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» Projects of houses with a balcony. Projects of wooden houses with balconies Projects of wooden houses with balconies

Projects of houses with a balcony. Projects of wooden houses with balconies Projects of wooden houses with balconies

Private houses, which were built by the owner himself, surprise with unusual projects and designs, made conscientiously, for himself. Quite often in this case the question arises about adding a balcony with your own hands. You can see how to do this efficiently and beautifully in the instructions below.

Advantages and disadvantages of construction

The advantages include the following:

  • It is possible to add a balcony to a private house only if the house has already had at least two floors, including an attic. Most often, this extension is used for entertainment and relaxation, although some home owners are thinking about expanding the existing space.
  • Beautiful types of extensions, the design of which is tasteful, create a presentable appearance and serve as decoration for private homes.
  • In many cases, such extensions serve not only as a way to expand the space of the house, but also act as a roof, terrace or porch, serving as a base for them.
  • You create an additional escape route that will be useful to you and your family in case of an emergency.

However, there are a number of disadvantages:

  • It is best to consider financing the construction of a balcony immediately, when planning and building a house. An extension to an existing building can be very costly and complex in terms of construction work.
  • Before you start building a new building, you need accurate calculations. For this, it is recommended to contact specialists who will study your question in detail and calculate the required amount suitable materials, and will also amount to individual project. Balconies are extensions with increased danger; construction at random usually ends in an accident.
  • The presence of a balcony door can cause large heat losses; this problem is very common in cantilever structures. A building on independent supports will help you prevent heat from escaping.
  • Carefully study the question of the rationality of these works. Building in a location that is not suitable for your needs may end up being useless.

You can build

The design and appearance of a new building largely depend on the appearance and decoration of the house, as well as on the material from which it is made. An important condition is the harmonious selection of the type of balcony in such a style that it does not stand out in design from the general image of the building.

Concrete balconies

The most common option is with a concrete floor. There are several features:

  • The load-bearing elements of one of the sides are fixed in the wall of the house. Using electric welding, they are connected to pre-installed and carefully secured anchors. The reliability of the entire structure will depend on how massive the wall is. If the walls of the house, which will help distribute the weight and pressure of the new building, are not strong enough, it is necessary to attach additional supports.
  • Dimensions in reach and depth should not exceed one meter.
  • IN brick buildings concrete slabs are inserted into the load-bearing wall of the house along their entire length. They are welded to the lintel reinforcement, which is placed above the floor below.
  • Console elements are laid into the masonry in houses with stone walls.
  • The top level of the main support slab should ultimately be set 100-120mm below the final floor level.
  • The floor of the structure being created must have a slope of 2% from the main building.
  • The concrete slab should be waterproofed. To do this, a water-repellent coating is installed on the surface of the installed slab, on which a sand-cement screed is then poured.
  • Parapets must be at least one meter. For this purpose, metal gratings are used, which consist of handrails and racks. The racks are attached by electric welding to the embedded elements of the slab, and the edges of the handrails are inserted into the load-bearing wall of the building.
  • The balcony door threshold must be positioned 100 mm above the floor level.

Wooden

  • The load-bearing elements are beams, for the manufacture of which we used wooden beam with a section of 10x20 cm.
  • At a depth of 25 cm or more, the beam is fixed into a load-bearing wall and covered with water-repellent substances or materials. They should be located at a distance of about 80 cm from each other.
  • The beams are secured to the walls using steel angles or strips.
  • Wooden posts 4x10 cm are attached to the installed beams with M12 bolts.
  • Then longitudinal beams made of 5x10 cm boards are fixed above the cantilever beams at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other.
  • To obtain a more rigid structure, at the intersection points of the longitudinal and cantilever beams, grooves for cantilever beams with a depth of 300-400 mm are made.
  • Floors are laid by installing prepared boards 4 cm thick.
  • The board fencing should be made of boards with a cross-section of 3x13 cm. It is attached to the posts with screws or nails.
  • The wooden handrail should have a cross-section of 4x9 cm. It is secured with nails to the posts and inserted into the load-bearing wall.
  • All elements finished design necessarily coated with hydrophobic paint or oil, and the fences and handrails of the balcony are treated twice with frost-resistant hydrophobic varnish.

Forged

This is enough nice option, which serves not only as a fence, but also as an elegant decoration of the building. The installation features are as follows:

  • The forged product should not exceed the size of the slab and opening to avoid cutting the grating. But small reductions are acceptable.
  • For installation, carefully consider the condition of the slab, because metal products are quite heavy. The surface must be smooth, without gouges or damage.
  • To restore the integrity of the slab, you need to restore the embedded parts, to which the decorative forged grille will be welded during the installation process.
  • To restore the reinforcement of the slab, the first layer of coating is knocked down to the base.
  • If the edges of the slab are broken or chipped, the frame is welded so that it is possible to fill cement screed and maintain the original shape of the slab. The frame is welded from metal.
  • Iron mortgages are attached to the welded frame elements directly for installing the fence.
  • When the above-described elements are welded, they begin installing the formwork and pouring the slab.
  • The grate must be installed only when the solution has completely hardened. This also applies to other installation work. Complete drying time is about a month.
  • If the slab is either intact or has minor defects, then do not use cement-sand mortar to restore it, as it will fall off very quickly.
  • To get rid of small cracks, add tile adhesive to the solution in the same amount as the cement. If the finished layer is no more than 20 mm, only glue can be used.

