Almost all representatives of the fair sex have painted their lips with lipstick at least once in their lives. And many men often use this product - a hygienic analogue, without coloring pigments. has become firmly established modern man. But who invented it and when? And what was lipstick made from in ancient times? Probably, the composition of this cosmetic product was very different from the modern one. After all, now synthetic substances are introduced into lipstick to fix the color pigment, create a film on the lips that protects against moisture loss, and add radiance and shine. In this article we will tell you how and what lipstick is made from in a factory, and whether it can be repeated technological process at home. We will also make a short historical excursion into the world of perfumery of antiquity and the Middle Ages.
The word itself comes from the Latin pomum, which means “apple.” But long before the era Ancient Rome women used this cosmetic product. After all, you really want to have lips like plump apples. It is reliably known that the inhabitants of Ancient Assyria used lipstick about five thousand years ago. Archaeologists find traces of lip paint and Egyptian pyramids. What was lipstick made from before? This product was based on animal fat, beeswax and red mineral pigment - carmine. In ancient times, Egyptians and Babylonians, since they were dark brunettes, preferred lipstick dark shades. In the Hellenistic era, the remedy became known in Greece and then in Rome. Brown-haired women and blondes began to independently search for new shades of lipsticks. The famous physician Claudius Galen passionately warned them against such experiments on themselves. After all, women ancient world They also believed that “beauty requires sacrifice,” and therefore toxic substances such as cinnabar and red lead were added to lipstick as color pigments.
In the Middle Ages, the Church (both Roman Catholic and Orthodox) reacted extremely negatively to any unauthorized change in a woman’s appearance, since, in her opinion, it contradicts God’s creation. But despite papal bulls and anathemas, women continued to paint their lips. Until the end of the nineteenth century, lipsticks were produced in jars. It was not until 1883 that perfumers from France introduced the product in the form of a crayon wrapped in paper. And in 1915, inventive Americans came up with the idea of hiding this “pencil” in a metal case with a piston mechanism. The composition of the product was almost the same as what lipstick is made from now. And in the thirties of the last century there was another revolutionary breakthrough. Haza Bishop invented resistant paint for lips. The Guerlain company released the first lipstick in a tube. This made the product mass-produced as its price dropped and became accessible to any woman.
When we choose a lipstick, the first thing we focus on is finding the right shade. And at the same time, we completely lose sight of what lipstick is made of. Each company has its own composition of this product. But we can distinguish three main components of each lipstick. These are waxes, fats and color pigments. The last component is absent in hygienic lipstick - after all, it is practically colorless. But since this product is caring and even health-improving, it contains herbal extracts, vitamins and other substances beneficial to the skin of the lips. Despite the fact that this cosmetic product appears to be solid, it consists of eighty percent liquid substances. But they have a low freezing point. Since the fats that make up lipstick do not smell very pleasant, manufacturers use fragrance. It interrupts the smell of raw materials and adds its own aroma. In the struggle for buyers, manufacturing companies began to add various useful material- humidifiers, vitamins, collagen, sun filters, etc. Some products even contain food-grade polyethylene. This substance creates a film on the lips that prevents the dye from getting into the cracks or spreading to the edges of the mouth. But this polyethylene is absolutely harmless.
The first machines producing cosmetic products in its modern form- in a plastic or metal case - were designed in the USA in 1949. Now mother-of-pearl (for shine and optical enlargement of the lips) and oils are added to the three classic components of lipstick. Wax, like all bee products, can be an irritant for allergy sufferers. Therefore, it is not used in the factory production of lipstick. It is replaced by waxes of plant origin - carnauba or candelilla, less often roses. The most commonly used fat is lanolin, a substance secreted by sheep's wool. To turn the solid mineral color pigment into a creamy mass, it is dissolved in oils (usually castor oil). This mixture is crushed in special “shakers”. Dimensions mineral pigment then do not exceed fifteen microns, providing an even color without grains. The mica is washed, finely crushed, and sprayed with dye. This is how “mother of pearl” turns out. And then comes the turn of liquid fats (isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate and isopropyl myristate), structure-forming substances (paraffin and ceresin), solvents and essential oils for fragrance. The mass cools down, it is cut into pencils, which are hidden in a case with a retractable piston.
