Baroque to translate into reality is actually not a very simple task. The style is quite expensive. Materials and accessories for it must be selected as carefully as possible.
Its second name is the palace style. A baroque living room will be such a room where there is a fairly rich finish, complex decorative elements, as well as a variety of materials used.
On the photos of baroque living rooms proposed in this article, you can clearly see for yourself what kind of style it is and how it should be designed correctly.
Many elements in this style are antique. Geometry here is considered to be curvilinear forms, which increases the level of their dynamism. A real baroque style will fit perfectly into a large living room, where you can swing well, so to speak on a grand scale.
The main emphasis here should be placed on the plasticity of lines and shapes, as well as decor items.
When designing the interior of a baroque living room, one should be guided by the basic principle of momumentalization. It is common to use ornateness, ornaments, volumes, and also be sure to remember the richness of the decor.
Indispensable elements here are painting (in particular, frescoes) along with stucco. Moreover, they are used to decorate walls and ceilings. To decorate the walls, long variants of fabric carpets are also used here.
The central point here will be one or even several large mirrors. They also must be decorated with stucco and gilding. Here images of branches on trees, large leaves, large flowers are used. They are also the motifs on which the ornaments used in baroque living rooms are made.
Here it is also worth mentioning the mandatory presence of items with instructions using expensive materials, from which silver and gold are used. Also worth using: marble, copper, ivory, mosaic, etc. As you have already noticed in the photo, the living room in the Baroque style is decorated with paintings, sculptures, statues, tapestries, living plants, flowers.
Dematerialization also plays a significant role here. In other words, paintings, sculpture in the decor become as if incorporeal, and architectural elements are the most picturesque.
It should be noted that classicism is preserved in this style. This symmetry option should be taken into account when decorating and arranging furniture. Despite the fact that it is a real art in the interior of the baroque style living room.
Every piece of furniture, no matter what it is, is upholstered here with expensive materials, on which there are lush ornaments. As for cabinet furniture, it is necessarily large-sized, with impressive dimensions.
At a time when real baroque style was in trend, furniture was made from southern walnut, Ceylon ebony.
Today, with the help of expensive wood, the historical style can also be perfectly recreated. However, it can be replaced by cheaper analogues. But, the shape and upholstery must be preserved.
Decorating the design of the baroque living room, the following furniture is suitable here:
If the hall is together with the dining area, the table in it should be with a solid wood top with marble and mother-of-pearl decoration. The most preferred round shape.
In general, a baroque living room is sure to be saturated with bright colors. Light and shadow play here. As for the choice of colors, gold is chosen. It will be everywhere - in paintings, upholstery, furniture, textiles, etc. Applicable it can be in tablecloths, candelabra, mirrors. For example, pink, which was used in the old days, will be an excellent backdrop for emphasizing the sophistication of luxurious items in the interior. Pale gold is used only in some details.
Doorknobs should also be gilded, as are some light fixtures. Floor trim dark color, most preferably anthracite/blackcurrant.
Choose red capes, velvet fabrics - for capes, silk. The same goes for accessories and decorative elements. The windows here are best decorated with heavy curtains. Every corner in great attention. And be sure to combine everything perfectly with each other!
Empire
Style first thirds of XIX century, completing the evolution of classicism. He used the same motifs of ancient architecture as the classicism of the 18th century. (order system, a portico with columns, crowned with a pediment or attic and highlighting the central part of the building, rustication of the lower tier), but differed by the desire for greater rigor and simplicity, and in some cases - for severe massiveness of forms. Military emblems predominate in the architectural decor of the Empire style (lictor bundles, laurel wreaths, torches, geniuses of glory, etc.).
Luxury is the main element of this style. Empire in the interior repeats the desire to demonstrate grandeur through the use of elements such as columns, pilasters, cornices. What largely distinguishes the Empire style from other areas of classicism is the decor: gilding on furniture, frescoes, always bright ceilings with stucco molding and the unchanging heads and paws of animals and birds. Interior design in the Empire style is impossible to imagine without heavy, massive furniture with details reminiscent of architectural objects - arches, columns. It was during the period of dominance in the design of the Empire style that the use of expensive mahogany furniture became popular. In general, the Empire style is the personification of imperial luxury, where classical austerity coexists with restrained, but rather impressive decor.
