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» Barn roof frame. Do-it-yourself pitched roof - step by step with photos - for a house, barn, garage. DIY pitched roof installation

Barn roof frame. Do-it-yourself pitched roof - step by step with photos - for a house, barn, garage. DIY pitched roof installation

At the dacha you can’t do without a shed. Materials and working tools are stored here, and some settle in it for a while while the house is being built. The 3x6 format is the most popular. Most often it is done with pitched roof. Ordering a project for an outbuilding is a very expensive pleasure; it is better to make the drawings yourself. And from our article with photos and videos you will learn how to build this building with your own hands.

Since the barn is an auxiliary building, special architectural delights are not needed here, but it should not stand out in the overall design of the site. Optimal options 2:

  • adjoin close to the house;
  • take it to the edge of the site.

Place the shed in convenient location

When choosing the location of the building, you should proceed from the following considerations:

  1. Soil on construction site should be the least suitable for laying out beds. Perhaps there is a place where nothing grows because of strong shade or with such a relief that it is impossible to place anything else there except a shed.
  2. TO utility room there must be convenient access.
  3. The shed must be placed at such a distance from the work site that it is not far to carry heavy tools and equipment used on the site.

There are quite a lot of options for buildings, let’s consider some that are not very complex.

Attention! When constructing a utility unit, the presence of drawings or at least sketches made by hand, required condition. Without this, it will be difficult for you to correctly determine the location for the construction of the future shed; you will not be able to calculate how much material you need to purchase.

Frame shed made of OSB boards

Having cleared and leveled the site according to the hydraulic level, they begin to construct the foundation. The easiest way is to lay it around the perimeter foundation blocks. You can make a columnar foundation by digging holes under it and arranging a cushion at the bottom, and installing ready-made blocks on it vertically. The second option is to make the base yourself by pouring concrete mixture. Further:

  • assemble the lower trim;
  • treat with an antiseptic;
  • lay the floor from rot-proof boards;
  • install the first frame post, secure it with a metal angle, attach a temporary spacer for rigidity;
  • attach an OSB sheet to the stand and base;
  • install the second rack, secure it to the previously installed sheet;

OSB shed
  • remove the spacer and repeat everything;
  • assemble the top frame from timber directly on the site;
  • install the structure on the racks and secure it;
  • assemble the truss structure;
  • attach the sheathing;
  • cover the shed with corrugated sheeting or other material.

All that remains is to paint the building and make steps.

Advice. It is better to attach the sheets to the bottom of the frame, retreating 5 cm. To do this, attach a block, the height of which is 50 mm, to the bottom trim. The sheet is rested on it, secured, and the control bar is moved further.

3x6 shed with a pitched roof from what was found

An outbuilding with a pitched roof is not difficult to build, it is inexpensive, and it looks interesting, especially if you use existing leftover building materials. To build such a building with your own hands, you only need to have minimal carpentry experience.

Before we begin construction, we will collect tools and materials in one place. You can do everything manually, but if you have a screwdriver, an electric plane and jigsaw, an angle grinder, or a drill, the construction will be completed 2 times faster. The material you need to have is:


Simple shed diagram
  1. The beam is 15x10 cm. The frame is constructed from it.
  2. Edged boards 5x15 cm, 4x15 cm for slings and sheathing, respectively.
  3. Unedged boards. The lathing is made from them.
  4. Roofing material.
  5. Waterproofing.
  6. Ingredients for preparing concrete mass.
  7. Self-tapping screws, nails.
  8. Ruberoid.

A barn like this lightweight materials, but it also needs a foundation. The most rational decision- columns laid to a depth of 0.4-0.5 m. Having considered all the nuances, we begin to work:

  • mark the outline of the future structure using a tape measure;
  • drive pegs into the corners and pull the rope;
  • mark the places where it is planned to install poles;
  • holes are made with a drill;
  • formwork is made on top, protruding 0.2-0.3 m;
  • arrange a cushion of gravel and sand, insert reinforcing bars;
  • fill;
  • let stand for 4 days;

Construction of a barn
  • the wood is treated with an antiseptic composition;
  • remove the formwork from the pillars;
  • cover the head with double folded roofing material;
  • a frame is assembled from a timber and tightened with staples;
  • install the racks, checking the verticality with a level;
  • strengthen the vertical beams with the help of temporary slopes, while the racks of the front wall must be higher to ensure an average roof slope of 17 degrees;
  • install logs with a distance of 0.6-1.2 m and lay the floor;
  • The ceiling is placed on vertical supports, securing the beams with brackets.

