If indoors high ceilings, then you should also pay attention to buildings made of a series of steps with a 90-degree turn. To make the ascent safer, it is preferable to use an intermediate platform during the construction of structures.
Let's highlight some features:
The most commonly used material in manufacturing is wood. In the production of wooden staircases rotating 90 degrees, hard wood species are used: oak, ash, beech. Or semi-solid: spruce, larch, pine. Wooden structures have always been famous for their grace. Besides wooden crafts will have a beneficial effect on health.
The presented building can be equipped with right-hand or left-hand access winder steps. Climbing a winder staircase with a 90-degree turn cannot be called very comfortable, because inner side its steps are fewer than the outer one. However, the design has an elegant appearance, and when correct location will significantly save space and will serve for many years.
Calculate dimensions finished design the task is not easy. You can use special mathematical formulas, but it is easier to do this using an online calculation calculator, which can be found on the Internet. You will need the following measurements:
This is the minimum set of parameters that you will need.
Having certain knowledge and skills, you can carry out the calculation yourself. If not, we recommend using the services of our professional measurer.
The design of a staircase with winder steps is in great demand in houses where comfortable, safe movement between floors is required, but there is no technical possibility of placing a straight structure. Such structures require special attention at stage .
Diagram with element names winder staircase
Winder steps are widely used for the following types stairs:
The shape of the turning tread in such structures has the shape of a truncated triangle. Due to the compactness of the device, it saves.
Diagram of the staircase rotation device Winder steps can be located at the bottom, top, in the middle flight of stairs. For safe movement, the first two options are recommended. They have good visibility of the turning area, which allows you to orient yourself in time and change the position of the foot or the length of the step.
Schemes of winder stairs are more difficult to complete than straight structures or with platforms for transition. Therefore, there are often drawings with incorrectly executed structures.
This not only reduces the comfort of movement, but also increases the risk of injury from a fall.
Comfort and safety are the basic principles that any building structures. The staircase is no exception. A number of the presented technical requirements are also typical for straight march structures:
Scheme of a wooden staircase with winder steps 
All of the listed characteristics and data will ensure comfort and safety of movement between floors.
The main advantages of a winder staircase include:
The disadvantages include a decrease in the level of comfort and safety of movement. The winder treads differ in size, you will have to adapt. And it is more difficult to disperse on such a flight than on ordinary stairs.
Classical appearance winder staircase To correctly draw up a diagram of a winder staircase, it is necessary to take into account all the standards listed above, the dimensions of the premises and link them to the plan. To do this, proceed to the following steps:
Scheme and drawing of a winder staircase This data will help you do correct selection structures that will ensure compliance with building codes.
Knowing the height between levels and the formula for comfortable movement, you can calculate the length of the flight of stairs and the number of expected steps. For example, the specified height between floors is 2600 mm. We will select the height of the degrees from the recommended range of 120 mm. Let's make all the calculations to build the drawing:
The example shows that it is better to reconsider the parameters of the steps. This will significantly save space. For example, with a riser height of 150 mm, the tread depth will become 300 mm, and the length of the staircase will be 5,400. This will save 3 sq. m. usable area Houses.
Taking into account modern realities and get a quick result, you can use several ways to draw up a design diagram.
The best option for design. There are software that, based on the drawing, issue specifications for materials with cutting. There is no provision for this option. But after completing a detailed drawing, it will not be difficult to calculate the amount of material. The disadvantage of this method is the time spent searching and mastering the software product.
Drawings posted on the Internet allow you to select suitable option. But you should check them for compliance technical requirements, to protect yourself from someone’s design illiteracy.
Drawing of a winder staircase To do this, you can use online calculators or master one of the methods for calculating winder steps.
The main difficulty when working with such drawings is to fit into the right space ready-made solution. You may find that a window or a ledge on the wall ends up in the place where the stairs are installed.
You will have to either adapt the design to fit, or look for another suitable option.
They will help you make calculations and give recommendations for correcting the structure if it does not comply with building codes. Based on the received data, a detailed drawing is automatically generated. This is the simplest and affordable way development of drawings for custom sizes. But in the future you should link to .