French balcony in a private house

This is a fully glazed balcony with tinted or transparent windows. Tinting can be done with a special decorative film optionally, partially or over the entire area. The features of its installation are as follows:

  • Anchor plates are attached to the boxes at a distance of no more than 80 cm.
  • The contact line between the block and the quarter of the opening should be glued with pre-compressed sealing tape and then the outer block should be mounted on the support blocks.
  • A second one is attached to the installed block and tightened with screws at intervals of 40 cm.
  • Next, you should align the assembled elements and attach them with dowel nails.
  • The resulting gaps are filled with polyurethane foam.
  • Leftovers polyurethane foam removed and covered with vapor barrier tape.
  • The last step is to screw in the handles and plaster the slopes.

With awnings

If desired, on installed balcony you can attach a canopy. The choice in this case is so great that it requires separate consideration.

For reference!

To attach a canopy, profile pipes and roofing material will be useful. The first ones are intended for assembling the frame, and the material for the roof can be very diverse.

Basically, canopies are made of slate, ondulin, polycarbonate, corrugated sheets or metal tiles. The most beneficial option is polycarbonate. Firstly, it is easy to install. Moreover, it suppresses noise, is durable, and its formula creates additional protection from ultraviolet rays. Slate and ondulin are inferior to polycarbonate in terms of massiveness, as well as more complex installation.

Visors are of the following types depending on the design:

  • Single-pitch. The simplest and most economical option for equipping a visor. A uniform angle of inclination is formed due to the triangular brackets on which the roof is attached.
  • Gable. More complex look in the shape of gable roof, most convenient for a corner balcony or loggia. Such a canopy will be more resistant to adverse weather conditions, and will also be a solution to the problem of snow accumulation on the roof.
  • Canopy "Marquise". The advantage of this type of canopy is the impossibility of accumulation of icicles and snow layers in winter.
  • Dome type. A less popular option as it takes time to complete and is also more expensive. However, it looks very presentable in private homes.
  • Arched type. It is easy to operate and install, has an interesting design and has great functionality when used.

Canopy installation

To install the visor you will need the following equipment:

  • Welding machine to form a frame.
  • Hammer.
  • Screwdriver.
  • Level, tape measure and construction marker or pencil.
  • Hammer.

Installation steps:

  • Apply precise markings for fastening the supporting frame, as well as places for drilling holes for dowels. Set the exact horizon and level of the structure.
  • Using a drill, make holes for attaching the frame with dowels.
  • The frame is fixed by clamping with anchors and tightening with keys of the appropriate size.
  • Between the load-bearing parts of the frame there are stiffening ribs made of the same profile pipe. They can be welded or attached with a bolt tie.
  • At this stage, the base has already been installed; proceed to the installation of the roof. The roof is attached to the stiffeners using self-drilling screws.

Roof balcony

There are such balconies three types: pediment, roof and balcony windows. The first ones are protruding and recessed, in the form of a small terrace.

Installation of a gable balcony:

  • One of the roof gables is built deeper, in proportion to the width of the desired balcony. To finish the roof, a hanging rafter system is used.
  • The slab bordering between the floor below and the balcony being prepared is covered with insulation, waterproofing is applied on top of this layer and then a screed is applied.
  • The next step is to install the fence. Here the choice is quite large, it will be metal, wood or brick.
  • The wall separating the attic should not be massive.

Roofing type installation:

  • An opening in width and height is created in the roof for future passage.
  • From top to bottom of the opening, the door and partitions that will serve as the entrance are installed. The holes formed on the sides of the entrance are filled with bricks and the joints are sealed.
  • The attic floor between the partition and the roof is your future balcony. It is carefully insulated, waterproofed and tightened, similar to the previous gable version.
  • You can increase the space using concrete slab. It is laid out slightly forward. Next, the slab is reinforced along the perimeter and a fence is erected.

Installation of a balcony window:

  • This type of design consists of upper and lower sashes. When opened, the lower one usually serves as a railing, and the upper one as a canopy.
  • The hinges allow the lower sash to make translational movements or fix it in the required position. The upper sash rises along the upper axis, if it is made in a suspended technique, and if in a mid-turn technique, it rises along the central axis.
  • When open, the window-balcony forms handrails.

The variety in the choice of attached balconies allows you to choose exactly the option that will best suit the style of execution and decoration of the house. Wooden, concrete, metal options with various designs will be designed to emphasize the individuality of the house, and will also allow you to find time to relax and contemplate the panorama.

