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» Which autonomous septic tank is best for a country house? How to choose a septic tank for your dacha and which one is better? Basic parameters when choosing

Which autonomous septic tank is best for a country house? How to choose a septic tank for your dacha and which one is better? Basic parameters when choosing

Which is better to choose a septic tank for your dacha? This is not an idle question. Equipping a private home or cottage with a sewer system becomes a problem for many owners. After all, many cottage and holiday villages simply do not have the ability to connect to a centralized waste disposal system. But there is a fairly simple solution to this problem - a septic tank for a dacha or a private house, and for small plot A mini-septic tank model is suitable.

You can choose a septic tank for your home based on reviews or technical specifications, photos and video instructions. But it is best to choose several septic tanks, focusing on technical characteristics, and choose a specific model based on customer reviews and photos.

What it is?

A septic tank is an autonomous treatment facility for liquid waste, which is installed on a private plot with both low and high groundwater. I have septic tanks various designs and different powers. Installing a septic tank can ensure full functionality of toilets, showers and bathtubs, sinks, as well as all necessary household appliances (washing machines and dishwashers). If this is not required, then a mini-septic tank model is quite suitable.

A septic tank for a house with high groundwater is an optimal alternative to the familiar cesspool. After all, using it with modern materials and technologies is a crime against yourself and the environment. Unlike a septic tank, it is harmful to environment, violates all hygiene standards, and besides, it also has a constant strong bad smell. But installing a septic tank at your summer cottage will save you from these problems. You can buy a septic tank for your dacha without pumping, then it requires almost no maintenance.

A septic tank can be either factory-made or home-made. However, reviews of homemade septic tanks indicate some negligence of some authors in the proposed operating schemes for septic tanks. The correct choice of a septic tank and high-quality installation guarantees long and uninterrupted operation of the sewer system for a period of at least 10 years.

Advantages of septic tanks for summer cottages:

  1. They are easy to install:
  2. Eco-friendly:
  3. Not required special costs in operation;
  4. The price of their installation is relatively low;
  5. They guarantee a high level of wastewater treatment thanks to the anaerobic process;
  6. The variety of models allows you to choose a septic tank for both a small country house and a large one. country cottage or residential complex;
  7. Suitable for installation in any climate zone, even in areas with high groundwater;
  8. When installed correctly they are reliable and durable.

Principle of operation

There are several types of septic tanks for a summer residence, but they all work on a similar principle - it is a large tank divided into several chambers. The chambers are equipped with filters and each of them undergoes a certain cleaning stage:

  • Physical cleaning, which separates large debris;
  • Sedimentation of wastewater in a settling tank;
  • Decomposition of organic waste;
  • Anaerobic treatment;
  • Removal of generated gas;
  • Filtration and clarification of wastewater.

All this allows you to purify wastewater to very high levels (up to 98%), although for some models it is necessary to additionally install aeration fields. But there are septic tanks for dachas without pumping, which guarantee a high degree of water purification with minimal costs, but they can hardly be called budget. And this, judging by the reviews and photos, is a very expensive procedure.

Types of septic tank

Which is the best septic tank for a summer residence? After all, comfortable living in the country depends on this. There are several criteria by which septic tanks are classified. This is the design, operating principle and material of manufacture. Well, let’s not forget about reviews and photo reports from specific users. They will give you an idea of ​​the practical use of septic tanks.

According to the principle of operation, septic tanks are:

  1. Cumulative. They represent one large reservoir in which wastewater is collected and settled before pumping. This is the design most often chosen to create a homemade septic tank.

A storage septic tank for a summer residence has a number of advantages:

  • Low cost. Some craftsmen assemble it from available materials, such as tires;
  • Easy to install;
  • Suitable for areas with high groundwater;
  • Autonomy.

But the disadvantages of this septic tank for a dacha still outweigh, judging, again, by reviews:

  • Suitable for sandy soil only;
  • Not designed for salvo water discharges;
  • Small volume;
  • Septic tanks without pumping are expensive;
  • Regular pumping is required;
  • The need to often resort to the services of sewer cleaners;
  • Most often it has an unpleasant odor.
  1. Anaerobic septic tanks for summer cottages with infiltration fields. This is a large tank, divided into several small sections, where the waste goes through several stages of purification until the organic waste is completely decomposed. In this case, the wastewater is purified to 75%. Since this indicator is quite low, it is necessary to additionally install the system in anaerobic fields. Analyzing the reviews, we note that these septic tanks have no fundamental disadvantages, except for the high cost of septic tanks without pumping.
  1. Aerobic septic tanks for summer cottages. This type of septic tank guarantees wastewater purification up to 98% thanks to anaerobic bacteria that completely decompose all waste, and the filter system completely purifies and clarifies the water. Often such septic tanks are equipped with additional pumps, air vents and air compressors. Most models are septic tanks without pumping. This is the most expensive, but at the same time the most effective type of septic tank for a summer residence. And judging by the reviews and photo reports, this is their main drawback.

You can also classify septic tanks for a summer residence according to the following criteria: factory-made or home-made, autonomous or energy-dependent, underground or above-ground, requiring pumping and not.

