1. High thermal characteristics of walls is a way to avoid the high costs of purchasing expensive heating equipment, transportation of fuel, time and labor costs for its operation. The costs of heating in winter and air conditioning in summer of a building built using the “Warm House” technology will be 3-3.5 times less compared to a brick one.
2. Reduced construction time, as one of the main indicators of return on investment. Using traditional materials building a house takes years. The same wall area is erected 10 times faster than with brick. Therefore, you will spend about 3-4 times less on labor costs for builders than when building walls from traditional bricks.
3. Additional useful area. The thickness of the walls of the “Warm House” is only 25 cm, which is incomparably less than the thickness of the walls of other building materials with the same heat-saving ability.
4. Ease of work. With the desire and some skills, you can build a house on our own and save your money.
5. Savings when constructing a foundation, since the walls of a “Warm House” create significantly less load on the foundation compared to other wall materials.
6. Savings on the cost of wall materials. The cost of 1m2 of a “Warm House” wall is approximately 1.5 times lower than the cost of a brick wall with similar heat conservation properties.
7. Easy to install sewer, water pipes and electrical wiring. As a result, savings on these works.
Thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.036 W/m*K
Vapor permeability - 0.032 mg/m*h
Moisture absorption (24 hours, by volume) - 0.10%
Acoustic insulation - 46 dB.
Heat transfer resistance - More than 3.2 m2K/W
Self-extinguishing polystyrene foam Alfapor is used
Construction using permanent formwork technology Warm House:
Concrete consumption(M200): concrete thickness 100mm - 0.09m 3 /m 2 concrete thickness 70mm - 0.06m 3 /m 2 | Reinforcement consumption: from 6.5 kg/m2 for buildings above 2 floors. |
A house made of permanent formwork is also called a thermal house. And that's why. The walls of the house are initially assembled from hollow polystyrene foam blocks. These voids are then reinforced to provide longitudinal rigidity to the frame and filled with concrete mixture. The result is a single monolithic structure. With the thickness of such walls of a house made of permanent formwork being 25 centimeters ( standard size block 1200x250x250 mm) its heat saving indicators are comparable to brick wall 50-65 centimeters thick.
Having analyzed the reviews of owners of houses made of permanent formwork, we can highlight the following advantages:
The disadvantages of polystyrene foam permanent formwork include:
Important! Some owners of such buildings prefer to dismantle inner layer expanded polystyrene. You can tear off the foam inside. It is worth noting that in this case the heat capacity of the walls decreases.
There are practically no restrictions here. Using this technology the following can be built:
According to reviews from the owners of such houses, we can give advice - do not use permanent formwork from little-known companies. The density of polystyrene foam in it should be at least 25-35 kg/m3. Otherwise it is fraught with:
Before purchasing formwork of this type, be sure to ask the seller to present a hygienic certificate for it.
These types include:
You can make permanent formwork yourself from moisture-resistant plywood, cement particle boards or sheets flat slate. It turns out to be quite durable and resistant to moisture. However, the wall has low thermal insulation properties. Therefore, insulation of the building will be required, for example mineral wool. You will also need enhanced waterproofing and fasteners.
What is a thermohouse? This building was constructed using permanent polystyrene foam formwork. It is quite simple to build a building using this technology with your own hands. Correct Application our advice is already 100% success in construction. Get to know everyone necessary actions in construction, you can read this article.
Many appear every year latest technologies and developments in modern construction. The method of manufacturing permanent formwork is one of them. He gained popularity because of his merits. Inexpensive, time-saving, easy to use. This method contains many innovations and meets all the relevant requirements. The strength of the structure and simplicity influenced the speed of construction. - this is some kind of large construction set that is assembled into one, and the void is filled with reinforcement and mortar. The construction of a thermal house is impossible without the use of permanent formwork, only it is used for this type of house.
Each design and each material has how positive characteristics, and negative sides. To know what to work with, you need to know more about them. Let's take a closer look at what these qualities are. For quality work, everything must be taken into account character traits permanent formwork.
Application in construction has a number of advantages. First of all, it is ease of installation. Elements lock connections The structures are very easy to assemble, without the use of any fixing solutions. The first stage is pouring the foundation, as with any beginning. construction work. Most suitable for the type we have chosen monolithic slab. It is necessary to remove the reinforcement from the foundation for further fastening to the walls.
It must be remembered that the foundation should not be built without waterproofing. It is necessary to protect the solution from moisture penetration from the soil. Laying blocks begins with leveling all surfaces where the masonry will be laid.
The blocks begin to be installed from the corners of the building, connecting them to each other with horizontally laid reinforcement rods. To pour concrete you need to lay out 2-3 rows. Concrete should be poured to a level not exceeding 50% of the top row. Before the concrete has yet hardened, it is compacted. Expanded polystyrene blocks are sufficiently sealed together, which reduces the risk of the poured solution leaking into the structure. For further work with door and window openings, special blocks with plugs are purchased.
