Different kinds From time immemorial, cockroaches have lived in human homes; once the insect was considered a symbol of wealth, but now it is an unpleasant guest, causing a lot of trouble and spreading infection. What attracts them to our apartments? The answer is obvious. This is warmth and a lot of food, they cannot survive in winter natural conditions, and finding food is problematic.
Any cockroach living near a person has a whole set of features characteristic of any of the species:
How to recognize a cockroach
There are a great variety of insects in nature, and a person encountering a cockroach for the first time may not recognize the enemy by sight. How do you know that it is a cockroach? So, character traits insect:
The photo shows the types of cockroaches that may end up in an apartment.
Where do cockroaches come from?
Of the five thousand varieties of cockroaches, only a few of them live in houses and apartments in Russia. Why do they choose your apartment to live in? In each case the reason is individual:
Once at least one cockroach has entered the room, there is a high probability that their numbers will soon increase significantly. Often pests are found in clean rooms, do not forget that cockroaches are omnivores and can even eat paper.
How to find out that there are cockroaches in the house
It may not be possible to detect pests immediately if there are still a few of them. The neighborhood will become noticeable when they begin to manage your kitchen as if they were at home. There are signs by which you can determine the presence of cockroaches in a room:
Find out which cockroach has settled in your apartment
Cockroaches are the most common synatropic insects. But among several thousand species, not all live at home. The most common cockroach in our homes is the red cockroach, less often the black and American cockroaches. In the south and in the tropics, other species wander into houses, but they cannot be called synatropic; rather, they are random guests. Since the domestic cockroach looks different, depending on the variety, here is short description and photos of each of the common types.
Prusak - red cockroach
We looked at the common types of cockroaches living in apartments, but it is possible that you may come across a specimen that is not on this list.
Watch a video about the Madagascar hissing cockroach
Cockroaches are associated with nimble, nosy, tenacious insects, which, at any opportunity, strive to share living space with humans. No wonder the Russian proverb says that if there was a hut, there would be Prussians. However, domestic barbels are by no means the only representatives of the cockroach order. Scientists know more than 4,600 species of cockroaches. Some of them are very attractive and harmless insects with graceful wings, bright colors, and luxurious antennae.
Domestic cockroaches in the CIS countries are represented mainly by 2 species: black and red. The latter is distinguished by a brown shell, the size of which does not exceed 16 mm, and the ability to fly for short periods.
The variety of black cockroaches has become less and less common in apartments in recent decades. The emergence of new insecticides and competition with cockroaches in the apartment reduced the population size. Insects can live in residential premises, greenhouses, sewers, and mines. Often their colonies can be found in wildlife close to human habitation. The size of adult individuals sometimes reaches 8 cm. The insect received its name because of its black color. The species is distinguished by its ability to run quickly and lack flying skills.
Most people are disgusted and disgusted by even photos of domestic cockroaches. And here ethnoscience treats them very loyally, and suggests using black longhorned beetles to treat pyelonephritis, relieve asthma attacks, and get rid of worms. Official medicine is categorically against extraordinary therapy. The domestic cockroach is a carrier of helminth eggs, pathogens of dangerous diseases, so its benefits are very doubtful.
Interesting!
In Rus', cockroaches were considered a sign of prosperity, so when moving to a new place of residence, several individuals always had a place in their luggage.
With the exception of external characteristics, the red and black cockroaches have much in common. They do not tolerate moisture deficiency well and live in colonies. You can identify an insect nest by the presence large quantity empty ootheca, black small excrement, a large number of larvae.
All types of domestic cockroaches are very prolific. After mating, a special capsule with eggs is formed in the female’s body - an ootheca, which the expectant mother carries on herself for 2 to 5 weeks. Female Prussians show greater care for their offspring than black longhorned beetles and leave the ooteca only at the moment of full maturation of the larvae. Black cockroaches get rid of the capsule almost immediately. Prussians often take advantage of this negligence and eat the eggs, thereby destroying competitors at the maturation stage. See below for what domestic cockroaches look like in the photo, as well as their offspring.
Nymphs emerge from ripe eggs - small copies of their parents, only without wings. In red species, the period of transformation of a nymph into a sexually mature individual lasts 60 days. During this period, the nymph undergoes several moults. After shedding their shells, the small larvae look like white transparent insects, for which they are often called white cockroaches. After several days, the chitinous cover acquires its characteristic shade. The lifespan of adult redheads does not exceed 30 weeks.
