And the floor. However, few people think about insulating the basement. Why is this necessary and how to insulate the floor in the basement? You can get the answer to this question in the article.
In order not to insulate basement, some argue for this decision by the fact that the level of ground freezing in its region is relatively low. However, you should not rely only on this indicator. Think about this:
All this convinces us that an insulated basement is an excellent way to save heat in the house and avoid many other problems.
The technology for insulating the floor in the basement largely depends on the impact external factors, for example, whether groundwater is nearby. In this case, drainage and waterproofing work must be carried out. Only after this the floor is insulated.
The selected thermal insulation material must meet the following requirements:
But what if the groundwater is relatively high? There is no way to get rid of this phenomenon. However, it is possible to partially divert water from a private house. To do this, dig trenches and lay pipes at a slope away from the house. The trench itself is filled with crushed stone. The same trench should be dug around the perimeter of the house, placing in it drainage pipe. Every 1–2 m, install tees into which pipe bends at a slope will be connected.
While this method won't completely dry out the soil, it will at least insulate the basement so it's less damp.
Insulating the floor with expanded clay is quite simple. So, the work looks like this:
After all this, fill the floor cement screed, layer up to 3 cm.
According to a similar scheme, the floor is insulated using polystyrene foam. Level the base of the soil. Afterwards, lay the waterproofing material with an overlap of 15 cm. Next, lay out polystyrene foam boards 5 cm thick, end to end.
Further finishing of the floor will depend on the method of floor arrangement. If you want to make a heated floor system, then lay penofol with the reflective surface facing up. Next, the heating circuit is laid out and the reinforcing screed is poured.
By performing insulation using this method, you can organize a full-fledged room, for example, a gym, in the basement.
An excellent option is to insulate the floor on the basement side. In most cases, preference is given to mineral wool with a thickness of 100 mm. To insulate the ceiling on the basement side, it is necessary to remove any contamination from its surface. It is also recommended to seal cracks and possible irregularities.
To attach the wool, you can use glue that is used for laying ceramic tiles. Stir the glue and apply it to the insulation. Next, apply the cotton wool to the ceiling. If necessary, you can use plastic fastenings in the form of an umbrella.
For this method of insulation, it is necessary to use slab mineral wool, not roll wool.
Expanded polystyrene is also used as insulation. For this, it is recommended to use slabs with a density of 35 kg 3 and a thickness of up to 10 cm. Fastening is similar to the method of gluing mineral wool. After gluing the polystyrene foam boards, foam all joints.
Before insulating the ceiling in the basement, treat it with a hydrophobic penetrating compound.
If you live on the first floor of a multi-storey building, then this method of insulation is very relevant, because in this way the floor in the apartment should not be raised. However, it is important to remember that the basement under your apartment is not your property. As a rule, it is served by housing and communal services. In this case, you must contact this department to obtain permission to carry out work on floor insulation from the basement.
If the basement has a wooden floor, it can also be insulated. This can be done using one of the methods mentioned in this article. For example, having removed the main flooring, fill the space between the joists with expanded clay or lay mineral wool or polystyrene foam. But be sure to put it down waterproofing layer, which will protect the heat insulator from moisture.
So, we discussed with you the methods of insulating the basement floor. Remember that this should be done primarily in order to keep heat in your home, especially in winter period. If you have already carried out work of a similar nature, then share your experience by leaving comments on this article.
The video shows how to insulate the floor from the basement side:
We also invite you to find out how thermal insulation of polyurethane foam is carried out in the basement:
home distinctive feature The design of the floor of the 1st floor, located above an unheated underground, means that the structure contains insulation. And where insulation is present, the question of protecting it from unfavorable factors automatically arises in order to preserve its heat-protective qualities. And one of the most important issues of protecting insulation is the issue of protecting it from moisture, that is, installing a vapor barrier. In this article we will talk about insulating the wooden floor of the first floor above the basement, and do it yourself.
Creation of temperature and humidity conditions
The main task of all structures using insulation is to create the correct mode of its operation, i.e. make sure that moisture does not penetrate into the insulation, and that which may form in it has the opportunity to evaporate outside without hindrance. The first means of protection is vapor barrier. The second remedy is ventilation, since sufficient ventilation promotes the evaporation of moisture. These principles should be used when installing the floor of the 1st floor.
The first is ensured by the correct use of vapor barriers. Ventilation is provided by air gaps and space under the floor (underground). The underground (technical underground, basement) must be dry and well ventilated. Incorrect temperature and humidity conditions in the underground can lead to the formation of condensation inside the insulation. To prevent this from happening, the underground must have vents for ventilation. At very low air temperatures in winter, they can even be closed so that the temperature in the underground is not very low and this does not lead to a large temperature difference, which contributes to the formation of condensation in the insulation or on its surface.
Both bulk and rolled or slab materials. Bulk insulation materials include expanded clay, vermiculite, slag, mineral fibers, and shavings.
Backfilling with expanded clay
Plate materials are factory-made slabs or blocks made from materials with low thermal conductivity. IN Lately Polyurethane foam insulation, which is blown into the space of the insulated structure, has become very popular.
