly larger and amount to 2.5 * 2.5 m with a height of 2.1 m.
There is no point in dwelling in detail on small 10-12 meter extensions to the house and their layout - the main thing for it is to fit everything in, and the minimum required dimensions are indicated. Much more interesting are the possible layouts of premises with an area of 25 sq.m. (standard log house 5*5) and higher. Below are some of them.
The layout allows you to accommodate all 4 types of premises: a hall (dressing room), a relaxation room, a shower room and a steam room, the ratio of the areas of which is respectively 0.5 * 2.35 * 1.25 * 1, which is quite close to the recommended ones. In addition, the available area is enough to build a small veranda.
Layout features: the terrace plays the role of a dressing room; there is a toilet in the rest room, due to which the share of urine is slightly lower than usual; For convenience, there is a small storage area for firewood. The ratio of the areas of the premises is almost 2.3 * 1 * 1, respectively, a relaxation room, a washing room and a steam room.
An even more spacious layout, in which almost all areas are increased. The steam room reaches a size of 7.3 sq.m., which is close to the maximum without loss of efficiency. The ratio of the areas of the main premises is 2.5 * 1.1 * 1. Such dimensions will allow a large group of steam lovers to spend time with pleasure.
The presence of an attic transforms small sauna into a fairly comfortable place of leisure, since the area of the rest room increases several times. The presence of a terrace makes the project even more interesting. The ratio of areas on the 1st floor is as follows: locker room (combined with a dressing room)/washing room/steam room, respectively: 1 * 1.6 * 6.
The Russian bathhouse is not only a place where you can wash yourself. For many it is best vacation After everyday work, you can relax and chat here. About the benefits bath procedures everyone knows from childhood, Scientific research Their positive effects on the body as a whole, as well as their benefits for the prevention of various diseases, have long been proven. Nowadays, many people build bathhouses on their own, and not only in villages. But many who are starting to build a bathhouse for the first time, especially young people, do not know where to start.
Let's consider the basic rules of construction and the standard size of a bathhouse, starting with the choice of site.
It is believed that the best place to build a bathhouse will be the bank of a river, lake or pond. But to prevent troubles during the spring flood, you should not place the bathhouse closer than 15 meters from the water shore, and it should be located so that dirty water did not flow into the pond.
Choose a site that is located on a slight hill. Thanks to this, you do not have to drain the water; the water will drain on its own. For example, you can place it on a hill or steep slope, in the form of a dugout with a terrace or veranda, which will become a place of relaxation, a natural solarium and a playground for children. And do not forget about modesty, it is better that the bathhouse is fenced off from prying eyes big trees or decorative hedge.
If you are a fan of a “black-style” bathhouse, you must take into account that the distance from it to other buildings should be at least 12 meters. And if you decide to build a bathhouse in a residential area, preference should be given to a sauna, in which, under the influence of high temperatures, the wood will dry out and will not rot.
So, we have chosen a site, now we need to figure out how to install a bathhouse. Where to install the door, what dimensions should be made for the doors in the bathhouse, where will the windows go? If there is a terrace, it is better to make the entrance on the south side, it is warmer. And in winter, with this arrangement, there will be fewer snowdrifts and they will melt faster in the spring. And the windows are positioned so that the setting sun shines in, because the bathhouse is often heated in the late afternoon. You also need to take into account the slope of the slanting rains - if it is not possible to make an entrance from the opposite side, then it is more advisable to rebuild the vestibule to protect the door from getting wet.
A standard bathhouse is divided into a steam room, a washing room and a dressing room; their ratio should be 1:1.5:2.
The smallest one is a warm “wardrobe” that can accommodate no more than two people in a sitting position. Such saunas are heated by an electric stove and can even be built into the bathroom of a standard city apartment. The minimum parameters of a standard bathhouse for one family are 1.8:2 meters; it must accommodate at least one bench where a person can sit in a lying position. In a bathhouse with parameters 2.5:2.4, to save space, benches are made in the shape of the letter L, and in even larger ones, a parallel or U-shaped bench is made.
The height should also be minimal, because the larger the parameters of the room, the more fuel is needed to heat it. If we take into account that the upper tier of a stone stove is at a height of approximately 1 meter from the floor, and the upper shelf is made equal to it, it means that for the convenience of a person steaming while sitting, the ceiling height should be at least 2.1 meters.