Interface of an online calculator for calculating a winder ladder Otherwise, the resulting structure may close the window or doorway.
The main difficulty in self-design staircases with winder steps - calculating the quantity and developing the shapes of the turning elements. Calculation using proportions. This method is suitable for stairs with a rotation of 90˚, 180˚. First, you should draw a top view of the future structure, fitting it into the intended area. Next, perform a series of operations:
This is the simplest and most accessible way to construct a drawing. There are three other methods: Danish, sweep and line lifting. The listed technologies are complex and require deeper knowledge mathematical analysis. These methods require taking into account the horizontal and vertical curvature of the structure.
Example metal frame for winder stairs It should be noted that the drawing using any of the above methods is performed with a certain degree of error. Therefore, even professionals adjust parts at the assembly site. Winder staircase - more complex design, therefore, if you are not confident in your abilities, then it is better to entrust the calculation, design, and installation to specialized enterprises.
Ladder- this is one of the most important structures in any private house, as it is the basis for free movement between floors. When choosing a project, craftsmen are often guided only by the economic and aesthetic side of the problem, often neglecting construction and design standards and rules. However, ignoring such an important component in many cases leads to the product being unstable, unsafe and uncomfortable.
The effective construction service KALK.PRO offers to perform an automated calculation of stairs online using a 3D calculator, as a result of which you will receive everything you need to install the structure: comprehensive estimate, full set of drawings and interactive model for better visual perception. The staircase design program calculates the parameters of all elements and provides some recommendations based on the provisions of SNiP, GOST and TU, which are used for the manufacture of wooden buildings.
The program is easy to use and does not require special engineering skills - all fields of the calculator are intuitive, and the help includes illustrations with symbols individual elements. Each calculation is accompanied by an assessment of the resulting structure, and if incorrect values are entered - in case of critical deviations, the calculation will stop and a pop-up window will show in which field the error was made; if the deviation is insignificant, recommendations will be provided where the correction needs to be applied.
Use the calculator for calculating a wooden staircase to the second floor to create a truly reliable and comfortable design. Over 5 years of work, we have helped to implement over 3000 projects for residents of Russia, the CIS and Europe.
Close cooperation with staircase manufacturers
Highest detail in drawings and 3D models
Final report with a list of required materials
Ready-made estimate for the construction of the structure by the contractor
Technical support helps when working with the calculator
Positive feedback and a large number of completed projects
Unlike other sites online calculators our project has a number of stairs undeniable advantages and these are not empty words, since you can personally verify all these statements in practice.
Every month we receive dozens positive feedback and thanks from users of the KALK.PRO project. On the page " Reviews" located finished projects structures made based on the calculations of our tools.
The service provides a large number of proven tools, using which you can create a convenient, reliable and safe design. In its calculations, the 3D staircase designer algorithm takes into account the data of SNiP 21-01-97 (SP 112.13330.2011) “Fire safety of buildings and structures”, SNiP 31-02-2001 (SP 55.13330.2010) “Single-apartment residential buildings”, SNiP 2.08 .01-89 “Residential buildings”, SNiP 2.08.02-89 (SP 118.13330.2011) “ Public buildings and structures", SNiP 2.01.07-85 (SP 20.13330.2010) "Loads and impacts", GOST 23120-78 "Flight stairs, platforms and steel fences", etc.
Currently, the program offers calculations for the following types of wooden structures:
In addition to this, we also have on the project calculation of metal stairs- perhaps you will be interested in the design on a broken stringer (zigzag)?!
Among the main features of the calculator, it is necessary to highlight ( - only on KALK.PRO) :
A well-executed design of a staircase to the second floor in a private house will save a significant amount of time and money on the construction.
As a result of calculating the stairs online, you receive a comprehensive estimate with the optimal consumption of materials (quantity, volume) and detailed characteristics of each structural element. However, the most important thing is that the convenience of the structure will be assessed according to the following parameters: the angle of inclination of the stairs, the width of the stairs, the number of steps, the height of the steps, the depth of the tread, the minimum width of the stringer/string); at the end of which you can make adjustments to the parameters and make a final decision on the need to use this type of staircase.