But the most popular, especially in private construction, are flexible, soft materials. Such insulation materials are good because they are easy to give the required shape and are convenient to install. The most common insulation is the so-called mineral wool in the form of mats or rolls.
Advantages of mineral wool insulation:
Flaws:
The insulation must be protected from moisture. Any insulation, if it gets wet, greatly loses its heat-protective properties. And since mineral wool is a hygroscopic material, you need to take care that moisture does not get on it.
But protection is required not only from water. Protection is required against steam penetration. Vapor barrier plays a big role in creating optimal conditions operation of the insulation.
Without delving into the concept of partial pressure, we note the importance of understanding two points:
It is the vapor barrier that is the barrier that prevents moisture (in the form of steam) from penetrating into the insulation;
It is important to correctly determine where in the “pie” the vapor barrier should be placed.
Vapor barrier
In order to briefly but clearly understand where the vapor barrier should be placed, you need to remember: steam always spreads from a place with more high pressure to an area of lower pressure. It can be put simply this way: warm steam always (almost) spreads from the room to the outside. You need to remember this and then it will be easier not to get confused about where it should be placed.
From the above it follows that the vapor barrier is not placed “above” or “below” the insulation. It is placed “between” a warm room-source of steam (usually internal heated rooms) and a cold room (outdoor space), where this steam moves. Therefore, in case of insulation attic floor, the vapor barrier will be under the insulation, and in the case of insulating a wooden floor above the basement, above the insulation.
In order for the vapor barrier to be effective, i.e. worked correctly and did not cause harm, the film needs to be laid right side. To do this, you need to study the manufacturer's instructions and consult the seller. Now in production a large number of various materials for protection against steam and water. But there is a difference between them. The scope of their application depends on the type of premises, their humidity and temperature conditions, ambient air temperature, and for what structure they are used - roofs, ceilings or walls. Often confusion stems from the concepts themselves: vapor barrier and membrane; instead of waterproofing, a vapor barrier is used.
Vapor barrier designed to protect against water vapor in the air of the room. In fact, steam is a water-saturated gas, or one can say the gaseous state of water. The vapor barrier must have a low vapor permeability rate, i.e. it shouldn't leak steam. It is approximately 10 gm2day.
Basically, vapor barrier is a film. They can be roughly divided into:
Vapor-permeable or “breathable” (membranes);
Vapor-tight, practically impermeable to steam, water, or air.
Waterproofing Designed to protect structures from water. Water molecules are larger than gas molecules.
Membrane. Nowadays the word membrane has become very popular. Membranes are already more high-tech films. In relation to the topic of vapor barrier, we can say that this is a material capable of permeating or, conversely, trapping certain substances. The most commonly used expression is a vapor-permeable moisture-proof membrane. This means that this material does not allow water to pass through, but at the same time allows steam to pass through and allows moisture to evaporate. These are the properties that are required during construction to protect thermal insulation.
The direction from which the membrane allows steam to pass through and from which it does not allow water to pass through may be different for different membranes, depending on its intended location. Therefore, you need to be very careful when choosing and ask the seller for all the necessary characteristics.
Let's consider the design of the floor of the 1st floor above the underground or unheated basement.
The basic layout of the first floor floor is as follows. The subfloor is laid along the supporting beams that rest on the foundation. The subfloor is necessary in order to lay insulation on it. The insulation is placed in the space between the beams. A vapor barrier is laid on top of the insulation. Between the vapor barrier and the boardwalk, it is imperative to organize air gap to evaporate condensation that may form on the vapor barrier from the room side. It can be organized by nailing bars 2-3 cm high. A plank flooring is placed on top on which the finishing floor is laid.
Scheme of the floor structure of the 1st floor above the basement
The supporting structure of the floor is beams. The pitch of the beams is usually 60-80 cm. You can choose the pitch so that it would be convenient to lay insulation between the beams. Then the step will be equal to the width of the insulation plus the thickness of the timber.
In places where the beams are attached to stone structures between them there should be a waterproofing layer made of, for example, roofing felt or bitumen mastic. It is necessary to make a gap between the beam and the foundation wall for ventilation; the beam should not be adjacent to the wall.
There must be a gap between the vapor barrier and the flooring for ventilation
Rough floor. To secure the subfloor, smaller blocks, “skull bars,” are attached to the beams. Subfloor boards are laid over them. Here you can use a board with a thickness of 15-50 mm of low grade.
insulated floor construction
Sometimes waterproofing is included in the floor design. It is appropriate if the basement is very damp, available high level groundwater. Then there is a need to protect the insulation from below. To do this, waterproofing is installed under the insulation. This waterproofing must be made of a water-repellent but vapor-permeable membrane. In order to avoid annoying mistakes, it is better to call the top film simply vapor barrier (even if the manufacturer calls the film itself a membrane), and the bottom one – waterproofing. But here, ideally, a membrane should really be used - a vapor-permeable, waterproof membrane.
In this video - very clear example that water may form in the insulation. This video is quite common on YouTube. different names. Very often it is called “incorrect vapor barrier”. The vapor barrier itself is not visible in the video. Perhaps the authors of this design used the bottom film as some kind of vapor barrier.
