Lustration. All high-ranking civil servants, members of the Labor Party ruling until 1991, as well as persons collaborating with the secret police were prohibited from being elected or holding leadership positions in government agencies until 2002 (1995 laws).
Ban of the Communist Party. Prohibition of fascist, Marxist-Leninist and racist parties (law 1992).
Lustration. Criminal liability without a statute of limitations for persons who committed “betrayal of the Motherland” between December 1944 and May 1990, up to life imprisonment (1992 law). In 1994, the Constitutional Court declared this law unconstitutional. The second stage of lustration (until 2001) was reduced to the disclosure of information about the cooperation of citizens with state security agencies. In 2005, parliament opened wide access to secret documents about intelligence agents.
Prohibition of characters. Communist and Nazi symbols have been banned since 1993. Individuals who use symbols of totalitarianism to disturb civil peace or display them in public are subject to fines.
Lustration. A ban on holding high positions in the state for persons who served in the KGB or held leadership positions in the CPSU (2010 law). A lustration commission has been created, which is engaged in the eradication of communist symbols in Georgia, including in the names of streets and squares, as well as the elimination of monuments praising the totalitarian past. Former employees intelligence services of the Soviet Union, as well as former officials of the Communist Party and Komsomol will not be able to work in executive authorities and in the judicial system (2011 law).
Prohibition of characters. Communist and Nazi ideology is prohibited, as well as its use in in public places Soviet and fascist symbols
(2011 law).
Lustration. All parliamentary candidates are required to indicate in writing whether they have connections with Soviet or other secret services (1992 law). A ban on the election of persons who were members of the Communist Party and a number of organizations friendly to it after January 13, 1991, as well as employees and agents of the KGB (1995 law).
Prohibition of characters. Since 1991, Soviet and Nazi symbols have been banned at public events. The ban does not apply to entertainment, holiday, memorial and sporting events.
Lustration. A law has been adopted on checking the mandates of deputies suspected of knowingly collaborating with special services USSR or other states.
Prohibition of characters. The use of Soviet and Nazi symbols, anthems, uniforms and images of the leaders of the National Socialists of Germany and the leaders of the CPSU at public meetings has been prohibited since 2008.
Ban of the Communist Party. Since 1992, the Communist Party has been banned in the country; in fact, it operates underground.
Lustration. All those wishing to enter the civil service (ministers, judges, deputies, senators) and candidates for parliamentary elections who had previously collaborated with the communist intelligence services had to repent publicly and receive forgiveness. If such information was concealed, the applicant was deprived of the right to hold public positions for a 10-year period (1997 law).
Prohibition of characters. Criminal liability (fines, imprisonment for up to two years) for the storage, distribution or sale of things or records containing communist symbols since 2009. Their use for artistic, educational purposes, as well as collecting is allowed. An article of the Criminal Code prohibits Nazi symbols and the display of symbols of “other totalitarian regimes.”
Lustration. The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia was called “a criminal organization and worthy of condemnation.” Career employees and secret agents of the special services, employees of the party apparatus of the Communist Party of Human Rights, who “politically led” state security, were deprived of the right to occupy responsible positions in government agencies for 5 years if a special commission could prove their guilt (1993 law).
Prohibition of characters. Communist symbols are prohibited. But the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia remains one of the leading political forces in the country.
Lustration. The Law on Extrajudicial mass repressions in Soviet Estonia in the 1940s–1950s, according to which the prosecutor's office was instructed to consider the issue of initiating criminal cases and bringing to justice those responsible for massacres and other crimes against humanity.
Prohibition of characters. Ban on the use of Nazi and Soviet symbols
in public places since 2007
Ban of the Communist Party. The Communist Party of Turkmenistan (CPT) has existed illegally since 1992. In 2002, after a series of opposition protests, the leader of the KPT, Rakhimov, was accused of participating in the preparation of an assassination attempt on President Niyazov and was sentenced to 25 years in prison. According to unconfirmed information, in December 2006 he was killed in prison along with several of his associates.
Ban of the Communist Party. The Communist Party of Uzbekistan, founded in 1994, exists illegally.
What happened to the most traditional communist parties in Europe? Which of them have allied with other leftists, and which are still fighting back alone? We present here their main theses, alliances and election results.