Each female domestic cockroach favorable conditions can increase the number of colonies by 200 individuals.
This species of small cockroaches was recorded in the middle of the last century. The color and size of the body are very variable, which is why many descriptions have appeared under different names. Outwardly they look similar to their red “brothers”. They can be distinguished from Prussians by their more pronounced reddish color and the presence of two stripes running from the base of the abdomen. Furniture cockroaches also come in dark black shades. The length of an adult insect barely reaches 12 mm. Thanks to their developed legs, females and males move quickly and can jump.
The furniture look got its name because gastronomic preferences and habitats. These insects are not so demanding on the availability of water, so furniture cockroaches do not have nests near bathrooms and food blocks. They prefer foods containing starch and readily eat books, wallpaper paste, and any paper. Optimal conditions development – high humidity and temperature 28-30° C.
Among the cockroaches that live in warm climates, there are many interesting species.
Representatives of the Central Asian species are often called Vietnamese or. They live in the southern regions in houses, garbage cans, and landfills. They are found in the wild - they create their settlements between stones. The head is yellowish, red in color, the chitinous cover of the body is distinguished by a darker, rich brown hue. home distinctive feature Central Asian species - the ability to use wings and jump. They feed on waste and plants. IN Lately often bred in terrariums to feed reptiles.
This species lives in the Caucasus, Crimea, Central Asia. Males are distinguished by their brown color and developed wings. Females are wingless, their body shape resembles a turtle shell. The sizes of adult individuals vary between 2.5 - 4.5 cm. Habitat habitats - rodent burrows, as well as livestock farms and human habitation. They feed on feces and organic waste. They can live up to 100 days without food; lack of moisture is detrimental to them.
One female lays eggs 3 to 5 times during her life. One capsule contains from 12 to 18 eggs. Cockroach larvae molt several times; the maturation period lasts 2 years. Total duration The lifespan of an insect is 4 years.
View Egyptian cockroaches are a serious pest for livestock farming. These insects are eaten by animals and can cause paratyphoid fever. Scientists are seriously studying whether the Egyptian species of these insects are associated with outbreaks of meat poisoning that periodically occur in Central Asia.
These insects can surprise a lot when you get to know them more closely.
The American cockroach is recognized as the fastest among the family. This species is capable of running 75 cm in one second. The insect is very thermophilic and dies at temperatures below 0° C. The species is large in size – 5 cm in length. The color of the chitinous cover is from light red to brown. Powerful oral apparatus gnawing type allows you to bite through even the hardest materials. The species prefers to settle in huge colonies, the number of which can number in the tens of thousands, so the population is more often found in large buildings with optimal humidity and temperature.
A pregnant female cares little about her offspring; she carries the ootheca for no more than 2 days, after which she buries it in the substrate. Insects pay more attention to mating games. The female, ready to mate, releases special pheromones. The male, attracted by the smell, begins to circle around his “lady”, fluttering his wings.
Interesting!
The species of American cockroaches has one interesting feature. The eggs in the female's body can mature without fertilization.
Appearance The Madagascar hissing cockroach can touch not only a child, but also an adult. This variety has the largest dimensions - body length adult reaches 10 cm. Features of the respiratory system allow insects to make hissing sounds. "Madagascars" are viviparous species. The queen takes care of the babies after they appear. When other insects appear that pose a danger to the newborn larvae, the female begins to make loud hissing sounds.
The species of Madagascar cockroaches lives in forests and loves warmth and humidity. This is one of the few varieties that people specifically breed. Some people do this for aesthetic reasons or curiosity. Others raise “Madagascars” as food for lizards and snakes.
Exotic cockroaches are famous for their unusual colors. Such specimens are happily bred in terrariums.
It is distinguished by its large weight - 40 g and the ability to dig tunnels. It feeds on plant foods and, in its absence, is not averse to eating carrion.
In the photo of cockroaches, the checkerboard appearance immediately catches the eye. The coloring of its shell is identical to the chessboard. Lives in India, in daytime hides under fallen leaves and goes out at night in search of food. A species of green banana flying cockroaches was discovered relatively recently on banana plantations. The poisonous green color delights insect lovers.