This product does not contain coloring pigment. If there is a weakly expressed color, then this is achieved exclusively through the use of oils (sea buckthorn, rose). This product does not belong to decorative, but to caring cosmetics. Therefore, its composition is more “gentle”. What is chapstick made from? It is based on natural plant waxes, since the skin of our lips is devoid of sebaceous glands. To soften, various oils are used - first of all, healthy castor oil, but also sea buckthorn, shea butter, avocado, jojoba, and apricot. To give the product an anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effect, extracts of aloe vera, chamomile, and other herbs are added to it. Vitamins A, groups B, C and E, and sunscreens are widely used.
Sometimes, when you read the composition of a cosmetic product, you involuntarily wonder: aren’t all these polymers, isopropyl palmitates, ceresins and similar substances harmful to the body? We have already learned how lipstick is made at the factory. Now the question arises: can we repeat the process at home, and without these dubious substances? Certainly! After all, before the establishment of factory production of lipsticks, our great-grandmothers prepared lip paint themselves. Of course, we will not use poisonous cinnabar or red lead as color pigments. We will use Since they are intended for use on sensitive eyelid skin, this product is tested for toxicity. And if we want to use exclusively natural dyes, we can limit ourselves to cinnamon, beet root powder, cocoa, and turmeric. By mixing them, you can choose the desired shade.
We have already decided on the color pigment. It remains to supplement the composition of the product with fats, oils and, if desired, flavorings. What is lipstick made from? individual use? If you are not allergic to bee products, take one part of regular wax. It is easy to purchase in stores that sell honey. In order for the lipstick to lie evenly on the lips, we take the second part - shea butter. This component is more difficult to obtain. But it can be replaced with clear cocoa butter, almond butter, avocado butter or mango butter. And for shine and the desired texture, let's take one more component. This is coconut oil (can be replaced with olive or jojoba). If instead of a dye we add all sorts of healing, moisturizing and nourishing mixtures, we will get a healing
It can be compared to cooking in a slow cooker. How are lipsticks made in a cosmetics factory? First, the components are placed in a “bead mill”. First, waxes with crushed color pigments, then oils, and lastly, volatile components - essential oils fragrances When the mass in this mixer becomes completely homogeneous, it is cooked at a temperature of eighty degrees for about six hours. Then the lipstick is allowed to cool a little. But while still semi-solid, it is sent to the packaging shop, where special presses are used to distribute the large briquette into tubes or cases. The lipstick is then quickly cooled.
Making color. We have already said that you can use exclusively natural dyes, such as dried beet powder, cocoa, and turmeric. The downside of these products is the difficulty in choosing the right shade. Therefore, you can use shadows for eye makeup. Also, among this cosmetic product you rarely find shades of red. Therefore, the best alternative is... wax-based children's crayons. As a rule, they are tested for food suitability (babies often put everything in their mouths), and therefore they will be absolutely harmless for lipstick. Grind the crayons into powder on a grater. Mixing different colors, we achieve the desired shade.
We already know what lipstick is made from at the factory. We will prepare it at home in a similar way. Let's prepare two containers for a water bath. In a smaller bowl we need to heat the wax and oils. This must be done extremely carefully. If even a drop of water gets into the bowl of oils, a mini-explosion will occur, since the boiling point of the liquid and oils is different. You also need to constantly mix wax and fats. And under no circumstances should you bring them to a boil. We achieve only liquid and homogeneous mass.
Remove the bowl from the water bath. We quickly add crushed color pigment and other things from which lipstick is made: perfume, additional healing and caring substances to the hot wax and fats. Vanilla is suitable as a safe flavoring. Without fragrance, the lipstick will smell like a candle. At this stage, it is important for us to mix the coloring pigment with fats before the mass hardens. We add the color component gradually, achieving the desired shade. Then transfer the mixture into the prepared jar and leave to cool. The lipstick is ready.