Video

The video contains the most beautiful houses with original balconies.

Reading time: 7 minutes.

Rarely seen today country houses and cottages without balconies. They not only decorate buildings, but also create comfortable conditions for accommodation. Wooden balconies are cheap, easy to make and can be combined with any wall materials.

Construction of a wooden balcony is considered a very responsible job. First of all, there is a danger of the unreliable structure collapsing. To prevent this, the work is carried out in stages and includes calculation and practical components.

Types of balconies

Wooden balconies vary in type depending on the methods of creating support. These methods are the most well known.

  1. Console option.

If building a balcony on supports is impractical, then the cantilever method of support comes to the rescue. With this method, the base of the balcony rests on the extensions of the beams that create the interfloor ceiling.

In addition, the base can be created by beams laid parallel or perpendicular to the floor beams. This base decorates the walls of the building, but there is a high risk of rotting from moisture.

  1. Add-on option.


The simplest and modern way construction of a stable balcony. The side supports reliably hold the balcony base, and the front posts create rigidity of the entire structure. There must be a free area under the base to make the foundation. In some cases, such a balcony may serve as a roof for a veranda or terrace.

Preparing for work

Preparatory work, first of all, includes the creation of a project with calculations.

The success of construction largely depends on the quality of the project. When preparing it, first of all, the location of the structure is determined. Classic version- this is located above the entrance to the house. In this case, the porch columns will support the balcony base.


Balcony above the entrance to the house
  • balcony designs;
  • installed furniture;
  • people going out onto the balcony.

Placement of people and furniture depending on the size of the balcony

There are others requirements for the right choice designs extensions:

  • for safety there must be a fence at least 105 cm high;
  • the base of the balcony is mounted with a slope of up to two degrees, so that during precipitation the water flows out;
  • The location of the balcony must correspond to its purpose. For decoration it is placed on the facade of the building, and for relaxation in quiet places;
  • Additional equipment for the canopy will well protect the balcony from precipitation and extend its service life.

Construction of a cantilever balcony

Initially, the materials specified in the project are purchased and the tool is prepared. In addition, the project must include drawings with the dimensions of the parts. This will save materials and also simplify assembly.



IMPORTANT!

1. If the extension is being carried out in a house under construction, then the protruding floor beams are a good basis for the structure wooden balcony. In a built house, the best option would be to support it on pillars.

In a cantilever balcony, one of the options is used for mounting the base:

  • pinching in the wall. Disadvantage: the width of the base is limited to one meter;
  • support on cantilever beams. The dimensions of the base increase to one and a half meters.

Types of attaching a balcony to a private house

Construction work is carried out in stages:

  • Markings according to the project are made on the wall;
  • For the balcony beams, a wooden beam of dimensions is prepared 200 x 100 mm. It is pre-treated with antiseptic solutions;




Construction of an attached balcony


As in the previous version, work begins with the purchase of materials and preparation of tools.

Unlike console structures, such structures are more complex to install and require more financial costs.

The stages of construction of the attached base are as follows:

  • according to the project, markings are applied on the wall and in the places where the pillars are installed;
  • for supports, pillars with a diameter of more than 140 mm are selected. They are treated with an antiseptic. The lower part of the pillars to the depth of installation in the ground is covered with bitumen;
  • holes are dug or drilled. A sand cushion is placed at their bottom;


  • at the level of the wall support, the pillars are tied with crossbars;
  • the pillars are connected to the wall support with lathing, which is necessary for installing wooden flooring;
  • arrangement is being made.

Useful video on the topic:

Arrangement of the balcony base

These works require special care, since the reliability, attractiveness and longevity of the balcony structure largely depend on them. These primarily include:


As a rule, the frame of a wooden balcony is made of wooden elements.

Firstly, wood has high thermal insulation qualities, and secondly, it goes well with various architectural styles.

Typically, the balcony frame is connected to the wall using bars fixed vertically to the wall at the ends of the balcony base. The height of the bars determines the size of the fence.

The wall is most often covered with clapboard. The lining made of pine and larch looks good and is durable. If the balcony frame has big sizes, then round profile boards are installed (block house). This wall has a distinct log look.

  1. Laying the floor.

The floor is mounted on the prepared sheathing. Forty-millimeter planed boards are chosen as the material. To prevent water from accumulating, they are laid with a gap of up to 2 mm.


  1. Installation of fencing.

A good fence not only has an attractive appearance, combined with architectural style building, but is also durable and reliable. Turned or carved balusters give a wooden balcony an attractive look.

Railings are made from different materials:


Such fencing combines elegance with high strength.


There are certain rules that fencing for wooden balconies must comply with:

  • the height of the railing is not less than 1.0 m;
  • the distance between balusters is no more than 0.1 m;
  • There should be no nicks or roughness on the surface of the railing.

