The presented tool can be mains-powered or cordless, and according to the type of work, there are drill-drivers, cordless screwdrivers, impact wrenches and screwdrivers. All these tools have the same operating principle, but perform different functions.
If a conventional screwdriver only works with fasteners, then a drill-driver can also drill holes. The impact wrench is designed for loosening or tightening bolts and nuts. The cordless screwdriver has a Phillips-shaped bit. In terms of power, this device is weak.
It is quite difficult to work without the presented tool, especially if you have to tighten a large number of self-tapping screws Arrangement suspended ceiling, attaching insulation or drywall to the surface and many other actions - that’s what a screwdriver is for.
The design of the screwdriver is quite simple. The plastic housing houses the motor and gears that drive the bit. The bit is located at the end of the device. Also present on the body LED backlight, speed and direction switches, torque regulator, power switch.
Principle of operation The screwdriver is also very simple. With the help of an engine, a shaft with a cartridge is driven through a gearbox, in which the necessary attachment is fixed. Now that you know how a screwdriver works, you can learn how to use it. First you need to provide safe conditions work. It is also advisable to check whether the battery is well charged. If everything is in order, then you can start working.
Before using a screwdriver, you need to insert the desired attachment into it. It is selected in accordance with the size of the head of the self-tapping screw or screw. To do this, you need to remove the chuck and coupling from the device and insert the bit into the magnetic holder, which is then reinserted into the device and fixed in it.
Now you can adjust the bit rotation speed. For this purpose, the device has a special regulator. It is advisable to carry out this stage before you start using the tool. To know how to operate a screwdriver correctly, you must first understand changing the direction of rotation of the spindle, for which there is also a switch.
Using the chuck, the depth of the self-tapping screw is adjusted. The magnetic holder will need to be replaced from time to time. To do this, you need to remove it by first removing the chuck with coupling from the screwdriver, replacing it with a different type of holder of a different type and again installing all the elements in their place.
After the settings are made, you can start using the tool. To do this, the battery is connected to the device and necessary work. Knowing how to use a screwdriver correctly, you can avoid unwanted actions when handling the device, which will increase its trouble-free service life.
You cannot adjust the frequency and direction of rotation of the nozzle if the device is turned on and running. The device should be protected from moisture getting inside it. The room in which the device will be used must be well lit, and the electrical power supply must be stable, without fluctuations.
Do not touch the device to grounded objects, otherwise the user may receive an electric shock. Do not use the device continuously for a long time, otherwise it will simply burn out. It is advisable to work only with a working device and in special protective clothing.
An indispensable power tool in everyday life with a self-explanatory name, the screwdriver is actively used in construction work. The most common procedure with such a device is replacing the drill. Sometimes it seems that this process is very complicated and almost impossible. However, in reality, replacing a drill in a screwdriver will not be difficult, the main thing is to follow the instructions step by step and pay attention to the details.
A screwdriver means the same drill, but it has a lower rotation speed of the chuck and the ability to adjust the twisting force. Hours of twisting and unwinding with my own hands no one has ever enjoyed it. A screwdriver will help you quickly and efficiently tighten and unscrew fasteners. Also, using this device, you can make holes in materials of various densities - metal, wood and stone. The screwdriver is powered from the mains or battery.
Construction equipment is divided into the following types:
All types of tools differ only in purpose: a screwdriver (regular) is used only when working with fasteners, a drill will help you drill the required hole, a screwdriver is intended for tightening and unscrewing fastener elements with a cross-shaped “hat”, a device with a self-explanatory name, a wrench, does an excellent job with bolts and nuts .
The “tail” of the screwdriver drill is fixed in the chuck. It comes in different sizes, as do attachments. If the cutting tool is installed incorrectly, the screwdriver can cause damage to the work process and harm to health. For example, due to the “wrong” drill, holes may appear different sizes with a damaged surface. A sharp element flying out of the cartridge will cause serious injury.
Most modern screwdrivers have jaw chucks. They consist of a cylindrical body, as well as a sleeve and cams. When the sleeve rotates clockwise, the cams simultaneously press the drill.
The process of replacing it is simple, but has a number of individual characteristics. The whole process can be described as follows:
Changing a drill is easy, but first you need to pull out the previous one. There are the following options for the development of the situation:
If the screwdriver is working properly, there should be no problems when replacing its working tool.- the operation is elementary. To do this, you need to take a key, which is designed to loosen the cartridge, and insert it into the recess. Turn counterclockwise. Unwinding is carried out due to special teeth that are found on objects. There is also another option for removing the drill. To do this, turn on the reverse rotation mode on the screwdriver, hold the outer body of the chuck and press the “start” button. This will allow the drill to come out easily.