A typical lipstick contains several hundred various substances. And yet we can highlight the main ones that form its basis and structure. This is what the average lipstick composition looks like:
65% - castor oil;
15% - beeswax;
10% - other waxes;
5% - lanolin;
5% - dyes, pigments, fragrances.
The composition may vary from one brand of lipstick to another, but in general it is exactly like this. And now - the details.
Lipstick should be firm and soft at the same time in order to fit well and stay on the lips. This soft hardness is given to it by waxes, the main of which is beeswax. It consists of almost three hundred different chemical compounds - esters (70%), organic acids and hydrocarbons (30%).
Others are added to beeswax, such as carnauba wax. It also contains esters fatty acids(80-85%), fatty alcohols (10-16%), acids and hydrocarbons (4-9%). Carnauba wax is good because it is the most refractory among its relatives. Its melting point is 83-91 o C. Therefore, a small addition to lipstick does not allow it to spread in the sun.
Lanolin, which is obtained by boiling sheep wool, is also added to lipstick. In composition, it is close to human sebum and contains mainly esters of high-molecular alcohols (for example, cholesterol) with higher fatty acids (palmitic, etc.). Lanolin is good because it forms a “water-oil” emulsion with water. And for lipstick, where all components must be mixed until smooth, this is extremely important. And of course, waxes add shine to lipstick. In general, the share of all waxes in lipstick is 30%.
Of course, lipstick should be oily. Therefore, oils are added to it to soften the wax, soften the skin on the lips and create shine. The most commonly used is castor oil. The main component of castor oil is ricinoleic acid. It accounts for 90% of all fatty acids in oil.
Also added to lipstick olive oil and some synthetic oils. Oils have another one important function- they dissolve the coloring matter of lipstick. Classic red lipstick dye - carmine, or aluminum salt carminic acid. This acid is produced by female insects - cochineal mealybugs. Dactylopius coccus.
Insects are boiled in a solution of sodium carbonate, then the solution is filtered and potassium alum KAl(SO 4) 2 12H 2 O is added to it.
Red carmine crystals precipitate. By the way, carmine is registered as food additives E120.
Another red dye, eosin, can change its color slightly when you apply lipstick to your lips. The fact is that eosin reacts with the amino groups of proteins found in the skin of the lips. As a result of this reaction, the color becomes deeper and brighter and, importantly, lasts longer on the lips.
Numerous shades of lipstick from bright red to pale pink are obtained by adding titanium dioxide to the composition of white. Lipstick, of course, contains pleasant-smelling substances that mask the smell of other components (oils and animal fats) with their aroma. There are also components that moisturize the lips. Some lipsticks today add a kind of secret weapon - the alkaloid capsaicin.
It is this substance that makes red peppers hot. Small amounts of it in lipstick slightly irritate the skin of the lips and make them appear plumper. What lengths will you go to for beauty!
Lipstick is a commonly used cosmetic product all over the world and is an important part of a woman's makeup bag. However, many people don’t even know what it’s made of. Let's find out right now what lipstick actually consists of.
Lipstick is considered as the most integral part the entire cosmetics bag, which almost no woman can do without. Most women, using it daily and several times, have never even once wondered what lipstick is made of and what its composition is?
Its components vary depending on the brand and color range. However, almost all lipsticks contain common ingredients, while others may consist only of natural organic ingredients.
The first use of such cosmetics dates back to the time of the ancient Egyptians, who very often used certain insects or henna to obtain shades of red. Hard lipstick was first invented by Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi, an Arab Andalusian cosmetologist. She gained popularity thanks to Queen Elizabeth, who paid tribute to fashion and painted blood-red lips on her face.
The raw materials used to make lipstick must be approved by the Ministry of Health since women who use it constantly and unknowingly ingest small quantities of it. Although the proportions and quantities of ingredients may vary, it will generally include the components described below.