When choosing railings, you must first of all be guided by the safety of using the balcony.

  1. Creating a canopy.

Not every wooden balcony requires a canopy. It is equipped to create comfort and protect the balcony from the destructive effects of natural conditions.

It is easy to construct a canopy as an extension of the roof slope. In this case, it is enough to have longer rafters.


The simplest design is tying the top of the pillars to support the balcony base. After this, a sheathing is made on which the roofing covering is laid.


There are polycarbonate canopies mounted on the wall. Light materials that can withstand snow and wind loads are suitable for the canopy.


Processing of wooden elements

A mandatory requirement for all wooden balconies is protection from insects and weather conditions. Protection will be effective if it is carried out comprehensively:

  • applying primers;
  • impregnation with antiseptics;
  • coating with fade-resistant varnish.

Special requirements for the processing of cladding material on open balconies without awnings. Therefore, before we start installation work floorboards with reverse side are covered antiseptic primer VISASOL. It contains substances that prevent the formation of mold.


Antiseptic Teknos Visasol

For wooden railings, an elastic, hard and weather-resistant varnish is selected. The best option is alkyd-urethane varnish. He's not afraid mechanical influences, temperature fluctuations, direct sunlight.

IMPORTANT! Process wooden fencing It is necessary to use primer, impregnation and varnish from the same manufacturer. Only then will full compatibility of all coatings be guaranteed.

The outside of a wooden balcony must be coated with paint that matches the color of the house facade.

So, despite some difficulties, attaching a wooden balcony to a house can be done by people with little experience who know how to handle wooden materials. The main thing is that the installation is carried out carefully, and in addition, safety measures are observed when working at height.

What is a balcony and how does it differ from other building structures of the house?

Balcony(fr. balcony, German balco- beam) is an architectural element with a platform open on three sides, which protrudes beyond the facade of the house and is fenced with railings. The balcony is adjacent to the building on one side, from which there is a door with access to the balcony; it is open both above and below, unlike other similar structures.

Many ordinary people sometimes confuse the concepts of “balcony” and “loggia” due to the external similarity of these building elements, because architectural structures do not directly relate to the main heated room and are, as it were, “street”, especially in urban environments. Unlike a balcony, a loggia is open on one side and is most often built directly into the building.


The updated version of SNiP 01/31/2003 for the Code of Rules “Residential multi-apartment buildings” gives the following definition of lightweight unheated structures in construction:

« 3.8 Balcony. A fenced area protruding from the plane of the facade wall. Can be glazed;

3.9 Veranda. Glazed unheated room, attached to or built into a building, with no depth limitation. In multi-apartment residential buildings, it is used as part of the premises of blocked residential buildings, or as part of the premises of apartments located on the upper floors of buildings of different heights and having access to the roof of the lower floor, on which a veranda can be installed;

3.10 Loggia. Built-in or attached, open to the outside space, enclosed on three sides by walls (on two sides - in case of a corner location) a room with a depth limited by the requirements natural light premises to the outer wall of which it adjoins. Can be glazed;

3.11 Terrace. A fenced open area attached to a building or placed on the roof of a lower floor. It may have a roof and exit from the adjacent rooms of the house.”

Thus, we consider a balcony to be the maximum open area on one of the floors of the building, like a “piece of street”, where you can get out by taking a few steps from the room.

Do you need a balcony?


Each developer thinks through different options for planning a future home before starting to implement his idea. A private developer, especially, wants to make his dreams come true as much as possible. After all, much of what he did not have in his city apartment can be afforded when planning his own wooden house. Surely, many people are considering the option of having a balcony in their house if it is multi-story.

For a city dweller, a balcony in an apartment is a bit of the city’s street area, located at a height own apartment, i.e. a stone's throw. The city dweller uses this area in different ways: for one it is a place where you can go out into the fresh air without leaving the apartment, for another it is a small area where you can plant a small garden, plant flowers in boxes, and someone uses these extra few square meters, as a storage room, in the absence of the latter, placing there everything that is not needed now, including sports equipment and various rubbish.


But the owner of a country house or one does not have the same problems as a city resident. He has his own personal plot, which he is free to dispose of at his own discretion. He has more opportunities to often be outdoors; it is enough to go outside his own home.

For those who have a craving for the earth, who like to tinker with their hydrangeas, violets and roses, in a private house there is also no need to limit yourself to a few squares of cramped balcony: even on the most modest in size personal plot more space for space than on the balcony.

Well, a warehouse for unnecessary things, for things that are not essential, can always be found in your own home, be it a nook under the stairs, an attic under the roof, or a separate shed for these purposes.

Thus, there seems to be no urgent need for a balcony.

What is the use of a balcony in a private wooden house?


From having a balcony in your own log house, perhaps, two benefits: step-by-step access to open space and the aesthetics of the appearance of the home.