Material of manufacture

Which septic tank to choose based on the material of manufacture. Three types of containers are most often used to construct a septic tank:

  • Plastic. Lightweight and durable tanks that are easy to install and maintain. Their service life is quite long and, with proper installation and use, they will last up to 50 years. Installation of small models does not require the use of special equipment. There are septic tanks without pumping and with a storage tank. But the low weight of the structure is also a disadvantage - the septic tank can “float” to the ground surface when the temperature rises groundwater. Reviews indicate that because of this, such septic tanks cannot be installed in places where groundwater reaches the surface. Or, in order to avoid the septic tank from “floating up” under the influence of rising groundwater, it is concreted or “anchored” using special belts. So this is not the best option for a septic tank for a dacha with a high groundwater level.
  • Concrete. Nice guy a simple and durable septic tank for a summer residence. The structure is very durable, does not corrode, but is heavy. There are two options for constructing the device. The first is the installation of ready-made factory concrete rings using construction equipment. The second is pouring concrete into the finished formwork and gradually erecting the structure. This best option septic tank for a summer residence with high groundwater.
  • Metal. They have a relatively small mass, which makes installation very easy, and are reasonably priced necessary equipment make them quite popular among developers. But they also have the disadvantage of being very high probability the appearance of corrosion due to anaerobic processes, the service life of the device is greatly reduced. Suitable for areas with high groundwater.

Device, circuits

Which septic tank to choose according to the arrangement scheme? There are many variations of septic tanks for summer cottages, ranging from a homemade septic tank made from used tires to very complex multi-stage cleaning models from various manufacturers.

Any septic tank design for a summer residence consists of several chambers:

  • loading container for waste;
  • additional cleaning chambers with filters and an anaerobic chamber.

Storage tanks and aeration fields are often additionally used.

To equip summer cottages or houses where 3-4 people live, mini-septic tanks for summer cottages are most often used, that is, models that are designed to process 0.7-2 cubic meters Wastewater. Such mini-septic tanks have a number of advantages:

  • mini dimensions, which makes installation simple;
  • a factory mini-septic tank is most often inexpensive;
  • build a mini-septic tank with my own hands much cheaper than buying a finished product;
  • operation of a mini-septic tank is economical;
  • There are mini anaerobic, storage and infiltration models;
  • the mini-septic tank is very easy to maintain;
  • Installing a mini-septic tank can be easily done by just a couple of people without the use of construction equipment.

Buying a large septic tank only makes sense when a large number of people live in the house, and a mini-septic tank for a dacha is perfect option, if you visit the site only on weekends. But such models require additional strengthening in areas with high groundwater.

Calculation

Choosing a suitable septic tank for your dacha is a difficult matter. After all, the life support system of the entire house or cottage depends on this. In order for the choice to be successful, it is necessary first of all to accurately calculate the operating mode of the sewerage system and the volume of wastewater.

It is these parameters that determine the characteristics of a septic tank for a summer residence, which are worth paying attention to. You also need to decide - is an autonomous or energy-independent sump tank model suitable for you, or will a septic tank connected to the mains suit you?

For example, 3 people live in a dacha, which means that the volume of the septic tank must be at least 600 liters. If you count on guests, then even a little more. And for the correct operation of the entire system, protection against volley discharges and to ensure the operation of household appliances, this number must be multiplied by 3 again, that is, 600x3, and we get a number of 1800 liters per day. This example shows that in most cases it is enough to install a mini-septic tank rather than a large-sized model.

Popular manufacturers

Our market offers a wide selection of septic tanks for summer cottages from various manufacturers. The most popular of them are trade marks Topas, Eurobion, Topol, Tank, which offer autonomous plastic sewer systems.

Their products are wide range models of various capacities - both small septic tanks for dachas with a wastewater volume of 1000 liters, and large tanks for hotels and large residential complexes. According to the principle of operation - anaerobic and aerobic. They also differ in cost - the most affordable are the Tank systems, and the most expensive are Topas. But all of them have proven themselves well among the owners of private houses, cottages and summer cottages. In the photo you can see their dimensions and shape.

Help in choosing

Before purchasing or installing a septic tank for your dacha, you need to resolve several issues:

  • optimal volume of the structure. Using the form presented above, it is necessary to calculate the amount of wastewater. If the dacha does not have a shower and a bathroom, then one hundred liters can be subtracted from the total volume of wastewater;
  • installation location. This is what it depends on optimal shape septic tank For small dachas It is recommended to choose vertical models. But remember that the sump cannot be located close to ponds and buildings;
  • budget. The quality and functionality of the sewage system and the installation method depend on it. Of course, the optimal solution would be to purchase a ready-made structure with the deepest degree of cleaning and install it on a turnkey basis. But this is not advisable for houses with seasonal residence large quantity of people.

Remember that a septic tank for a summer residence differs in functional tasks from a septic tank in a private house. The dacha sewer system must solve the following issues:

  • it must be designed for periodic volley discharges of wastewater;
  • Country sewerage must be suitable for seasonal conservation for the autumn-winter period.