Important! Optimal distance between the elements of the columnar foundation - 120-150 cm. Their number depends on the dimensions of the barn.

Roof

When the frame is assembled, they begin to build the roof:


Advice. Step between elements rafter system from 0.6 to 0.8 m. This means that for a building 3x6 m you need to stock up on eight rafter legs.

  • If you plan to make a roof from galvanized iron, then you can do without lathing. For a 3x6 shed, 2 sheets are enough, but they need to be laid with an overlap.
  • When covering a shed with edged boards, an overlap of about 25 mm should be made. To prevent unpainted areas from appearing after the wood dries, better painting perform before sheathing.
  • Paint consumption, if applied in 2 layers, is about 15 liters for a barn dimensions of 3x6 m.
  • On average, it takes 7 days to build a shed of this type.
  • The installation of a single-slope structure requires 30% less money than for a 2-slope structure.
  • If one wind direction prevails at your dacha, then the option with a pitched roof suits you more than others.

Building a simple shed with your own hands is a feasible task. The main thing is not to forget to step back the legal 3 m from the neighbor’s fence and 5 m from the road, but there are no other restrictions.

Shed with a pitched roof: video

A frame barn with a pitched roof, and even made with your own hands, is an indispensable building on any summer cottage. As a rule, summer residents think about this when there is simply nowhere to store countless cans for seaming or tools in the house have become too many. But it’s worth building a shed with a pitched roof, and not just for this reason, because there are many uses for this simple, uncomplicated and cheap design. And I will tell you about how to build it and what materials to use in this article.

Wooden frame. Advantages and disadvantages

There are mostly positive aspects associated with using wood as the main material for building a shed frame.

  • Almost any hardware store will allow you to purchase the necessary parts for assembly wooden frame
  • With certain protection measures, the tree is durable material, therefore the structure made from it will last for quite a long time. But taking into account compliance with all construction rules and regulatory documents
  • The installation process takes a very short period of time. The entire process of building from scratch takes about a week. At the same time, such work as: pouring the foundation, assembling individual elements V related structure, wall covering, installation of windows and doors, laying roofing
  • If there are any irregularities on the plane of the material, they can be easily removed on your own using the same plane or sandpaper
  • If the barn has one slope, there is no need to install a complex rafter system
  • If it is necessary to move the structure, then it can be reassembled without any problems in another convenient place, of course, if there is no foundation under your temporary building and lightweight materials were used in its creation
  • The frame allows you to significantly save on materials. For example, if you compare it with a brick structure, then the costs of creating the second will be many times greater than in the first case

Do not believe rumors that wood is a short-lived and unreliable product. When using certain types of protection (wood treatment with compounds), a quite decent service life of several decades can be achieved. But even without processing, such material, due to its low cost and speed of assembly, is a good choice.

Wood is natural material, and, therefore, it has the following disadvantages:

  • This material has poor protection against high temperatures and is flammable
  • Damage in the form of rot may occur on individual frame elements. Destruction can also be carried out small insects. That is why the material is impregnated with antiseptics or a protective layer of paint is applied.
  • Wooden products change their size depending on air humidity, temperature and other conditions acting on them, which can lead to structural failure under significant loads from above

When I was describing positive traits frame structure I said that one slope as a roof would be enough, so you are probably interested in the question “how to make a shed roof on a barn.” And to understand this, you should read this article in its entirety.

Preparatory work before construction. Drawings, dimensions

Before any work in construction, preparation must be made. Therefore, at the very beginning you need to take into account some nuances.

  • Even if you turn your shed into a work architectural art, then it will still be considered an outbuilding that does not particularly fit into big picture your yard, so it is advisable to build it in the backyard
  • Access to it should be freely available, and not littered with all sorts of rubbish. After all, if you need to transfer large objects to storage, you will need to do additional work to sort out this trash
  • Use special piles or high blocks to place the building on a hill. This will protect the wooden elements from excessive exposure to moisture, which will increase their service life. It will also prevent metal parts stored inside from corroding for no reason.
  • The drawing of a shed with a pitched roof should be drawn up as rationally as possible, so that in the future it will not be necessary to equip additional extensions to it. Think about the purposes for which this area will be used. For example, you can create a building with two rooms. In one you can store equipment, and in the other you can keep chickens or geese
  • At the site of future construction, the ground cover should be leveled as much as possible

Typically, residents country houses prefer several rooms. This is understandable, because dividing into sections can rationally distribute free square meters. The dimensions of the building are taken purely from the individual needs of the owners, but a 3x6 shed with a pitched roof is considered the standard.