The cockroach with the gentle nickname “little car” is the dream of any collector of unusual insects. Its appearance resembles a miniature car with its headlights on.
The most terrifying looking cockroach is the “death’s head”. Its body dimensions reach 5.5 cm, and on its back there is a pattern resembling a skull, which is why the insect got its formidable name. Feeds small insects, in the absence of food, willingly switches to eating its “brothers”.
Although the disgust caused by cockroaches is a very subjective thing. There are people who keep them as pets.
Why do cockroaches like to live with humans? Yes, because in our houses and apartments these insects always find food and are also protected from low temperatures (and in winter there is no need to fall into torpor, like “street” insects).
This is interesting! The colder the climate, the more cockroaches there are in human housing. So, in middle lane In Russia, the situation with domestic cockroaches is quite tolerable, but somewhere in Novy Urengoy it is simply a disaster.
Of course, most of us find these “neighbors” unpleasant. However, their original ecological purpose is very good - the destruction of organic residues (leftovers, garbage), cleansing environment.
All varieties of cockroaches, including “residents” of apartments or private houses, exhibit characteristics reproduction and development, as well as “habits” in lifestyle:
Interesting! The term “ootheca” is made up of two words: “oo-” - egg, “theka” - storage, box. The words “library” (a repository of books), a music library (a repository of sound recordings), and a card index (a box of cards) are formed using the same principle.
Usually two species inhabit human dwellings (you can read about the reasons and methods of penetration) - red and black cockroaches. To the south there are American, Central Asian, and Egyptian species of these insects.
Red cockroaches (common name - Prussians) are found in apartments and houses more often than all other types. And getting these tenants to move out is very difficult.
They feel great in barns, bathhouses, cottages, hospitals, catering outlets, private homes and high-rise buildings.
Red cockroaches eat all foods, both fresh and spoiled. They magically seep into bread bins, wall cabinets, and refrigerators. They are found even in food containers that are tightly closed!
Reproduce these individuals are very intense. Once mated with a male, a cockroach can lay eggs every two weeks for the rest of its life. That's about 15 times 20 eggs. To ruin the life of the apartment owners, one such female and her offspring are enough.
If cockroaches accidentally look into your home and unexpectedly find it comfortable, get rid of uninvited guests it'll be hard. Warmth, dampness, darkness, as well as accessible food are excellent conditions for cockroach comfort and vital activity.
Red cockroach (Prusak)
The main mistake housewives make is trying to starve cockroaches and themselves by endlessly cleaning up the slightest crumb.
Important! Cockroaches can live without food for 20 days or more. In addition, they are able to satisfy their hunger with anything, for example, soap, ficus in a pot, wallpaper, books.
Much more effective would be male intervention - fixing all leaking taps, pipes, replacing plumbing, in a word, completely destroying available sources of moisture. After all, water is much more important than food for cockroaches. They cannot live in dry places.
Another frequent visitor to our house is the black cockroach. It can reach 3 centimeters in length and color ranges from black to dark gray. These individuals emit their own special and very unpleasant odor.
This is interesting! The black cockroach is not able to climb to the upper floors (starting from the sixth). For this reason, apartments on the first floors suffer from its invasion.
Black cockroaches are omnivores, especially respecting the contents of the trash can. They are very similar to their red-haired counterparts in lifestyle, but, fortunately, they do not reproduce so quickly.
Fact! The colonization of a living space by black cockroaches is a signal of unsatisfactory sanitary conditions.
The black cockroach is a frequent guest in residential areas
It is important! According to scientists, pathogens of dangerous diseases, such as Vibrio cholerae and E. coli, can be carried by black cockroaches.
However, for residents of the southern regions, black cockroaches pose virtually no danger. After all, there they do not enter the home, but live “on the street,” under stones and in other natural shelters.
The opinion that white cockroaches are independent species, has long been established among ordinary people. In fact, such a species does not exist. It's just that cockroaches molt several times during their lives. At the same time, they shed the old, cramped shell, and the new chitin is light, almost transparent. Over time, its shade darkens and the cockroach becomes red (or black).
Despite the name of the species, its homeland is tropical Africa. This “nomad” entered Europe and America with merchant ships carrying food.
It is very easy to distinguish it from the Prussians: it is larger, its body is oval, its shell looks like folded wings, its color is brown. Important Feature American - absolute intolerance to cold. Even zero temperature completely kills these arthropods.