If you do not have a special key, the drill can be removed using a Phillips screwdriver or a nail. It must be inserted into the recess on the cartridge and fix its half. We twist the opposite part of the cartridge by hand. However, if such unwinding does not bring results, then we take a gas wrench or a vice - these tools will help increase the rotation of the cartridge. If the previous options for pulling out the drill failed, then you should resort to “heavy artillery.” In some cases, external damage to the drill makes it difficult to get out. In this situation, it is necessary to relax the “fists” using gas wrenches and a vice. We completely clamp the cartridge with the keys and rotate (unscrew).
The simultaneous use of both a wrench and a vice is encouraged in this process. You can also take a hammer and apply light blows to the cartridge - the vibration from the blows promotes relaxation.
A radical option in the most hopeless situation would be to twist the cartridge from a screwdriver. To do this, you need to squeeze it in a vice and forcefully knock out the cutting tool from inside using a punch. Naturally, after such a procedure, the screwdriver should be taken for repair. To summarize, it is worth noting that the procedure for inserting a drill into a screwdriver is quite simple and even someone who has never done this can handle it. The main thing in this process is to follow the recommendations.
To learn how to insert a drill into a screwdriver, see the following video.
A screwdriver does the same thing as a screwdriver, but hundreds of times faster. Therefore, if you need to tighten one or two screws, use a screwdriver. But if you need to assemble a wardrobe or, say, insulate a balcony with plasterboard, then you can’t do without an electric screwdriver. It is similar to an electric drill, but it drills with bits rather than drills. A bit is a special attachment for a screw, screw or self-tapping screw. Each self-tapping screw (screw, screw) has its own bit. It can be of different sizes.
A screwdriver is similar to an electric drill, but instead of a drill, it has a bit.
The screwdriver is designed specifically for driving screws, self-tapping screws, and screws. Its great advantage is that it is self-contained, meaning there is no need for an outlet and the cords will not get in the way. It runs on a battery that is charged from the mains alternating current via an adapter (the battery charging process resembles the charging process mobile phone). After charging the battery, lightly pressing it, insert it into the handle of the tool.
The batteries are nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion. Which one should you choose? Nickel-cadmium is the cheapest, but toxic. Lithium-ion - environmentally friendly, but expensive. Nickel-metal hydride ones are intended for professionals who, as part of their duties, have to deal with repairs for a long time.
Replaceable tips, bits, are fixed in a three-jaw chuck manually no deeper than the top edge. To make it more convenient to hold the cartridge in your hands when attaching attachments, the cartridge is covered with ribbed rubber on top.
How to use a screwdriver? After the required nozzle is installed, put a self-tapping screw on the bit and place it on Right place, press the screwdriver button - the self-tapping screw is tightened.
The screwdriver can be used as a stand-alone electric drill. You cannot drill with it for a long time, as the battery discharges quickly. But it is quite possible to make several holes in the profile or drywall.
And yet, the main purpose of a screwdriver is to tighten screws without drilling a profile. With a certain force, the self-tapping screw will drill through both aluminum and even steel profiles.
On the tool, if necessary, there is a button for smoothly changing the speed and a reverse button if you need to unscrew the screw back.
The instructions instruct you to use a screwdriver after all settings have been made.
When the tool is turned on, you cannot adjust the frequency and direction of rotation of the tip (bit). It is necessary to protect the tool from water entering it. The room in which production will take place renovation work, should be well lit.
The screwdriver has successfully replaced not only various types of screwdrivers, but also wrenches and hex keys. This tool is also used instead of a drill. For builders and furniture makers, an electric screwdriver has become an indispensable assistant. There are always uses for it at home. The range on the market is presented great variety models. Despite the prevalence of screwdrivers in various fields of activity, not all users, especially beginners, know how to operate them. Proper Use, maintenance and storage of power tools will maximize their service life.
According to the feeding method, screwdrivers are divided into two types:
IN Lately Instruments with a combined feeding method are also appearing. They combine all the advantages of both varieties.
The external and internal design of network and battery models is almost the same. In general, a power tool consists of the following structural elements:
A number of models additionally equipped with backlight, which is constructively implemented different ways. Not every product has a speed controller and a power lock button. Corded electric screwdrivers have a power cord, while cordless ones have a charge storage unit installed instead.
Power tool body Most often they are made of plastic, much less often - from alloys of various metals. For convenience, it usually consists of 2 halves. Inside the case there are the following main parts:
Scheme electrical connections depends on the model.
The electric screwdriver can be equipped with chucks different types. The most widespread quick-release three-jaw version of this item. The cartridge also consists of individual parts which are shown in the photo below.
It should be taken into account that if the purpose of the screwdriver is highly specialized, then this may introduce some design changes.