Calculations are carried out on the basis of classical mathematical logic using simple geometric formulas, so calculation errors are minimized, however, it is worth considering rounding numbers when displaying dimensions in drawings. There is a direct relationship that determines that the accuracy of displaying the calculation result is higher when using units of measurement of a lower order, that is, for millimeters the error will be no more than 0.1 mm, and when choosing centimeters - ~1 mm, etc.
Also worth noting some features when transferring dimensions from drawings to a real structure. Firstly, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the cut, which has physical dimensions of several millimeters in width. Secondly, we must not forget about the cumulative error, an example of which can be demonstrated as follows.
A calculation was made of a staircase (in centimeters) with 10 steps with an opening height of 162.5 cm - as a result, in the drawings the height of each step was 16.3 cm. However, you can notice that if you make a reverse calculation by steps, you get 16.3 cm × 10 = 163 cm, which is actually 0.5 cm higher than the height of the opening. This situation arises due to the fact that when drawing on the drawings, values are rounded to the first decimal place, i.e., under the number 16.3 cm the value of 16.25 cm was “hidden”. To reduce such errors to a minimum calculations should be made in millimeters However, in some situations it will still be necessary to adjust the outermost elements of the structure when installing in height.
Staircase drawings are a critical component of any project documentation, since they allow you to fix design features elements and their connections. They also provide an opportunity to preliminary evaluate the parameters of individual design components in practice. That is, by making templates from cheaper materials, such as cardboard or paper, you can eliminate the error on initial stage and save a significant amount of money on materials.
However, you should not assume that you can draw a staircase diagram yourself without proper experience in drawing and design. Without special training, you are unlikely to be able to maintain the dimensions of the drawings, maintain accuracy down to a fraction of a millimeter and at the same time show accuracy, maintaining the readability of each element. Professional computer programs AutoCAD, Compass-3D, CorelDRAW, etc. cost a considerable amount of money; in addition, without the proper operating skills, it will take a lot of time to even learn the basics.
The KALK.PRO service eliminates unnecessary difficulties and provides ready-made drawings wooden stairs based on the user's entered data. Our diagrams are distinguished by excellent elaboration of individual node connections and the whole picture as a whole, you can evaluate for yourself high quality graphics and compare it with other services.
A 3D model of the staircase allows you to examine the resulting structure in real proportions and evaluate the prospects for using the current project. Unlike drawings, a 3D model is not intended for the manufacture of structural elements, but it can visually convey general idea object down to the smallest detail.
On our website, a 3D staircase design is drawn based on the user’s entered data with absolute accuracy without any distortions or errors. Zooming and controlling the camera occurs using the mouse - left and right keys, respectively. The three-dimensional model can be downloaded in the selected projection on the staircase calculator tab in PNG format, it is also possible to download graphics in OBJ format (supported by Autodesk 3ds Max, AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, PC LIRA...) for further editing.
To calculate a staircase with drawings using an online calculator, you need to go to the tab of the appropriate design and fill in all the fields based on the available opening parameters. However, first we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the proposed video, which describes in detail all the steps of working in the program and provides advice from a professional master, who personally manufactures stairs.
Calculating stairs online using a calculator from KALK.PRO is confidence in the quality of the structures being built due to high precision operations performed.
The choice of staircase design depends to a greater extent on the parameters of the opening and to a lesser extent on one’s own preferences, since in the predominant number of private houses redevelopment is excluded and it is necessary adapt to existing conditions. In this case, the main task of the master is reduced to the most rational use available space in order to achieve optimal characteristics of the staircase, which will ensure high ergonomics of the structure as a whole.
Accordingly, we can identify a certain directly proportional relationship, the arguments of which are the area of the structure in projection onto the surface of the floor/ceiling and the conditional convenience coefficient. The correlation occurs according to the principle - the larger the occupied area, the greater the convenience a person will experience when moving between levels. In decreasing order of convenience, the sorting looks like this:
Thus, the best structures are considered to be marching staircases, then combined ones and, in last place, spiral ones.