Prices for septic tanks

In search of an answer to which septic tank to choose for a summer residence, many buyers pay attention to the price of the septic tank. How to buy a high-quality septic tank without paying extra money?

The average price of a small mini-septic tank of a simple design for a summer cottage is about 20,000 rubles, more complex models cost higher depending on the volume and model. The price for complex sewer systems with aeration is about 150,000 rubles.

Like any other product, septic tanks are presented in huge quantities on our market, you can go to the store or look at the photo in the catalog. The varieties of designs and models, their price range is very wide, and sometimes it is very difficult for a non-specialist to figure out which septic tank is best to choose. In this case, you need to take into account your own capabilities and budget, and do not forget about the ratio of cost and quality.

Wanting to buy inexpensively, many summer residents prefer to install a septic tank for their home with their own hands rather than buy a factory-made system. In this case, concrete septic tank for a house it will cost 20-30 thousand rubles.

The most inexpensive septic tanks are storage and homemade, and the most expensive are models with several stages of processing and aeration that do not require regular pumping. But which one is better - everyone must decide for themselves - after all, it is not always advisable to install an expensive septic tank for a small dacha where no one lives permanently.

  • the price of all consumables;
  • the price of installation work, if there is a need to attract hired workers.

To set which better than a septic tank To purchase, and inexpensively, you need to study the assortment of stores and manufacturers’ catalogs. Here are some examples of prices at which you can buy septic tanks, and their photos can be viewed on the manufacturer’s website:

  • “Bionic” with a volume of 1.5 m³ will cost 38,000 rubles;
  • “Tver” with a volume of 2 m³ - 70 thousand rubles;
  • “Tank-1” with a volume of 1 m³ -17,000 rubles;
  • "Triton" 2000 l. – 24,000.

A septic tank is a local sewage system on a site. There are many varieties of systems and types.

This and simple designs, self-made, and treatment plants. This article should help you in choosing the best septic tank for a private home.

The main purpose is to collect, settle and purify wastewater. Used in places where there is no centralized system- in dacha areas, outside the city.

There are several parameters by which this component of the local sewage system is classified:

  • by the number of wells;
  • by material;
  • on constructive solutions.

Based on the number of wells, there are single-chamber, two-chamber and three-chamber wells. The materials used in production are steel, reinforced concrete, and plastic. Based on their design, they are classified into storage tanks, with soil purification, and with deep filtration.

Cumulative


Consists of one chamber or two interconnected wells. The waste that enters the hermetically sealed storage facility is divided into liquid and solid. Organic substances are broken down and the liquid settles. To prevent the chambers from overfilling, they should be pumped out periodically.

This option is considered not the most expensive. They are used in dachas where people live only during the season or on weekends. In this case, you can clean it once a year.

Important: storage systems should be used when there is a small amount of wastewater, for example, in dachas, otherwise the cost of their maintenance will be high.

In the construction of structures they use concrete rings and plastic containers.

With soil purification


In a house with permanent residence and the presence of running water, the best option would be to install an overflow structure. In it, the liquid not only settles, but is also further purified.

This type requires pumping less often. It is cleaned with your own hands every two to three years. To increase this period, special bacteria are used. As a result of their activities, the amount of denser waste is significantly reduced.

The only caveat to using this model is the soil type. It cannot be built on an area with clay soil and high groundwater level.

With biological treatment

The decomposition of waste in such a plant occurs in several stages and various methods. First, liquid and solid waste fractions are separated. Then the denser ones settle to the bottom, and bioprocessing of organic matter occurs.

This model is more of a treatment station equipped with a compressor. It is quite expensive, but it neutralizes up to 95% of waste matter. Installed in areas located near a reservoir or with high groundwater level. During operation, it does not emit any odors.

The principle of operation of a septic tank is based on connection to electrical networks. If the power supply is unstable, the station will not be able to operate.

Anaerobic and aerobic


Some types of modern settling tanks use bacteria. During their life, they absorb waste and contribute to the natural purification of wastewater. According to the principle of operation they are:

  • aerobic;
  • anaerobic.

Aerobic bacteria purify and clarify the liquid by 95-98%. On leaving aerobic system it meets the requirements accepted for process water. This liquid can be used to water the soil or fill a pond.

An anaerobic septic tank requires constant maintenance. Every two months it is necessary to add bioactivator to ensure wastewater treatment at the proper level. The advantages of using this type include the low cost of construction.

How to choose

In parallel with the construction of the house, a sewerage system is also being designed. Previously, they didn’t really care about this, and all the masses simply merged into cesspools.

Later they began to be replaced with septic tanks - containers for collecting wastewater from a residential building. To know which sump to choose, you should study all the factors that influence its location on the site.

Taking into account the type of soil

The type of soil on the site should be taken into account. Some of them are not suitable for use in clay rock, others are preferable to be installed in sandy soil.

You should follow a few simple rules in your work:

  • when groundwater is located at a depth of one and a half meters, it is difficult to prepare drainage for a three-section sump;
  • on sandy soil it is preferable to install a container with biological treatment. The liquid is directly discharged into the sand, where it is absorbed. Filtration drainage is arranged closer to the surface;
  • If the surface water is located at a high level, the option with deep biological treatment should be used. It is made heavier using improvised means or fixed.