And if you like to go to the bathhouse big company, the steam room and the washing room must be separated, and the size of the bath must be at least 12 square meters. meters.
The steam room is the main room; not a single Russian bathhouse can do without it. The size of the steam room can be any; it depends on what kind of stove you choose and how many people will wash at the same time, and on how you prefer to steam, lying down or sitting. Usually 1.5 sq. m. is taken per person. meters.
The basis of the steam room is a shelf or bench; its size depends on your preferences and the area of the bath. If you prefer to steam while sitting, then the width should vary between 40-45 cm, while lying down - at least 95 cm.
To heat the steam room, stone stoves or electric heaters are used. The main advantage of air heaters is that they warm up the steam room faster and more strongly and subsequently the temperature can be adjusted. But they hardly support desired temperature and humidity.
The washing room is the actual room where we wash. There are tanks with cold and hot water, benches for sitting, possibly a shower or a small plunge pool. The size of the washing room is calculated based on the parameters - at least 1 square. meters per person.
The direct purpose of this room is a locker room in front of the entrance to the washing room or steam room. But these days, when the bathhouse is used not only for washing, it has turned into a relaxation room. Ideally, this should be a separate room. Here visitors to the bathhouse will be able to undress, relax after the steam room, dry off after washing, and generally get themselves in order. For convenience, you can place benches, chairs in the dressing room, hang a mirror, place hangers for clothes and towels, or even put a small pool to alternate between hot and cold treatments. Massage lovers can install a special lounger. Also in the dressing room you need to allocate a corner for buckets of water, coal or firewood and for other necessary utensils.
The arrangement of the dressing room depends on its size and your preferences. If the size of the dressing room can be replaced by large hallway with a hanger and In large baths they make a separate dressing room and rest room, and if you use the bath only in warm time years, it can generally be replaced with a terrace.
The dimensions should be small, and the doors themselves should be single-leaf, this will allow them to retain heat longer. Their width should not exceed 0.7 m and height 1.7 m.
If you decide on your own, you need to think carefully: choose appropriate place, decide what size the bathhouse will be, how many rooms it will consist of, decide on the material from which you will build it. Especially if you are going to do everything from the drawings yourself.
For example, if you build from logs, you need to remember that they are usually made about 4.5 meters long, and timber - 5.5 meters. You can also use it to build a bathhouse. building blocks. There are no restrictions when using them; it all depends on the plan of your future bathhouse.
Approach the construction of a bathhouse with all responsibility and then everything will definitely work out for you.
Nowadays 4 by 4 meter baths are very popular - they are wonderful, small a budget option.
The layout can be in two building options: one-story and mansard type.
Classic arrangement of premises: in one-story bathhouse The rest room and locker room are combined. Dimensions 2 by 4 meters. If the bathhouse is of an attic type, only a locker room can be located in such a room, because the main part is occupied. Next there is a washing compartment and a steam room, the size of which is 2 by 2 meters. In a 4 by 4 meter bathhouse, it is recommended to install a small metal stove, since a large stove-stove takes up a lot of space and it will not be possible to separate the steam room and the washing room. The front part of the stove with the firebox is led out into the rest room, and the stove itself is installed in the steam room. If desired, you can add a terrace and refurbish attic space V summer room recreation.
The construction of a bathhouse begins with a project, determining the size and configuration of the room. What should the steam room compartment be like? Do you need a rest room and dressing room? Which minimum height ceilings? In this article we will tell you what to consider when planning and make an approximate calculation of the size of a bathhouse for 2-4 people.2. How do you like to steam?
There are several options for location in the steam room, here are the most common:
4. How long does it take you to wash?
5. Do you like to sit longer in the bathhouse? A small room warms up faster and cools down more slowly; if you are not going to receive guests, then the smaller the steam room compartment, the better (but not less than 2.5x2.5x2.5 m)
6. Are additional premises needed?
The bathhouse consists of a steam room, a wash room, and a relaxation room. Do not sacrifice the relaxation room in favor of the steam room and vice versa, you need all three types of premises - believe our experience, you will regret not doing so.