Revolutionary symbols (oak branches, spear); warlike character of the ornament - bows, arrows, quivers, trophies, lions, imperial eagles, laurel wreaths; the door panel is often decorated with a flying female figure in the spirit of Pompeian paintings, garlands of wide borders alternate with images of swans and sphinxes.
AR Deco
Art Deco style is the face of the Jazz Age and the period of interwar prosperity, a visual reflection of the "roaring 20s". Art Deco is a symbol of wealth and luxury of the new century, which is reflected in everything: expensive materials (precious woods, skins of exotic animals, Ivory), bright saturated color combinations, as a rule, more than 3 colors are used, and it looks surprisingly coherent and unexpectedly beautiful with the wide use of metal in the design (aluminum, of stainless steel, bronze), obligatory inclusion of numerous decorative elements - sculptures, stucco moldings, mosaics (popular "heroes" of art deco: birds, exotic animals, languid female figures). However, unlike the sophisticated Empire style, Art Deco interior design is distinguished by rationality and thoughtfulness and is not overloaded with decor beyond measure. Classic clean lines and the use of simple geometric shapes are not overshadowed in Art Deco interiors by excessive and kitschy decor.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Geometric shapes: right angles and lines, strict vertical articulation. Elements in the form of zigzags, triangles.
Baroque
Baroque style - characterizes all directions in the life of Europeans at the end of the XVII - early XVIII century. Baroque is not only another stage in the development of classicism in architecture, design, painting and sculpture, but also a whole era associated with a certain worldview, a system of views of Europeans on the surrounding reality. The Baroque era is considered the real beginning of the heyday of Western civilization. Baroque is characterized by solemnity and splendor, all possible ways of visually increasing space - due to colonnades, complex, multi-tiered domes, pilasters. Baroque is characterized by an abundance of sculptures on the facade and inside the premises. Baroque in the interior echoed the general architectural features of the style - twisted columns, stucco, numerous mirrors, which are responsible for creating the effect of additional space, large window openings. Baroque furniture is necessarily soft, varied - couches, footstools, numerous legs and curved shapes characteristic of Baroque design. Carpets, wood and tapestries are other baroque furnishings. One of the forms of baroque, phase or even direction is rococo. The Rococo style, like the Baroque, is an exaggerated, emphasized theatricality in interior design, sophistication and an abundance of decorative elements.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Heavy garlands of flowers and fruits, shell motifs; the favorite shape in interior decor is the oval. In addition to classical acanthus, trophies, the ornament abounds with volutes, cartouches, dragons, vases with flowers; diamond-shaped mesh with small rosettes (trellis); an ornament imitating a lambrequin decorated with tassels; decorative composition with a central figure of a deity or a mythological character in an ornamental frame.
Rococo
Rococo in the interior is distinguished by playfulness, increased attention to mythology and erotic scenes in the design, and in general, hints at the intimacy and privacy of the rococo-style room. The plane of the wall is broken by mirrors and decorative panels in an asymmetrical whimsical frame, consisting of curls - not a single straight line, not a single right angle. Rococo art was built on asymmetry. Rococo dresses up every thing, covers it with garlands of curls, inlays, patterns. If we talk about colors, then this style was characterized by the so-called foamy pastels with coral pink, gray-blue, soft green, lavender and pale yellow hues. In its modern incarnation, the Rococo style involves the use of one pastel color, contrasting it with another, usually a complementary color. This approach revitalizes all used color scheme and the view of the room gets a second wind.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Asymmetry (oblique axis of the composition, curvilinear contours dominating straight ones); motifs of S- and C-shaped curls intertwined with each other; shell motifs plays leading role, the shell turns into a palmette, the conditional ornament is called rocaille. Venus becomes the main mythological deity, she is surrounded by cupids, nymphs, satyrs.
Greek
Greek style is architecture ancient rome and Greece. This style originated in the lands Aegean Sea so long ago that it was considered the progenitor and even a kind of standard for such trends as Classicism, Neoclassicism, Renaissance. Since the Romans were students of the Greeks, they immediately adopted the Greek style, supplementing it with their own elements (dome, arch-order cell).