Pworking principle both online and cordless screwdrivers the same. It lies in the fact that Electric Energy drives the electric motor. Through the gearbox and shaft, force and speed are transmitted from the motor to the attachment fixed in the chuck. She is already drilling a hole or screwing or unscrewing fasteners. A peculiarity of the process is that the electric motor in network models operates at an alternating voltage of 220 V, and in battery-powered ones - at a constant voltage, the value of which can be in the range from 3.5 V to 36 V.
Changing the attachment on a screwdriver is not difficult. The tool can be equipped with a quick-release chuck or a key-type chuck. Replace the equipment in both cases in a similar way. To remove the drill bit from the screwdriver with keyless chuck and insert a new or different type of equipment proceed as follows:
You can remove the drill bit from the screwdriver (or another attachment) by holding the moving part of the chuck with one hand and pressing the start button with the other. Just first switch the direction of rotation to unwinding.
When the drill driver is equipped with a chuck Full construction, then to change the equipment do this:
There are models in which you can remove one type of cartridge, for example, a quick-detachable one, and replace it with a turnkey analogue. When choosing any option, you need to focus not only on ease of use, but you should also consider the pros and cons of each of them. Thus, the key chuck securely clamps the equipment, which is important when drilling, and the quick-release chuck allows you to quickly replace it, even with one hand (the other holds the handle, pressing the start button as necessary).
Using a screwdriver correctly means performing with it only those operations that are indicated in the manual. operating instructions manufacturer of this product. The main types of work (by purpose) for this tool are:
Using a screwdriver for its intended purpose is the most common way to use this device, both at home and in construction, furniture production, electrical installation, car assembly and repair. The scope of application of the product is not limited to these areas: a drill-driver is useful wherever you need to work with fasteners (assemble, disassemble different designs, equipment, machines) and drill relatively small holes.
Region possible application A specific model is determined by which category it belongs to: household or professional. A tool designed for home use, is relatively cheap, has low power and torque. Household models have low performance, as well as limited functionality.
Drill driver from professional category has advanced functionality and high technical performance. This tool is designed for long-term, effective use for its intended purpose. It also has much wider possibilities for unconventional exploitation.
In addition to its direct purpose, an electric screwdriver is used to perform various non-traditional operations. These include the following types works:
This is far from a complete list of non-traditional work performed using battery-powered or corded models of electric screwdrivers. Inventive thought does not stand still. Almost every specialist has options for work that is atypical for this power tool.
Using a screwdriver, you can return your car to its original color and shine. To polish a car, use the following types of attachments:
Polishing pastes and polishes are also used along with the equipment. They come in these types:
Using similar means, headlights are polished.
The quality of the achieved result is determined the right combination attachments with polishing agents, as well as accuracy and skill in performing the work.
Knitting reinforcing bars using steel wire is very common in construction industry during the construction of reinforced concrete (monolithic) structures, for example, foundations, houses. Even if there is only a small amount of work to be done, working with a hand hook or pliers is quite unproductive. A cordless or corded electric screwdriver equipped with a hook attachment will help you knit reinforcement much faster. In this case, the power indicator of the tool is not particularly important.
Twisting the cut ends of the wires, for example, in distribution boxes - this is also quite routine work. You can speed up the process by using a screwdriver with a special attachment. How twisting is done is shown in the video below:
Electric screwdrivers are used to drill wood, metal, concrete and other materials. In this case, the functionality of the model used depends on its technical indicators: power, magnitude, torque, presence of shock operating mode, rotation speed. The operating instructions contain precise instructions on whether a particular material can be drilled with a screwdriver. It also provides the maximum diameter of the holes to be created, and in some cases, restrictions on depth.
Brick or concrete wall Only a sufficiently powerful drill/driver can drill. In most cases, such devices can operate in shock mode. But drilling into a concrete wall with a screwdriver, even an impact type, is quite problematic. This tool is suitable for one-time operations only. This labor-intensive work is best done with a hammer drill.
In soft woods even battery products from the household category are capable of creating holes with a cross-section of up to 20 mm. By using budget models from the rating of the best electric screwdrivers of 2017 drill various metals, including steel. In this case, the diameter of the holes can reach 10 mm.
To drill each material, a specific type of drill is used. The nozzles differ not only in the material from which they are made, but also in their design and sharpening.
When working with a tool, the rotating drill must enter the surface of the material perpendicular to it - this allows you to evenly distribute the load on the equipment and create more accurate holes.
When drilling metal It is recommended to first make a small depression in the center of the future hole using a core. This will prevent the drill bit from slipping on a smooth metal surface. If you need to make a hole enough large diameter, then you should pre-drill the smaller one. Also, when working with metal, it is recommended to regularly lubricate the nozzle with a special compound.