If Vacation home large, multi-storey, it has many rooms and bedrooms, some of them can be made with a balcony. When a building is located in a beautiful area with a picturesque landscape, then you want to admire this landscape constantly, at any time of the year, enjoying communication with nature. In winter, you can do this without leaving your home, watching the flying snowflakes out the window. And in the summer on the balcony, overlooking the surroundings from the height of the second or third floor of your own household. This will be a different view than the panorama from the porch, from the lower floor, from the ground. How wonderful it is to sit with a cup of coffee or tea on the balcony on a summer evening, when nature goes to sleep, contemplating the sunset and the fading sky in purple and pink tones, noticing the fading chirping of birds and the increasing squeak of bats flitting in the twilight.


If the bedroom or some other room has access to a balcony, then it is used exclusively for your own pleasure, for being in the fresh air: you do not need to leave the premises, just take a few steps towards the balcony door.

Beautifully designed balconies add to the aesthetics of the building. They decorate the facades of the house. There are balconies different designs: located separately for each of the rooms with a separate entrance or common, with exits from several rooms at once.

History of the balcony

In Europe.

If the first balcony structures began to be built in medieval buildings such as fortresses, and they were used only for their intended purpose - for military and defensive purposes, then over time balconies began to be built in public and residential buildings.

The first balconies, like others open spaces in civil engineering began to appear in countries with a mild and warm climate: in Italy, France, Spain, etc. The medieval resident, like our contemporary, always sought to expand his living space. And since the land was expensive, in order to avoid paying extra taxes, residents built houses with balconies. The balconies did not take up a single piece of extra land and at the same time increased personal space. Balconies became especially popular during the Renaissance, when residents multi-storey buildings could breathe fresh air on your balcony without leaving your home.


In Verona (Italy) there is the famous house of Juliet with a balcony on which the young maiden stood when Romeo confessed his love to her: “But what kind of shine do I see on the balcony? There is light there. Juliet, you are like daylight! Stand by the window, kill the moon with your proximity...” Juliet's House was built in the 13th century and is now a popular place among tourists who want to see this legendary stone structure in Italy and admire its main attraction - Juliet's balcony.

Later, balcony structures became popular in countries with a temperate climate in Europe - Germany, England, Belgium, Holland, etc.

In European countries with harsh climates, such as Sweden and Norway, such architectural elements are almost never found.


An interesting type of balcony is or , which is a type of balcony that cannot be accessed. It consists of an exit in the wall with a partition made of railings, i.e. without a platform, which, in fact, is a balcony.


There is a version about how the “French balcony” appeared. Its history goes back to the Louvre, where toilets were not provided. Noble people relieved themselves in “night vases” or right on the street. In the palace they did this by sitting with their backs to the window. To facilitate this process, the window frames were subsequently lowered to the floor, with bars attached to the windows, thus protecting those who relieved themselves in such an exotic way for our times.

Since then, the “French balcony” has lost its original purpose, but is still used in the architecture of European countries.

In Rus'

In Russia, a country with a harsh climate, as in the Scandinavian countries, there was no urgent need for balconies; on the contrary, they tried to make as few openings as possible in the walls in order to retain heat as much as possible. However, prototypes of architectural structures similar modern balconies, were used in the most ancient buildings in Rus', including wooden houses, which were built from log cabins. These architectural elements then had their own, ancient Russian name.


The first semblances of balconies were installed in fortifications, which were built from log houses, i.e. were log. In the log house of a wooden house, openings were made at a certain height, on which a log floor was laid and a parapet was installed - barriers, protection from enemy weapons. Such a structure with a platform protruding from the wall and fences is called a balcony in modern times, and in ancient Rus' it was called "fenced". Zaborol has been known in ancient wooden fortifications in Rus' since the 11th century. Since the 17th century, the fence began to bear the name "regAma" or "bummer".


In the book of the famous Russian architect, researcher of Russian wooden architecture M.V. Krasovsky(1874-1939) (1916) the following description is given fenced or bummer: “A more improved type of parapet consisted of the outlet ends of logs (consoles), on which a log floor was laid and a vertical wall was cut - the parapet itself; for greater safety of the defenders, the latter was sometimes made of double thickness. This type of parapet received the name “oblama” or “breakdown” in the 17th century. In the floor of the oblast, hinged loopholes (strelnitsa) were installed, through which boiling water or hot resin was poured onto enemies approaching the base of the walls and stones or cast-iron cannonballs were thrown. If the front wall of the oblast exceeded the height of a person’s chest by an insignificant height, then loopholes were installed in it, but if it was taller than human height, then for ease of use it was necessary to make special benches called “beds.” To make the front wall of the oblast more stable, transverse walls were sometimes cut into it, in which doors were cut for free movement of defenders along the entire length of the wall; the ends of these walls were connected at the top, on the inside of the fence, with beams, below which everything was covered with boards, but the doors were left. The resulting corridor, about a fathom wide, was covered with a roof and in peacetime could serve as a warehouse for military and food supplies...”