But the point is that the bottom film was supposed to be waterproofing, waterproof on one side, but vapor-permeable on the other.
The basement of a house can be used or unused, warm or cold. A heated basement usually does not create problems for residents. Cold is drawn into the house from the unheated room. How to insulate a floor above a cold basement?
There are two ways: treat the basement ceiling with heat-insulating material and insulate the ceiling on the side of the house. In the first case, the choice of insulation is small: either sheet/plate materials that are glued to the ceiling and fixed with mushroom-shaped dowels or nails, or sprayed liquid polyurethane foam.
When insulating the ceiling from above, various bulk substances are also used.
In addition to installing thermal insulation in the house, you can install a “warm floor” system, water or electric. The design of a heated floor pie also includes waterproofing and insulation - otherwise, most of the heat from the cable or pipes will go into the basement.
Here is a list of materials that can be used to insulate the floor above an unheated basement on the side of the house:
1. Expanded polystyrene with a density of 35 kg per cubic meter, including extruded. Excellent thermal insulation properties, water resistance, vapor tightness, ease of installation, low price.
Special profile mats for laying are made from EPS heated floors.
Disadvantages of the material: flammability and toxicity when burning.
2. Mineral wool (usually basalt). Also high-quality insulation, non-flammable, environmentally friendly, easy to process and inexpensive. Disadvantage: hygroscopicity. When wet, most of the heat-protective properties are lost. When installing mineral wool thermal insulation, it is necessary to lay a vapor barrier membrane on top, because cotton wool is a vapor-permeable material.
3. Expanded clay. Bulk material, baked clay granules. Non-flammable, environmentally friendly, cheap. Light weight, can be used for insulation wooden bases. It is used both separately and as part of a concrete screed.
Disadvantage: hygroscopicity. When wet, the weight increases and the load on the floor increases.
4. Ecowool – fluffed cellulose. Ease of processing, environmental friendliness, resistance to damage by rodents and fungus. Does not shrink, does not lose heat-protective properties when wet. It does not support combustion, but smolders. Used dry and in solution. Disadvantage: installation requires special pumping equipment.
5. Sawdust. Environmentally friendly, cheap and warm material. Cons: flammability, hygroscopicity. IN pure form susceptible to rotting, damage by rodents, insects, and fungus. Used as a mixture with lime and gypsum or with clay.
6. Liquid polyurethane foam. It is applied from a spray gun in an even layer over the entire surface of the base, forming a sealed, even coating without voids.
Can be applied to a reinforced concrete slab, to a subfloor or between joists. Disadvantages: flammability (G1, G2), susceptibility to destruction by UV rays, a spray gun is required for application, the price is not too low.
Most insulation can be installed either under concrete screed, and without it. In this case, the choice depends on the base material: you cannot place a screed on a wooden floor, it will not support the weight of concrete. Screed is a common design element for heated floors if they are installed on top of a concrete slab.
Note!
The downside of the screed is that it greatly reduces the height of the room (for example, the total thickness of a water-heated floor in this case can reach 10 centimeters).
With any insulation method, waterproofing is first laid. Ordinary polyethylene film is suitable for this purpose. Adjacent strips are overlapped and secured with mounting tape. An overlap on the walls is definitely needed. Its height depends on the thickness of the cake, including the screed, if any.
You can use PVC film as a waterproofing material.
1. On a flat base, the insulation boards are laid out end-to-end on the floor and connected to each other with tape.
2. When laying on wooden joists, the slabs are placed between the joists face to face; fixation is not necessary.
3. When pouring the screed, another layer of waterproofing is laid on top.
4. When installing heated floors, a layer of foil is placed under the pipes/cables on top of the insulation, which reflects all the heat from the system into the room.
5. It is most convenient to place bulk materials between the joists and cover them with subfloor boards on top: this way they do not reduce the height of the room. When installing on a flat base, install instead of joists wooden partitions, on which the subfloor boards will then rest.
6. Before pouring the screed, a waterproofing membrane (preferably PVC) must be laid on top of the expanded clay. The screed is poured along the beacons and leveled using the rule.
7. When installing a screed over a heated floor system, it is necessary to lay a damper tape around the perimeter of the room, otherwise the concrete will crack when heated.
8. Composition of the sawdust mixture: 85% is sawdust, 5 – gypsum, 10 – lime. The components are mixed dry, then diluted with water. The recommended layer is 25 centimeters.
Sawdust screed is not used for heated floors. It should be fenced off from the stove with refractory bricks.
The finishing coating can be anything: planed boards, linoleum, parquet, laminate, ceramic tile. Some of them require a solid base. If there is no screed, you can use chipboard or fiberboard sheets for this purpose.
Floor insulation in wooden house from below from the basement - not an easy task. There are several ways to solve it, which can be implemented using recommendations from specialists and those who have personally insulated the underground of a house. At the same time, they get rid of dampness: wet floors create discomfort for residents.
In a country house or in a private house there is always a cold floor above an unheated basement. And if there is dampness in the underground, then it should be slightly damp. This affects the condition of the materials that make up the lower floor. If it is wood, rotting processes begin to develop in it; if it is concrete, dampness and delamination begin to develop. This reduces the lifespan of the building, and after some time it may receive emergency status.