7. What attributes will be in the premises?
Before calling a contractor or starting to build a bathhouse with your own hands, draw up a project. By hand, in specialized programs (SketchUp works well) - all the same, the main thing is to arrange “on shelves” everything that you want to see in the bathhouse: shelves, stove, headrests, shower, buckets, water taps, table, clothes hanger, etc. . Some people need to fit a table for 7 people in the recreation room, while for others a small bench for lying down is enough. The size greatly depends on what you want to see in the bathhouse.
Optimal dimensions for a small family bath.
Let's say you have a small family bathhouse for 2 or 4 family members. Do you need a steam room that can accommodate up to 4 people at the same time? small room relaxation area with a table and a washroom for the same number of people. Let's estimate the optimal height and width of the room.
So let’s summarize what a standard bathhouse for 2-4 people should be like:
Steam room: height: 2.5-2.7 m; width: 3.5x3.5 m
Washing room: height: 2.5 - 2.7 meters; width: 3.5x3.5 or 4.5-4.5 m
Rest room: height: 2.5 - 2.7 meters; width: 4.5-4.5 m
The entire bathhouse room must occupy at least 44 m2
Many people puzzle themselves with the question of what size a steam room should be. From time immemorial, a real Russian bathhouse was spacious, as the whole large family took a steam bath. People believed that it was better to heat the stove well once and take a steam bath for everyone at once, than to stretch it out two or three times. But many modern baths They have very small steam rooms - for 2-3 people. So what should be the optimal dimensions of the steam room and shelves? The fact is that there are certain standards of both sanitation and fire safety, according to which all dimensions must be calculated.
Even the smallest and budget sauna has two rooms: a dressing room and a steam room. But the main element of any bathhouse is the steam room. Therefore, its dimensions need to be calculated so that during your stay in the steam room you get the maximum healing effect and relax comfortably. When calculating, you need to take into account the area of the stove; as a rule, it occupies at least one square meter.
To maximize space optimization, it is recommended to increase the canopy area and reduce the floor. The empty space under the shelves just needs to be closed to reduce the volume of the room. This significantly reduces the time it takes to warm up the room and saves fuel.
Of course, everything is individual and sizes need to be calculated based on many given parameters, For example:
Depending on what will be done on the shelves, their length also differs:
If the steam room has three shelves, then the lowest one should be narrow. Children are often placed on it or bath accessories are laid out. The distance between the top shelf and the ceiling should be at least a meter so that when getting up from it you do not hit your head. There must be gaps of at least 0.3 cm between the boards from which the shelves are made so that air can circulate freely.
When drawing up a plan for a future bathhouse during its construction, it is necessary to determine the optimal dimensions of the steam room, on which not only a comfortable stay depends, but also the safety of the people there.
The steam room is the main room in the bathhouse, so its length and width, ceiling height, and shelf sizes must be selected correctly. The dimensions of the steam room depend on the type of bathhouse being built: a budget option, as a rule, combines a washing room and a steam room, while in a more comfortable one, these rooms are separated. Accordingly, their standard sizes steam rooms will vary.
The optimal size of the steam room depends on several factors:
The height of the steam room is the most important parameter, which needs to be decided. The quality of steam depends on this parameter. The steam room should not be too low so that it has a sufficient volume of stable steam. In the steam room with too much high ceiling steam will be wasted irrationally, so the recommended ceiling height is from 2.2 m to 2.4 m. In this case, you should focus on the height of the tallest family member, because with a height below 2.1 m, people with above average height will find it uncomfortable to be in in the steam room, besides, there will not be enough fresh air, and the steam will quickly evaporate. But, if you make the ceiling 2.5 m high, then the fuel consumption and time for lighting the heater will increase, because the volume of the steam room will increase by about 0.5 m3. At the same time, the entire volume of useful hot steam will accumulate not where those steaming are located, but right under the ceiling. The height of the steam room door should be standard (65-70 cm by 170-180 cm), always with a high threshold to reduce the access of cold air from outside.
The size of the steam room should be determined at the planning stage, along with the size of the bath itself. At the same time, the dimensions of the steam room should not be too large, otherwise it will take a lot of fuel and time to warm up the air. To correctly calculate the optimal length and width of the steam room, you need to decide on its type:
It can be presented in two options: for one person with a seat and with a full shelf. In the first case, the steam room may not have a window; it has a single-tier small shelf and a heater. This perfect option for saunas located directly in the house, for Finnish saunas. The optimal size in this case is 1150-1200 mm along the wall with a heater, and 840-850 mm along the wall with a shelf.