IN wooden buildings for civil purposes, including for housing, balconies were also known since ancient times, but they were called differently, in the Russian way "gulbischami". Basically, under walkways meant open terraces along the walls of a building or temple (except for the side on which the altar is located). But the architect M.V. Krasovsky in his famous book "Course on the history of Russian architecture" The walkway is a balcony.
In the description of the “mansion” - the wooden house of a city boyar or landowner, the author writes this: “...The tower and towers had the same purpose as the canopy, over which they were, for the most part, built. Typically, the area of ​​the towers was smaller than the underlying canopy, which made it possible to arrange balconies around them - “gulbishchas,” as they were called then...”


Wealthy peasants, even in the countryside, did not shy away from such an architectural element as a balcony, since Krasovsky’s book also describes a Russian one with a balcony. In the northern provinces Russian Empire, as now, there was a lot of forest, so in Kostroma, Vologda, Arkhangelsk and other provinces there were often two-story houses from log cabins, which were called “double-fat huts,” in which balconies were built. At M.V. Krasovsky describes it this way: “In the attic of the front hut there is sometimes a living room, called a small room, in front of which there is usually a balcony. However, these balconies are, apparently, a relatively later phenomenon, as well as small balconies on pillars...”






Thus, architectural elements with a protruding canopy and fences, called in the old way fences, bummer And walkways, but in a modern way balconies, have been known in Rus' since at least the 11th century. They were used in both military and civil construction. Balconies (oblamas, walkways) were built during construction wooden houses city ​​nobility, boyars and landowners, their mansions and towers, as well as during the construction of a two-story huts among the wealthy peasantry.


These architectural elements began to be called balconies in the European style when Italian architects built palaces for royalty. For example, the famous Catherine Palace, built by the architect Rastrelli in the Russian Baroque style. On the facade of the palace there are balconies with intricate wrought iron grilles. amazing beauty. Some architectural amateurs, familiar only with the masterpieces of stone architecture in Rus', claim that “balconies, as architectural elements, were found only on the facades of palaces of the 18th century.” But, as can be seen from the materials above, this is not at all the case. Since in wooden buildings made from logs, traditional for Rus', these architectural elements were also used in the form of platforms with fences extending beyond the facade, but they were designated by other, not European, but native Russian terms.

Negative aspects of having a balcony in a wooden house

The most important points that need to be taken into account when building a log house with a balcony are the strength of the structures on which the platform of the open structure rests and the tightness of the entrance to the balcony, which should not allow air from the street to pass through, which is especially important in the cold season.


According to the rules of wooden house construction, the balcony is constructed from the so-called. "issues" log house - these are elongated elements of load-bearing walls, cantilever logs or beams. Sometimes the outlets can come not from one row of the log house, but from several, which increases the strength of the balcony structure. And if cantilever logs or bars have different lengths, they are shortened more and more with each subsequent row, then such balcony design has not only increased rigidity of the base, but also acquires a special aesthetic appearance.

Sometimes builders resort to such a dubious design for constructing a balcony, such as erecting it on elongated wooden beams interfloor ceiling. This specialists from the Chukhlomskaya Usadba company This is highly discouraged and they never resort to this risky type of construction of balconies themselves. Moreover, such technology for constructing a balcony contradicts the requirements of SNiP 11-25-80 “ Wooden structures“, where it is said: “in heated buildings, load-bearing structures should be located without intersecting them with enclosing structures.” This requirement is not overly strict, since in the places where the beam passes, slanting rain can fall, snow can be swept up, and this is fraught with the accumulation of excess moisture in these places and further rotting, which is why the balcony supports can quickly collapse and then using such a balcony will be dangerous not only for health, but also for life due to the threat of collapse.

The installation of a balcony door must also be approached with special responsibility, since access to the street occurs without intermediate spaces in the form of canopies and vestibules, which prevent the cool air from outside from entering directly into the log house. The arrangement of the balcony door must be sealed, insulated, not letting street air into the living space, so that a draft does not come directly from the street into the home, which is especially noticeable in cold weather, when the flow of cold air hits directly at the feet.

Balcony when designing a future wooden house

Traditionally, balconies in wooden houses arranged above the terrace or porch of the first floor, which makes them more stable. The balcony above the porch or terrace serves as a “roof”, and the supports of the latter are additional reinforcement, supports for the balcony on the second floor. In such cases, it is not necessary that the external structures of the first or second floor exactly match in size. There may be different options: the lower terrace is larger in size than the balcony above, and then the areas of the terrace open from above are covered with a roof; the balcony at the top is larger in size than the lower terrace or porch, then additional supports from below still insure the reliability of the upper platform.


Less often, balconies are planned as a separate platform at a height in front of rooms on the second or subsequent floors. These balconies can be either separate for each of the rooms, or a common area along the wall, to which there is an exit from each room. In such balconies, it is important to ensure the safety of the load-bearing structures under the flooring. It is necessary to ensure the strength and reliability of the timber or log consoles in the log house; it will be better if there are several of them from the load-bearing wall.