Paul and others structural elements buildings are insulated in order to reduce heat loss, as a result of which the cost of heating rooms in the cold season is reduced.
Insulating the floor from the basement side is possible in several ways, but they all involve attaching heat-insulating material to a previously prepared surface. The floor of the first floor must be protected from moisture penetration, so first of all, waterproofing is done from any suitable materials.
Insulating the floor above a cold basement is possible using mineral wool or polystyrene foam. It is not recommended to use materials based on polyethylene foam (Penofol, Teplofol), as they are not able to fully prevent heat leakage through the lower ceiling.
Choosing insulation materials is not an easy task. Mineral wool is sold in rolls and slabs. The latter are easier and more convenient to attach to the lower ceiling from the basement side. The reason is that the slabs are rigid, while the rolled fibrous materials are loose. If the basement is dry, the slabs will best choice for buildings whose floors are made using frame technology or consist of reinforced concrete slabs. Such floors on the basement side are flat and relatively level.
If the ceiling is installed on wooden beams, it will be much more difficult to attach slab and sheet materials. They will have to be cut so that there are no gaps at the joints of the panels. In this case, the best choice would be rolled materials which will allow you to go around the beams without forming gaps. You can also combine loose mineral wool with hard one.
It is recommended to insulate the floor in a basement with a high level of humidity using polystyrene foam. Mineral wool is not suitable in this case, as it is a hygroscopic material. You should not rely on the latest proposals from manufacturers: slabs treated with a moisture-repellent composition, since their end cuts remain unprotected. Foam plastic does not have this drawback. It will not get damp in the basement and will last a long time.
There are 3 ways to attach insulation to a wooden floor from below:
There is another way to insulate a basement: using spray-on thermal insulation. This is the most expensive method of protecting walls and ceilings. Sprayed PPU (polyurethane foam) has many advantages:
But this method has one drawback: to do the work yourself, you need expensive equipment - a foam generator. Or you will have to invite specialists and pay for their services. If the basement area is large, the best choice is to purchase equipment for spraying polyurethane foam. To do this you will have to buy:
An example of calculating materials and tools for insulating a basement with an area of 36 m² with a 10 cm thick layer of polyurethane foam (required for northern regions):
The market for finishing and renovation materials also offers sprayed thermal insulation in cylinders, which is optimal for landscaping small basements. 2 brands are popular: POLYNOR and Teplis. Insulating the basement using sprayed thermal insulation in cylinders has its advantages:
Among the materials suitable for improving the basement is foam glass. It was popular in the middle of the last century, but subsequently its production was considered unprofitable. In the 21st century The manufacturing technology of this insulation has been modernized and it is gaining popularity again. Foam glass is made from powder obtained by carefully crushing glass and volcanic basalt. The resulting mass is heated and subjected to foaming. The output is a porous material that can retain heat well.
The floor in a wooden house is traditionally built on joists. The technology for performing work on wooden floors requires installation waterproofing material, regardless of whether we use polystyrene foam or mineral wool. Special membranes, roofing felt, and glassine are used as waterproofing.
The canvases are attached to nails or self-tapping screws, since they will have to be fixed to the basement ceiling. In order for the sheets of waterproofing material to be securely held on the lower floor, they are secured using wooden slats or strips of galvanized steel. The second option is preferable.
The insulation is laid below and fixed with dowel nails. After which they cover the mineral wool vapor barrier material: special membranes or polyethylene film. This is not required when laying polystyrene foam.
It is possible to install a double floor system. To accomplish this task, the space between the joists is sewn up with boards, OSB sheets, plywood. It is important that the lumber is pre-treated with an antiseptic to prevent rotting and the formation of fungus and mold. Insulation is placed in the openings between the lower floor and the sheathing.
The insulating materials for insulating the floor of the first floor of the floor slab are the same: mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam. But for waterproofing concrete, they use not sheet or roll materials, but coating materials: bitumen-based mastics. Insulation with foam plastic will be more profitable, since it does not need to be covered with a vapor barrier. If thermal insulation is performed with mineral wool slabs, they can be glued to the concrete with mastic, but additional fixation with dowels and nails is also necessary.
Insulation of the floor above the basement is possible using various thermal insulation materials. All landscaping work can be done independently.
Hello! We've been living in our own for 5 years now country house. Half of the house is brick, and the second is wooden, surrounded by brick, but the floor is all wooden: 50mm boards. The basement is sandy, 2m high. On the basement side, the floorboards have been treated protective composition 3 times layer. It seems dry, but I myself think how many years the treatment will last. Is it possible to nail Izospan or something else to additionally protect the floor from the basement side, but so that the floor boards do not rot in a few years? How to do it? Thank you!
And good health to you!