Interior in Ancient Greece distinguishes rationality and simplicity, aesthetics, harmony and clarity. "Human" dimension - proportions that do not dominate, but are commensurate with the inhabitants of the dwelling. The inner courtyard is an obligatory component of the Greek dwelling, and the plan of the whole house was formed around it. A circle inscribed in a square is not only a favorite motif Greek ornament, but also the cornerstone of Greek philosophy: harmony and perfection of form with depth of content. At first glance, it is not easy to fit the Greek style into a modern apartment. But for professionals, nothing is impossible. The Greek style is, first of all, a large rectangular hall, along the perimeter of which there are doors to the rest of the room. Therefore, at the very beginning of the renovation in the Greek style, it will be necessary to make redevelopment in order to be able to reflect the Greek style. Most of our apartments cannot boast of a large area, so if you like the Greek style, but you have small rooms, you can limit yourself to purchasing different element decor in this style. Another feature of the Greek style is that columns should be located at the corners of the hall - an invention of the ancient Romans. Greek-style columns are smooth, with capitals, they support the ceiling beams. The contrast of white columns, borders, white furniture and sculptures with the rich color of the walls - ocher-yellow, red or sky-blue, pastel colors next to marble veins - is the "calling card" of the style. The ceiling of the Greek style can be either smooth or embossed with floral ornaments. Well, what is the Greek style without Greek vases and sculptures!
Niches can be made in the walls, in which decorations will be placed that emphasize the Greek style. If you plan to use the Greek style in all rooms of the apartment, then it is better to arrange each room in original style so that the ornaments do not repeat. The floor in the hallway can be laid out with ceramic granite, which will resemble the ancient mosaics that characterize the Greek style, and in some rooms you can lay handmade carpets. A real Greek-style fireplace will add solidity to the interior, but in apartments it is better to install an electric fireplace, framed with stucco molding that will imitate the Greek style.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Columns, motifs of grapes, flowers and fruits, sculptures, Greek vases on stands.
Egyptian
The mysterious Egyptian civilization continues to intrigue people millennia later. Perhaps that is why, one of the popular trends in ethnic style in interior design is Egyptian. The Egyptian-style interior is characterized by the use of columns, sculpture, frescoes and bas-reliefs. All forms are simple, straight lines with rounded corners and arches. Interior design in the Egyptian style is usually made in warm light colors, because great empire ancient worshiped the sun god Ra. All shades of yellow - from the color of dunes to gold - these colors are preferred by designers when creating interiors in the Egyptian style. Fabrics play a rather large role - numerous draperies, canopies of light shades - beige and white - all these are indispensable elements of the Egyptian style. Fabrics are also used light and usually plain. The main pieces of furniture in Egypt were chairs and couches. For them, dark woods were used, which were covered with carvings, enamel and inserts of gilding, mother-of-pearl. From decorative items, you can use vases, mats, figurines of mythological creatures and deities. The Egyptian style will be emphasized by interior items brought from the homeland of the pharaohs, especially since it is impossible to get them great complexity.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Hieroglyphs are the leading ornament; the cult of the sun acquires great importance and ornamentation is based on plant motifs - lotus, papyrus, palm trees, vines, branches fruit trees, images of birds, fish and animals. Geometric patterns predominate; softening and plasticity of forms. The desire to avoid right angles, round the places of inflections.
Classicism
Classicism is a timeless style that does not lose its relevance and is not subject to fleeting fashion. Classicism in architecture is a tribute to the ancient standards of beauty and forms in architecture, which for many centuries continue to fascinate and win hearts. The cornerstones of classicism - harmony, restraint and straightforwardness of forms, symmetry and simplicity - always remain in demand and relevant, and the classics in the interior invariably finds new fans.
Classical interior design is relevant both in the design of private houses and apartments, and in public spaces. Large companies and offices of banks and financial institutions with the help of classic design interiors often emphasize strong traditions and sustainability of their business - after all, classicism is a style that has passed the longest test of time. Modern classics in the interior is not a synonym for "monotonity" and "banality" - it appears in numerous forms and may look more relevant and original than a high-tech interior.
Classicism in the interior can organically reflect the national flavor of housing or public space, complemented by non-standard modern materials, but at the same time preserve the “general line” of the style, striving for harmony of shapes and colors.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Static and balanced ornament with clear distinct divisions of straight lines, squares, rectangles, circles, ovals; sockets are used - square, rectangular, round, oval; acanthus leaves, laurel, flowers, palmettes, knots and loops of twisted cords; carved ornaments of doors and piers consist of a repetition of a simple motif - garlands of leaves, acanthus, ionics, olive, farming attributes (Yerp, rakes, wicker baskets), symbols of love - a torch, kissing birds.