It is important! Unlike other species, the American cockroach can be aggressive - attacking and biting pets and even people.
This species is common in the southern regions of Russia and the Central Asian republics. It can inhabit both residential premises and outbuildings for livestock (cowsheds, sheepfolds, stables, pigsties). In general, he is not picky about his surroundings. Eats dry leaves, animal droppings, and other organic debris.
Egyptian cockroaches are easily recognizable by their appearance. They are black, shiny, and reach several centimeters in length.
There is no danger. Trouble can only be caused by its numbers. These cockroaches are often bred as food for lizards and other terrarium inhabitants.
White cockroach
These cockroaches were first discovered in central lane Russia. This was about half a century ago. And to this day, furniture cockroaches remain indestructible.
Their chitin is bright red in color. The wings of furniture cockroaches are transparent and have dark stripes.
Apartments are often shared with red cockroaches. The Prussians are left with the kitchens, and they themselves live in offices, bedrooms and other rooms, living up to their name.
In the southern regions of our country there is a Central Asian species of cockroach. It is easy to recognize by its appearance - a yellow head and an almost black belly.
In addition, these pests are excellent jumpers. Where the length of their jump is not enough, they spread their wings and take off.
Some cockroach species are happily kept as exotic pets.
Furniture cockroach
Let's not forget about cockroaches-athletes . Some people keep these insects for speed racing. For racing you need a 1.5 meter table with special glass tracks. The race consists of 6 qualifying distances and one final. The athletes are the Madagascan cockroaches. They are large, they are clearly visible to the audience. Both males and females compete.
When cockroaches are not racing, they eat and reproduce. There is no need for them to train; insects already move quickly.
Cockroaches run along glass paths just like that, without bait. But to make it more interesting for the audience, the organizers came up with help for the chosen leader. You can urge the runner on by tapping the table with a stick; you can also use it to gently push the insect if it has stopped for some reason. It is also not prohibited to shout, whistle and blow at a cockroach.
Of course, this type of “sport” violates the green rules regarding animals. But the organizers of the races treat cockroaches with care and do not maim them.
Cockroaches are often raised as food. The owners of terrariums do this, and on an industrial scale, food from cockroaches is consumed by pig and fish farms, mainly in China.
Common stern view - marble cockroach s. This is the favorite food of the inhabitants of terrariums: tarantulas, amphibians, lizards, some turtles and snakes. Such insects reproduce and grow quickly. The adult size is 2–3 cm. Feed future food it is necessary in sufficient quantity and variety. Be sure to give them fruits and some vegetables. Cockroaches cannot become nutritious food if they only ate sawdust.
How to treat the inhabitants of a terrarium to cockroaches? Before serving, it is better to tear off a couple of their legs or hand the food to your favorite snake using tweezers. Otherwise, nimble comrades can escape even along a glass wall.
The Chinese, as always, are at the forefront of science and practice. There are more than 400 cockroach farms in the country. Insects are raised to feed poultry, fish, pigs, and even humans. The object of breeding is most often the American cockroach. It is dried and acquires a pleasant taste, reminiscent of fish. The business is very profitable, because cockroaches are omnivores. They can be kept on a diet of even rotten wood.
Egyptian cockroaches
In one province of this country, cockroaches are used as a waste treatment plant. Imagine: hordes of these insects quickly destroy all the organic waste coming to them through the pipes. Then the fat, well-fed arthropods themselves go to feed pigs and fish. They also serve as raw materials for the production of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
Every year, a mass of articles by Chinese scientists in scientific journals confirms medicinal properties cockroach products. For example, products prepared on their basis activate the process of regeneration of organs and tissues, provide a rejuvenating effect, and cure stomach ulcers and gastritis.
Chinese cuisine contains many recipes for cockroach dishes. After all, these insects contain three times more protein than poultry meat.
As we see, cockroaches lived together with people and live now in very different capacities. Someone destroys them, someone breeds them, and some peoples eat them.
How do you feel about cockroaches? Write in the comments.
The cockroach is considered an arthropod insect and is included in the superorder of cockroaches from the order Cockroaches. In Latin it is called - Blattoptera, Blattodea.