Clay is an unstable material, which requires additional work in installing a sump. At the end of the frost, the structure of the clay changes, it thaws and pushes the structure out of the soil. Therefore, a septic tank in clay rock is equipped with additional metal fasteners during installation.

For containers used in clayey soils, two filtration fields are installed. To do this, two trenches are brought to the sump. In one there are, and in the other there is a layer of gravel, the height of which is up to 30 cm.

Seasonality and volume calculation

An important point when choosing the type of sump is the period of residence at the dacha or in your home. When installing a minimum set of plumbing fixtures, an inexpensive single-chamber storage option is quite suitable.

Despite its simplicity, it is qualitatively different from a cesspool. Sand or crushed stone is poured into the bottom of the storage tank. Thus, a filtration layer is formed that purifies wastewater with a 50% result.

For longer stays, you should purchase a compact two-chamber version. It consists of sections for settling and infiltration of wastewater. The use of this type of equipment is effective if the volume of drainage masses does not exceed its standard value.

Important: When purchasing a septic tank, carefully consider the choice of its technical characteristics. Special attention attention should be paid to the number of residents it is designed for.

If you live permanently and have sufficient funds, it is better to purchase a whole station, consisting of two or three sections. It can be factory-made or constructed independently from reinforced concrete rings.

When constructing it, a single- or double-chamber storage tank and a filter section are combined. The settling tanks are made airtight, and the filtration septic tank has a drainage bottom made of sand and crushed stone. The liquid is pumped out from the storage sections using a vacuum cleaner, and the filter is changed every three years. This multi-chamber sedimentation tank purifies wastewater by 90%.

The volume of the device is calculated based on the average daily rate of sewage per person. This figure is 200 liters. Also, when calculating the capacity of the sump, the number of people living in the house and the possibility of accumulating a three-day supply are taken into account. For example, for a family of three people, the volume is calculated as follows: 200 * 3 people * 3 days - equal to 1800 liters.

If guests arrive, the resulting volume should be increased by two thirds: 1800 * 1.66 - equal to 3000 liters.

The recommended depth of settling tanks is 1.3-5 meters. Using these data, their cubic capacity is determined and the required type is selected. For wastewater volumes up to 1 cubic meter. use a single-chamber version, with a volume of up to 10 cubic meters. choose a two-chamber type if the volume of waste is more than 10 cubic meters. – three-chamber, with a drainage field.

A settling tank with a filtration field combines two or three wells. The drainage zone covers an area underground of at least 30 square meters. The distance from the field to the house is 30 meters.

If the groundwater level is high in the area, it is recommended to install a multi-section septic tank with a biofilter. This model includes four compartments: a settling tank, an anaerobic chamber where large wastes are decomposed, a separator containing a filter with microorganisms, and an aerobic septic tank with forced ventilation.

The performance of the proposed wastewater treatment plants meets a wide variety of needs. There are small options for sale for servicing a family of one or two people, and entire treatment complexes for servicing a holiday village.

Material for production

Most models of modern multi-chamber devices used in private homes are made from PVC. Products made from stainless steel and fiberglass are often found.

Main advantage plastic products– light weight. Their installation does not require the use of special construction equipment. On the other hand, this quality is also a disadvantage, since the container can float or be subjected to mechanical impact soil. To protect the structure, concreting the walls of the pit and securing the septic tank with belts is used.

The choice of product material determines its service life and operational reliability:

  • Reinforced concrete rings used in the construction of settling tanks are not subject to destructive corrosion processes. To install them, you need to use special equipment.
  • Metal structures are durable and low cost. But perhaps these are the only advantages. Such types require additional waterproofing work. The inner walls are constantly in contact with active chemical material, which leads to destruction.
  • Fiberglass is a chemically neutral material, durable, lightweight and resistant to temperature changes.

For your information: Fiberglass products are the most practical to use and have a long service life.

For cleaning structures in country houses, factory-made or home-made settling tanks are used.

Options made with your own hands from scrap materials are suitable only for summer cottages with seasonal residence of several people. For a home with permanent residence, it is better to use a purchased installation that guarantees long-term and safe waste disposal.

The use of a two-chamber device allows for primary wastewater treatment and safe disposal of purified water into the soil.

Service

Trouble-free operation of a septic tank requires its maintenance. These works are carried out on our own or with the involvement of specialists.

Simple two-chamber structures, made by hand, are maintained by the home owners themselves. These works include pumping out solid fractions and sludge from the settling chamber, replacing microorganisms to decompose organic matter, and inspecting ventilation and overflow pipes.

The filter layer at the bottom of the leaking chamber should be replaced every three years. This should be done because the bottom becomes silted, which leads to a deterioration in its performance.

By performing these simple operations, you will extend the operation of your local sewage system for several years.

If your home is served by a multi-chamber treatment station, then its disassembly, filter cleaning, and membrane replacement should be carried out by qualified specialists.