Roman
The Roman style has ancient roots, it took shape over the centuries, changed somewhat, but was invariably original in its execution. The Roman style is inextricably linked with arches, as they are able to create a perspective, pilasters, but all this magnificence can be completed by a stucco rosette mounted on the end wall , which will give this ensemble a certain completeness. Roman style, in terms of wall niches, fits well with new compartments and antique mirrors with a table. The color scheme of the walls, if the Roman style is used, should have a highlight with decor and differ at the same time in contrasts in the form of peace or a certain activity. The living room, which has a Roman style, can be tiled with the outlines of natural stone or marble. The frescoes and decorative plaster will reflect the Roman style just as well. It is impossible to imagine the Roman style in the interior of the living room without niches in the walls, which would be filled with various antique vases and busts.
Since ancient times, the Roman style has been distinguished by its extraordinary height in terms of engineering. Roman style taught us to different types buildings, unusual compositions, and most importantly, scale. First of all, the Roman style attracts not only with a certain power, beauty and massive decorative effect, but also with the fact that it is able to adapt to any practical and everyday issues. The Roman style is characterized by expediency and logic, precise scale and proportions, as well as conciseness.
The Roman style has always been associated with wealth and opulence. The main task that the Roman style carries in itself is the convenience of the premises for living, as well as its beauty of perception. Roman style combines functionality, aesthetics and the desire for harmony between them.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Ornamental motifs from oak leaves, piña cones, grapes, palm trees, ears; magnificent garlands of flowers and fruits, figures of people; endless variety of weaving motifs.
Romanticism 
Romanticism is considered characteristic style for creative and poetic natures. The style of romanticism is characterized by refinement, elegance, plasticity of lines. Romanticism is light and refined interior style. Romantic style interior is one of the key concepts of modern design. First of all, he is distinguished by a deep individuality, because era of romanticism focuses on the personality and its individual perception.
Romanticism is, as it were, out of time, as it is in no hurry to part with old beautiful things. romantic style sets people up for a pleasant pastime with their families, attracts us with light nostalgia. Restraint is characteristic of modern romanticism. Color spectrum interior is selected mainly from natural tones, creamy white is suitable in combination with pink and lilac shades. The walls are usually made plain and light for the bathroom and kitchen, and for the living room, bedroom and dining room, you can use brighter colors - cream, peach, light brown. Striped wallpaper with a discreet geometric or floral pattern, often textile. The walls at the top are often finished with a stucco cornice or border, and at the bottom with a wooden one. decorative panel, which can be made in color with wallpaper. Floor covering - parquet or carpet. Very elegant interior in Romantic style will be complemented by a fireplace, around which sofas and armchairs are placed. In the spirit of romanticism, there will also be flowers - dry roses, daisies in bouquets and vases, fresh flowers in pots. Items and Attributes romantic interior should not overload the premises. These are graceful small figurines, candles in high candlesticks, pillows different sizes, porcelain dolls, books and much more. Romantic Interior Design- the most comfortable and very cozy accommodation, the way it should be. In general, the style of romanticism is always elegance, special warmth and an attempt to get closer to the ideal. The main thing is not to overdo it with the decor, observe the overall color, adhere to color unity and remember - everything is good in moderation.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Folklore and natural forms of decor. Particularly relevant for romanticism is a floral ornament, the motifs of which are stylized flowers, shoots, leaves and branches of plants, and the forms of the ornament may, as a result, differ from natural forms and even not coincide with them at all; the use of smooth plastic lines in the decor - the absence of sharp corners and sharply defined shapes; discreet geometric or floral pattern.