Selection of materials and calculation of their needs

A frame shed with a pitched roof will require very little cost building materials, but even these should be purchased wisely.

To build the shed frame itself, the following materials may be required:

  • Six 6m beams with a section of 10x10 cm and eight pieces of 3m each with a section of 10x10 cm will fit in the process of lower and top harness respectively. When purchasing lumber, always ask the seller about the moisture content of the product; it is important that this value does not exceed 22%
  • 40x150 mm boards are suitable for flooring. You should count their number yourself, but for a barn with a pitched roof measuring 3x6 m it will take about 20 pieces
  • Vertical supports with a cross section of 10x10 cm, 12 pcs. Their length must be at least 2.5 m. As a rule, the same beam is used to create a door frame

Any important wooden element should not contain knots, even small cracks, areas susceptible to rot or holes from pests.

You can set the required roof slope using only two methods. For the first one you will need 4-6 bars with a section of 10x10 and a length of 50 cm each. The plans of the second method do not include the acquisition additional materials. It is enough to make the length of some supports shorter than the other.

  • The lathing requires boards with a section of 22x100 mm. The quantity will be approximately 18 pieces. If you do not want to put heavy roofing materials on their surface, then you can take less
  • If you are not interested in the aesthetic appearance of the room from the inside, then multi-layer plywood, for example, chipboard or fiberboard, will work well as a ceiling.
  • What are wooden frames without nails? Of course, you can’t do without them. It is especially important to correct use when joining beams in corners using the “paw” method. And if you use the “half-tree” technique, then it’s worth purchasing several metal corners or planks

IMPORTANT: The boards must be fastened so that the nail goes through and digs into another. This is the only way to achieve a stronger connection.

  • In addition to nails, you will need self-tapping screws and screws, as well as L-shaped plates
  • If you need to insulate the walls of the shed, you will need thermal insulation, waterproofing and vapor barrier

A complete analysis of the technology for building a shed with one slope

After calculations comes practical work, in which everything is different. And we will naturally start from the foundation.

Foundation. Choosing the best

For almost all buildings, the foundation is one of the essential elements. For frame types of sheds, tape, column or simply wooden are suitable.

Tape

For maximum protection wooden elements use strip foundation. To create it, you will need to build a concrete base, the height of which is 40-50cm. It is important to accept the fact that this type of foundation is not suitable in sedimentary soil. Only screw piles are suitable for it.

As initial work To install a strip foundation, you should acquire a trench along the designated perimeter. Its depth should be 40 cm and have a width of 0.4 m. After the excavation, it is necessary to fill the bottom of the trench with a sand cushion; it will occupy 10 cm of volume. On top of the sand cushion must be laid waterproofing layer, so as not to allow concrete in its liquid state to seep into the sand.

After such work, assembly is carried out, as a rule, wooden formwork, although there is also a metal one. Part of it should be above ground level and equal to the height of the base. To connect individual formwork elements into one system, various clamps and spacers are used, and top part supports are secured. This allows the entire structure to keep its shape even when high blood pressure from the inside. The bottom layer of concrete elements is usually reinforced, which is why the reinforcement is laid directly on the waterproofing layer. The cross-section of the metal rods should be 10-12mm and be in the form of a kind of mesh.

The space between the formwork panels is filled with concrete grades M200 or M250.

You should not divide the process of pouring concrete over several days - this may lead to the formation of cracks throughout the entire volume of the foundation. For the same reason, you should not carry out this work in rainy or very hot weather.

The formwork panels must fix the mass of concrete until it hardens completely. Its strength peaks on the 28th day, but how long to wait is up to you to decide. I will say one thing: already on the third day the strength characteristics of concrete are 50%. Therefore, if you want the maximum quality foundation, then it is advisable to wait the maximum possible period.

If your building definitely cannot be classified as large, then a shallow strip foundation is quite suitable for you.

Wood

Larch logs are actively used as such a foundation. Their diameter should be about 30cm, and the surface needs to be treated with bitumen 2-3 times.