Installation of the first row of blocks
The formwork is removed after approximately 20-25 days. Smooth openings remain; later they are lined with other materials. After completion, the walls are finished on the outside. The most commonly used type is siding or blockhouse.
There is a lot of controversy about the environmental properties of this material. Styrene - the substance on the basis of which polystyrene foam is made is considered a poison for human body. The most harmful thing is that when the temperature increases to +90 degrees and above, this substance begins to actively release toxins in environment. However, according to MPC standards, it is completely suitable for the construction of individual housing.
Permanent formwork is a special design. The technology of building houses using it has become quite widespread today, and this is no coincidence. Practice has shown that permanent formwork house- this is one of the most affordable types of building your own home, which is distinguished by its reliability, efficiency and simplicity of constructing the entire structure - building a house using this technology is comparable to the process of assembling a construction set.
The essence of the technology is to collect uniform design, that is, pre-installed blocks with special voids, are assembled into grooves, and reinforcement is laid on the lintels. Next, all cavities are filled with high-strength cement. Thus, the end result is a monolithic reinforced concrete wall, insulated with expanded polystyrene.
Construction using permanent formwork results in a durable structure that does not require additional insulation. Fast, economical, and most importantly – inexpensive.
The price of building a private house from permanent formwork is from 13,600 rubles per m2
Let us briefly consider the main stages of building a house from permanent formwork. There are six main stages in total:
1. Project selection- most important stage Since the house is not built for one year, the choice of layout and auxiliary factors should be approached very responsibly. Despite the fact that construction using permanent formwork allows the construction of houses up to 16 floors, low-rise buildings are the most widespread. Since polystyrene foam can be easily processed, almost any design can be obtained. This makes it possible to build complex architectural forms from permanent formwork. A house made of permanent formwork can have various configurations, almost any layout and includes the possibility of redevelopment, for example, adding some elements.
2. Construction of the foundation. The type of this design is determined by the peculiarities of the construction of the house, the characteristics of the local soil, the level groundwater and other factors. A house made of permanent formwork can be erected on a strip, columnar or prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation. The most widespread strip foundation, as the simplest and most reliable design. The foundation depth is approximately one and a half meters, below the freezing level of the soil. This requires extensive excavation work, which increases the cost of construction using permanent formwork. If you want to save money, you can equip the foundation without ground floor. The savings will be 15% of the total construction cost, while a prefabricated strip foundation structure is used. For this type of house, waterproofing is mandatory.
3. Once the foundation is ready, you can begin building walls. Please note that this process is as simple as possible and includes three main cycles:
The first row is attached to the foundation by vertical reinforcement. Next, according to the house design, they begin to lay rods in the grooves of the blocks at a horizontal level. These same rods will be connected to vertical reinforcement by twisting. The second row of blocks is laid using the overlapping method, which will create a strong and reliable design. Cementing is carried out every two rows of blocks. Since polystyrene foam has a high coefficient thermal resistance, then the walls can be quite thin, and no additional insulation will be required. There will be significant savings on material.
4. Stage conducting communications includes a number of processes that are directly related to the previous ones. The project initially included schemes for conducting communications into the house, and both during the construction of the foundation and during the construction of walls, these facts must be taken into account. Connection of water supply and gas pipes, electrical cables and other communication elements are carried out together with the construction of walls where special inputs are installed. All main communications can be laid inside the formwork - no boxes are required.
5. Stage exterior finishing necessary, since polystyrene foam blocks have an unaesthetic appearance. For exterior decoration, you can choose almost any material, such as siding, a natural stone, plastering decorative species plasters and many others - everything is limited by imagination and financial capabilities.
6. Interior decoration – the process is long and requires financial costs. It is also determined by the financial capabilities of the home owner. The smooth surface of the blocks allows you to significantly save on some finishing works. The walls can be plastered, painted or wallpapered. The type of finish is chosen according to your own preferences.
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So, we have already found out: what are the main stages of construction using permanent formwork. The main process involves the construction of walls. This is done strictly according to a certain technology. The basic principle of masonry is the displacement of each new row. The connection of polystyrene foam blocks is carried out with slight pressure on the edges, due to which the special locks are connected to each other tightly and reliably. It is worth noting that the most important is the third row, which serves as a control indicator for the alignment of the blocks along the vertical seams. After the formwork is constructed, the voids are cemented.
Pouring concrete in permanent formwork has its own characteristics. It is worth starting cementing from the corners, moving towards the center. This will help prevent air bubbles from forming. Monolithic construction should be very durable. To achieve this result, it is advisable to use concrete with a strength grade of at least M200. For additional strength, use gravel backfill with a gravel fraction of no more than 20. All filling is done using a concrete pump. Also, construction using permanent formwork includes bayoneting - this is the process of compacting concrete (also carried out to remove air bubbles and lay layers more evenly). The solution is poured into no more than two or three rows, and the surface is not leveled. This is necessary so that the new layer adheres better to the previous one. Please note that the construction simple walls and walls that have complex structural elements or ledges, are erected equally quickly. Labor intensity does not change, while ready house made of permanent formwork will have any desired configuration.