However, the Russian version of the word Cockroach is difficult to explain. A small part of etymologists came to the conclusion that they began to be called, therefore, due to the phrase “tar-aqan”, which originates from the Chuvash language. Its approximate meaning is to denote someone running away. And based on the Turkic - “taz” means “to run away”.
They are distinguished by a flattened body based on an oval shape, with a total length of 1-10 cm, sometimes more than this size. The abdomen of this insect is created by many tergites in the form of dorsal segments.
Females have 7 of them, and males have about 8-10. The abdomen ends with cerci, for the most part they are formed in a segmented manner. Most cockroaches are distinguished by a light shade of general body color, and have elytra based on yellow or brown tint. Dark or black ones are much less common.
The elytra of this insect are particularly dense. Some species are distinguished by their front or rear shortened wings; wingless representatives of these insects are known. There are varieties that can make short flights.
All cockroaches have 6 legs. Spikes may be found on the thighs or lower legs. Their legs are distinguished by excellent development; they have five-membered paws, making them very comfortable while moving.
The American cockroach is capable of running 75 cm in one second. Due to these characteristics, it is difficult to catch a cockroach with your hands. This insect is capable of changing direction about 25 times within a second.
Its head is flat and at the same time triangular or heart-shaped. The front backrest is almost different flat shape and expressed by a shield, has big sizes, some types are presented with transparent edge options.
Their jaws are quite developed, of the gnawing type, with many teeth formed by chitin. The mouth part is always directed downwards.
It has large eyes, it has 2 simple ocelli, wingless species are mostly distinguished by atrophied eyes, and cave species generally do not have them.
Has sensitive, long-shaped mustaches, sometimes they exceed total length bodies, look like bristles, with big amount members.
The male has reproductive organs in the form of a genital plate, represented by the ninth abdominal sternite. In females, you can find a hidden version of the ovipositor, as well as edema in the form of a protein version of the capsule, which is necessary for the maturation of the offspring.
The lifespan of a cockroach lasts approximately 4 months, however, in some species it can last up to 4 years.
They are phenomenally resilient, as they are able to fast for about a month without noticeable problems for the body’s vitality. But when the cockroach does, it discovers large spaces with food, it is able to feed on almost all types of food due to the excellent development of its oral adaptations.
The female of this insect can absorb approximately 30-50 grams of any type of food per day, and males consume approximately half as much.
The cockroach is classified as a nocturnal type of insect; it usually hunts for any food in the dark period of the day until the first rays of the sun appear. For the most part, they bite off small pieces of food they notice because they want to discover the type of food that is most suitable for them.
The favorite types of food of this insect include all baked goods, pure sugar and other sweet culinary products. But they are able to eat meat and various cereals, virtually all vegetables and fruits of varying freshness.
If there is no food, they can consume paper, carpentry or shoe glue, book binding, fabric, various versions of garbage and other organic options.
Some people like to keep cockroaches as pets, however, most of us want to know how to get rid of them. Exotic species are usually bred rather than ordinary domestic ones, which are considered dangerous pests because they can carry many diseases.
Humanity has been fighting them in their homes for a long time, however, for the most part they win, since over time they return to any living space.
People want to quickly and preferably get rid of their unpleasant presence forever. Usually various poisons are used for this, however, there are other quite effective ways to do this.
Professionals advise fighting cockroaches with cleanliness!
This insect is considered a sign of unsanitary conditions in a living space. They love to settle in dirty living spaces that have not been cleaned for a long time. Various debris and dirt are considered excellent conditions for successful life this insect.
Even constant harassment will not help get rid of them for a long time, because of this, the basis of the fight against them should be cleanliness in the room.
Experts advise organizing a small renovation in order to bring cosmetic cleanliness to the room in order to identify and neutralize all their habitats. Usually they are located in difficult-to-reach corners of rooms under baseboards, floors, and behind the walls of household appliances.
Try to examine all bedside tables and mezzanines to get rid of any debris found in them. This could be anything that cockroaches can use as food. It is necessary to tightly close any food products, even chips, seeds, and sugar bowls.
Regularly wiping down counters before night and getting rid of crumbs will help get rid of these insects as they lose access to food.
Get rid of residual water on tables or other surfaces!
It is very important to leave cockroaches without water. Presence of small drops on various surfaces will help them last quite a long time. Without water, these insects do not last as long as they do without food.
The folk method of dealing with these neighbors is simple. The natural characteristics of cockroaches do not allow them to live in frost starting from -5 degrees.