When using a drill-driver, you should keep in mind that you cannot apply strong pressure to it, because this will not only not speed up the work, but can also damage the drill, as well as the power tool itself. The effort must be constantly maintained at the same level. To avoid jamming or breaking the nozzle, you need to remove it from drilled hole only when rotating. If the drill still gets stuck, you can get it out by reversing it.
Drilling small parts It is recommended to perform them after securing them in a vice. If you have to make a through hole in a thin sheet of metal or in a thin one wooden blank, then you need to adjust even pieces of plywood or boards under them.
Both battery-powered and mains-powered models require periodic Maintenance and ongoing care. Together with proper storage and the absence of operational overloads, these factors allow you to extend the life of the screwdriver.
Quality care consists of the following:
Before you start using a new screwdriver, it is recommended that you first read the operating instructions for it from the manufacturer. It already indicates design features models, her specifications, suitable area of application, maintenance intervals, recommendations for transportation and storage. There are also safety rules that must be followed.
If, while working with the tool, there is a smell of melting plastic or insulation, smoke, uncharacteristic noise, or excessive vibration, then you should immediately stop using it.
When a product is under warranty, it is better to take it to a service center. Otherwise, you can try to repair it yourself.
A cordless drill-driver is a tool that must be present in the work kit of any home handyman. Its versatility allows you to easily perform work on both tightening and unscrewing various types of fasteners (screws, self-tapping screws, screws), as well as drilling holes.
Let's look at how a drill/driver works and understand the attachments and accessories.
Typically, such a tool is sold in special cases, where each part has its own place.
The drill/driver itself consists of a main tool and a removable battery, which is recharged from a household electrical outlet.
A special charger is used for charging. Charger, which comes with the set.
It is necessary to insert the battery into the device, observing the polarity (the corresponding “+” and “-” signs are placed on both the battery and the device), i.e. a plus is combined with a plus, and a minus is combined with a minus.
A glowing red diode on the device panel indicates that the charging process is in progress. This procedure lasts from 3 to 5 hours.
The rechargeable battery is protected from overcharging, so it can be left in the device and on longer time, but not more than 24 hours.
During charging, the battery and the device itself may become warm, but this does not indicate a malfunction.
The screwdriver comes with several types of bits with different shapes working edge.
Straight edge bits are designed to work with fasteners that have a single slot (spline). Depending on its length and depth, a suitable bit is selected.
The shape of the cross-shaped bit is selected in the same way - the width of the slot and the dimensions of the fastener head itself are taken into account here. For reliable operation, the edge of the bit must fit tightly into the splines, otherwise there is a risk of “licking off” the edges of the splines.
To attach the bat to the chuck, a special attachment with a magnetized holder is used, which prevents the structure from falling apart and reliably holds the bat in a variety of positions.
To secure the bit attachment, you need to unscrew the moving part of the chuck.
Insert the nozzle and screw the cartridge in until it stops.
There are also very convenient double-sided bits that can be fixed in a chuck without an attachment.
The drill has an adjusting ring for setting the torque, on which its values are marked.
This is necessary in order to set the most appropriate value when working with materials of different hardness.
For example, for screwing self-tapping screws into drywall (with little force), a value range of 2-4 is suitable, and for hard wood, the torque can be set to the maximum number on the ring.
This adjustment helps to avoid rapid damage to the fastener splines.
During operation, you can change the speed of rotation, increasing or decreasing the pressure on the trigger of the tool.
This allows you to stop the tool in time when the self-tapping screw or screw is fully tightened.
The design of the drill-screwdriver has a push-type switch with which you can change the direction of rotation of the chuck to tighten or unscrew the fastener.
There is a directional designation on both sides of the instrument near this switch. By pressing the switch, you can reverse.
It must be remembered that the direction of rotation can only be changed when the electric motor is completely stopped.
In the middle position, the switch blocks the operation of the tool. This locking is used while replacing bits or drills.
If necessary, the drill-driver chuck can be replaced. It must be borne in mind that it is fixed with a screw with a left-hand thread, which means it must be unscrewed clockwise.
This screw can be accessed through the front of the chuck.
The tool kit also includes a set of drills of different diameters. All of them are designed to work in relatively soft materials.
The drill bits are clamped in the chuck in the same way as a bit attachment (see photo above)
To care for the instrument, simply wipe its body with a damp cloth and then dry it; do not use household chemicals and solvents.
Freezing is not allowed battery.
Before starting work, you should make sure that all parts of the tool are in good condition;
After a long break in operation, the battery still discharges; in this case, it should be recharged;
It is necessary to make sure that there is no penetration in the drilling areas. electrical cable and water and gas pipelines are not laid;
When operating the tool, it is necessary to avoid frequent braking of the electric motor, this can damage the battery;
Be careful to check the polarity when connecting to the charger;
The first battery charge can last up to 12 hours;
Avoid getting moisture on the instrument body;