Steam room for one or two people
If a bathhouse for one person includes a lying shelf, the length of the walls can be 1800 mm and the width – 1050-1100 mm. A single-tier bed should be equipped with a step to use it as a seat if necessary.
The size of a steam room for two or three people depends on how it will be arranged - square or rectangular. The length of the walls of a square steam room must be at least 1150 mm. This shape allows you to place the entrance in the corner, the heater next to it, and in the remaining two adjacent walls you can place corner shelves with accommodation for two to three people. If the steam room is rectangular in shape, the size long wall can be 1450-1500 mm, short - 1300 mm. This is a common option, especially for small baths, when a pair of sitting loungers are used, located in two tiers or in a corner manner.
A steam room for 4 or more people provides a long wall size of 1800-2000 mm, a short one - 1400-1500 mm with rectangular shape. Along the long side there are usually two-tier or three-tier shelves on which you can sit and lie. For large sauna for four, the optimal size is 2500 mm by 2000 mm, without taking into account the dimensions of the heater and the area it occupies.
Correct steam room size
The size of the beds should be comfortable for a person, both in length and width. The height of the shelves and the distance between them and the ceiling are also important.
Dimensions of shelves in the steam room
The width of a regular sitting shelf should be 40 cm with a length according to the size of the room. In order to sit on the shelf with your feet up, its size must be 90 cm in width. The length of the bed varies depending on whether you lie on it at full height or with bent legs: in the first case, you can make it 150 cm long, in the second - at least 180 cm, taking into account the possibility of equipping it with a headrest.
If the steam room is equipped with a three-tier bed, the bottom step should be the narrowest, and the top should be the widest. In this case, the width of the bottom one should be 40 cm, the width of the other two should be between 60 and 90 cm. Three-tier, as well as two-tier shelves, can be located in the form of a corner structure, along one wall or opposite each other. The distance between the top couch and the ceiling should be at least 1 m so that you can safely get up from it. The distance between adjacent shelves should be kept within 30-40 cm. Gaps of 3-4 mm should be left between the slats of the shelves for free air circulation, as well as quick drying after bath procedures.
If the washing room and steam room in the bathhouse are separate rooms, in relation to the locker room they should have a ratio of 1.5 x 1 x 2 m.
In order for the floor in the bath to heat up faster and maintain steam for a long time, it needs to be made 5 cm higher than the heater and 20 cm higher than the sink.
To make it easier for older people to take bath procedures, it is recommended to install a special shelf for them, at least 50 cm wide and 180-200 cm long.
There should be 1 m2 per person washing in the steam room usable area, from which 1m2 of the area of the heater is subtracted, including the small space around it.
If the steam room is equipped with a window, then its dimensions should not exceed 50 cm in length and width, so as not to let out a large number of hot air.
Optimal dimensions of a steam room in a bathhouse
The main rule when choosing a heater stove is one: the sauna stove must have OPTIMUM power! The heater can have any design, any size, it can be electric, wood-burning or gas, it can be cheap or expensive, simple or exclusive, it can be absolutely anything according to all criteria except one - it must be installed correctly and in terms of power it must exactly match your steam room.
The power of the heater should be optimal, no more, no less. The issue of heater power can be neglected only in one case: if you have built a hammam, where there is no sauna stove in the usual sense.
If the power of the heater is not selected correctly, this will inevitably lead to certain troubles.
Some people choose a sauna stove with a large power reserve so that the steam room heats up faster. Yes, the steam room in this case will actually heat up faster, but this is only First stage, and then the oven will operate at minimum.
As a result you will get hot air, but cold stones, on which it is useless to pour water - they will not produce steam, and if there is steam, it will be clouds of white steam, like over a kettle, and not the light transparent steam that you were counting on when building a bathhouse with your own hands or ordering its construction “under key".
Lack of power
The other extreme is to buy a minimum power sauna stove in order to simply save money. Even if such a stove can heat the steam room to the required temperature, Working at the limit, the heater will quickly fail.
Now the next question: what is optimal power? All manufacturers indicate for each model not only the power in kilowatts, but also the recommended steam room volume. We will not delve into the intricacies of calculating thermal power, but Let's take another parameter as a basis - the cubic capacity of the steam room. It’s easier and more understandable to count this way.