Before talking about communist parties in other countries, it is important to note the following information about the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP): in the entire euro area, it is the party led by Jeronimo Sousa that has the largest number of votes compared to its counterparts in other countries. This state of affairs has persisted for several years, but the parliamentary elections on October 4 confirmed it again: the RSR managed to gain 8.25% and gain 17 seats - the highest figure since 1999.
In Europe, after the PCP, the second communist party with the largest number The votes are Greek KKE with 5.6%. The Communist Party of Britain is the least popular, with just over a thousand voters across the UK voting for it in the May elections. In Portugal's neighbourhood, Spain, since 1986, the Communist Party has competed in elections in coalition with the United Left - as is the case with the PCP, which has been running in elections with the Greens since 1987 - in the Coalition of Democratic Unity (CDU). Let's get to know some of the fellow PCPs in Europe in order.
Greece. Loses votes, but doesn't give up
Apart from the PCP, among those European communist parties that still retain the ideological matrix of Marxism-Leninism, it is the Greek KKE that demonstrates the greatest electoral success. In the latest parliamentary elections on September 20, which confirmed Syriza's victory in January of this year, KKE was the fifth party in terms of the number of votes received - 5.6%.
The Greek Communist Party operated underground until 1974, when the Greek far-right dictatorship came to an end. Since then this party has existed on legally and never lost its representation in the Greek Parliament. Best result It was recorded in June 1989 - 13.1%, when it entered the elections in a coalition with the leftist Synapismos - which later became one of the political forces that formed SYRIZA.
The days of coalitions seem to have passed for the KKE after the collapse of the Soviet Union - it was then, after this historical turning point, that the Greek communists lost their votes. Since then, voting numbers have stabilized at 5-6% - although in May 2012, under the leadership of Aleka Papariga, the first woman to lead the party, they peaked at 8.5%. Currently general secretary KKE is Dimitris Koutsoumpas. KKE advocates for Greece to leave the euro and the European Union, as well as NATO.
On the party's website, which is available in several languages, you can read a passage that well illustrates the KKE's enthusiastic rhetoric:
“Without downplaying the consequences of changing the balance of power, we must be more demanding, first of all, of ourselves. We must exercise greater rigor not only to consolidate and consolidate what we have already achieved, but also to move into a more dynamic phase of counterattack and consolidation. We do not bend under the burden of difficulties and do not ignore them. We accept our responsibilities objectively, without any embellishment or nihilism."
The KKE has one representative in Brussels, in the United European Left group, where the PCP and the Portuguese Left Bloc are also members.
France. Together on the Left Front
The French Communist Party (PCF), although it continues its autonomous activities, Lately participates in elections under the banner of the Left Front (Front de Gauche). In the coalition, the PCF is by far the largest party (in 2011, according to L’Express, it numbered 138 thousand activists), but at the forefront of the coalition appears none other than the leader of the second largest political force, the Left Party (9 thousand members). It's about about Jean-Luc Mélénchon, former Trotskyist teacher and minister vocational education in the government of Lionel Jospin, who in 2008 decided to leave the French Socialist Party to found the Left Party. On presidential elections 2012 Mélenchon came fourth, gaining 11.1% of the vote. One of his promises was to impose a 75 percent tax on those whose annual earnings exceed 1 million euros.
Until 1994, the PCF was the owner of the daily newspaper L’Humanité, which since then has been a formally independent publication, meanwhile providing access to its pages to all trends ideologically close to the party. As in Portugal, in France communists traditionally hold a holiday with concerts, discussions and rallies, the name of which refers to the newspaper. Feast of Humanite (Fête de L'Humanité).
The Left Front is represented in the European Parliament by four deputies in the United European Left group.
Spain. Far from Podemos
As in the case of France, the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) has been participating in elections since 1986 as part of the United Left (Izquierda Unida) coalition. Although the latter includes other political forces - such as the Republican Left or the Open Left - the leaders of the United Left have always been general secretaries The PCE, which, according to 2009 data, had 12,558 members and is the largest party in the coalition. It is currently headed by Alberto Garzón.
(The case of the PCE is identical in every way to the PCP, which since 1987 has competed in elections in a coalition with the Greens, forming the CDU. Like the Spanish United Left, in the CDU it is also the communists who have the lion's share of parliamentary seats: 15 deputies against two from the party " green").