Renaissance 
The Renaissance style arose during the Renaissance and dominated the 15th-17th centuries. The era of the flourishing of culture and science could not but be reflected in the architecture and interior decoration of palaces - an accentuated richness of decoration, borrowed from ancient Greek and Roman traditions, reigns throughout. So, the Renaissance in the interior is characterized by large spacious rooms, decorated with rounded arches and columns. The style pays a lot of attention to decor, mostly borrowed from large architectural forms - columns, cornices and pilasters, antique sculptures, leaf ornaments, wall and ceiling paintings. Despite the general eclecticism of the Renaissance, inspired by ancient architecture and the Gothic style, the fundamental principle is still quite a rational principle of the golden section, which allows the interior to drown in a heap of decor. The Renaissance style in the interior is characterized by the use of massive furniture made of ebony or light wood (oak, walnut). The bed and wardrobes become the central pieces of furniture - they have a rather monumental appearance, like tables - round on one central leg, designed in the form of a column, or square and oval on two massive supports. In addition to wood, the Renaissance in the interior is characterized by the abundant use of marble. Yes, wide marble staircase can serve as a central element of the house, made in the Renaissance style.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Leaves of acanthus, oak, vine; different elements of the animal world in combination with the image of a naked human body. Ionics, beads, meander, braid, scales, ribbon, shell motif, diamond rust are used; coat of arms in a wreath of flowers, supported by "putti" (naked plump babies). Motifs of Roman decor are used - pearl threads, plant shoots, a cornucopia, lion heads, dolphins, winged sphinxes; grotesque (images of intertwining plant shoots and curls of acanthus with human figures, half-figures, masks, chimeras).
Eclecticism
Eclecticism as a style in architecture appeared in 1830 and was popular until the end of the 19th century, going through several stages of its development. In general, eclecticism met the requirements of the era - an increase in construction volumes, an increase in the importance of the functionality of buildings. In addition, the appearance architectural style"eclecticism" is associated with some fatigue from the rigid framework of the previous classical styles in architecture. Despite the frequent perception of eclecticism as a kind of bad taste, it successfully entered into use in the era of romanticism, where the ideas of rejecting rigid rules and canons dominated and freedom of movement, expression of thoughts and forms were put in contrast. As an architectural style, eclecticism was the result of the rethinking of previous styles, replacing one another. Eclecticism in the interior is a combination of two or three styles close to each other - baroque, empire, classicism, baroque. Unlike the fusion style, eclecticism still remains within the boundaries of harmoniously combined with each other directions in design that do not contradict each other. This rule also applies at the level of harmoniously combined materials, colors, textures. The eclectic style in the interior is characterized by the use a large number textiles, soft curved and rounded shapes, an abundance of decor and often ethnic motifs. Now eclecticism does not lose its relevance due to the desire for a certain love of freedom in the interior. Eclectic style rooms often use vintage items and handmade furniture, numerous pillows emphasizing comfort.
Eclecticism is popular not only in creating private interiors of apartments, apartments and houses, but also in creating the interiors of offices, public spaces of boutiques, salons, hotels and other premises for mass visits.
Modern
Art Nouveau (or Art Nouveau) is a popular trend in art, including architecture and design, which appeared in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Art Nouveau was a kind of response to obsolete eclecticism - a mixture of classical styles that were popular in previous centuries. For the architectural style of Art Nouveau, as well as for its other manifestations, the rejection of symmetry, straight lines and clear geometry that dominated classicism was characteristic. Art Nouveau design is characterized by curves, rounded lines, layering and asymmetry. Simplicity replaces the pathos and conservatism of neoclassicism and empire. Art Nouveau decor was the best combination of functionality and decorativeness. Moreover, the decor in modernity is not a pompous excess and not a necessary manifestation of status, but a rather unobtrusive inclusion - floral ornaments(the most famous symbol of modernism is the iris). From the point of view of the interior, the Art Nouveau style promoted the rejection of right angles, novelty, experimentation and originality, moving away from monumentality towards "natural", natural lines and elements. Art Nouveau strongly enough encouraged the development of applied art. therefore, in architecture in the Art Nouveau style, interiors, furniture, stained-glass windows, and even utensils created in the same style are often used (ceramics were especially heavily influenced by Art Nouveau). Art Nouveau interiors fit perfectly into the spaces modern apartments- it is perfectly matched by large spaces, the popularity of original and non-conservative design solutions, the desire for simplification and rationalization without sacrificing elegance. All this is perfectly embodied in modern design.
Characteristic ornament of stucco decoration:
Everything that is created by nature - plants, mollusk shells, fish scales, the play of water flows, therefore, the principle of natural growth - from the inside out - was taken as the basis for the tectonic structure of the building. Wavy curved lines that express the dynamics in the plane; motifs of the sea wave, climbing plants, flowers of irises, lilies, cyclamens, as well as swan necks rhyming with plant forms, languid and pale female faces - virgins with long wavy hair, twisting arms and flowing folds of magnificent clothes.