Determining the cubic capacity of the steam room
In principle, the cubic capacity of the steam room can be determined from the design of the bathhouse - all sizes are there.
If there is no project, then you will have to work with a tape measure.
It would seem that we have already received the same cubic capacity of the steam room by which we will choose a stove for the bath. But that's not true. There are a number of other nuances that must be taken into account.
We make the necessary adjustments
The actual cubic capacity of the steam room is not yet the data on which you should rely when choosing the power of the sauna stove. This is just a theory, but there is also individual characteristics steam room of a particular bathhouse, and these features also influence the choice of the required power of the sauna stove.
Now we know the volume for which the bathhouse stove we need should be designed.
When choosing a specific model the volume obtained should be in the middle of the limit values. For example, we got 20 cubic meters, which means we don’t need a stove for a bathhouse with a cubic capacity of 12-20, but one that says 15-25 cubic meters.
And don't forget about the stones!
So that the heater gives that one thermal power, for which it is designed, you need to load exactly as many stones into it as the manufacturer recommended.
This parameter is also indicated for each model.
When building a bathhouse, many owners strictly adhere to all requirements for the configuration and size of the future structure.
The optimal size of the bathhouse ultimately determines the quality of health procedures.
What should be the optimal dimensions of the steam room and shelves? What ceiling height is important to observe when designing a bathhouse?
A classic Russian bath consists of a steam room, a washing room, a dressing room and other utility rooms. An electric or wood-burning heater is used as the main heating.
The minimum dimensions of a bathhouse designed for 2–3 people are 1.9 x 2.1 meters. It is equipped with one large bench for performing procedures in a sitting or lying position.
The average sauna has following parameters– 2.6x2.5 meters. For ergonomic use of free space, benches are placed in G or U-shape around the entire perimeter.
It is important to maintain the optimal ceiling height; the lower it is, the lower the fuel consumption for heating the room.
As a rule, the rest bench is placed at the level of the top of the firebox - 100 cm, therefore, for maximum comfort of vacationers, optimal height The ceiling must be at least 2.4 meters. The height of the bath is determined technological features project and the general dimensions of the future building.
The central room of the bathhouse is the steam room. Its dimensions are determined by the capacity and features of the health procedures - lying or sitting. When calculating the area of the steam room, it is worth taking into account the dimensions of the heater; it often takes up to 1 sq.m. area.
The minimum dimensions of the room are calculated based on the useful square footage intended for 1 visitor - 1.5 sq.m. Thus, for a company of 3 people, the steam room should have at least 5 sq.m. area. The optimal size of the steam room is determined taking into account the height of the tallest visitor - for example, 190 cm.
Main functional element The steam room is a bench, the dimensions of which depend on the area of the room and the personal preferences of the vacationers. For sitting procedures, the width of the bench is at least 45 cm, while lying down – up to 95 cm.
The optimal size of a steam room for a company of 3–4 people is 5–6 sq.m. It is allowed to increase the usable area, but in no case should it be reduced.
Experts recommend installing electric heaters in small steam rooms, and wood-burning heaters in large rooms. metal stoves. This will ensure maximum intensity of thermal radiation at minimum costs for electricity and fossil fuels.
The optimal dimensions of benches installed in steam rooms are determined by the functional features of their use:
If there are up to three benches in the steam room, then the lowest of them should have minimum width. It is intended for children or laying out accessories and supplies for procedures.
The optimal distance between the upper bench and the ceiling does not exceed 1 meter.
Between individual wooden elements, from which the benches are made, there must be small gaps of 0.35 cm for mandatory air convection.
Washing room is a room intended for carrying out ablution procedures. There are open tanks with hot and cold water, benches for sitting, showers and a cooling font.
The dimensions of the washing room are determined as follows - 1 sq.m. per visitor.
For a company of 4 people, a room with an area of 2x2.5 meters is suitable. For two people, a washing area of 1.7x1.4 meters is sufficient.
The dressing room is a special locker room, which is located directly in front of the steam room or washing room. Some projects involve combining a dressing room with a rest room.
In the dressing room, visitors undress and prepare for basic procedures, and also rest after washing.
Most dressing rooms contain benches, chairs, mirrors and clothes hangers. Some are equipped with compact pools for thermal treatments. For massage lovers, a special trestle bed can be installed. There are also all kinds of utensils for health procedures - buckets, ladles, fuel for heaters.