The wax that is used in making lipstick is a combination of three types of wax, namely Candelilla and Carnauba. Candelilla wax is obtained from the leaves of the Candelilla bush. Carnauba wax is produced industrially from the leaves of Brazilian palm trees. This type wax is more expensive than candelilla wax. Therefore, lipsticks that contain more quantity carnauba wax costs much more money. It is the wax that helps it keep its shape.
Oil products make lipstick more shiny and transparent. Various types oils such as vegetable oil, castor oil, lanolin and mineral oil are often used in the production of cosmetics. Cocoa butter is also used along with these oils. Oily products and wax are important components, their share is approximately 60% of the total mass.
Pigments and dyes are mainly used in lipsticks to give it the desired shade or color. The inks used in it include bismuth oxychloride, manganese violet, titanium dioxide, D&C Red No. 6. As well as D&C Red No. 21, D&C Orange No. 17, and D&C Red No. 34. Pigments and dyes are produced in factories by mixing various chemicals.
Alcohol in lipsticks is used as the main solvent for oils and waxes. The fragrance should give it a pleasant aroma, masking the unpleasant odors of other ingredients.
Preservatives and antioxidants are added in order to increase its shelf life and prevent the occurrence of staleness or rancidity.
In addition to the components mentioned above, lipstick may also contain quartz and mica. It also contains emollients such as vitamin E, aloe vera and shea butter. These ingredients are added to give them moisturizing properties. Natural ingredients such as jojoba oil, chamomile, turmeric and beetroot extracts can also be found in many cosmetic preparations.
Not all ingredients found in lipsticks are safe to use. Many may contain potentially harmful components.
Yes, this cosmetics contains lead, but small quantities. Although the Ministry of Health has set a minimum amount of lead allowed, it can still be very harmful if ingested, which is inevitable when using lipstick. After all, this state of affairs can contribute to the emergence of diseases such as infertility, anemia, cancer, learning disabilities and behavioral problems.
The pigments used to make red lipstick, particularly Red No. 40, are obtained from bitumen. Bitumen is a byproduct of coke that, if ingested, can cause skin irritation, nausea and headaches.
Carmine is a natural coloring substance that is obtained by evaporating carminic acid, which is produced by female cochineals. This, doctors believe, can cause skin irritation and allergies.
Some artificial fragrances that are added to lipsticks can cause dryness, cracking and dermatitis on the lips.
Lipsticks are available in a variety of shapes and colors, but before you buy one, it's best to take a good look at what's in it. This way, you can avoid buying lipstick that may harm you.
There is a category of women who do not particularly like cosmetics. More precisely, they prefer natural cosmetics. Naturally, they prefer not the usual lipstick, but hygienic one. The advantage of this type of lipstick is that it helps fight flaking and dryness of the skin of the lips. When buying this product, not everyone thinks about what hygienic lipstick is made from?
You can buy a lot of hygienic lipsticks and be disappointed in all of them: your lips are poorly moisturized, it seems that to moisturize them you need to constantly tint them. But the reason is banal, the quality of the product is simply not very good. That's why. When purchasing such a product, you need to pay attention to what the lipstick consists of.
Often, cosmetics manufacturers want to save money and produce low-quality products. They add substances to their products that can cause irritation and excessive dryness. In this way, they force the consumer to use this product more often, and therefore to buy more cosmetics.
(prices may vary)
This option suits the manufacturer, but the buyer does not. A high-quality lipstick should not contain: salicylic acid, menthol, alcohol fragrances, silicone and silicon compounds. These ingredients will cause your lips to become even more dry and flaky.
When buying lipstick, it is not very convenient to stand in front of the display window and read its composition. Not every woman is ready to spend a lot of time choosing a cosmetic product, and subtract what lipstick is made from? What to do to make the choice easier?
Any of these lipsticks are made from quality ingredients. After studying this list, you can easily choose one of them for yourself.