In the case of choosing classic designs on a stringer or bowstring, it is necessary to pay increased attention to the overall slope of the staircase, calculation of steps, height of railings, etc. The list of all recommendations and rules is quite extensive, but among the most significant it is worth noting the following values:
Compliance with these and other recommended parameters is extremely important - comfort during movement and safety, minimization of the occupied space, compliance with requirements depend on them fire safety, throughput staircase design. Each online staircase calculator from KALK.PRO evaluates structures and provides some recommendations, which can be viewed in the corresponding block of the report.
It often happens that insufficient space in a private house simply does not allow the construction of an ordinary single-flight staircase to the second floor. We have to look for another solution - divide the rise into two flights or fit a screw structure into the available space.
Or you can combine these approaches - the staircase will have two flights, but between them there is not a platform, but a section of ascent of the spiral type, for the transition between straight sections. In this area, so-called winder steps are installed, which allow you to change the direction of the stairs. The design, of course, becomes more complicated, but the required compactness of the interfloor transition is achieved.
Can a winder staircase be built with your own hands? Yes, definitely. But in order to understand this issue, it is necessary to first consider what types of structures that have winder steps are, and learn how to calculate them.
First of all, it must be said that winders are steps that have the shape of a regular or irregular triangle and are almost always located on the same support. Such steps can completely form the structure of the staircase or replace the platform between two flights.
Staircases with winder steps include several types of structures:
Rice. 1 General drawing stairs
Fig.3 Execution of stairs with risers
You can build your staircase with or without risers. The staircase drawing allows you to see what the structure will look like with both options.
Rice. 4 Execution of the staircase, with the top step below the floor of the 2nd floor
Depending on the relative placement of the structure and the floor of the upper floor:
The choice of one or another mutual placement may depend on: the thickness of the interfloor ceilings, the desired relationship between the number of steps and their height, the length of blanks for stringers and the length of the opening, the desired angle of inclination of the stairs, or simply the tastes and preferences of the owner of the house. Please note: in the picture in which the top step is below the floor of the 2nd floor, the thickness interfloor covering more than in the figure, in which the upper step is at the floor level of the 2nd floor. If the thickness of the ceiling is less than the height of the step, the stringer simply will not rest against the ceiling (therefore, when demonstrating the second option, this thickness had to be increased).
Rice. 5 Black and white drawing of a staircase
It is advisable to use this function in two cases:
Rice. 6 Type of stairs with in different directions rise
A specific staircase, which is placed in a certain way in the house, can be approached from the side from two sides or only from one side - when the staircase is in contact with the wall. In the latter case, there are two options for placing the structure relative to the observer:
This function allows you to visualize both of these options.
The main result of this calculator:
According to this information, the parts from which the structure is assembled are manufactured.
All other drawings show the final appearance of the structure: after joining the strings and steps to each other.
A special feature of this calculator for calculating stairs with 90° turning steps is the implementation of two functions:
Assessing the convenience of a staircase is carried out according to three criteria:
Based on the results of assessing a specific design, an indicator of the level of convenience is issued for each of the criteria, and the staircase is assigned general level facilities. The calculator evaluates whether the staircase meets the generally known criteria of convenience, but you must always remember that your staircase in your home should serve your purposes as efficiently as possible. And if, in accordance with these goals, you need to build the most non-standard staircase in the world - go for it.
If there is a need to improve the design of the stairs, the calculator gives advice on how to do this:
After adjusting the design, as well as accurately calculating the winder steps of the staircase at 90 degrees, the normalized parameters will become closer to ideal, but such adjustments may have to be made several more times.
In order to calculate a staircase with 90° winder steps online using this calculator, you need to know the height of the floor, the size of the space that you can allocate for the staircase, the materials with which you are going to build it, and, of course, the purpose of its use. Before you start work, you need to carefully consider all the nuances: whether the staircase is adjacent to the wall, or in contact with elements of the interior of the house, and how this should affect the structure itself and the process of its construction. Possibly for selection correct option in size and design, you will have to use a calculator to calculate and compare several. Before you start processing the material, make sure that the detail drawings correspond to the ladder that is suitable for you and your purposes. When building, attach the parts to each other, and the staircase itself to the house so that you can guarantee the reliability and strength of the structure for decades.