For installation wooden foundation holes are dug up to 150cm deep and 10cm wider than the log. The bottom of such a depression is filled with sand to a depth of 10 cm, forming the necessary cushion. Bitumen acts as waterproofing material. They process logs of 1.5 meters of logs that will be buried in the ground.

After the log is lowered into the hole, the voids of the recess are filled. In order to give the soil the maximum possible compaction, it is watered and compacted. And some people fill this void with concrete.

Wooden piles may well become an affordable solution to the problems of constructing foundations in any soil.

Columnar

As a rule, columnar foundations are used for frame-type buildings. For high-quality work on the ground, its markings are created using pegs and a cord. Holes 30-40 cm deep are dug along the marked perimeter and in the corners.

You should not carry out marking work by eye; use nylon thread if you do not have a cord. Thanks to this, you eliminate the possibility of error.

When digging a hole, I advise you to make it more than 70 cm, which will be a level below the freezing layer. The bottom, as usual, is laid with a sand cushion, but its height is already 15 cm in a compacted state. To be more sure, I advise you to lay some layer of fine gravel on top, about 10cm will be enough. After these steps, brick columns are laid, and the mortar is used cement mixture. For a small building, a masonry of 4 bricks is quite suitable, and if it is large, then it is worth using more of them.

Any brickwork must be treated with waterproofing products.

IMPORTANT: When creating pillars from bricks, use a building level so that they all lie in the same plane. This will ensure strong stability of the structure.

The void that remains between the ground and the column is filled with soil, but it is better to use sand or fill it with mortar. Hollow-core concrete blocks are a worthy replacement for a columnar foundation. Their dimensions are usually 40x20x20cm. But when installing such an element, the voids in it should be filled with a solution.

Building frame

When you have decided on the choice of foundation and have poured it according to technology, you can begin building the frame itself.

Let's assume that your choice fell on a columnar foundation.

At the very beginning of work, do not forget to isolate the stone from the wood. To do this, it is worth putting several layers of roofing material on each column. This will protect the lower part of the wooden frame from exposure to excess moisture, which will collect in the brick.

After installing the waterproofing layer, you can begin tying from below. The strapping is made with 10x10cm timber, and beams and logs are mounted from 5x10cm timber. By the way, it is unacceptable to use them with a pitch greater than 60cm.

All connections are made using the “wood floor” method, and ordinary nails are used as fasteners.

Vertical elements are created from 10x10cm timber, fastening occurs on L-shaped metal elements, nails or ordinary self-tapping screws. The distance between such racks should not exceed 1.5 m. To provide additional stability, additional beams are installed diagonally with dimensions of 4x10cm.

IMPORTANT: If the connection still looks flimsy when using nails or screws, then it should be reinforced with metal corners.

In the construction of outbuildings, it is widely practiced to use frames not made of wood, but of metal pipes.

Thanks to the profiled metal parts, the positive qualities of the frame look more attractive. Judge for yourself.

  • Metal materials during the construction process will not bring unnecessary waste that will litter your yard
  • Assembly and dismantling of such a structure takes a minimum of time
  • If there is a need for transportation, this can easily be done on your own without the use of cranes and trucks.
  • Since the frame uses exclusively metal parts, there is no need to build a foundation. Ordinary gravel poured onto a flat base will do.
  • The load from snow cover on the roof and strong gusts of wind is easily tolerated due to the use of reinforcing reinforcement
  • Profiled pipes have a wide selection color ranges, therefore, you can create a colorful building
  • The design is very practical, because its elements are not subject to rotting, and can be protected from corrosion for a long time with just one painting

More durable pipes are selected based on the fact that the building will be subject to increased loads during its service life. Then the lower piping should be made of pipes with 8 mm walls and a diameter of 100 mm. A profile with a cross section of 6x6 cm is often used as reinforcement elements.

Give significant attention to the flooring of the joists as a subfloor. Their step should not exceed 60cm. Fastening to the lower frame is done using a welding machine.

After all this work, you can begin to cover the floor. It is a profile frame. Also at this stage the beams will be mounted, and at the end there will be cladding.

The rafter system will be the final part in the construction of a frame made of profiled pipes. It can be either separate from the entire system or merged with it. As a rule, a large cross-section channel is used as a load-bearing part, to which all elements will be fastened.

After all the connecting work, you can begin finishing.