An ancient way of constructing a balcony in a log house is a balcony in the attic, when the lower platform of the balcony is top part log house of the first floor, i.e. the balcony seems to be “recessed” into the house. This type of balcony is very reliable because there is no danger of it collapsing. But in such a balcony it is important that the area under the floor is securely covered with water-repellent coatings and well protected from rain and snow in order to prevent moisture from entering and leaking the ceiling in the part of the room under the balcony.

If such a balcony is covered with boards or siding, or glazed, then it is already considered a loggia. In this case, slanting rain and snow no longer falls on the open part of the site, which is located above the premises of the first floor, and there is no longer a danger of leakage onto the ceiling of the lower rooms.

Projects of wooden houses with balconies


On the site construction company "Chukhloma Estate" presented different houses with different types of balconies. Most popular project timber house 7x7 with a small balcony on the facade located above the bay window. This type of balcony has reliable support from below, so it is never in danger of collapsing.

A beautiful and cozy private house with 1-2-3 floors cannot be imagined as complete if it does not have a balcony. Beautiful and varied in shape, area, glazing, insulation, placement, balconies delight the eye and give the outside of the house its unique appearance. Of course, not only its external appearance is the goal, it also carries a number of functional loads that increase the value and dignity of the house in general.

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It must be remembered that constructing a balcony for a finished building can lead to high costs, so its design must be carried out together with the general layout of the house. A balcony can become a high-risk area, so it is better to entrust its design and construction to specialists.

A balcony extension can serve as a place of relaxation, entertainment and even a workplace creative person. Many books and scientific works were written by thinking people sitting in armchairs and sun loungers on the balcony. A balcony with its base can serve as a roof over the porch, protecting it from rain, snow and other influences of natural and human factors. A balcony installed above the veranda helps divide the facade of the house into two parts and creates the effect of a large air space and increases the apparent volume of the house.

And one more point - fire safety. This refers to the possibility of evacuating through such an emergency exit in case of emergency.

Minuses:

  • complexity of design and construction,
  • partial heat leaks through balcony doors,
  • in the case of concrete cantilever slabs, heat leaks through technological thermal bridges are possible,
  • the need to coordinate at the planning stage the visibility from the balcony of the external environment and the neighbor’s buildings,
  • additional structures on the facade of a private house complicate and lead to higher costs at all stages of the construction of the house.

Varieties

Concrete

This is the most common type, but it requires a special approach. The concrete base of the balcony is quite heavy and puts a significant load on the walls of the house. If the walls are not massive enough and there are doubts about their strength, additional supports are installed. Of course, they must be well made and match the overall design of the house.

Balcony slabs can be attached to the wall of a house in various ways:

  • a slab clamped into a wall is only suitable for concrete and brick houses due to its weight. The width of such a balcony is up to 1 meter;
  • a slab laid on several beams clamped into the wall at a distance of at least 80 centimeters from one another. Balcony width up to 1.2 meters;
  • slab on thrust brackets, where the strut can approach the edge of the cantilever part. This fastening makes it possible to decorate the structure with any finish from attic to modern. Width up to 1.5 meters;
  • the support at the end of a cantilevered slab in the main wall significantly expands its width;
  • the balcony slab on 4 supports already stands on its base and the balcony can be built after the main construction of the house is completed; it is practically a terrace on the second floor.

Reach and depth of the balcony concrete base with embedding in the wall should not extend beyond one meter, the slope angle balcony slab from the horizontal position must be about 2%. A water-repellent coating must be installed on the surface of the concrete slab, which must be covered with a cement-sand screed. Metal racks are welded to the embedded steel elements; you need to worry about their artistic appearance in advance when deciding on the overall design.

The parapet handrails are attached to the risers, the ends of the handrails are securely inserted and secured into load-bearing wall. The height of the parapet is not lower than 1 meter. Artistic metal lathing the balcony should not have cell sizes that pose a danger to children. The balcony door should have a threshold 10 centimeters high.

Bay windows

The word bay window, rarely used in everyday life, does not even make many people think, just like many foreign words. This word means one thing - it is a balcony-type structure protruding beyond the facade of a building. Almost the same glazed balcony, but inside it is a continuation of the room. Bay windows can be of any shape; this is a huge field for imagination and real implementation.

Meet Various types designs: rectangular, semicircular, with many edges, divided and solid windows, colored, mosaic and many others. The bay window is part of the wall of the house, it is not an extension element and the base under it is the same as that used by the house. Above the bay window, part of the structure is made in the form of slopes, but even here they try to add some kind of addition in order to distinguish it from the neighboring house. Often above the bay window you can see something similar to a turret. A bay window is hidden very well outside under a roof, usually a gable one.