Vapor barrier for wooden floor structures is needed if your basement is damp. The definition of “sandy basement” remains not entirely clear, but let us assume: it means that the floor is ground floor- screed made of cement-sand mortar. Option: the coating is not completed, instead there is only sand backfill. In itself, this does not mean anything, because the level of humidity depends on many reasons: the water saturation of the soil, the presence of drainage, waterproofing of walls and floors, ventilation efficiency, etc. Another basement will be drier than the first floor. The vapor barrier is installed on the side of steam movement; it is not for nothing that the vapor barrier film is placed from the inside of the room - moisture from the house tends to come out. If the air in the basement is more humid than on the first floor, a vapor barrier from below will definitely not hurt. If there are rooms on the ground floor with periodically rising humidity ( unheated veranda, bathroom, kitchen) and a wooden floor; to protect wooden structures from moisture, it is recommended to install steam and waterproofing on both sides.
Any material that does not allow water vapor to pass through is suitable: Izospan grade D or B, any other construction waterproofing or vapor barrier film, roll waterproofing, thick greenhouse film, foamed polyethylene foam (at the same time additional insulation), old linoleum, etc. The only difference is cost and service life. It is likely that the floor structure in your home does not consist of just one layer of 50mm boards, as you indicated. Must be load-bearing beams, perhaps additional logs, probably there is a bottom lining, covering, heat and sound insulation. Thermal insulation material, which strongly absorbs moisture and because of this partially loses its properties, is recommended to be protected from moisture both from below and from above.
The most hygroscopic are fluffy and expanded materials: mineral stone and glass wool, ecowool, perlite and vermiculite. They have very low water absorption, do not change their structure under the influence of water and do not need additional protection expanded polystyrene, expanded clay, foam glass, foamed polyethylene and rubber.
A possible option for making a wooden floor between the ground and first floors. 2 - vapor barrier protecting the hygroscopic insulation (3) on top, Izospan B, laid along the beams (5). 7 - bottom layer of vapor barrier, Izospan D, stretched under the bottom filing (6). Please note that it is recommended to install a ventilated area under the floor covering (1). air gap, the gap between the beams and the floorboard is provided by the counter batten (4)
To make your home pleasant and comfortable, it is not enough to have only a roof and walls. It is worth making sure that there is warmth in the house. That is why the issue of floor insulation in the house is not of last importance. By insulating the floor, you can not only provide comfort, but also significantly reduce heating costs. After all, up to 20% of heat can be lost through the floor. With the help of effective floor insulation, you can maintain the desired favorable temperature in your home. It is better to carry out insulation work at the construction stage. They must be taken into account in the design. It is very important to insulate the basement. You can carry out all the work yourself. There's nothing complicated about it. You will learn below how to insulate the floor.
If the construction of the house has not yet come to an end, then it is advisable to insulate the floors from below. Here, filling with expanded clay will be very popular.
There are two options here:
In the first option, geotextiles are placed directly on the ground. Then the subfield is filled all the way to the top of the beams. Next, a floor made of boards is installed on the logs. It is worth noting one nuance that using this method makes sense only when the distance to the ground is small.
An example of a floor arrangement in a wooden house In the second case, two layers of flooring are made. The backfill is placed between the layers. It is worth insulating the floor below from the cold. To do this, the board shield is hemmed to the beams. It is fastened with self-tapping screws or nailed. The boards are adjusted as closely as possible to each other.
The top is backfilled. Logs are mounted on the beams. After this, the flooring is done. Sometimes installers provide floor ventilation. In this case, masses of cold air can freely enter the house through a bulk insulation system. Due to such ventilation, it is possible to protect the floor of the house from mold.
But in this case the following situation arises. If the underground is cold, then cold air will penetrate directly into the house. It is not difficult to fix this problem. It is enough to put a polyethylene film or some other airtight material on the insulation.
Example of insulation scheme basement floor Houses It is important to carry out work in such a way that ventilation is maintained. If you lay a polyethylene covering under the insulating material, condensation in the form of water vapor will begin to accumulate on it. This will only make the situation much worse.
Mineral wool is one of the best insulation materials Insulation in a house or country house using this material is one of the most common methods. Wool can be glass, slag or stone. The great advantage of this material is that it is absolutely non-flammable.
It also has other advantages. These are biological stability, fire resistance, high heat and sound insulation characteristics. But this material also has its disadvantages. It's low mechanical strength. Mineral wool perfectly absorbs moisture, but its thermal insulation properties may be somewhat lost.
So, if you decide to install such insulation, it is important to pay due attention to steam insulation. This insulation cannot be classified as a completely harmless material.
Mineral wool is produced in the form of a bendable mat or dense slab. The denser part of the slab is marked with a blue stripe. When installing, make sure that the markings are facing upwards. Mineral wool is often used in a wooden house or country house. The slabs are mounted in one layer.
Izovol, which is made on the basis of mineral fibers, has low thermal conductivity. Izovol is a non-flammable material. Rockwool - basalt insulation. It has good resistance to external loads. Thanks to its special design, it practically does not change shape. In addition, it can perfectly level out sounds.
An example of a floor insulation scheme in a wooden house from below The insulation is placed between the joists. Everything will depend on whether it is possible to attach a shield of boards to the beams from below. If the subfloor is low, the shield is attached to the beams on top between the joists. If necessary, the logs can be raised. The further procedure is quite standard.