Structure of the floor and walls

After assembling the frame, we need to create a base on which we can move without problems. IN in this case our subfloor will perform this function. OSB boards or sheets of ordinary plywood up to 15 mm thick are taken as construction elements for it. After installing plywood on the floor, you should take care of the waterproofing layer, and then install the finished floor.

A high-quality floor can be made from tongue-and-groove boards. Thanks to its recesses along the edges and special protrusions, end-to-end assembly can be done in a very short period of time. Wood is usually selected from coniferous species, so that the resin located in its structure does not allow moisture to seep through. In general, this process is very similar to the construction of laminate flooring.

High-quality joining of boards is created thanks to various protrusions along the edges of the parts.

If you are done with installation work on the floor, then you can start building walls. By the way, in order to give the frame additional strength characteristics, temporary or permanent slopes are cut into it. Strengthening racks using this method should only be done in areas of high loads.

The use of jibs must be made without fail if the frame is not sheathed with plywood. It is worth noting that tiled cladding is about 5 times more effective than jib boards, but if you still do not intend to use plywood, then you can use boards with a section of 50x100mm or 25x100 as bevels. Their length must be 30cm longer than the walls themselves. It is clear that permanent jibs are installed forever, but temporary ones should be used until the installation of the upper logs, then fixing the position of the walls with their help does not make sense.

Before you start mowing, you should take care to level all the walls and corners. The most convenient way to do this is to use laser levels, but in its absence, you can use a bubble one. The pitch of the jib device is usually 1.2 - 1.5 m. Using them as a lever will help correct some design defects.

Correct installation of the slopes is an important component of the entire process of assembling the frame, so it is worth considering some rules.

  • The angle when installing the jibs should be 45° (this value is considered ideal for imparting maximum rigidity). In door and window openings given value allowed to be increased to 60 o
  • Jib booms that are hollow in structure can only be used in the construction of small structures
  • Slots and gaps are unacceptable
  • For bevels, it is necessary to create some grooves in the vertical elements when working on the lower and upper trim. The groove parameter is set based on the thickness of the element, and in metal structures they are arranged at the depth of the rack profile
  • All corner joints should be made into the paw or floor of the tree. With the “floor wood” technique, cuts of 50x50mm will be sufficient, just do not cross the middle of the element. When fastened into a paw, the same cuts are created, except at an angle. For a better connection, these places are processed with a chisel

To make it more reliable, all connections are fixed using metal corners or nails.

Wall insulation

Insulating the walls of the frame will be an advisable task, provided that living creatures are kept in the barn, so as not to destroy them in very coldy. The following are often used as insulation materials:

  • Mineral wool
  • Penoplex
  • Glass wool slabs

Mineral wool

The walls of the building must be covered with mineral wool on all regulatory documents construction. Insulation boards should look like those used for roofing, i.e. made in the shape of a pie. To do this, mineral wool is wrapped on both sides. vapor barrier material. This will allow the insulation to get rid of excess moisture, because its presence in these layers leads to a decrease beneficial properties product.

An important point in the construction of mineral wool is the creation of ventilation ducts in the layer of the cake. For this wood paneling laid perpendicular to the slabs. It is assembled from 20x40mm boards. A system of such elements will allow air to pass freely and will also hold the interior trim perfectly.

Penoplex

Thickness of this material selected from 6cm. Installation of penoplex begins with the installation of a waterproofing layer behind the sheathing. The pitch of the sheathing elements should be 60cm. The usual nails or screws are not used as fasteners. It is appropriate to use polyurethane glue here, but of course you can also use anchors. Polyurethane foam will act as an additional retainer at the joints of the slabs.

After the glue has dried, a vapor barrier layer is applied. As a rule, polyethylene film in the form of foil is used, and a finishing layer is applied on top.

Glass wool

The device is no different from mineral stoves. But when installing it, you should take care of personal protective equipment. Buy a respirator and good gloves, thick clothing should protect exposed areas of the body, and special glasses should protect your eyes.

Conclusion

You can build a barn from blocks with a pitched roof exactly according to the described method. First, the location and type of foundation are selected, and then construction begins. A block building will have thick walls, therefore, they may not be insulated, but this is purely individual and depends on the purpose of the space.

The Internet is full of construction sites where the main topic is “building a shed with a pitched roof,” but you won’t find anything new on them, so I offer you a more interesting source of information – video.

No matter how much space there is in country house, on personal plot You can’t do without such a necessary outbuilding as a barn.