Costs for local sewerage installation

The cheapest designs are sedimentation tanks or sewer tanks. If you dig a pit yourself, then the financial costs will only go to purchasing a container for wastewater. approximate price septic tanks with a volume of 1.4 to 5.0 thousand liters - 15.0-62.0 thousand rubles.

When installing a local sewer system, the costs include not only the purchase of sedimentation tanks, but also the purchase of pipes, waterproofing, and the purchase of components for.

The cost, consisting of two or three reinforced concrete settling tanks with waterproofing and a cushion of sand and crushed stone, is about 42.0-47.0 thousand rubles. The price depends on the diameter of the rings, their number, and the choice of water purification method.

The applied deep biological wastewater treatment plants have high cost. Arranged in the form of combined blocks, equipped with biofilters. They are made of reinforced concrete, plastic and metal. Price from 80.0 to 345.0 thousand rubles.

Popular models and principles of operation

  • two-chamber septic tank with drainage field. It allows you to make drains cleaner and use the services of a sewer cleaner less often. The drainage area occupies up to 30 square meters. areas underground. The distance from the house is at least 30 m;
  • multi-section settling tank with biofilter. Used when a family of 3–4 people permanently resides in country house and with high groundwater levels in the area.

The standard model consists of four sections: the settling tank itself, a chamber for breaking down coarse waste with anaerobic waste, a separator with microorganisms, and an aerobic septic tank that plays the role of a drainage field.

Designs can be found to meet a wide variety of user requirements. These could also be wastewater treatment plants. Rating:

  • "Triton". Compact in size three-chamber sump for a summer residence.

Available in models whose volume ranges from 2 to 40 cubic meters. Cleaning of coarse waste is carried out twice a year. The service life, if the rules are followed, is about 50 years.

During installation, the walls of the pit are concreted to securely secure the structure.

For small cottages with seasonal residence of one or two people, they use the two-chamber Triton-mini model.

  • "Tank". The septic tank is made of high-strength plastic.


The principle of operation is based on the gradual purification of wastewater using sedimentation and the use of biofilters. The main advantages include ease of installation, high level of purification, and low cost. Cleaning is carried out every five years.

  • "Topas". It is a volatile model, as it runs on electricity.

The wastewater undergoes purification in several stages: decomposition of large particles, reduction in the degree of their mineralization, mechanical removal of components. Allows you to purify wastewater by 98%, which is the best indicator. Purified water is used to water the soil.

In order to choose the right option, you should find out the requirements of its operation and study the conditions of the site. Then compare the characteristics of models offered by different manufacturers.

Useful video

Detailed analysis:

Everything on the shelves:

When planning the construction of a country house, along with drawing up a project for the building itself, it is necessary to design engineering systems, including drainage and wastewater treatment systems. To do this, you need to find out what types of septic tanks are used today so that you can choose the most suitable option.

Previously, the installation of an outdoor shower and a “birdhouse” toilet was considered the pinnacle of dacha improvement. These days, more and more owners prefer to equip their homes with a full set of plumbing fixtures.

And in this case, it is necessary to build a local drainage system. To dispose of wastewater from private households, a septic tank is usually used. Let's consider what types of this equipment exist and what features they have.

Classification

Septic tanks that can be included in local systems sewers can be classified according to several criteria:

  • by cleaning method;
  • by body material;
  • according to the installation method.

Varieties based on operating principle

For private households, the following types of septic tanks can be used:

  • storage tanks;
  • settling tanks with soil filtration;
  • installations with forced aeration, providing deep biopurification.

Let's look at the features of each option


Storage tanks

This is the simplest type of equipment; it is a volumetric sealed tank used for collecting and storing wastewater. It works on the same principle as a cesspool, the difference being the environmental safety of the storage tank. After all, the storage tank, unlike cesspools, prevents contaminated liquid from entering the ground.

As the storage tank fills, it will need to be cleaned. This work is carried out using sewage disposal machines. The contents of the container are pumped out by a pump into a tank installed on a vehicle and transported for disposal in the prescribed manner.

This option for organizing wastewater disposal can be recommended for a summer residence, provided that the volume of wastewater is small. Otherwise, the drive will need to be cleaned frequently, which will incur additional costs.

Septic tanks

This option is universal, it is recommended for small summer cottage or for a spacious country cottage. The difference in this case will be only in the volume of the settling tanks and the area of ​​the devices for post-treatment. The greater the daily volume of wastewater, the more capacious the settling tanks should be. To provide best quality cleaning, multi-stage settling is organized.


Advice! For an ordinary private house, it is recommended to purchase or build a two or three chamber septic tank. In such an installation, two chambers serve as a sump, and in the last one additional cleaning is carried out using biofilters.

These treatment plants work like this:

  • The first section of the installation, as a rule, is the most voluminous. Here the accumulation of wastewater and its primary settling occurs;
  • water enters the second section, which has already been freed from most of the large inclusions, here the liquid settles additionally, smaller undissolved particles that did not have time to precipitate in the first section settle to the bottom;
  • then the water enters the compartment with a biofilter, if it is included in the design of the treatment plant, and then is supplied to the soil filtration unit, where it is finally purified;


  • the sediment at the bottom of the settling tanks gradually becomes denser. Bacteria contained in wastewater initiate methane fermentation processes, due to which the sludge partially decomposes and decreases in volume. Due to this, it is not necessary to pump out sludge frequently; it is enough to perform this operation annually.