Gothic 
Gothic (from Italian gotico - "Gothic, from the name of the German tribe ready") developed in the XII-XV centuries in northern France. This is the first pan-European style, which in the twentieth century becomes an international epithet. Everything elongated, pointed, stretching upward with all its might is perceived by us as "Gothic": ancient Russian hipped temples, expressionism Novgorod icons, even American skyscrapers. Play it clean Gothic style in a modern room is quite difficult, but elements of this style are actively used both in interior design country houses and apartment interior design. Lancet stained glass windows, forged spiral staircases - all this is in perfect harmony with the decorative design of artificial stone. To finish the basement of the walls and the fireplace area, samples are used that imitate smooth cobblestone, expressive wild stone, rough limestone. The necessary "castle" effect is also created by framed artificial stone door portals and window openings. An interesting impression arises from the use of contrasting colors and textures.
Ornamental stucco decoration: rectilinear geometric shapes turn into curvilinear weaves, forms of a lancet arch, a spherical triangle; plant motifs of the local flora (burdock, oak, ivy, clover, rose), the motif of the two-leaf and shamrock is widespread, as well as human heads, figures, episodes from the Bible, centaurs, sirens, leaves turning into faces; sculptural stone friezes in the form of tightly woven and twisted branches and leaves; architectural forms are transformed into ornamental motifs.
ultrabaroque
Ultra-Baroque (Neo-Baroque, from the Portuguese perola barroca - “pearl of a bizarre shape”) is a style of paradoxical personalities, lovers of life who can feel the taste of every moment. The concept of the Ultrabaroque style dictates the interpenetration of genres and trends, a combination of sensual and intellectual, refined and rough, asceticism and arrogant luxury, reality and mysticism. In semicircles, ovals, rectangles that make up the main lines of the house, vaulted and domed forms of bizarre roofs, towers and turrets, numerous stucco balconies and bay windows, framed around the perimeter with floral decor. Behind the external splendor, pomposity and demonstrative well-being, a sense of illusoryness, fragility and sophistication hovers. Carved columns with sumptuous capitals, elaborate façade, tense and dynamic constructions of the house, lush and massive front staircases betray a desire for grandeur and almost royal comfort, but in interior design the rooms are dominated by graceful and playful lines, whimsical ornament gives rise to amazing associations. In interior design in the Ultrabaroque style, it is important to observe the measure - no matter how strange it may sound: after all, this style, which has many faces and eagerly absorbed the most striking features of many trends, by no means excludes the presence of taste and exacting selectivity. Diverse ceramic tile- a great assistant in the design inner space in the style of the interior Ultrabaroque.
Stucco decoration ornament: ornate lines, fancy ornaments; theatrical fusion of baroque ornaments; stucco is decorated with flowers, leaves, birds; lack of straight lines and angles; graceful, whimsical ornamental rhythm dominates; bizarre convex-concave asymmetric pattern; vegetable decor; in addition to classical acanthus and trophies, the ornament is replete with volutes, cartouches, dragons, and vases with flowers.
Baroque is not so much a style in which the interiors of houses and building facades are decorated, but also a peculiar way of life, which is characterized by splendor and solemnity. Baroque is rightfully considered one of the most luxury styles not only in architecture, but also in design. It originated at the end of the 17th century in Rome, and then became popular in Florence, Venice and gradually gained recognition among the inhabitants of all Europe. Despite the fact that the peak of the popularity of the style came in the 18th century, today it also has a wide distribution and many adherents.
Features of baroque interiors
An integral part of the Baroque is architectural stucco. The interiors of rooms decorated in this style are real examples of palace art and are distinguished by their scale and royal grandeur. A variety of graceful frames, cornices, twisted columns play an important role. At the same time, ornately curved lines that resemble climbing stems are inherent not only decorative stucco but also furniture details. In the Baroque style, colors became widespread noble gold and white tones. Shades such as ruby wine, sky sapphire, emerald and various colors of precious metals are also used.
Characteristic features of baroque stucco
Advantages of gypsum stucco
Environmental friendliness. Gypsum is a safe material that does not release into the environment harmful substances. Flexibility. Through their specifications gypsum makes it possible to produce decorative elements according to the most complex individual drawings and drawings.
Durability. Gypsum has high strength, so decorative stucco elements are used to decorate buildings not only inside, but also outside. In addition, many stucco decorations from the era of romanticism, renaissance, classicism, etc., have survived to this day.