A coalition, yes, but not to the extent of uniting with Podemos, a European political family that also includes the Portuguese Left Bloc. After several months in which it seemed that the two parties were moving towards rapprochement ahead of parliamentary elections scheduled for December 20, 2015, Podemos' poor results caused a cooling off. The division was confirmed after a meeting of the two sides, each of whom eventually spoke of "popular unity" despite the lack of unity between themselves. “We regret that Podemos has closed the door to popular unity,” Garzón said.
“We continue our work for change and regret that there are those who choose not to join (...). Our goal is clear: to build National unity", Podemos said in a statement.
The United Left has 4 deputies in Brussels, also in the United European Left group.
Great Britain. Help for Corbyn?
When two parties are confused with one another, it is likely that neither party is particularly strong. This situation has developed in Great Britain in relation to two parties called communist: the Communist Party of Britain and the Communist Party of Great Britain.
In July, the general secretary of the Communist Party of Britain, the larger of the two whose newspaper (albeit unofficially) is the Morning Star, Robert Griffiths announced his support for Jeremy Corbyn, even before he was elected to lead the Labor Party. “Only Jeremy Corbyn stands for taxation of the rich and capitalist monopolies, for investment in public services, and not for their privatization, for the construction more social housing, for the return of energy and railways to the state, for rejecting anti-union laws and weapons of mass destruction that are expensive, immoral and useless,” Griffiths writes.
The confusion began when another communist party (PCGB) was accused of infiltrating Labor members to vote for Corbyn in the delegate elections. Only now these accusations have also spread to the PCB. Griffiths was quick to clarify that that Communist Party was not his Communist Party. “It's a little silly, a little like Life of Brian,” he said, likening the situation to a Monty Python film.
In the May 2015 parliamentary elections, the PCB received only 1,229 votes. PCGB did not participate.
However, British communists do not exist only in these parties. Within the Labor Party itself there is a Marxist faction, the so-called Labor Party Marxists.
“Our main task is to transform the Labor Party into an instrument of the working class and international socialism. To this end, we are ready to reunite with others in the search for unity of the left both inside and outside the party,” we read in the list of the main provisions of this group.
Germany. Revival of the Stasi?
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were Germans, but even this does not seem to be enough to make the German Communist Party truly relevant to the country's politics. The last time the party was represented in the Bundestag was in 2008, when Christel Wegner, a member of the German Communist Party but elected on the Die Linke list, was expelled from the party faction after calling in an interview for the return of the political police GDR times:
“I think that if a new society were to be created, we would again need an organization [like the Stasi] to protect the country from reactionary forces trying to destroy the state from within.”
It is in Die Linke that the main German left forces are concentrated (in general, the name of the party speaks for itself). The party was formed in 2007 and incorporated various forces, located to the left of the second largest party in Germany - the Social Democratic Party, including the latter's dissidents. In addition, it included old members of the Party of Democratic Socialism (successor to the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, the political force on which the GDR dictatorship relied).
In the last parliamentary elections in Germany in 2013, Die Linke received 8.2% of the votes. The party has seven members of the Brussels European Parliament and became a source of inspiration for the Portuguese Left Bloc when it decided in 2012 to opt for two co-chairs - a model of two-headed leadership.
The choice of ideology has forever divided people. For young people, for the most part, this is just a question of belonging to one or another subculture, but for people, actions are significant differences that do not allow them to make contact. In this article we will tell you in which countries there is communism now, in which video it exists.
The feudal system had one significant advantage:
A miserable existence in harsh conditions is a dubious prospect. But if you remember the number of deaths in civil wars all over the world - this will no longer seem like such a drawback of a bygone era. A hundred years ago, similar “political debates” took place on our territory, when the following arguments were used:
And both sides did not disdain massive “reductions in numbers” of the enemy, so it’s not even possible to blame any specific ideology. The dispute itself, the very belief in the possibility of establishing better formation can turn a person into a cruel creature.
In fact, communism remained only on the pages of theoretical works about political life And state structure. There has never been communism in any country in the world, although they tried to build it:
To put it very roughly, communism implies that the existing production capacity is enough to provide everything necessary for every person on the planet, without exception. Everyone can receive:
It turns out that it is only necessary to “correctly” distribute all available goods so as not to “offend” anyone. Everyone will receive exactly as much as they need. But for this it is necessary to “take control” of every production on the planet, taking it away from the current owners. And already at this moment you may encounter insurmountable difficulties. What can we say about equal and fair distribution, which the history of mankind does not know and, most likely, will never know.