Advice! If the settling tanks are not cleaned in a timely manner, the sediment will begin to thicken, gradually reducing the volume of the chambers. And reducing the volume of settling tanks will lead to a deterioration in the quality of cleaning.

The advantages of this option:

  • simplicity of the device, reliability;
  • fairly high efficiency;
  • inexpensive and easy maintenance.
  • Significant volume of containers. In order for the water to settle well, it is necessary for the water to remain in the sump for at least 72 hours. Therefore, when water consumption is high, it is necessary to use large-capacity tanks.
  • The need to build soil filtration devices. This increases construction costs. It is especially difficult if the area has clay or high groundwater level.


Deep biopurification

A modern septic tank is no longer just a septic tank, but a station that provides complete cleaning in the shortest possible time. Due to this, the installations are compact in size, and there is no need to build devices for soil treatment. Principle of operation:

  • the first stage of processing is to settle the liquid;
  • but in the second section it is installed optional equipment- aerator. Through the holes of this device, air is supplied to the cleaned environment, which ensures the creation of conditions for the occurrence of biological aerobic processes;
  • then the liquid settles again and is sent to the outlet.

Advice! To ensure the highest level of purification, you can install an additional water disinfection unit using ultraviolet light.

Advantages of the option:

  • high quality waste treatment;
  • compactness, choosing a place to install a biorefinery station on a site near a country house is much easier than allocating space for installing settling tanks and filtration fields;
  • complete absence of odors, so residents and guests of the country house will not feel discomfort.


  • high installation cost;
  • need to connect electricity.

Materials

There are special requirements for materials for the manufacture of septic tanks, namely:

  • corrosion resistance;
  • strength;
  • tightness.

When equipping the local sewage system of a country house, the following septic tank options are most often used:

  • Brick. Previously, this was the most popular option, since tanks of any volume and shape can be made of brick. Moreover, the wave work can be done independently, without the involvement of construction equipment. This is important if the owners of a private house decide to do the construction on their own. The disadvantages of this option are the insufficient tightness of brick tanks and the need for additional waterproofing work.


  • Plastic. Currently, plastic septic tanks are the most used option for treatment plants recommended for use in autonomous sewage systems of a private home. Such installations can be purchased ready-made, or assembled independently using ready-made plastic containers of the required volume. Plastic models have a lot of advantages and only one drawback - they are too light and can float during the seasonal rise of groundwater.
  • Reinforced concrete. Reliable, heavy-weight structures. They can be prefabricated (from prefabricated reinforced concrete parts) or monolithic. The latter are more airtight, since they do not have seams, but prefabricated structures can be assembled much faster. The disadvantage is the laboriousness of installation, as well as the need to use special equipment.

Advice! Metal tanks are practically not used in the construction of sewerage systems for a private country house. Due to the metal's susceptibility to corrosion, a metal septic tank will not last long, and the use of stainless steel will make the treatment plant prohibitively expensive.

Installation method

According to the location of the sections, all treatment plants are divided into horizontally and vertically oriented. Vertical type treatment plants are the preferred option for a private home, as they require much less space during installation.


However, this option can only be used at low GWL. If the level of soil water is high, then you have to choose horizontal version. In this case, the depth of the reservoir will be small, but the area for installing the septic tank will require a significant amount. In addition, according to the installation method, underground and surface ones are distinguished. The latter option is chosen if local conditions do not allow installation in the ground.

What to consider when choosing?

To make the right choice of treatment plant, you need to consider the following factors:

  • daily amount of waste;
  • frequency of use (permanent, seasonal or periodic residence);
  • features of the geology of the site;
  • construction budget.

So, for a summer house used for periodic recreation, an inexpensive storage tank is quite suitable, but for a country house it is better to use more productive models - sedimentation tanks or biotreatment stations.

So there are different types septic tanks, so for any operating conditions you can choose the most optimal option. A properly selected and installed septic tank will last a long time, ensuring fairly high efficiency in the disposal of sewage wastewater.

These data confirm the need to determine personal criteria when searching for the best septic tank for a summer residence. In addition to the information noted above, you need to pay attention to the following data:

  • Actual waste volume (normal/maximum).
  • Possibility of careful maintenance, ensuring uninterrupted power supply.
  • Proposed installation method (independent/with the help of specialists).
  • Ground water level.
  • The thickness of the earth layer above the body and the corresponding loads.
  • Convenient access for equipment to remove accumulated wastewater.

Important! The best septic tank performs its functions without unnecessary difficulties and high operating costs. For an accurate assessment, all significant factors are analyzed in combination.

Regardless of the specific form (a drawing with dimensions, or a set of documentation in accordance with GOST), the materials must contain information not only about the septic tank. They indicate the number and parameters of straight pipes and other fittings, hoses and hatches for. Electric drives equipped with overheating and surge protection devices. Submersibles are complemented with convenient lifting devices for inspection and repair.