If experience self-construction not yet, but the owner knows how to use tools, he can easily build a shed at the dacha with his own hands, following the instructions.

If the barn will be located next to the house, and it is important that it looks aesthetically pleasing, it is better to use the same materials from which the house is built. To reduce the cost of construction, you can decorate the barn with siding - it can be different, and imitates any materials - wood, brick, stone of different textures.

How to make a shed quickly and inexpensively

Guided by step by step instructions how to make a barn yourself, you can build it in as soon as possible, while spending very little money.

One of the simplest, fastest and cheapest options is a frame shed. The frame itself can be made of wood or metal, the outside is sheathed with suitable material, a roof is installed - and the comfortable outbuilding is ready for use.

If the barn is made of wood, then the frame can be made of timber. But it is more convenient, reliable and durable to make a frame from profiled pipes with a rectangular or square section– profile with round more difficult to join and weld.

There are also ready-made ones on sale metal frames, which are assembled using self-tapping screws, and at the factory you can order a design according to your own drawing.

As practice shows, the assembly of both metal and wooden sheds usually takes only a few days. The photo shows sheds on frames - what they are like, and how beautifully they can be finished.

What should the foundation be like?

Sheds on frames are lightweight buildings, so the foundation for them is made lightweight. Most often, a few columns are enough, screw piles or concrete block– one or more depending on the area of ​​the barn.

If the ground is plot of land complex, the foundation can be a shallow strip foundation made of special monolithic blocks.

A reinforced strip foundation will withstand even bricks and building blocks as walls - the building will be reliable and will not crack on soil that is prone to swelling, since the movement of the structure will occur along with the foundation.

The choice of foundation type depends on the soil on the site, the area of ​​the barn, the material from which it is built, as well as the financial capabilities of the owners of the site. But it’s easier, faster and cheaper to build a shed on a frame without a foundation.

Frame lean-to shed without foundation

Frame sheds can be built without a foundation at all. There are two options. In one case, the racks treated against rotting are buried 60-80 cm, concreted, and then the lower frame is attached to them, on which the floor is laid on the joists. It is worth noting that this method is only suitable for building a small area.

On soils that absorb and drain water well, you can also build a shed without a foundation this way: the area for construction is marked out in such a way that the area on which the shed will stand is 0.5 m wider on each side than the area of ​​the building itself .

The turf is removed from the soil and a sand and gravel backfill is made, which must be thoroughly compacted. A strapping beam is laid on the prepared place, floor logs treated with an antiseptic are attached to it - the logs will be in direct contact with the ground, so the treatment antiseptic required.

As soon as the logs for the future floor are laid on the site, the floor itself is made. It can be made of planks, from sheets of moisture-resistant plywood or from oriented strand board (OSB). In this case, the recommended thickness of materials:

  • for boards – 20 mm;
  • for plywood and OSB – 13-15 mm.

When the site for the building is ready, you can begin building the shed.

Note!

During construction frame barn with a pitched roof, the roof should be installed correctly - its angle of inclination should be such that snow easily rolls off it.

Practice shows that optimal angle the slope is achieved when the height of one wall is 3 m, and the opposite one is 2.4 m. It is a good idea to cover the roof with ondulin - this roofing material is also called euro slate.

Ondulin is much more attractive in appearance than slate, it has a wave-like shape, and its color can be different, this allows you to make the roof of the barn beautiful, cheerful, truly country-like.

Having started assembling the frame, first the racks of each wall are mounted into the floor one by one. If not boards are chosen for cladding, but ready-made slabs - made of wood, metal or other material, the cladding can be installed on the frame of each wall in advance, on the ground, and the wall can be fixed to the floor in finished form. As an option, the walls can be sheathed with OSB 9.5 mm thick.

There is an alternative technology - Balloon. With this method, installation is carried out gradually - corner frame racks are immediately attached to the frame or the blocks themselves as the racks are installed in height. A rope is stretched between them at each new height level, along which the next racks are then placed.

Note!

When installing window and doorways It should be taken into account that the load on the frame is greater here, so it is necessary to strengthen the frame in those places where the window and door sashes will be attached. For this purpose, the openings are equipped not only with corner posts, but also with reinforced posts.