1. Korres Guava lip Butter
Lipstick from the famous Greek brand will delight you not only with its quality, but also with a pleasant smell. Moreover, its price is very reasonable. Its main advantages are its delicate texture and smell, and the ability to moisturize lips for a long time. Based on guava.
2. Labello
Classic hygienic lipstick. This blue bottle is over a hundred years old, but despite this, the product is very popular among the fairer sex. Helps get rid of the problem of very dry lips.
3. Burt's Bees
This is the so-called honey balm. The product is suitable for ladies who prefer “tasty” cosmetics. Provides a feeling of protection, regardless of the time of year.
4. Avalon Soothing Lip Balm
The best option for those who cannot cope with constantly flaky and inflamed lips. This is a product Russian manufacturer. But it is not available for free sale. Therefore, you can order the product through the online store.
5. Bebe Young Care Classic
The lipstick is of excellent quality and has a slight shine. It is appreciated by girls who love a neutral scent. This product has virtually no odor. In addition, the feeling of softness on your lips will be present throughout the day.
6.EOS
This lip balm deserves your attention. More recently, the product literally blew up the Internet with its popularity. Thanks to the most unique medicinal composition, this gloss is an “ambulance” for chapped lips. A stylish design is a good addition to this product.
7. Melvita Karite-Argan-Cupuacu
Super high quality lipstick made exclusively from natural ingredients. This proves the presence of a quality certificate issued for this product by the main environmental inspection company.
8. “Macadamia nut and vanilla” Nivea
Hypoallergenic lip oil that is safe for the skin of the lips. Provides a comfortable feeling and hydration throughout the day.
A colorless balm that will moisturize and protect from exposure sun rays lip skin There are several versions of this product, each with a very bright and memorable aroma. The product contains a complex of vitamins and useful items necessary for lip care.
This product is perhaps the most inconspicuous and inexpensive. But, despite this, it has powerful healing powers. Thanks to its oily structure, it is able to moisturize and protect your lips 100%.
Chapstick with an ultraviolet filter used in the summer, it protects the skin from the sun;
Nourishing lipstick used in winter;
Super-resistant, cosmetologists do not recommend using it at all. Instead of hydration, you will get a feeling of tightness.
Antiherpetic agent Recommended for people who suffer from herpes. It has an antiseptic and softening effect, as well as antiviral activity. Can be used for preventive purposes (against viruses).
Hygienic balm is a 2 in 1 product. It combines the properties of hygienic lipstick and balm. Most often it contains sesame and babassu oils, as well as vitamins.
Standard hygienic lipstick is applied before each exit to the street. If desired, you can apply makeup to her lips at night.
The antiallergic version of the lipstick is used as a treatment and is applied for five days (3 times a day).
Most often, the packaging indicates an expiration date of three years, but this only applies to sealed products. After the product is unpacked, bacteria begin to multiply in it. Therefore, the shelf life is reduced to three months.
If you want your lips to be healthy and well-groomed, then hygienic lipstick must be present in your cosmetic bag.
Lipstick is mandatory element every woman's cosmetic bag. Its use improves the appearance of the lips, they become plump and appetizing, and attracts the attention of men. But before using this product, you should consider its quality. A woman should definitely know what lipstick is made from, because a low-quality product can negatively affect appearance and cause health problems.
Before you start using it, it’s worth knowing what lipstick is made from. This mandatory requirement, if you do not want to encounter unpleasant effects. This product contains many chemical components. But since it is applied to the lips, popular companies use natural elements as a basis that do not cause side symptoms.
The main elements that make up the lipstick are:
When these components are mixed, a lipstick with the required consistency is obtained. It is easily applied to the surface of the lips and can maintain a long-lasting color.
We briefly looked at what lipstick is made from. But still, few people know what these components are. Do they really not provide negative impact on health, do not provoke negative effects? This is worth understanding in detail.
These components are required to maintain the shape and hardness of the lipstick, as well as to ensure that it adheres well to the surface of the lips. The amount of ingredients should be 30%. Many manufacturers use beeswax. It has a positive effect on the condition of the lips and does not cause unpleasant reactions.