After carefully studying all the nuances of the project, the necessary adjustments are made to the equipment requirements. Make up exact list main system components and add-ons, building materials, tools. This work will help clarify the volume of future financial and labor costs.

Related article:

The article talks about how to do it. The description of the construction requirements is supplemented by reviews of effective technologies and ready-made models with characteristics and prices. This information will help you implement the project quickly and at reasonable costs.

Current rating of the best septic tanks for a country house


To determine which septic tank is best for a summer residence, the current rating is supplemented with consumer reviews. Warranty information and operating instructions will be useful.

Topas

A significant advantage of this brand is the specialized production of various treatment facilities:

Model Productivity, (m3 per day) / Permissible volume of one-time discharge (m3) price, rub. Notes

Topas-S4
0,8/125 95 x 97 x 2.5/21578500-86500 Compact system with one compressor.

Topas 4 PR
0,8/175 88 x 97 x 260/22595200-108900 Equipped with two compressors for active aeration of the compartment with aerobic microorganisms.

Topas 8 Long PR
3/1025 230 x120 x310/715251000-268800 Installation to meet large needs (up to 15 users). Such equipment is suitable for equipping large real estate objects.

Topol-Eco TOPAS-S 8 Pr
1,3/- 110900-115300 Equipment for deep cleaning with five working chambers. Non-volatile design.

For your information! On the official website you can buy a Topas septic tank inexpensively from the manufacturer. The price in the price list is not increased by the profits of intermediaries, so you can count on quite reasonable offers.

According to a separate request, the company creates complex type treatment facilities, specialized sets:

  • The Toplos line includes modifications:
    • “Aqua” – for purifying liquid from open reservoirs;
    • “KM” – container type installation;
    • “FL” – equipment for the detention of organic matter.
  • The removal of fatty impurities will be carried out by Toppolium.
  • The Toprein kit is intended for equipping gas stations and automobile workshops.

With the help of the listed products and other products of this company, specific problems can be solved at reasonable costs. When selling, the price with turnkey installation includes delivery and installation. This data will help clarify the volume of actual investment.

Tank

Treatment facilities under this brand are produced by Triton Plastic. Currently, this company offers the following range of country septic tanks Tank. The price in the table is as of August 2017:

Model of the "Tank" series Productivity, (cubic meters per day) Length x Width x Height (cm)/Weight (kg) Price of one/three products, rub.

1
0,6 120 x 100 x 170/8522700/17000

2
0,8 180 x 120 x 170/13032800/27500

2,5
1 203 x 120 x 185/14037900/32500

3
1,2 220 x 120 x 200/15044700/39500

4
1,8 360 x 100 x 170/22859000/54000

For your information! If you choose a septic tank, you should study the reviews of the owners with a duration of operating experience of at least several seasons. This will allow you to obtain objective information and take into account regular additional costs in economic calculations.

The manufacturer cites the following advantages of products in this series:

  • Their design has been well proven in practice, taking into account the opinions of real users.
  • This equipment performs its functions without consuming electricity and corresponding operating costs.
  • It can be installed in any soil.
  • We allow installation without concreting the base and rigidly attaching it to it using anchoring.
  • Good tightness is useful when the groundwater level is high.

Important! In official instructions, the company notes the need to remove bottom sediments when seasonal accommodation(in the fall, before preparing the cottage for winter). If the property is used constantly, such a procedure is needed no more than once every 5 years or less. Special sets of microorganisms are used to decompose sediments.

The prices indicated for the Tank septic tank are for the capital and the Moscow region. Discounts are provided not only for the number of products purchased. They are valid when ordering professional installation (+12,400 RUR).

Triton

The same manufacturer produces other polymer products. Under the Triton brand on domestic market The following series are presented:

  • “N” - storage tanks for waste with a volume of 1000 to 27,000 liters, costing 24,800-426,000 rubles.
  • “T” is a traditional septic tank design consisting of three separate chambers.
  • “P” – tanks for fire protection systems.
  • “K” – caissons
  • “PM” – devices for retaining fats for installation under.
Model of the Triton-T series Capacity volume, liters Diameter x length of tank, cm Approximate number of users
1 1000 120 x 1172
1,5 1500 120 x 1623
2,5 2500 120 x 2525
5 5000 120 x 47210
10 10000 150 x 60020
12 12000 200 x 405
30 30000 200 x 980

This kit is suitable for installation in a country house. The wall thickness of these products ranges from 10 to 15 mm, which provides good resistance to mechanical stress. Technical data is given in the table:

Name Capacity volume, liters Length x Width x Height in cm Weight, kg
Septic tank750 125 x 820 x 17085
Infiltration device400 180 x 800 x 40020

This set is not difficult to transport and install yourself. The manufacturer includes a neck and lids as standard. It is not necessary to purchase an infiltrator. Instead, you can use a filter field.