Soundproofing. Gypsum is considered good soundproof material owing to which it is quite often used for construction purposes.
Ease of processing and restoration. This material perfectly lends itself to any work aimed at its restoration. Hygroscopicity. Gypsum stucco is able to regulate the humidity in the room. It can absorb moisture at its high concentration and give it back when there is too dry air in the room.
Our offers
In the Stucco workshop "Arcade" you can buy stucco molding (baroque), which is used to decorate the facades of buildings and decorate interiors. We have presented various options columns, pilasters, rosettes, moldings, beams, brackets, skirting boards, as well as a variety of patterns, corner elements and other types of stucco. If desired, our specialists will manufacture decorative elements according to the original design project, which will emphasize your perfect sense of taste. You can see photos of stucco molding in our
Baroque is a direction of European art, characteristic of the 17th - early 18th century. The style represents not only a new stage in the development of classicism in architecture, stucco decoration, painting, design and sculpture, but also an entire era, a system of views, and the worldview of the Europeans of that time.
The baroque style is characterized by external solemnity, splendor, the desire for all kinds of things. visual magnification space due to a complex cascade, colonnades, pilasters. The baroque style is characterized by an abundance of sculptures both outside the room, on the facade, and inside. Interior meets general style the presence of twisted columns, numerous mirrors, creating a visual effect of increasing space. Large window openings and, of course, stucco molding are also used. Baroque interiors use a variety of cushioned furniture with legs of a characteristically curved shape, carpets and tapestries, they are characterized by a general accentuated exaggeration, a certain theatricality of performance, sophistication and an abundance of decorative elements.
Made in the Baroque style, the use of an ornament from heavy, massive garlands of flowers and fruits, shells is inherent. The main figure in the interior is an oval. There is also a diamond-shaped grid in the ornament - a trellis, a lambrequin imitating a curtain and decorated with tassels. As a rule, a decorative composition is created in the interior, the center of which is the figure of a deity or some mythological character. In addition, vases with flowers, trophies, cartouches and volutes are found in the decor.
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The Baroque style (Italian barocco, literally - bizarre, strange) is born in Italy and spreads in most European countries, acquiring in each its own special national features. Baroque works are distinguished by non-compliance with the rules of Renaissance harmony for the sake of more emotional interaction with the viewer.
General characteristics
Historical characteristic of the Baroque
In the 17th century the economy and the arts developed rapidly. The colonial powers of the Atlantic, from Spain to Great Britain, became especially strong; France was considered an exemplary country of absolutist forms of government and practical economic policy.
In territorially fragmented Italy, thanks to the Counter-Reformation movement, Rome acquired a new meaning, and the construction of religious buildings received a strong impetus. Under these conditions, the German princes, who began a new stage of construction at the end of the 17th century, naturally relied on foreign models. French absolutism had a great influence on them. Louis XIV. Each feudal lord - no matter how small the territory that belonged to him - copied his residence from Versailles. And every Catholic bishop or abbot hoped, by building a domed church in imitation of Rome, to strengthen the influence of counter-reformist tendencies.
The basis of the economy of this period was agriculture, but it was clear that it was not enough to carry out construction programs. In this regard, large feudal lords began to help create manufactories, thereby contributing to the development of capitalist production relations.
Despite the fact that European architecture of the XVII - XVIII centuries. does not seem uniform, being dynamic in Italy, serious in France, it is united general concept"baroque".
Princely castles and cult buildings were the primary objects of construction, personifying the resistance to the Reformation, residence cities and monasteries were necessary additions. The nascent bourgeois class had not yet built significant public buildings. Among the Protestant religious buildings, the Frauenkirche in Dresden has remained almost the only outstanding work.
The influence of the Enlightenment began to be felt in the 1730s and was reflected in the increased intimacy of the buildings. Small elegant castles surrounded by parks became a favorite place for the princes to stay. The asymmetrical rocaille ornament of this period gave the name to the style - "rococo".
Baroque building features
During the Renaissance, the construction of cities was given Special attention. The bourgeoisie is not satisfied with crooked cramped medieval lanes. The idea of a city of a centric type arises, reflecting the synthesis of rational forms of Roman military camps with the naturally developing concentric structures of medieval cities.