To get rid of them completely or cause noticeable damage to their population, it is necessary to open all windows for a while in winter. Residents may be at work, school, kindergarten or just take a walk.
Many people would be curious to know the types of cockroaches that operate in their kitchens. They study their habits and reproductive characteristics. And there is only one reason for such curiosity: the desire to find out everything about pests in order to find the most effective way getting rid of them.
But there are enthusiasts who specifically breed cockroaches in their homes. Some people are seriously into it, others feed these insects to their pets, and a third considers the cockroaches themselves to be their favorite pets.
In the huge diversity of the Cockroach Suborder, every terrariumist can find a species of individuals to his liking. Indeed, today scientists already know more than 4.5 thousand species of cockroaches. And this is not the limit, as entomologists continue to discover new species.
In Russia and neighboring countries there are a little more than fifty species of cockroaches. In his home a man with most likely can see only some representatives of this group of insects. Surely, someone will recognize the inhabitants of their own homes in the photos below.
Red cockroach, or Blattella germanica:
One angrily calls him a Prusak, and the other quite peacefully calls him “Stasik”. This look has taken root in apartments thoroughly. The apartments provide simply ideal conditions for his prosperity. Warm all year round, and there is always something to profit from. This is what attracts them.
They came up with an affectionate nickname for him - “car guy”. The creature looks original. A light stripe goes around the entire black body of the cockroach, short light elytra, and males also have bright yellow spots on the pronotum. The insect is very reminiscent of a tiny car with burning headlights.
Therea Bernhardti, or Chess cockroach:
This handsome guy is considered the cutest of the cockroach army. The contrasting black and white coloring is somewhat reminiscent of the appearance of a predatory ground beetle, shooting at its offenders with a liquid with a pungent odor. This similarity serves as a kind of protection for the cockroach. In its homeland, India, it has enemies, so during the day the insect hides under stones and tree roots, and at night it searches for food.
And another cockroach, Blaberus craniifer, has a rather strange appearance and has an intriguing name - “Death's Head”:
The image on the pronotum of the insect is somewhat reminiscent of a mask worn on Halloween.
Cockroaches have their own record holders. The largest is the Madagascar hissing cockroach, or Gromphadorrhina portentosa. This type of cockroach is rightly called giant, as the photograph clearly demonstrates:
Yellow-brown individuals, capable of growing up to 10 cm, amaze not only with their impressive size, but also with their unexpected habits. Cockroaches of this species are capable of emitting a threatening hiss. In fact, there is nothing unusual about this sound. This is a kind of powerful exhalation.
At the moment of danger, the insect's abdomen contracts, sharply squeezing air through the breathing holes. Such expressions of masculinity are effective against potential enemies, as well as less fortunate rivals in mating games. Defending the right to a female and territory, cockroaches stage real fights, as a result of which someone may well end up without a paw or without an antennae.
The heaviest type of cockroaches is shown in the photo below:
This is the Australian burrowing rhinoceros cockroach, Macropanesthia rhinoceros. In size it may be inferior to its African relative, but in mass it has no equal. Some specimens weighed 37 grams. This value is comparable to the weight of an average sparrow. The insect, as the name suggests, is capable of digging tunnels up to a meter long in the ground. This species cockroaches hold another record. Rhinoceroses are the longest-lived insects, living up to 10 years.
Individuals of this species can rightfully be called the only flying cockroaches. When the insect unfolds its wings, it becomes truly huge, reaching 20 cm in width.
It has been written and said hundreds of times that the ancestors of the Cockroach order are older than dinosaurs. The appearance of modern cockroaches has undergone minor changes since the Carboniferous period, and their lifestyle also remains the same.
Evolution has affected the reproductive system of insects. In the distant past, cockroaches had an ovipositor, which made it possible to lay eggs inside the substrate and leave them there almost to their fate. This entailed the death of most of the offspring.
Later, edema appeared, a protective capsule for the eggs. And some species of cockroaches that exist in the third millennium carry the ootheca with them, parting with it immediately before the larvae emerge, and some even experience viviparity. Caring for the younger generation has allowed cockroaches to more effectively preserve their species.
From time to time, new species of cockroaches are discovered that have not previously come to the attention of entomologists. Insects evolve, adapt to new environmental conditions, to poisons. Who knows,