The stairs presented on our website can be divided into categories according to three mutually dependent criteria:
1. Length dimensions
A. Maximum length— all steps are placed on one pair of bowstrings/stringers;
b. Medium length - steps are placed on two pairs of strings;
V. Minimum length - the steps are placed on three pairs of strings, the length dimension is regulated by changing the number of steps on the corresponding pairs of strings.
2. Width dimensions
A. Maximum width - steps are placed on two or three pairs of strings, the width dimension is regulated by changing the number of steps on the corresponding pair of strings;
b. Average width - the steps are placed on two parallel pairs of strings, the width dimension is equal to two widths of the stairs;
V. Minimum width— all steps are placed on one pair of bowstrings/stringers, the width dimension is equal to the width of the staircase;
3. Difficulty in manufacturing
A. Easy to manufacture - made from bowstrings/stringers and rectangular steps;
b. Medium complexity of manufacturing - made of bowstrings, rectangular steps and platforms;
V. Difficult to manufacture - made from bowstrings/stringers, rectangular steps, platforms and turning steps.
Stairs presented on our website:
In each specific situation the floor height has already been set. Based on your own preferences, you can choose the level of convenience: either the convenience criteria are met, or the staircase is flatter, or steeper, etc. Having this information, we can talk about the number of ascents (steps and platforms) in a particular situation.
Let's imagine that we have, for example, 12 ascents - steps and platforms. The design of a staircase is the shape of these risers (steps, flights, turning steps, landings) and how these 12 rises are placed relative to each other.
You can place all these 12 rises in one row along the length of the opening - “ “, “ “. In this case, your staircase will have a maximum dimension in length, a minimum dimension in width and will not be difficult to manufacture.
These 12 lifts can be placed in 2 rows, rotated 90° relative to each other (when viewed from above). With a platform on the turn - “°” - an option that is easier to manufacture (for example, 5 steps on the lower pair of bowstrings, a platform and 6 steps on the upper pair of bowstrings). With rotary steps on the turn - “°” - a more difficult option to manufacture (for example, 3 steps on the lower pair of bowstrings, 3 rotary steps and 6 steps on the upper pair of bowstrings). In these cases, your staircase will have an average dimension in length and an adjustable dimension in width.
You can place these 12 lifts in 2 parallel (when viewed from above) rows placed next to each other. With a platform on the turn - "" - a simpler option to manufacture (for example, 5 steps on the lower pair of bowstrings, a platform and 6 steps on the upper pair of bowstrings). With rotary steps on the turn - "" - a more difficult option to manufacture (for example, 3 steps on the lower pair of bowstrings, 3 rotary steps and 6 steps on the upper pair of bowstrings). In these cases, your staircase will have an average dimension in length and an average dimension in width.
You can place these 12 lifts on 3 rows perpendicular to each other (when viewed from above). With platforms on turns - "" - a simpler option to manufacture (for example, 2 steps on the lower pair of bowstrings, a platform, 3 steps on the middle pair of bowstrings, a platform and 5 steps on the upper pair of bowstrings). With rotary steps on the turn - “” - a more difficult option to manufacture (for example, 2 steps on the lower pair of bowstrings, 3 rotary steps, 2 steps on the middle pair of bowstrings, 3 rotary steps, 2 steps on the upper pair of bowstrings). In these cases, your staircase will have a minimum length dimension and an adjustable width dimension.
Or you can choose ““, which is not similar to any of the above and will give the interior of your home a truly sophisticated look, just like a spectacular wooden or stylish metal screw.
This design is relevant in a situation where you want a staircase of two flights with a beautiful transition between them in the form of turning steps, and the amount of space in the place where it needs to be placed is limited. The turning steps are not attached directly to the strings, so you will need to provide additional parts through which the load from the turning steps would be transferred to the rest of the stairs.