Very often, insulation in a private wooden house or country house is carried out using polystyrene foam. This material has a huge number of advantages. But he has almost no shortcomings. Foam insulation can guarantee high strength, resistance to fire and various chemicals.
If you decide to insulate a wooden house, foam insulation will be very effective option. This material has a unique cell structure, which makes it durable. Its disadvantages are the same as those of mineral wool. It easily absorbs moisture, as a result of which it can quickly lose some properties.
Scheme of floor insulation under reinforced concrete screed Insulation can be carried out using foamed or extruded foam. The latter has a particularly strong structure. The process of foam insulation is the same as insulation mineral wool. But there are also some peculiarities. IN the best option The width of the insulation and the log should be the same. After all, the foam will act as a special support for the flooring.
The slabs are laid with minimal gaps. All gaps must be foamed. No vapor barrier is needed here. Thick slabs are installed among the logs. Afterwards they are simply foamed. The shield is not hemmed from below.
To blow out ecowool, you will have to use a compressor. There’s no way without him.
Ecowool is blown using a compressor into the hole between the floor. In this case, the voids are uniformly filled with material. After removing the flooring, ecowool is laid on top using wet method. It contains sticky particles.
Don’t forget about waterproofing either. It is due to them that the layer turns out to be quite rigid. After this he will not shrink. No vapor barrier is provided. After all, the material is not afraid of moisture.
Using polyurethane foam, you can completely fill the existing space between the beams. In this case, you will get excellent thermal insulation that will last for many years.
Quite often, in a private home or country house, the cold penetrates into the room through poorly connected or dried out boards. You can eliminate such cracks in a wooden house only if you decide to completely redo the floor.
Scheme of floor insulation in a wooden house on the second floor In this case, it is advisable to use roll insulation from below instead of relaying. You can insulate the floor in a private house using penofol. This material is foamed polyethylene, the surface of which is trimmed with foil.
The surface that reflects light turns towards a warmer space. This prevents heat loss quite effectively.
Table of heat losses that occur in a wooden house If you decide to insulate the floor using penofol, you will have to re-lay the old floor covering. At the same time, you should not make the bottom layer too thick. Otherwise, the floor will spring too much. Linoleum can be pushed through by furniture legs. If a material thickness of 0.4 cm is not enough, it is better to use a denser material for installation. For example, it could be a cork backing.
If you do not want to carry out major renovations in the apartment, you can insulate it using penofol from the underground. Slats can be used for fixation. They are stuffed on top of the insulation.
Thermal insulation of the floor of a private house from the basement plays a very important role. Using heat insulation High Quality You can not only reduce heat loss, but also protect your house from dampness and destruction in the future.
Table of thermal conductivity of some materials Many professionals say that insulating the basement from below will help solve a large number of problems that can arise in a private wooden house. To insulate the basement, you can use polystyrene foam, foam insulation and other materials. You can use mineral wool to seal the ceiling on the basement side.
The width of the joists and pieces of insulation when using polystyrene foam should be the same.
Polystyrene foam is usually used to insulate only basement floors, but also walls. If your house has a cool floor, then before purchasing a heater, you should think about how to insulate the basement.
You can watch a video on how to properly insulate a wooden floor from below.
Low floor temperature is a common problem that is associated with the penetration of cold air masses through cracks. To ensure comfort and warmth in the room, it is recommended to performinsulation of the floor in a wooden house from below.
This article describes how installation work is carried out, what materials need to be purchased, as well as other important nuances.
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Warm flooring ensures comfortable living in the house.From temperature values that are stored in living rooms, the health of residents and their well-being largely depends.
To reduce heat loss as much as possible, you need to figure out how to properly install insulation, what materials have best characteristics and the longest service life. It is also worth noting that the choice of thermal insulation material is influenced by many factors that cannot be ignored. For example, it is necessary to take into account not only the material from which the building is constructed, but also the number of floors, as well as whether the building is built on the ground or has a basement (basement) built under it.
Insulation of the wooden floor below in a private housecarried out in several cases.
If it occurs:
Floor insulation above a cold basementIt is better to do it from below, while insulation above the attic is recommended to be done from above. This approach is technically competent and allows you to achieve the best results. But when implementing thermal insulation from below, some problems sometimes arise:
At the same time, by taking care of insulation from below, the following problems can be eliminated:
Designing a private house, it is necessary to consider thermal insulation measures at this stage.By taking care of the heat in advance, you will be able to eliminate many problems in the future.
Attention!To save money and labor costs, many choose the top option to insulate a wood floor.
The essence of this technology is laying hard sheets of thermal insulation between the subfloor and floor covering. Of course, this option is more profitable, but it is only suitable for those regions where the climate is warm and mild.
In a region where winters are quite cold, it is still better to insulate from below. It is recommended to choose this thermal insulation option if there is a minimum space between the ground and the floor level.
If this gap is large enough, the insulation procedure will be expensive.
Floor insulation in a wooden houseshould be carried out from below; this option is technically correct. The advantages of this technology are as follows:
There are two main options for thermal insulation:
Attention!The finish can be any: linoleum, tiles, laminated coating, parquet board.
mineral wool
Do not know, What is the best way to insulate floors in a wooden house?? Familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for thermal insulation materials, and it will be easier for you to choose the right materials. Due to the presence of certain features in the implementation installation work Only certain types of insulation can be used. The list of requirements for them is as follows:
The quality of the created thermal insulation layer depends on the technical parameters of the insulation material.