Erection of the roof

Since the roof of the barn will be single-pitched, the rafter system is simple: rafter boards, the length of which to provide an overhang (as a rule, it is made 30-50 cm) must be greater than the length of the side of the area intended for the roof, are laid on the edge. For example, if the planned area of ​​the shed is 3 m by 3 m, then the length of the rafter board should be 3.840 m.

The boards are nailed diagonally - two nails on both sides, so that the roof can more reliably withstand loads under snow pressure and when strong wind, it can be reinforced with metal corners.

It is necessary to install a sheathing on the roof (100*25 mm is suitable). If the roof is planned to be covered with ondulin, then the optimal lathing pitch recommended by the manufacturer of this roofing material should be 40 cm.

The final step is to cover the roof with the selected material - ondulin, slate or others.

Note!

Completing the construction of the shed

After the walls and roof are erected, windows and doors are installed in the prepared openings.

You can make a small porch at the door or just one or several small steps - depending on the height of the threshold of the barn.

The lining of the shed can be painted to match the roof, or, if it is wooden, leave it a natural color, which will look organic in the dacha by oiling it.

And to make the building look aesthetically pleasing and neat, the foundation should be covered with an asbestos sheet.

Such a barn, if the site on which it is being built has already been prepared, can be erected in just a couple of days. Built with your own hands and taking into account individual needs, it will turn out to be very comfortable and beautiful.

Photo of a do-it-yourself shed












A barn is a building without architectural delights. Most often it is a frame structure with a pitched roof, sheathed on the outside with sheet or panel materials such as OSB, plywood or moisture-resistant chipboard. Often lining, tongue-and-groove boards, corrugated sheets or sheet iron are used for cladding. The most difficult part of building a barn is building the frame. It is necessary to understand that this design consists of several elements that are connected into one whole. At the same time, the frame of a barn with a pitched roof is a reliable structure.

Source yandex.ru

Frame elements

Purely structurally, the frame of a utility block, like any basis for the construction of frame buildings, consists of three main elements:

    bottom harness,

  • support posts between the harnesses.

Since we are talking about a building with a roof, a rafter system with sheathing is added to the frame for the barn. And although they have nothing to do with the frame structure, they will have to be taken into account when developing a drawing of a utility block with a pitched roof.

What are the upper and lower harnesses? These are elements assembled around the perimeter of the building in the form of a solid structure. Collect them from wooden beams minimum cross-section 100x100 mm. The main task of the work manufacturer is to accurately align the beams in one horizontal plane and securely fasten them together.

The construction of the frame begins with the installation of the lower trim Source kak-sdelat-kryshu.ru

The posts of the barn frame are either beams or double boards. They are placed with a certain step and exactly vertically. At the same time, in the corners of the building, in the places where door and window openings stands are required to be installed. If the barn consists of several rooms, then the supports are mounted at the intersection of external and interior walls. By the way, for this, jumpers are added to the harnesses to form partitions.

The height of the posts is equal to the height of the barn. Standard sizes 2.5-3 m.

Shed frame design with a pitched roof

To form a roof, you need to raise the front part of the frame by a small amount. That is, to form a slope. The rafter legs on the front wall will rest on the raised part, with their rear ends on the upper frame.

Therefore, designers propose two frame design options:

    It is assembled in the form of a cube. Then, on the facade, racks of small length and cross-section are added, which will become supports for rafter legs.

Source ristroy.ru

    The façade racks are cut longer to the height of the slope formation.

Source ydachadacha.ru

The second option is used more often.

Construction technology

Any foundation is suitable for a shed, but more often they use a columnar foundation, assembled from concrete blocks or bricks. It is easier to set up and cheaper than all other types.

Preparation for construction

First of all, before starting construction, it is necessary to plan the architectural part of the structure. That is, what will be the dimensions of the barn. The most common barn design is 3x6 with a pitched roof. On the front side - 6 m, on the gable side - 3 m.

The thing is that the length of the wooden bars (standard) is 6 m. That is, to assemble the trim (top or bottom) you will need three bars: two whole, one sawn in half. For two harnesses you will need 6 bars.

Top frame of the barn Source yandex.ru

As for the number of racks, there are 4 beams in the corners, one at a time, two in the doorway, two in the window (although this is where you can use lumber of a smaller section, even boards 50 mm thick). To strengthen the frame structure, intermediate bars with a cross section of 100x50 mm are installed: in the gable walls and in the facade walls every 1.0-1.2 m. Although much depends on the width sheathing material. Eg, standard width OSB – 1250 mm. This means that this is the step of installing the racks.