There are countries that are trying or have tried to build communism on their territory:
In many ways, the influence was exerted by the Union, which exported ideology and control mechanisms. For this he received his share of influence on events within the country. Today The most successful country with a ruling communist party is China. But even this Asian country:
It is difficult to talk about total state control in such conditions. Things are a little different in Cuba and North Korea. These countries do not abandon the path laid out in the second half of the last century, although movement along this road causes serious difficulties:
These regimes, without significant changes, can last for a very long time - there is enough safety margin. Another question is whether this will benefit the people living in these territories.
To countries with a strong social program can be attributed:
Everything that our grandparents dreamed of, the Swedes were able to bring to life. It's about:
In 2017, a referendum was held in Switzerland on guaranteed payment to citizens of a certain amount each month. These funds would have been enough for a comfortable existence, but the Swiss refused. And all without communist parties, Lenin and red stars.
It turns out that there can be a highly developed state that cares about the well-being of its own citizens and considers this value as its highest priority. Requirements for such a country:
Any attempts to prove your uniqueness or impose opinions on other countries lead to a decrease in the role civil society in government life, which results in strong states with weak social programs.
There is no real communism in the world. Perhaps something similar existed among our ancestors, during the primitive communal system. In modern times, communist regimes rule:
A number of European countries respect social policy, although there is not a bust of Lenin in every office:
Somewhere high standards lives are secured by oil income, in some places by long-standing and successful investments. But one thing is constant - for “equality and fraternity” necessary high performance labor and good economic indicators.
Building such a model is possible in any country in the world; for this it is not necessary to overthrow the current government and impose the power of the proletariat. It is enough to push the idea of high social standards and make the task of improving the lives of citizens the main goal of the country.
In this video, political scientist Vyacheslav Volkov will talk about 4 unusual looking communism that existed previously and exists in our time:
A Kiev court ruled to ban the activities of the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU) in the country. The petition to the court was filed by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. The court also rejected the complaint of the Communist Party of Ukraine regarding the recognition of its charter and symbols as inconsistent with the legislation of the country. Previously, the Communist Party of Ukraine had already been deprived of a faction in the Verkhovna Rada and was actually completely excluded from participation in the political life of the country. “What did you expect from the fascist regime? We will act legally and illegally, the truth is behind us,” the head of the Communist Party of Ukraine, Pyotr Symonenko, told Kommersant.
“The court has completed its consideration of the case on the claim of the Ministry of Justice against the Communist Party of Ukraine for a ban on its activities,” the press service of the Kiev District Administrative Court reported today. “The court satisfied the ministry’s claim in full, banning the activities of the Communist Party of Ukraine.” The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine filed a petition to ban the Communist Party back in July 2014. Then, as TASS reports, this was motivated by the fact that the Communist Party of Ukraine “commits actions aimed at changing the constitutional system by force, violating the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country, promoting violence, inciting interethnic hatred.” The trial in this case took place on December 10.
The head of the Communist Party of Ukraine, Petro Symonenko, believes that the battle is not yet lost. “So far it was only the court of first instance. Next – appeal, cassation and the European Court of Human Rights. There we have good chances“, the leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine said in a conversation with Kommersant. “I think this was done because on Friday the Venice Commission is considering our claim to invalidate the decision to ban our symbols.” He also added that the Communist Party is determined. “We will act legally, illegally, whatever we want. The truth is behind us,” said Pyotr Simonenko.
Today, the Kiev Administrative Court of Appeal refused to satisfy the complaint of the Communist Party of Ukraine against the previously adopted order of the Ministry of Justice of July 23 No. 1312/5. This order contained the legal opinion of the Commission on compliance with the law of Ukraine “On the condemnation of the communist and national socialist (Nazi) totalitarian regimes in Ukraine and the ban on the propaganda of their symbols.” According to it, the symbols and charter of the Communist Party of Ukraine were declared non-compliant with the requirements of the law.
The head of the Ministry of Justice has already expressed satisfaction with both decisions. “We are convinced that these court decisions will have extremely positive consequences for the entire Ukrainian society,” Ukrainian Justice Minister Pavel Petrenko wrote on his Facebook page. “Ukrainian society should be based on the true cultural values of our people, live in the European legal framework and not repeat the mistakes of the past."