Construction of a cottage from permanent formwork allows you to achieve significant savings during further operation. Since heating does not require significant costs, costs will be significantly reduced. This is explained by the properties of polystyrene foam; the material retains heat well. Please note that by saving both on materials and on heating the house, the house will have more internal area, because the walls are thinner than those of a brick or other house. This is why permanent formwork technology is gaining increasing popularity. The effectiveness of the formwork has justified itself from a practical point of view, and the process does not include dismantling the formwork - the entire structure is completely monolithic. It is this fact that determines all the properties of a house made of permanent formwork.
This technology is the most promising direction. In essence, it is a quick construction of a house. Not required during construction special tool, ordinary saws, knives, shovels and a container for mixing concrete are enough. Since the blocks are very light, the walls can be erected completely independently. However, this should not be done, since knowledge of the process is still required. Some unaccounted nuances can lead to disastrous consequences. It is best if the house is built by professionals; the resulting housing will last you for decades.
Construction of a house from permanent formwork- it is reliable and quick way get a modern, beautiful and economical house. The cost of such a house is much less than that of a brick one. The number of floors of your house can be any, since polystyrene foam blocks allow you to get enough tall house. If necessary, the house can be equipped with: a terrace, an attic, any complex architectural elements, such as a bay window and many other elements. A house made from permanent formwork can be reconstructed and improved, for example, by adding a terrace.
So, we found out that the technology of permanent formwork is quite simple and does not require capital investments. Let's point out some positive sides this technology.
Main advantage- this is the speed of building a house. In just 5 days you can completely build walls! Such results are unlikely to be achieved with other technologies. Despite the fact that polystyrene foam blocks have very big size, their weight is relatively light. Due to this, the process of constructing walls is simplified as much as possible.
Further, we can note the high variability of wall configurations. Expanded polystyrene blocks can be easily processed, with some custom elements already coming from the factory. This allows you to create any individual project home to suit your needs. You can think of additional utility rooms or bathrooms. In addition, you can choose different variants ceilings, that is, it is not necessary to do monolithic ceiling, for example, you can arrange either wooden or prefabricated floor, reinforced concrete beams are also suitable.
Let us highlight a number of other advantages:
This is just a small number of advantages that are inherent in construction using permanent formwork. It may also be noted that houses of this type are earthquake resistant. Performance properties are characterized by the structure of the frame, where there are no voids or “cold bridges”. In addition, the formwork is resistant to aging and wear, temperature changes and other weather influences. In general, building a house has short time, since the construction scheme is clear and proven, it has long proven itself in practice. Each stage includes savings: monolithic walls lighter than brick, so a solid foundation is not required; the walls are immediately insulated; Since the walls have the correct geometry, they do not need to be leveled.
When building with permanent formwork, you need to pay a lot of attention to preparing the concrete mixture. It should have a homogeneous mass. Additionally, you will have to check the strength grade. If you choose low-quality concrete, the walls will subsequently be less durable. It is also necessary to monitor the correct installation of the reinforcement.
Main difficulty when constructing walls from permanent formwork, this is a high-quality compaction of the concrete mixture. If this work is carried out poorly, then “sinks” may form in the wall, which will also affect the strength finished design. This is unacceptable, as this will lead to the effect of “floating” the formwork. The last row of masonry requires special attention and professional approach. The entire load from the roof will be taken by this particular row. It is important to arrange the walls as vertically and linearly as possible. Construction using permanent formwork requires the installation of scaffolding and special fasteners that will ensure the verticality of the walls and provide direct access to the height. It is unlikely that you will be able to do this on your own. Nobody needs a crooked house, so it is necessary that construction is carried out only by professionals in this field.
When erecting walls, as we noted above, no special tools are required, however, some elements, if used correctly during construction, are aimed at speeding up and simplifying the process. Difficulties are also noted in arranging door and window openings, as well as corner openings, when making bay windows and other architectural forms. IN in this case a professional approach from specialists is also required.
It is worth noting that the level of the walls directly depends on the level of the foundation. If the foundation is made poorly, then the walls will “float”. If the walls turn out to be uneven, then it is impossible to compensate for the defect with the thickness of the mortar - the house will have to be dismantled to the level of the foundation and rebuilt again. This is very expensive both in time and money. Wall modules are sometimes additionally glued together to achieve the required strength. This also makes adjustments to the expense item.
As for the environmental friendliness of the material, it cannot be called one hundred percent, since liquid glass has its drawbacks. This requires the construction of mandatory ventilation in the house. Also among the disadvantages can be noted, the mandatory external finishing walls
We examined the features of construction using permanent formwork, its advantages and disadvantages of this technology. All this leads us to the conclusion: we need a reliable team, a high-quality project and a solution to other problems.
The Art Stroy Design company is ready to provide you with a range of services quickly, easily and inexpensively. Our accumulated experience allows us to provide guarantees at all stages of construction. We employ only highly qualified specialists, which also acts as an additional guarantor for you. All details can be found by calling us.