In an average bathhouse, the dressing room has the following dimensions - 20 sq.m., in small buildings - up to 6 sq.m.
For a company of 4 people, a rest room of 8 sq.m. is enough. It can easily fit a compact table, chairs and even folding sofa. Additionally, you can equip a place for holding a tea ceremony. For companies for 6–10 people, it is better to provide a room up to 15 sq.m.
The size of the doors is not an unimportant parameter when arranging such a structure. The recommended dimensions of doors with one leaf are as follows: width – 75 cm, height – 175 cm.
Small and compact steam rooms do not have a window to prevent possible heat loss.
This arrangement promotes proper accumulation of steam under the ceiling and prevents it from mixing with cooled air above the floor level.
When designing a bath Special attention should be addressed correct lighting steam rooms Lamps should not be overly bright so as not to tire the eyes. It is recommended to select devices intended for use in areas with high humidity and temperature changes.
Thus, the most suitable dimensions of the steam room and washing room can be selected, taking into account the maximum number of visitors, their gender and age, as well as performance characteristics heating equipment.
Optimal bath sizes: width and height of an ideal steam room
Calculation of the power of a sauna stove depending on the volume of the steam room
You need to choose a sauna stove optimal power based on the volume of your steam room.
You can’t make a mistake in choosing the power of a sauna stove, because then good couple will not happen: neither in the case when the power is insufficient, nor in the case when the furnace power is more than required.
If you put a small stove in a bathhouse with insufficient power for the given volume of the steam room, then it will have to be operated beyond its capabilities, which will lead to rapid wear and tear of the stove.
If you buy a stove with a reserve for the reason that there is never too much power reserve, then yes, indeed, the sauna will heat up quickly and hotly! But in order to steam in comfortable conditions, you will have to artificially reduce its capabilities when steaming and ventilate the steam room after each session. As a result, balanced steam cannot be obtained due to the fact that the stones in the heater will not be so hot. And, if you maintain the required temperature of the stones (at least 500 degrees C), it will be too hot on the shelf and even in the lower zone, near the floor.
Calculation of the power of a sauna stove should be done in the following sequence:
The data for calculating the furnace power for each specific bath may differ in its characteristics due to the application various materials and the structures of the building itself, or some additional factors, for example, the presence supply ventilation and so on.
Since in a Russian bath, steam is formed as a result of splashing water on hot stones, when choosing a sauna stove, it is necessary to look not only at its rated power, but also at the volume (weight) of stones that can be placed in this stove.
Different sources recommend different numbers of stones per 1 m3 of steam room when 15 people are steaming at the same time for 5 hours. Let's take a minimum: 30kg. Therefore, for our example we will need 30 kg * 24.85 m3 = 745.5 kg If the steam room is calculated not for 15, but for 5 people, then, accordingly, you need to reduce the volume of stones by 3 times: 745.5 kg/3 = 248.5 kg . Something is too much for a stove with a power of 25 kW and a weight of no more than 200 kg (cast iron).... And what size should a metal stove be in order to fit so many stones into it?
Another “ancient” book recommends 8 kg of cobblestones for every 6 liters of supplied water and 1.5 kg for 1 m3 of steam room volume. Every hour 5 people are poured on the stones hot water no more than 4 liters, so during 5 hours of continuous vaping they will spend 20 liters (which is unlikely). Still, let’s reduce the amount of water by 30%, taking into account pauses for ventilation and rest. It turns out that you only need 18.7 kg. Let's also calculate the number of stones for the bath, taking into account the volume of the steam room: 1.5 kg * 24.85 m3 = 37.5 kg. We sum everything up and get: 37.5 kg + 18.7 kg = 53.2 kg of cobblestones. This is already an acceptable figure for an ordinary simple bath.
You can make a more complex calculation of stones for a bath, determining the required amount of heat by evaporation and heating...
But. The purpose of this article is to determine required power sauna stoves. Therefore, let’s estimate how many kW is needed to heat 53.2 kg of stones for 15 minutes (the approximate time allotted for a pause between steaming) to a temperature of 500 degrees:
Conclusion: a furnace power of 20 kW will provide heating to 500 degrees 53.2 kg of stones every 15 minutes. Let's add another 5 kW to the calculation of the power of the sauna stove to take into account heat loss through structures and cold surfaces.