The ban on the Communist Party of Ukraine was the latest act in the epic of getting rid of the Soviet ideological legacy in Ukraine. On May 15, Petro Poroshenko signed the so-called decommunization package of four laws adopted by Verkhovna Rada deputies on April 9. They banned Soviet symbols, condemned the communist regime, opened access to the archives of the Soviet intelligence services, and recognized the soldiers of the Ukrainian rebel army as fighters for the country's independence. It was on the basis of one of these laws that the Ministry of Justice filed a lawsuit against the Communist Party of Ukraine.
In April, the Russian Foreign Ministry expressed extreme indignation at the adopted documents. “The blasphemy with which this entire epic was organized in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine with the adoption of a package of “anti-communist”, and in fact anti-Russian and anti-Ukrainian laws just on the eve of the 70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War,” the press service said then, is striking.
Problems for the Communist Party of Ukraine began after President Viktor Yanukovych was removed from power in the country in February 2014. The Communist Party of Ukraine has repeatedly expressed disagreement with the policies of the new Ukrainian authorities. In May 2014, acting head of state Oleksandr Turchynov initiated a review of the Communist Party of Ukraine for links to protests in eastern Ukraine. On July 22, 2014, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine voted to dissolve the communist faction. The decision came into force on the same day after it was signed by President Petro Poroshenko. On September 15, the Central Election Commission of Ukraine registered the Communist Party of Ukraine for early elections in Verkhovna Rada. The communists scored, according to official data, 3.88% and did not get into the Verkhovna Rada. They received the most (10.25% and 11.88%) in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions of Ukraine.
Mikhail Korostikov
In which countries of the world is the Communist Party banned? and got the best answer
Answer from Ping Pong[guru]
It was banned in Germany in 1956. They did the right thing.
Answer from Pedal horse[guru]
In civilized countries, the murder party is prohibited.
Answer from ArArAt*****[guru]
In South Africa, during the apartheid regime...
Answer from Nikolay Khomyakov[guru]
As far as I know, in Latvia.
Answer from Yergey Ivanov[guru]
Communist parties in 2011 are ruling in China, Cuba, Vietnam, Laos, and the DPRK (under the name of the Workers' Party of Korea).
They are members of the ruling coalitions in Cyprus, Italy, Nepal, and Uruguay.
Cuba Cuba (Communist Party of Cuba) (1959), the only legal party in that country
Democratic People's Republic of Korea DPRK (Workers' Party of Korea leads the United Democratic Fatherland Front) (1948)
People's Republic of China (Communist Party of China, heads the Patriotic United Front of the Chinese People); Hong Kong and Macau excluded from this system (1949)
Vietnam Vietnam (The Communist Party of Vietnam leads the Vietnamese Fatherland Front, en:Vietnamese Fatherland Front) (1976)
Laos Laos (The Lao People's Revolutionary Party heads the Lao Front for National Construction, en:Lao Front for National Construction) (1975)
Syria Syria (Syrian Communist Party is part of the National Progressive Front) (1963)
Moldova Moldova (The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova has a formal majority in parliament, but is not ruling)
Nepal Nepal (From August 2008 to March 2013, the Prime Ministers of Nepal were representatives of the communist parties (Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist) (2008)
Uruguay Uruguay (The Communist Party of Uruguay is part of the Broad Front, a coalition uniting communists, socialists, Trotskyists, Christian Democrats, which has been in power in Uruguay since 2004. In the 2004 elections, the Broad Front received 51.7% of the votes and held 52 deputy out of 99. The President of Uruguay on March 1, 2010 was José Mujica, a former member of the Tupamaros (National Liberation Movement) guerrilla movement, a Marxist radical organization that used urban guerrilla methods in the armed struggle against the government) (2004)
South Africa Republic of South Africa - South African Communist Party
Ukraine Ukraine - Communist Party of Ukraine
Sri Lanka Democratic Socialist Republic Sri Lanka - Communist Party of Sri Lanka
taken from the site
Answer from Vsevolod Korablev[guru]
in many Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, UAE, Bahrain, in Myanmar there are countries where it has never existed, all sorts of Fiji, Belize, etc. if they had banned it in Russia, it would have been just wonderful!
Answer from Walter[guru]
If it's banned, there's a reason for it. After the fact that the Communists sucked the blood out of half the world, it’s not surprising that they banned it.
Answer from Chernov Nikita[newbie]
Communist parties are banned in countries where the ruling regime is a dictatorship because communist parties oppose the idea of some people exploiting others