One of the main functions of a bay window, as well as a balcony, is to change the shape interior space, in increasing its area and illumination due to additional windows. Interior decoration, design, furnishing of a bay window makes it possible to turn this small corner of the room into a fabulous location. It all depends on the desires and tastes of the owners of a private home.

Wood

First, we make beams, for which we use a wooden beam measuring 10x20 centimeters. The beams will become load-bearing elements balcony The beams are impregnated with DL-3 solution and covered with waterproof materials. To a depth of at least 25 cm, every 80 cm, the beams are attached to the load-bearing wall with steel corners. You need to attach racks made of 4x10cm wooden blocks to the beams. Then we lay and fasten 6x9 centimeter boards on the cantilever beams at a distance of 30x40 cm between them. Next, we lay the floor using 40 mm boards.

We fasten the fencing made of boards 3x13 cm with screws to the posts, handrails made of wood measuring 4x9 cm are attached to the posts and are firmly fixed in the load-bearing wall. There should be no burrs or unevenness on the wooden handrail. The entire surface of the handrails must be thoroughly sanded and coated twice with water-repellent frost-resistant varnish. All elements of a wooden balcony are either oiled or treated with hydrophobic paint.

It is always advisable for cantilever structures to be supported by vertical columns to ensure the stability of the structure for a long period of time.

A little about the French balcony

As a rule, the balcony in a private house is open to be closer to nature, the fresh flow of forest air, and the smell of herbs. But there is also a closed type, the so-called “French”. In a private house, you can decide to install all kinds of extensions in accordance with the tastes and wealth of the owners. Closed, fully glazed with wrought-iron lattice, with beautiful windows made of clear or tinted glass, stylish frames, such a balcony will decorate any home.

But there is one peculiarity in this. We do not tie the balcony to the general appearance of the house, but on the contrary, even at the design stage of the entire house, we will have to coordinate the entire external design with the future French balcony. Detailed step by step instructions According to this design, this is a separate complex topic. It is necessary to coordinate the design of the room associated with the French balcony, their interior decoration, color scheme. All these are topics for the inspired work of artists, designers, and creative blacksmiths to create genuine masterpieces.

A wooden house with a balcony is a comfortable and functional home, which is distinguished by attractiveness and sophistication, environmental friendliness and naturalness. The balcony will allow you to fully experience the benefits country life. Imagine how pleasant it is to enjoy the surrounding view by going out onto the balcony with a cup of tea. Here you can retire with a book. In addition, it is indispensable for smokers. Even if no one at home smokes, do not forget about the guests.

Designing a house with a balcony

The MariSrub company offers a wide selection finished projects wooden dachas and cottages with a balcony. Spacious loggia can be installed in the hall, where it will continue the recreation area. For bedrooms it is better to use compact, neat balconies. We offer projects of houses with one, two and big amount balconies and loggias.

The balcony expands the area and receives an additional area where you can store things and dry clothes. In addition, it gives the house a zest, making the structure elegant, presentable and original. A balcony in a wooden house looks especially luxurious. Carved balusters, railings and supports decorate the structure, and natural wood looks natural and harmonious.

A balcony will provide access to air and sun, give you a feeling of freedom and relieve the feeling of “ limited space”, diversifies the design of the house. You can choose a ready-made sketch, where the firm’s architect will make changes. Or order individual design, when the project is developed from scratch.

In each case, the design takes into account wishes for the layout of the house, the design and functionality of the premises, placement engineering communications and building standards. The latter are important when calculating a balcony, because the structure must be stable and safe. MariSrub experts have all the necessary knowledge and skills to design and build a reliable and durable country house.

Advantages of a wooden house

Experts recommend choosing for suburban construction only wood. After all, this is a unique natural material that will preserve and enhance the environmental friendliness and benefits of living or relaxing in the countryside. Wood has a positive effect on a person’s well-being, mood and sleep. Charges with energy and gives strength.

Among the advantages of wood are the following:

  • 100% environmentally friendly and safe;
  • Strength and durability;
  • Keeps heat indoors;
  • Creates a favorable atmosphere, fills the house with fresh air and a pleasant forest aroma;
  • The light weight of wood does not create a heavy load and does not require the installation of a heavy, expensive foundation;
  • Wooden walls look aesthetically pleasing and finished, so they do not need decorative finishing;
  • Operational deadlines for construction of a log house.

In “MariSrub” they choose rounded and chopped logs, dry profiled and double timber for construction. You can choose any lumber at a price, quality characteristics, sizes and appearance. And the company’s consultants will tell you in detail about each type and help you make a choice. We produce our own lumber, so we are responsible for the quality of each product!

In production we use only safe technologies and comply with GOST standards, which allows us to preserve the naturalness of the wood and increase the strength of the products. We offer a full range of services, which includes the design and installation of a log house, installation of the roof and foundation, utility networks and finishing. Order wooden house with a turnkey or shrinkable balcony!