Familiarize yourself with the features of suitable insulation materials and decidethe better to insulate the floor from below in a wooden housein your case, so that it is most profitable and effective.
Now the market offers a wide selection of thermal insulation materials, but it is recommended to choose from the best and most popular options, such as penoplex, mineral wool, penofol, expanded polystyrene.
Manufacturers of building materials offer several types of mineral wool:
The advantages include a high level of heat and sound insulation, non-flammability, biological resistance, and resistance to aggressive substances.
Minuses:
Mineral wool can be purchased in the form of flexible mats and rigid slabs.
Attention!When installing slabs, one thing should be taken into account important feature: they must be placed with the hard side facing outwards, which is easy to identify - it is marked with a blue stripe.
Buyers mainly prefer Rockwool and Izovol, which are based on mineral wool. The first option of insulation can withstand loads, does not deform and retains heat well.In a wooden house, floor insulation with IzolonIt is also more preferable than mineral wool, since this material has low thermal conductivity, it is not flammable and is more moisture resistant.
You decidethe better to insulate the floor in the country house from below? Consider another insulation option - expanded polystyrene, which is known to many as polystyrene foam. It’s not for nothing that it still remains popular, because there are many advantages, but the number of disadvantages is insignificant.
The benefits include:
There are much fewer disadvantages, and they are insignificant, but these disadvantages can be eliminated: the material has low vapor permeability, is susceptible to the negative effects of moisture and, as it is absorbed, loses its ability to insulate - by providing high-quality vapor and waterproofing.
expanded polystyrene
Insulation of the floor in a wooden house from below with penoplexmore effective than thermal insulation made using the two previous insulation options. Penoplex is made in the form of slabs by foaming extruded polystyrene foam; it is also quite often used to implement thermal insulation measures.
Attention!The slabs are more protected from the negative effects of moisture, they prevent heat loss, and are practically not susceptible to the development of bacteria and fungi.
Here are some benefitsinsulation of wooden floors with penofol(roll material):
Most often, the insulation in rolls contains reflective and translucent materials. During installation, layers of penofol are placed with a slight overlap or end-to-end. For reliable fixation, metallized tape is attached to the joint area.
penoplex
Do you want to know how to insulate the underground in a wooden house? First of all, check out general rules performing installation work. Any insulation is fixed in this order:
Experts assure that when the layers are formed in this order, the thermal conditions will be optimal and it will be possible to ensure the necessary circulation of moisture in living rooms.
When thinking about thermal insulation on the ground floor, it is necessary to prepare beams with a cross section of 50-100 mm. These elements are attached from below using a layer of insulation, after which the floor is covered with boards.
Read more about how to make a warm floor on a balcony. detailed instructions will help you understand all the nuances!
If there is a wooden floor on the ground floor, the beams are connected to bars, the cross-section of which is 50x50, not more than 50x100. A layer of insulating material is placed between them. After the waterproofing layer, sheathing is done with boards.
Most often, the installation of the heat-insulating layer is carried out along joists:
Carrying out insulation of the floor from the basement belowand in other parts of the house, follow the specified sequence of actions.
The following tools and materials are required when laying thermal insulation:
Since the air in the basement is not heated, condensation may form on the warm floor.
In cases where moisture is constantly present on the structure, ideal conditions are created for the formation of fungus and mold, and subsequently the process of decay begins. It doesn’t matter whether the wood was processed special means before use or not.
Condensation violates the thermal insulation properties of the insulation, gradually penetrating into it, it increases its thermal conductivity. This problem can be prevented by installing a layer of moisture insulation on the cold air side.
From the living quarters, instead of condensation, warm steam is formed, which also passes through the insulation and, upon cooling, turns into moisture. The harm to the insulation is that, unlike condensation, water is not present on the surface, but inside the structure. In this option, there is a risk of damage to the thermal insulation material with its subsequent destruction, and also increases the likelihood of rotting of wood elements. It is to prevent evaporation that a vapor barrier layer is needed.
The most simple option protection against condensation and steam is a polyethylene film. In some cases, when providing thermal insulation for the basement floor, the waterproofing layer is covered with a moisture-windproof membrane, which not only effectively retains moisture, but also does not allow air to pass through.
Despite the fact that it is possible to increase the level of thermal insulation in a house during its operation in order to reliably insulate the building, it is better to think through this issue at the design stage. If the construction was completed a long time ago, you caninsulation of an old wooden floor without dismantling, which will not cause much discomfort for residents.
This task is performed after laying the thermal insulation layer. If mineral wool is used, it is important that there are no gaps in the cells. When laying expanded polystyrene and polystyrene foam, no reserve is left; the slabs are cut exactly to the size of the cells.After installation is completed, to increase the reliability of the insulation, the seams are filled polyurethane foam.
Vapor barrier is performed in this way:
If you're interested,how to insulate the floor in an old wooden housewhere the floor is made of concrete, read the step-by-step instructions:
Consider an economical option using sawdust. The work is carried out before the flooring is laid.
