Without moisture there is no life. Every person knows this. Accordingly, not a single plant can exist without water. This means that the plant requires necessary watering, which will be discussed in this article.
Calamus, azalea, cyperus and aloe require overwatering
Everyone knows that each plant requires individual care, and accordingly, everyone’s need for moisture is different. Plants are no exception. But even among avid people there are people who lose their pets because of improper watering. Before purchasing any plant, you need to study the conditions under which it is kept. It is necessary to know in advance all the strengths and weak sides flower that was purchased.
There are several conventional categories of indoor flowers, divided by frequency and type of watering:
All of the above applies to the period of flowering and plant growth, that is, from April to November. IN winter period all actions related to watering should be reduced by 2-3 times.
In winter, the metabolism of many plants becomes slower
Winter is the dormant season for most indoor plants. During such a period, the consumption of nutrients by any representatives of the flora is reduced, as their metabolism becomes slow. This circumstance makes intensive care of plants of any kind in winter unnecessary.
Heating is turned on in apartments and houses in winter. The air becomes dry, but watering will not help cope with this problem. The best way out is to spray the flowers, humidify the air, and periodically ventilate. But, at the same time, you must avoid drafts and sharp cold gusts of wind.
A frequently asked question: “How to water flowers?” many people are haunted by it. Often inexperienced flower growers lose their temper and, seeing slightly dried soil in a pot, begin to water their plants abundantly. But a lot depends on the soil.
Peat soil dries out quickly. If its top layer is 1 cm dry, then watering is required. If the soil is not peaty, then watering is necessary when the soil has dried more than 2 cm deep. In this case, the preferences of the plant itself should be taken into account.
Often, covering the plant with a damp, clean cloth or gauze can prevent it from drying out. upper layers soil, maintain the necessary moisture and save the flower from death.
Most indoor flowers in winter should be watered no more than 2 times a month. Only blooming heat-loving plants require regular watering. But everyone’s favorite cacti and succulents, sometimes overwintering on glassed balcony at temperatures no higher than +8 degrees, water only a couple of times during the winter. Bulbous plants that retire and shed their leaves are not watered or fed at all in winter.
Houseplants need water in winter room temperature
In winter, indoor plants are watered only with water heated to room temperature, that is, not lower than +17 degrees. To do this, let the tap water sit for several hours by pouring it into containers and allowing it to warm up. Watering is done at the root.
Many tropical tender plants, for example, arrowroot, selaginella, must be sprayed with a spray bottle in winter. These representatives of the flora are accustomed to moisture and high humidity, but do not tolerate intensive watering.
There is a special rule for watering plants: in summer they are watered in the evening, in winter - watered in the morning.
You can learn how to water plants in winter from the following video:
It is impossible to overwater or flood flowers, this will lead to death. The following signs are considered the main signs and indicators of the “bay” of a plant:
It is difficult to save such a plant, but there is a possibility. To do this, the flower is completely removed from the pot along with the root ball of earth. Dry the plant for 2-4 days and then plant it again in the pot. If the roots are rotten, they are removed by cutting them to a healthy place.
Adhering to the basic rules of watering and care indoor plants at any time, you can extend the life of your favorite flowers for many years. Give them a little care and attention, and they will thank you with their beauty, originality, eternal youth and amazing colors.
Caring for plants in winter different from summer. It is during the autumn-winter period that plants first leaves are falling, they wither and die for various reasons.
Many gardeners lose their plants during this period. Let's look at the reasons why plants die in winter and autumn.
With the onset of cold weather, you need to be especially attentive to indoor plants. Already in the fall, their conditions of detention change. It's getting colder at home, the days are getting shorter, and the plants are getting... less light. Some flowers move from the open air (from the street) home and therefore the global climate immediately changes for them. Then in winter they turn on the heating and the hot air can completely destroy them.
How to save plants in winter? There are many nuances here. Of course, depending on the type of plant, it requires its own conditions, but there are general rules, without which plants can easily die during this period of the year.
When cooler weather sets in, you need to monitor watering; in the fall, it is usually reduced. If you continue to water the plants as usual, then the lump of earth will not have time to dry out, which will cause the death of the root system, and therefore the death of the plant itself. It is very dangerous to water plants in the autumn-winter period if the top layer of soil is still wet. This is not summer, when water can quickly evaporate in a day and the soil can dry out under the rays of the sun.
Moreover, plants wither equally from both overwatering and dry soil, and with the heating appliances turned on in winter, the latter is very likely. This means that when the heat is turned on, the watering regime is changed again.
The soil of plants can be different, lighter or heavier, and it dries out differently. This also needs to be taken into account when watering. In general, we monitor the uniformity of watering and water the plants as the earthen clod dries out.
Water for irrigation should be at room temperature, since cold water can also cause root rot. Except that azalea and cyclamen love ice water.
Both are not good. You need to prepare in advance for the onset of frost, I’m talking about windows. It is necessary to seal the cracks and close the windows.
It might even be possible to build structures that redirect cold air when airing past the flowers. Or move the flowers to other windows where the windows will not open.
If the windows are plastic, then do not be fooled that a small micro-ventilation gap will not harm the plants.
The flowers will immediately tell you that this is not so, or rather they will die from the frosty air, hanging their frozen leaves. Or the soil in the pots will get cold and the roots of the plants will rot. Sub-zero temperatures and indoor plants are not compatible.
When to turn it on central heating- This is another test for indoor plants, many of which are native to the tropics and require moist air. Some measures will help to slightly change the “desert” environment and create humidity. You can place the plants on trays with damp moss, or fill the trays with pebbles, expanded clay, and fill them with water so that the bottom of the pot does not touch the water. Alternatively, place containers of water between the plants. Water evaporating will increase the humidity around the plants. The easiest way is to spray the plants. Spraying is carried out regularly. Preferably in daytime so that the leaves of the plants are already dry by the evening, when it gets colder on the windows. To prevent hot, dry air from falling directly on the plants, you can attach a wide cardboard to the radiator, which will shift the flow of rising heat away from the plants. Hot, dry air also contributes to the activation of pests, so it is possible that you will need to treat the plants with appropriate preparations once or twice during the winter.
Temperature and rest period
Many plants begin a dormant period in winter. They slow down and stop growth altogether. Such plants require lower air temperatures for wintering, usually 16-18°C and very limited watering. Therefore, such plants are placed as close to the glass as possible, and maybe even fenced off from warm room film. If the window sill is warm, then such plants are isolated from it by placing cardboard or polystyrene foam. They also ventilate the room more often, excluding, of course, cold air from directly hitting the plants.
Some bulbous and tuberous plants generally go dormant. Watering them is gradually reduced, and then stopped completely when the leaves die off. These are, for example, hippeastrum, gloxinia.
Certain plants are deciduous, such as fuchsia, hydrangea, and fig. After they have leaves are falling They are watered very moderately, one might say occasionally, and normal watering is resumed when new leaves and shoots begin to grow.
One of the problems of keeping plants in winter is the contrast in temperatures between the above-ground and underground parts of the plant, or, more simply, the leaf and root parts. In the natural subtropical conditions native to many plants, the temperature of the soil and the outside air is almost the same. What happens in our country during the winter? Often the plant stands on a cold windowsill, and the upper part of the plant gets too much water. warm air from heating system devices, which is 8-10 degrees higher than normal room temperature. With such a contrast, it is very difficult for the plant; it does not know “how to behave.” At high temperature air the plant needs more moisture and the nutrients it must take from the soil. But our land is cold, root system Not only does it not develop, but it is also unable to provide the required nutrients to the plant in the required volume, since the absorption of water by the roots in cold soil decreases. Thus, by watering the plant, we do not get the desired effect; additional watering in this case will not only not help the plant, but will also aggravate the situation, simply leading to rotting of the roots in the cold soil, the plant will wither and die.
If you have a similar situation, then you need to try to equalize the temperatures, to do this, if possible, isolate the plant from both excessive cold and excess heat. To reduce the cold, as mentioned earlier, you need to insulate the windows, plug and seal all the cracks if your windows are wooden. Then insulate the pots with plants from the cold window sill by laying an insulating layer (this can be planks, polystyrene foam, cardboard, foam rubber, in extreme cases, thick rugs and newspapers, or maybe special plastic shelves, in general, you can show your ingenuity). You can also protect yourself from the hot air of batteries in several ways. Move the plant away from the edge of the window sill, redirect the air from the radiator towards the room away from the window, or make a fence of plastic film at 2/3 of the height of the plant. But since it will still not be possible to completely equalize the temperatures of the soil and air, reducing the intensity of watering in winter and spraying the plant from above more often will help it.
A mistake may be replanting plants before winter and intensively fertilizing indoor plants in winter. Since many plants slow down their growth in winter and go into a dormant state, their need for nutrients is reduced, which means they do not require additional nutritious soil for growth, and even more so for feeding. Continuing to intensively feed plants, we simply accumulate fertilizers in the soil, which can negatively affect the plant. Either the plant will try to grow and bloom in unfavorable conditions that are not seasonal for the flowering of this plant, it will weaken, and in the spring - summer period will not be able to fully develop and bloom. Give the plants a rest.
For plants that are able to grow and bloom all year round It’s just that fertilizing is done much less frequently (for example, instead of 2-3 times a month, once a month) and lighter solutions of fertilizers are made, with lower concentrations.
Well, for those plants that bloom in winter, of course, they need abundant, regular watering, spraying and proper fertilizing. To different plants in winter suited individually.
plant lighting
In winter, the days are much shorter and plants suffer from lack of light. For those plants that rest during this period, place them closer to the glass, to daylight will be quite sufficient.
Plants that are not so demanding of light will survive this period calmly even in the summer, for example, aglaonema, fern, monstera, etc.
For those plants that love light, it would be useful to provide additional lighting for at least 1-2 hours in the morning and evening, extending the daylight hours to at least 10-12 hours.
For plants flowering at this time, it is necessary to provide at least 12 hours of daylight per day. For example, violets require 14 hours of daylight for full flowering. They can grow perfectly on special racks with fluorescent lamps located at a distance of 20 cm above the plants, especially since a cold windowsill is not suitable for them at all.
There are recommendations for helping plants using special preparations. This is a natural stimulator of chlorophyll formation when there is a lack of sunlight - HB-101. There are also biofertilizers “Siyanie-9″ and “Shine-10″, which promote the growth of beneficial microflora in the soil and prevent its salinization with minerals.
Following the general rules for creating more favorable conditions plants in winter and helping them survive, do not forget about an individual approach to each type of plant, each requires its own temperature, the required amount of light, a certain watering plants. And to do this, study the conditions of keeping each of your pets (taking into account the characteristics of your apartments, they are also very different), follow them and the plants will thank you, delighting you with the beauty of healthy leaves and subsequently lush flowering.
Love your plants. Good luck to you.
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Caring for indoor plants in winter: useful tips
Caring for indoor plants in winter is no less important than in spring - when most green spaces awaken - or in summer, which is the main time of flowering. Late autumn plants begin a dormant period, and at this time they need to be provided with a number of conditions.
Start preparing flowers for winter better in autumn: if some plants do not stop growing, then next season they will lose their attractiveness or ability to bloom.
Before wintering, plants are treated with fungicides and insecticides to prevent possible infection by fungi or pests. If you do not want to use pesticides, then wipe the leaves and stems with a cloth soaked in soapy water, making sure that water does not leak to the roots. We repeat the procedure after a week.
Remove all dry, damaged leaves. Due to dry indoor air, the green parts often turn yellow and are susceptible to pest invasion, so cleaning procedures will have to be repeated many times.
Some types of plants go completely dormant, so we stop feeding them and gradually reduce watering.
With gloxinia and caladium, you can do the following: stop watering them, wait until the leaves die, after which the tubers are dried, cleaned, placed in moss and stored in a cool place (basement, cellar).
If for some reason it was not possible to move the plants for the winter, you will have to provide them with additional lighting and moisture - that is, give them the opportunity to go through all stages of the growing season. Callas, eucharis, cyclamen will also have to be fed, since in autumn and winter - usual time for their flowering.
We provide those plants that are not put to rest with additional light and moisture. Phyto- and fluorescent lamps, fixed at a certain height, will solve this problem. As a rule, they are installed at right angles.
Turn on artificial lighting just to extend the day. Flowers usually require 12-14 hours of sun exposure.
During the cold season, most green pets do not need much water. When and how much we determine depending on the type of plant - you can create your own schedule for this.
How can you tell if a plant needs water? To do this, we inspect the soil by touch: if it has dried to a depth of 2-3 centimeters, then water the flower. For succulents, the soil must dry completely - only after that they will require a little moisture.
In winter, the soil in pots becomes hard and dries out immediately after watering. We make sure that the earth does not turn into one big lump near the roots, otherwise the water will pass through, straight into the pan.
We arrange warm shower: let the soil saturate life-giving moisture, and clean the leaves from dust. By the way, this procedure will help the greenery better absorb sunbathing.
Before removing the plants to their usual place, make sure that there is no excess water left, thereby preventing rotting of the roots.
We spray the plants and loosen the soil - this way they absorb moisture better. The exception is. We install them on pallets with wet pebbles.
You cannot water flowers with cold water; it should be the same temperature as the room, or a little warmer.
Providing comfort to indoor plants is an important task for amateur gardeners. Wiping the leaves from dust, and giving some green pets a cleansing shower is just a small part of the work. Flowers are delicate creatures that are afraid of drafts and sudden temperature changes.
A window sill, especially a south-facing one, is ideal for receiving sufficient light, but the presence of radiators and fluctuations in heat and cold (emanating from the cracks of the windows) contribute to the withering of plants. A humidifier and sealed windows will help solve this problem.
The leaves should not come into contact with the glass, and it would be good to arrange the pots in such a way that there is some distance between them - it is better for the plants not to touch each other.
Heat-loving flowers (these are orchids, calatheas, schefflera, a coffee tree) we are looking for a place not on the windowsill - here they will feel bad.
If the green pets have begun to fade, then it’s time to insulate them. This can be done by using foam padding under the pots. During severe cold weather, we close the windows with blankets or wooden shields.
Plastic containers are warmer than clay ones. This is worth considering with some plants. Ceramic pots can be temporarily wrapped in warm cloths.
Plants in winter are very careful, much less often than in summer. We feed those that bloom from the appearance of buds until the end of flowering. The rest - once every three to four weeks.
We make weak solutions. Plants well absorb water in which meat was washed, milk was found, or beets were boiled.
Sick and recently transplanted flowers do not need to be fertilized.
At proper care Orchids, jasmine, roses, fuchsias, and primroses will surprise you with their blooming attire.
Cyclamen will delight almost the entire season with its butterfly flowers.
Poinsettia, Decembrist in winter is blessed with flowering in the coldest time - in the middle of winter.
For Have a good mood At this time of year it is worth purchasing an azalea - indoor rhododendron envelops you in a luxurious cloud of inflorescences.
In January, lilies of the valley, hyacinths, tulips and daffodils, grown by forcing, ripen.
All these plants have a dormant period in summer. But even in cold weather they prefer more low temperatures what we love. Only good care looking after indoor plants in winter will give us the opportunity to admire them.
If you carefully treat flowers in winter and create the necessary microclimate for them, you will be able to preserve and multiply them decorative look and prepare to meet spring.
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Daylight hours are becoming shorter, day and night temperatures are lower, nature is preparing for the winter seasonal dormancy. At this time, plants accumulate strength for flowering, growth and development in the new season. If you try to artificially maintain active life processes, this will not go unnoticed: many plants refuse to bloom without a dormant period, and some will deteriorate irrevocably appearance, and still others are generally unable to live without a pause.
The first thing to do in the fall, before sending the plants for winter, is to treat them with insecticides, acaricides and fungicides, even if there are no visual signs of damage to the plants. Further actions will depend on the type of plant. But the following statement is true for everyone: “Gradually reduce the frequency of watering and stop fertilizing”. To keep things simple, indoor plants can be divided into three main groups. (Table 1)
The question “How often, with what water and in what way should I water indoor plants?” There is no short and clear answer. There are many capricious plants that are very picky about pH, mineral and salt composition and other aspects of water quality, the method of watering, and the amount of water, but these are topics for separate articles. Today we will talk about how to meaningfully water the most common plants without tedious filtration, collecting melt and rain water and other manipulations.
Many chemical compounds (nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, fluorine, chlorine) pose a danger to plants; chlorine compounds occupy one of the first places. Under the influence of chlorine, spots appear on plant leaves white that dry out and crumble. The maximum permissible concentration of chlorine is 0.15-0.20% for plants, while for humans it is 4-5%. If the water in your region is heavily chlorinated, let it sit for at least a day to free it from volatile chlorine compounds. In the Moscow region at the moment the quality tap water high enough and suitable for watering the vast majority of common houseplants.
First of all, two main questions need to be answered.
First: which group does the plant belong to in terms of water needs? (Table 2.1.)
Second: what cycle of seasonal development is the plant in? (Table 2.2)
Defoliation (leaf fall) observed only in living plants. The leaves of a cut branch dry out and do not fall off. Natural defoliation is a complex mechanism for preparing a plant for a seasonal dormant period. Under the influence of ethylene formed in the plant, the processes of formation of organic substances change, the amount of breakdown products of proteins and other compounds transported from sheet plate into the petiole, this causes the cells of the separating layer to separate at the base of the leaf - and the leaf falls off. Thus, the plant, in preparation for slowing down internal processes, reduces the area of nutrition and evaporation, and also gets rid of what has become unnecessary and used up. life cycle material.
Interestingly, in tropical countries, where the temperature does not fall below +20 °C all year round, winter months Plants also have a dormant period. It is not as deep as plants middle zone Russia, but it is necessary for plants.
Beginners should focus on the turgor of the vegetative mass of a plant to determine “is it time to water?” is not necessary, since wilting or yellowing of the leaves can be a symptom of both drying out and overmoistening of the earthen clod. (Table 3)
It is best to place potted plants in the bathtub and water them generously from the shower warm water, let the water drain, then return the pots to their place. In addition to uniformly wetting the earthen clod, this method allows you to regularly clean the leaves and stomata of dust. The fact is that carbon dioxide, necessary for the process of photosynthesis, penetrates into the plant through the stomata, and dust clogs them, which negatively affects the development of the plant.
Occasionally, you can use a hot shower (+40...+50 C°) for watering; this stimulates the plant to grow, but you should not overuse it.
Do not allow excess water to stagnate in the pan after watering, otherwise you will not avoid root rot, the spread of fungus gnats, weakening of the plant as a whole, and even death.
Do not practice scanty but frequent watering - the earthen lump should be moistened evenly and abundantly; if it is overdried, it is not wetted; water often simply flows along the perimeter of its abutment to the walls of the pot, without moistening the soil.
Don't water cold water, this is always a big stress for the plant. It will slow down its growth, drop its buds, and during the dormant period, if watered with cold water, it may even die. The water temperature for irrigation should be slightly above room temperature.
Do not water plants with a solution of fertilizers or chemicals over a dry earthen ball, this can lead to burns of the root system and its necrosis; be sure to water well before treatment.