Termite

Septic tanks under this brand are created by Multiplast. This company produces products from polymers using vacuum and rotational forming technologies. Having our own design departments allows us to respond to market requirements in a timely manner. Equipped modern equipment production ensures cost minimization and excellent quality. It is permissible to manufacture solid-cast containers with a volume of up to 10 thousand liters.


The manufacturer emphasizes that for the manufacture of cases it uses only primary raw materials and high-quality polymers. One-piece casting and radial end flanges help maintain structural integrity even under heavy loads. The technical characteristics of products are checked by a series of special hydrodynamic tests.

Model of the Termite series Productivity, cubic meters per day Capacity volume, liters Length x Width x Height, cm Weight, kg Notes

Drive 1.2
0,4 1200 134 x 116 x 156.580 Storage capacity.

Pro 1.2
0,4 1200 134 x 116 x 156.580 The most compact septic tank with additional soil cleaning. Wall thickness – up to 20 mm.
Transformer 1.5S0,6 1500 200 x 80 x 200110 This equipment can be converted into a forced air cleaning station. Branded aeration kit available

Pro 2.5
1 2500 200 x 115.5 200.5135 Suitable for a family of 5 people.

Transformer 2.5 PR
1 2500 205 x 105 x 211155 Such a septic tank can be used.

For your information! When purchasing a Termite turnkey septic tank, the price includes installation work. But you need to make sure that these services are available for a specific region. Otherwise, you will have to organize the installation of the equipment yourself.

Unilos

The current product line includes two series of septic tanks in classic design:




These are complete cleaning stations that differ in the following characteristics:

  • Walls made of foamed polymer (polypropylene) create a layer of insulation that prevents bad influence changes in external temperature.
  • For forced air supply they use membrane technology, which helps extend the service life of the aerator to 10 years or more.
  • Removal of excess sludge (it is used as fertilizer) is carried out using a standard airlift.

You can purchase a suitable station taking into account the required distance from. When designing the route, the following restrictions apply:

Modification Outlet depth in cm for different drainage systems Maximum inlet depth, cm
Gravity Forced
"Standard"45 15 60
"Midi"60 30 90
"Long"120

The price of the Unilos Astra 5 septic tank (76-83 thousand rubles) cannot be called overpriced, taking into account its good consumer characteristics. This equipment provides full satisfaction of all drainage needs for a family of 4-5 people. It retains functionality with a salvo discharge of up to 250 liters. Electricity consumption does not exceed 60 W per hour.

Aqua-Bio

These treatment plants are capable of treating from 0.7 to 1.5 cubic meters. drains in 24 hours (5-10 users). The case thickness increased to 25 mm allows it to withstand heavy loads without damage. The manufacturer positions its products as intended for loamy and sandy soils and areas with low groundwater levels. It offers different neck heights in increments of 100 mm, so choosing the best option is not difficult.


For your information! A few years ago, the manufacturing company rebranded. Now the products in this series are called “BARS-Bio”.

Poplar

Modification Inlet pipe depth, cm Width x Depth x Height, cm Processing volume per day, cubic meters. Permissible salvo discharge, l

3
80 112 x 106 x 212.50,65 180

5
80 103 x 100 x 248.51 250

10
80 192.8 x 112 x 248.52 790

50
80 300 x 216 x 3008,9 1900

150 LONG
140 400 x 482 x 30024 4600

Drawing of the Tver 1P installation

Ecopan

The production association is the oldest specialized domestic enterprise. The application of accumulated experience in practice is manifested in good consumer characteristics and reasonable prices. All products of this type are provided with official certificates and a five-year warranty.

Septic tank Ecopan

Leader

This manufacturer creates tanks for local cleaning systems from polyethylene low pressure. To strengthen the structure, a special arrangement of power elements was used. Relatively small weight simplifies installation operations. Four stages provide a good level of cleaning. To remove sediment, the equipment is equipped with an airlift.

Model range parameters Units Limit values
Number of usersHuman2-15
liters
Schematic diagram cleaning station

For your information! The prices of Leader septic tanks, as well as similar products from other manufacturers, should be considered taking into account the specific configuration. IN in this case we're talking about about modern, well-equipped equipment.

Comparison of different models

The prices listed below for septic tanks for summer cottages will change over time. However, these data are suitable for objective comparative analysis.

Model range parameters Units Limit values
Maximum one-time resetliters400-3000
Number of wastewater treated in 24 hoursm.cub.
Manufacturer/Model Productivity, m3/day Dimensions, cm Weight, kg Price
Triton Plastic/Triton-T 2.5120 x 25248000

Multiplast/Termite Transformer 2.5 S
1 205 x 105 x 211145 45000

Unilos/Astra 5
1 103 x 100 x 199.5250 71600

Granit-M/ Topol
1 103 x 100 x 248.583300

TD "Engineering Equipment" / Tver - 1 monday
1 300 x 110 x 167180 112300

Software "Pankom"/Ecopan L5
1 255 x 144 x 164210 97500

Alexis LLC / Leader 1
1 270 x 145 x 165150 105000

For your information! When creating a septic tank for your home with your own hands, you must take into account the total costs of construction and auxiliary work, the purchase of compressors and other factory products.