Interest in the urban landscape, the everyday life of the townspeople stimulated the development of perspective painting, genre compositions, Renaissance art in general.
Another side of practical urban planning, which implemented new principles in already established cities, was the creation of compositions in an amorphous urban environment, which later became centers of urban ensembles. The Baroque draws on the landscape as one of the main components of the urban ensemble. The architectural formation of urban centers continues. At the same time, the square loses the functional and democratic content inherent in it in the era early medieval(place of trade, public gatherings). It becomes an adornment of the city, its front part, hiding the elements of intra-quarter development.
The streets during the Renaissance did not receive much attention. During the Baroque period, the main streets are laid out in the form of wide avenues (Via Corso in Rome, overlooking Piazza del Popolo). The ensemble of Piazza del Popolo is an example of a three-beam composition illustrating the principles of baroque in urban planning. Two churches, built during the reconstruction of the square, cut the city traffic into three channels and are oriented with their apses not to the east, but in accordance with the town planning plan, the entrance to the north.
In the architecture of the Renaissance, the development of a project from the standpoint of theoretical mechanics, its engineering justification, is of great importance. There is a differentiation between the work of the designer and the builder. The architect now supervised the construction, but was not one of the masters directly involved in the work. At the same time, he not only worked out the entire project in detail, often on a model, but also thought through the course construction works, the use of building mechanisms for lifting and installation.
The return to the ancient human-scaled and constructively truthful - order systems in the choice of artistic means of expression is explained by the general humanistic orientation of the Renaissance culture. But already in the early works, the order is used to dismember and enhance the expressiveness of the wall on the facade and in the interior, and later two or three order "decorations" of different scales are superimposed on the wall plane, creating the illusion of depth of space. The architects of the Renaissance overcame the strict ancient relationship between design and form and developed, in essence, purely aesthetic norms of “pictorial” tectonics, the correspondence of which to the constructive and spatial logic of the structure was observed depending on the formulation of the general artistic task.
In the Baroque era, the illusory deep interpretation of the wall continues with real three-dimensional compositions in the form of sculptural groups, fountains (Palazzo Poli with the Trevi Fountain). It is not accidental, therefore, that Renaissance architects were interested in working on urban ensembles and a decisive turn towards understanding architecture as an organized environment. But in the feudal era, the scale of the implementation of urban planning initiatives rarely went beyond the ensembles of palace or cathedral squares.
O. Choisy, characterizing the Renaissance, wrote that the superiority of the Renaissance lies in the fact that he did not know the types of art that were independent of each other, but he knew only a single art in which all ways of expressing beauty merge.
Characteristic features of the Baroque
Baroque embodies new ideas about the eternal variability of the world. It is distinguished by grandiosity, pomp and dynamics, a passion for spectacular spectacles, strong contrasts of scale and rhythm, materials and textures, light and shadow, a combination of the illusory and the real.
Thanks to the bizarre plasticity of the facades, complex curvilinear plans and outlines, baroque palaces and churches acquire picturesqueness and dynamism. They seem to blend into the environment.
Baroque interiors are decorated with multicolored sculptures, moldings, and carvings; mirrors and murals illusoryly expand the space, and ceiling painting creates the illusion of open vaults.
Decorative multifaceted compositions of a religious, mythological or allegorical nature, ceremonial portraits predominate in painting and sculpture. When depicting a person, states of tension, exaltation, and increased drama are preferred. In painting, the emotional, rhythmic and coloristic unity of the whole, often the unconstrained freedom of the stroke, acquires great importance; in sculpture - the picturesque fluidity of form, the richness of aspects and impressions.
Baroque building types
The baroque is characterized by the complexity of plans, the splendor of interiors with unexpected spatial and lighting effects, the abundance of curves, plastically curving lines and surfaces; clarity classical forms contrasted with sophistication in shaping. Painting, sculpture, painted wall surfaces are widely used in architecture.
The architectural forms of the Baroque inherited the Italian Renaissance, but surpassed it in complexity, diversity and picturesqueness. Strongly flared facades with profiled cornices, columns, semi-columns and pilasters colossal for several floors, luxurious sculptural details, often fluctuating from convex to concave, give the structure itself movement and rhythm. Not a single detail is independent, as it was during the Renaissance. Everything is subordinated to the general architectural design, which includes the design and decoration of interiors, as well as landscape gardening and urban architectural environment.