Now, regarding the length of the racks. It all depends on the height of the building. The length of the facade supports, if the barn is being built according to project No. 2, increases by the size of the formation of the slope of the pitched roof.

Frame assembly

You need to start with the bottom trim.

    On the foundation pillars waterproofing is being laid in the form of roofing felt folded in half.

    Pre-prepared beam ends cut to half thickness. The length of the undercut is equal to the width of the bars.

    Strapping elements laid on the foundation and are aligned horizontally using building level. If necessary, wooden pads are placed under the beams for raising.

Connecting strapping elements in a half-cut Source svoyabesedka.ru

    Produced fastening the elements of the lower trim, for which long nails or self-tapping screws are used, as well as special perforated fasteners in the form of plates and angles made of steel.

    Racks are being installed. They are placed vertically at the same level and attached to the bottom trim with steel corners and self-tapping screws. In this case, first, corner supports are placed, which are additionally supported by jibs made of boards or slats with a cross-section of 50x50 mm.

Fastening the racks and strapping together Source zen.yandex.ru

    Necessarily racks are checked for the horizontal position of their upper ends. This refers to the front and rear walls. If one sticks out more than the others, then it is removed, filed down and put in place. As for the racks forming side walls, then they are cut to the slope of the roof. They do it this way: string or twine is stretched between two corner posts that form the side walls of the barn. Then you need to measure the distance from the bottom harness to the twine. Measurements are taken at the location where the supports are installed. This is the length of the bars. The closer the support is to back wall, the shorter its length will be.

    Assembling the top trim produced in the same way as the bottom one. It’s just that instead of a foundation, they are supported by mounted racks. The fastening is done in exactly the same way. The only difference from the bottom one is the location of the two elements not in a horizontal plane, but at an angle. Therefore, most often the top trim is made from boards 50 mm thick.

Source djbay.ru

    Often, in order to avoid unnecessary costs, they use rafter legs. This can be clearly seen in the photo above. That is, first install two elements of the upper trim on the front and rear walls. And then rafters are mounted along the edges, which connect the corner supports.

Since the barn is a full-fledged building, it is necessary to form two more elements of the structure: floors and roof.

Assembling the floor frame

The frame of the floor base is boards (50 mm thick), laid with their ends on a frame across the barn. Installation option – vertical in width. They are attached to the beams with the same steel angles and self-tapping screws. You can use the half-cut fastening method - this is a more durable option.

Installation of the frame for the floor base Source rmnt.mirtesen.ru

Pay attention to the photo, which shows a frame with an intermediate beam laid under the boards. This option is usually used when using a 4x6 shed design with a pitched roof. That is, when the width of the structure is more than 3 m.

Assembling the rafter system and sheathing

Now, as for the roof. There is nothing complicated in its construction. The frame of the shed has been assembled, the walls have been formed, all that remains is to lay the rafters at a certain pitch. Most often, the installation step varies between 0.6-1 m depending on the selected roofing material. This is the optimal size.

An important component is to accurately select the length of the rafters. This is due to the fact that a pitched roof must form overhangs both on the front side of the building and on the rear. The overhang size is 30-50 cm on each side. With a barn width of 3 m, the length of the rafter legs is 3.6-4 m. With a width of 4 m - 4.6-5 m.

Forming a roof overhang with rafters Source spb-artstroy.ru

The last stage in assembling the roof frame is the installation of the sheathing. It can be continuous for soft materials or discharged for the rest. More often, slats with a maximum cross-section of 50x50 mm or boards with a thickness of 25-30 mm and a width of 100 mm are used for this. For a continuous coating, OSB sheets are mounted on the slats.

The frame is completely ready. All that remains is to sheathe it: the floors inside with boards (edged or tongue-and-groove), the walls outside with slabs or sheet materials, roof roofing covering. Doors and windows are being installed. If there is a need to make the barn insulated, then it is laid from the inside thermal insulation material and sheathed with sheets. The same goes for the floor and roof.

Video description

Key points for installing a shed frame in the video:

On our website you can familiarize yourself with turnkey, from construction companies, presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

Conclusion

Building a shed from corrugated sheets with a pitched roof (or from another material) is not the most difficult process. If the structure is small (3x6 or 4x6), then it can be raised in one day. The main task of the work manufacturer is the accuracy of the dimensions of the elements and their correct assembly.