So, for a steam room measuring 3x2x2.2 m, you need a 25 kW stove, based on two different calculations:
With a lower consumption of supplied water, for example, when not five people are steaming, but two, for not five hours, but only a couple or three, you can choose a stove with a lower power (20 kW).
What should be the comfortable size of a steam room?
Optimal steam room size
The size of the steam room will depend primarily on your personal preferences, and then on the size and design of the shelves. In addition, the size of the bath will be affected by the power of the stove, since sitting too close to it is not very pleasant. The size of the oven is also important. However, if there is a shortage of space, you can use a mineralite screen, which will allow you to be even at a distance of 15-20 cm from the stove and not feel discomfort. And all thanks to the fact that this material does not heat up to more than 100-150 ° C.
But before buying a stove, you should pay attention to the functions that the steam room will perform. If we talk about approximate dimensions, then the ceiling height of the room should be about 2.2-2.4 m. But the width should be calculated depending on the expected number of seats in the steam room. It is better to make it in the form of a rectangle rather than a square.
Simple rural or country baths consist of a steam bath and a dressing room. The stove is usually installed in a steam room, while the dressing room is heated by heat that passes through the adjacent wall when open doors to the steam room. Often, another stove is placed in the dressing room for heating, usually a metal one - a “potbelly stove”.
To allow you to steam while lying down, shelves are installed in the steam room. The structure of the shelf should be such that, if desired, one could sit on it. Thus, the ceiling height must ensure comfortable placement of people on the shelf.
More comfortable baths are built in such a way that several people can use them at the same time. Baths for the whole family usually consist of a steam room, a dressing room, that is, a dressing room, and a hallway. The dimensions of the steam room should be such that the room has shelves, retractable benches, a water tank, and a stove. It is necessary that the width of the shelves be at least a meter. The distance from the shelf to the stove is also at least a meter. From the stove to the wall - about 50 cm. There should be free space in the room so that a person can feel comfortable being here. In addition, it is necessary to allocate space for basins and buckets. Several shelves should be placed on the wall to place shampoos, washcloths and other accessories.
Advice from the master!
The optimal calculation is not difficult to carry out. In order to better imagine what dimensions the steam room should have, you can make a drawing on a sheet of paper using a scale. Place the necessary items on the steam room drawing and see how comfortable the room is.
If we look at history, we can see that the optimal size of a bathhouse in Ancient Rus' was big enough. After all, back then it was customary to steam for 4 and more people. Old Russian families were very numerous, so the baths were built so that everyone would be comfortable. Sometimes it was necessary to light the stove several times. Of course the sizes modern apartments impose significant restrictions on installation large baths. If the company consists of more than 4 people, you can use the steam room at the health complex, where there is plenty of space. For arrangement personal bath It’s better to limit yourself to small dimensions.
The steam room must be maintained heat. Therefore, the distance of the shelf from the stove must be calculated. In a Russian bath, minimal heating is most often sufficient, such that the temperature is comfortable for the body. Staying in a sauna for a person is usually associated with stronger heating.
If you take the minimum size of the steam room, then you need to remember the possible dangers. IN small room the visitor may overheat. The human body heats up not only from the heat of a red-hot stove, but also from hot air. Therefore, if the bath is too small, a person may even get burns. Excessively large sizes can cause the oven to overheat, causing the air to be too hot. And this cannot be beneficial for human health. The dimensions of the bathhouse must be calculated so that everything is balanced. 4 visitors or 6 are steaming - there should be no excessive overheating or unnecessary heat dissipation.
As for the height of the ceiling, if you raise it by at least ten centimeters, the total volume of the premises immediately increases significantly. And this comes with the cost of an additional portion of fuel. In addition, it will take longer to heat up. Therefore, based on 4 steamers, the most comfortable ceiling height is given.
Advice from the master!
The steam room usually has three curtains. The width of the top shelf is the largest. The height of each canopy should be 30-35 centimeters. Then the dimensions of the shelf for each of the 4 steamers will be ideal.
Of course, each owner calculates the optimal size of the bathhouse individually. But you need to take into account that there should be at least one square meter per person soaring. If the area is 4 square meters, then it’s easy to estimate how many people can use such a steam room. Russian bathhouse is an excellent way to improve health. With regular visits, a person becomes more seasoned and gets sick less.