But since it melts quickly and makes lipstick not bright, it is often mixed with other types of wax - carnauba and candelilla. They make the consistency harder and the color brighter. The first type is extracted from palm leaves. This component is used to regulate the consistency of lipstick. But carnauba wax causes binding of the liquid component of the base and an increase in temperature indicators.
Candelilla wax is obtained from certain types of cacti that grow in the United States and Mexico. It provides high color fastness to this product and also ensures its high shine.
Rose wax is often used in the production of lipstick. It is a by-product that is formed during the production of rose oil. It is endowed with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and has a pleasant aroma.
But it is worth considering that natural wax and oils have high cost, therefore many cosmetics manufacturers often use their synthetic substitutes:
Waxy substances cause other lipstick ingredients to bind. Thanks to them, the composition acquires a homogeneous, plastic and solid structure. After application, a thin protective film appears on the surface of the lips, which prevents the composition from spreading.
Oils must be added to lipstick. They are required to dissolve dyes and prevent their precipitation. The presence of oil components ensures uniform distribution of the composition on the lips.
Lipsticks are made from the following types oils:
Dyes are required to give lipstick the desired color. They usually give the composition red or pink color, as well as their shades. Popular dyes include D&S No. 5 and No. 22. Options with these numbers have orange or red colors.
The basis of these dyes consists of bromine. One has two atoms of this component, and the other has four. Dyes are made from fluorescein, which has yellow tint. When connected different quantities atoms can produce various shades of red.
All the dyes that any lipstick contains are made from coal tar and petroleum. They allow you to create the required consistency for further adding color to the base. Sometimes manufacturers of these cosmetics use natural dyes that are obtained from carmine; this substance is extracted from cochineal scale insects.
These are insects that are first boiled in sodium carbonate. After this, they are prepared on a basis with the addition of potassium alum. As a result, red crystals are formed, which are also known as E 120.
When adding coloring components to the lipstick base, they are completely dissolved in fat and oil based this cosmetic product. By themselves, they do not produce bright colors; they act as a transparent basis for future color.
Dyes react quite strongly to light and can fade quickly. For this reason, they are often added to lipstick along with pigments, which subsequently give the base the required shade.
Pigmenting components are often added to lipstick. They give the base a pearlescent tint. Natural types extracted from mica, quartz, and sometimes from fish scales. The latter is usually used for expensive cosmetics. This is due to labor-intensive and difficult mining, which requires financial costs.
Artificial pigmenting agents are made from titanium and iron oxides. Thanks to them, the color of the base is revealed. Iron oxide gives the base a red tint, and when titanium oxide is added, the color of the base will turn pink.
Additionally, the lipstick contains flavors and fragrances. They are required to give a pleasant aroma and eliminate unpleasant odors that may come from other chemical components.
Fragrances are used to prevent unpleasant odors from fats. For example, the chemical fatty component lanolin has unpleasant smell. Instead, cosmetics manufacturers began to use its ethoxylated variety, which does not have unpleasant odors.
But to make lipstick taste good and smell good, it often contains flavorings. Many of them are chemical, but they are not harmful to health. You can often find cosmetics with fruit scents on sale.
Many hygienic lipsticks, which have a caring and softening effect, add various natural and healthy ingredients. They help prevent the negative effects of external factors.
The main purpose of hygienic lipsticks is to protect lips from the effects of wind, frost, snow, and sun. They make the skin soft and prevent it from cracking and chapping.
The main natural elements used are:
Also you can look manufacturing process making lipstick from Oriflame:
Using lipstick is prerequisite for many girls and women. But you should not take her choice thoughtlessly; this can lead to the fact that a low-quality cosmetic product will cause severe health problems and severe allergic reaction. It is important to carefully study the composition of the lipstick; it must contain ingredients such as wax and oils; they are considered the main ones. Many manufacturers use chemical substitutes for production, but they do not pose a danger to human health.
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