Before insulation, treat the sawdust with a special antiseptic and dry thoroughly. By doing this you can protect the material from mold and rodents.
When the insulation is ready for use, use a shovel to evenly distribute slaked lime into it. To determine the required amount of this material, focus on the amount of sawdust (you will need 1/10 of the insulation taken).
At the next stage, be sure to add gypsum, it will add strength thermal insulation material. Maintain a ratio of 17:2:1 (sawdust: lime: gypsum). After adding water, prepare a moderately cool solution.
Fill the cells gradually, placing the solution in small portions.
Make sure the boards to be treated are dry. If not, dry them thoroughly first.
Create a layer of waterproofing, then lay mineral wool, after cutting it into pieces required sizes. Use thin stainless steel wire and staples as fasteners. The wire can be replaced plastic mesh. Thermal insulation layer protects against steam using a special membrane.
Install the insulation so that its reflective side is directed downwards, that is, towards the warm space.
Attach the insulation to the joists, maintaining a small gap between it and the rough surface. Secure the material with slats, filling them in a perpendicular direction, or with construction staples.
If the house has a basement, the process of increasing the thermal insulation properties of coatings should begin with this room, since heat loss is the highest in it.
If you want to knowhow to insulate a floor without opening it, consider this procedure:
The process of insulating the floor is quite simple and can be done independently. The choice of material remains with the consumer. Consider all the options presented and choose the one that suits your case best.
Many multi-story buildings probably have a basement, which is very damp and dark. It’s not for nothing that almost all horror films involve episodes where the victim enters some kind of basement, and accordingly, without knowing anything, he or she is attacked by a maniac or a ferocious predator who wants someone’s death. And among the people, many are not just afraid of basements, but in panic they simply don’t even want to pass by.
But in fact, if you work well on an empty and nondescript basement, then it will turn out to be a very decent room in which you can not only simply store your supplies, but also open a business (for example, a cafe, club, gym, etc. ), which will bring a very good income.
Most people don’t take it up simply because they don’t know how or are afraid that they won’t be able to handle the arrangement of the basement. But in fact, you can arrange a basement in about a week (it all depends on your mood and preparedness, that is, so that you have everything ready in advance before the renovation starts). And if you have the desire, time, supplies and building materials, then you can safely begin the renovation.
First, you will need to clear the entire basement of unnecessary things and debris, since they will simply get in your way during repairs. But you need to remember that you should clean very carefully so that nothing is left that can bother you. And, of course, you should not remove anything that can harm the entire structure, such as pipes. If the pipes still interfere with you, and this will happen in any case, then it is better to call specialists. This way you will spend less time and money, and it will also be safer. After your basement has become spacious and clean, you need to take care of how to insulate the floor in the basement.
Floor insulation is the most important procedure that must be performed in any case, since if you are making a room for visitors (cafes, bars, etc.), then it will be unpleasant for them to walk on the cold floor. The floor should be warm in any case, and the walls in the basement most likely will not freeze, since the basement is located under the building, that is, in the ground. Even conventional heating, which is used by the entire building, is enough to heat the walls.
In order to insulate the floor, you need to prepare the surface. And to do this, you need to determine what kind of floor you have in the basement - is it already poured with concrete or there is nothing on it, that is, bare earth. If you have a cement floor, then half the work is already done for you. But if you have bare soil, you will have to work on it a little. To do this, you first need to cover the entire surface with crushed stone, and pour sand on top of the crushed stone.
Thus, you will have a kind of “pillow” that you just need to fill with cement. And of course, you should make sure that the floor is level and free of various unnecessary objects, such as stones or debris, as they will only get in the way. But still, if this happens, then try to get rid of this problem, for example, using a regular knife.
Having a finished floor, you can choose the type of insulation. And there are only two such types:
Let's consider each of the options.
Insulated with heating - this is the warmest floor, and therefore expensive and more difficult to make than a regular insulated one. But there is also the good side: such a floor will be much better and more practical to use than a regular floor. For this floor you will need:
First, take the pipes and distribute them around the entire perimeter of the basement so that you get a huge “accordion” of pipes. Now connect these pipes to the heating and check the entire structure for leaks or damage. Next, take sand and fill the entire floor with it about 10-15 centimeters from the floor. Now fill it all with a thin layer of cement (about 4 centimeters) and let everything dry for about a day (drying time depends on the type of cement, ask the seller or read on the bag of cement itself). And all you have to do is cover this “sandwich” with floor covering and the floor is ready for use!
Regular insulated floor. Everything here is much simpler and cheaper than in the previous type of floor. For this floor you will need:
To begin, take the insulation and spread it over the entire area of the room. At the same time closing the corners. Next, take ordinary construction foam 10 centimeters thick and also spread it over the entire surface of the basement (only on the insulation!). And seal all the cracks with polyurethane foam. Now cover that with another layer of insulation and that's pretty much it. All that remains is to lay the flooring.
That's all, now that you have a finished insulated floor, you can begin other types of repairs in the basement. Happy renovation!
The principle of arranging a warm water floor:
