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» When to sow cabbage in April. When to plant cabbage seedlings to get the best results. Features of further care and cultivation of cabbage seedlings

When to sow cabbage in April. When to plant cabbage seedlings to get the best results. Features of further care and cultivation of cabbage seedlings

Cabbage is not the last place on summer cottage every gardener. This is due to the fact that the vegetable is suitable not only for preparing vitamin salads, but is also used in many other dishes. To grow strong seedlings, you need to familiarize yourself with some rules and recommendations for planting, caring for and growing cabbage seedlings at home.

Basic rules for planting cabbage seedlings: how to sow correctly at home

In order for the seedlings to turn out strong and healthy, it is necessary to sow accordingly, and first properly prepare the seeds, containers and soil, and of course it is very important to choose optimal timing. Only strict adherence to the recommendations will help to avoid serious mistakes that can negatively affect the growth and development of cabbage seedlings in the future.

When to sow seeds: optimal sowing dates

Note! The site already has a detailed article about, including favorable days for planting in 2019 according to the lunar calendar.

Preparing seeds before sowing: pre-sowingtreatment

Before planting cabbage seeds, it is necessary to prepare them. This procedure is intended for both seed material collected independently, and for purchased. To do this, it is necessary to initially carry out a visual selection, eliminating all damaged specimens, as well as those that are significantly larger or smaller than the main mass.

It is then recommended to process (etching) cabbage seeds from pathogens that can survive on the outer shell. To do this, they must first be soaked in warm water with the addition of potassium permanganate at a temperature of 40-50 degrees for 20-30 minutes.

Can be carried out disinfection using the drug.

For stimulation of growth processes And increasing germination percentage It is recommended to soak with a solution "Epina"(according to instructions) or "Zircon"(according to instructions). After this, the seeds must be immediately planted in the ground.

Better yet sprout cabbage seeds on cotton pads. In 2-4 days the seeds will hatch and they can be planted in the ground.

Important! If, upon purchase, cabbage seeds are colored different colors(it would be more correct to call them panned, granulated or glazed), this indicates that the manufacturer has already taken care of them in advance and has carried out complete pre-sowing preparation. Therefore, there is no need to carry out any actions with them. Planting should be done dry.

Video: soaking cabbage seeds

What soil to plant in?

Important! For planting, you cannot take soil from an area where cruciferous crops grew (rutabagas, turnips, radishes, horseradish), since they have common diseases.

Sowing cabbage seeds must be carried out in a light and nutritious substrate, which will allow the plants to fully develop. The best option may be to purchase ready-made soil for cabbage seedlings, where the composition of the soil is completely balanced and has a neutral acidity level within 6.5-7 pH.

Also required soil To plant cabbage, you can prepare it yourself by mixing the following ingredients:


Important! You should not add nitrogen fertilizers and humus to the soil, as this can lead to excessive growth of the above-ground part and further lodging of the seedlings.

In addition, it is recommended to disinfect the substrate from pathogens of fungal diseases before planting cabbage. To do this, a few days before sowing, it is necessary to spill the soil with a working solution of the drug (according to the instructions) or a rich pink infusion of potassium permanganate.

And then it is advisable to sift the substrate and thoroughly loosen it to increase its air and moisture permeability.

Planting containers

You can use wooden or plastic boxes and pallets for planting cabbage seedlings, but there are also other containers that are worth paying attention to. To understand their advantages and disadvantages, you should familiarize yourself with them in advance.

Important! The most important thing is that there are drainage holes at the bottom of the planting container.

  • Containers made of wood or plastic. This type of container has been used for planting seeds for a very long time due to its ease of use. Wooden structures you can completely build it yourself, without extra costs. They are suitable both for sowing and for picking seedlings in the future. The disadvantage of containers is that the root system may be damaged during replanting. It is also impossible to reach one plant without affecting the neighboring one. In addition, these structures are quite heavy.
  • Plastic cups. They are also very popular among gardeners due to their low cost and reusable use. In addition, sowing in such containers allows plants to be removed without damaging the roots, which reduces stress during transplantation. But this type of container has a number of disadvantages. The cups do not have drainage holes, so you have to make them yourself, and you also need to purchase additional trays for watering plants. In addition to all this, they are not stable and require additional equipment when transporting seedlings to their summer cottage.

100-200 ml cups will be enough.

  • A type of landing container that appeared not so long ago. Often sold simultaneously with a tray and a lid, which makes the gardener’s task easier. It consists of individual cells connected into a single whole, which allows you to plant plants separately at once. They have drainage holes and can be easily cut with scissors if necessary. When transplanting, the root system is not damaged. The disadvantage is that they break easily and are inconvenient for further transportation of seedlings.

  • Peat tablets. The best option for growing seedlings, allowing you to grow strong seedlings with a well-developed root system. To plant, soak the tablets in water for 7 minutes until completely swollen. They are nutritious compressed peat placed in a special shell, which completely dissolves when planted in the ground. This allows planting into the ground without damaging the roots. The disadvantage is the high price and the need for frequent watering, since moisture from the substrate quickly evaporates. Additional equipment will be required for transportation.

By the way! Cabbage can be sown for seedlings and banks, for more information about this method, see the following video:

What scheme to follow when planting

Planting should be carried out taking into account the fact that the plants will subsequently need free space for full development. Therefore, you should not thicken the crops too much.

Advice! It makes sense to sow thicker only in order to leave the strongest shoots later. Moreover, they should not be pulled out, but cut off with scissors.

If you are going to dive, then you need to place the seeds in a common container at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from each other and with a row spacing of 3-4 cm.

And if you plant the seeds in a common container at a distance of 5-10 cm in a checkerboard pattern, then the seedlings can be grown without picking.

Of course, it is ideal to sow immediately in separate containers, so as not to have to pick in the future, because cabbage does not really like it, especially cauliflower.

Important! Crowding of crops causes weak and elongated cabbage seedlings, and can also cause the development of various diseases.

Video: preparing seeds and sowing cabbage for seedlings

Direct landing

When planting cabbage seeds for seedlings, you need to follow these steps sequentially. This will help prevent serious mistakes that could negatively affect the plants in the future.

Step-by-step instruction sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings:

  • Pour the prepared substrate into the planting containers (2/3 full).
  • Water it generously and wait until the water is completely absorbed and the soil settles.
  • Make rows 1 cm deep and spread the seeds.
  • Sprinkle soil on top.
  • Moisten the top of the substrate with a spray bottle.
  • Cover with a transparent lid or film to maintain high humidity inside.
  • Place the containers on the window and ensure the temperature reaches +18...+22 degrees (less for white cabbage, more for colored cabbage).

Video: a proven method of sowing cabbage for seedlings (white cabbage)

Note! Serious differences in sowing and growing various types There is no cabbage, but there are some small nuances, especially for cauliflower (it is more heat-loving).

You might find it helpful to watch the following videos:

Video: especially cultivation and sowing Chinese cabbage for seedlings

Video: sowing and growing cauliflower seedlings - the subtleties of the process

Features of further care and cultivation of cabbage seedlings

To grow healthy seedlings cabbage at home, you need to create optimal conditions. Otherwise, the seedlings will have an unsightly pale appearance.

Temperature

Remember! Cabbage is a cold-resistant plant. The only exception is cauliflower: it needs more room conditions, but it does not tolerate too high temperatures.

As soon as the cabbage seedlings hatch and friendly shoots appear, the temperature must be set in this range ( recommended for white cabbage and other types of cabbage, except cauliflower ): during the day - + 14-18 degrees, and at night - + 8-12 degrees. This regime will help restrain excessive growth of the above-ground part (prevent it from stretching) and will allow you to increase root system.

Therefore, it is advisable to take the containers with seedlings to the balcony or loggia. Or, if you only have a window sill, then open the windows slightly, setting them to winter ventilation mode.

In general, as a rule, trays with cabbage seedlings are placed in a greenhouse.

And here are the seedlings cauliflower does not tolerate low temperatures well, so for her successful cultivation the temperature both during the day and at night should be 4-6 degrees higher, i.e. during the day - +18-22 degrees, at night - +14-18 degrees.

Interesting! Cauliflower really does happen. different colors, but it got its name not because of this, but because we eat the flowers (tightly pressed buds) of this plant, and not the leaves.

Lighting

Cabbage is a light-loving crop, so any slight darkening can lead to the death of seedlings. For full growth of cabbage seedlings, daylight hours should be within 12-15 hours.

Planting containers with seedlings should be placed on a southern windowsill, or at least on a southwestern or southeastern one. And in the evening or morning hours, if possible, provide illumination phytolamps.


Watering and humidity

Watering cabbage planted as seedlings must be done as the top layer of soil dries, avoiding overwatering and drying out of the roots. Water should not get on the leaves.

Note! It is strictly forbidden to water cabbage seedlings. cold water, only warm or at least room temperature. Optimal water for irrigation - it is rain or melt water. Regular cabbage will also be suitable for watering running water, passed through a filter and stood for 24-48 hours at home at room temperature.

Top dressing

To keep cabbage seedlings strong and healthy, it is necessary to apply fertilizers. This will help her develop more actively and fully.

However, if you initially prepared nutritious soil (with humus or compost), then, in principle, no additional fertilizing is required. Of course, if appearance plants will not demand otherwise.

Feed cabbage seedlings in the following order:

  • at the stage of appearance of 2 cotyledon leaves (7-10 days after germination);
  • 10-14 days after the first (in the phase of 2 true leaves);
  • 10-14 days before disembarkation in open ground.

By the way! If you grow with picking, then the first fertilizing should be done 7-14 days after it is carried out.

First feeding You can do yeast infusion. Dissolve 10 grams of dry yeast in 1 liter of water, add 3-4 tbsp. spoons of sugar, let it brew for 4-6 hours and pour it under the root.

The second feeding should contain a lot of nitrogen. For example, you can pour a herbal infusion (for example, from nettle) or use mineral fertilizers(For example, ammonium nitrate or urea).

If you don’t want to bother, it is recommended to use complex mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in equal parts. For example, nitroammofoska (all 16%). Or you can prepare such a fertilizer from different fertilizers, for example, taking 3-4 g of urea, 3-4 g and 2-3 g of potassium sulfate per 1 liter.

Video: how to care for cabbage seedlings

Picking cabbage seedlings

The picking procedure involves planting plants in separate and larger containers.

Picking cabbage seedlings is only necessary if the seeds were sowed in one common container and the seedlings no longer have enough space. In general, cabbage doesn’t really like pickling, because... the procedure causes severe stress to the root system of the plant.

When should we pick cabbage? The main condition is the appearance of 2 true leaves in the seedlings.

When picking, cabbage seedlings should be buried down to the first pair of cotyledon leaves to form a strong root system.

Immediately after picking, for a couple of days, it is recommended to move the seedlings to a more warm room with air temperature +18..+22 degrees. This will make it easier for the seedlings to get used to (more precisely, to settle down) and take root in new conditions.

Video: how to pick cabbage seedlings

About picking cabbage when growing seedlings in the greenhouse watch in the following video:

Problems when growing cabbage seedlings

Sometimes the most harmless mistakes in caring for seedlings lead to the appearance of diseases: overwatering, lack of lighting, elevated temperature. The most common problems when growing cabbage are:

  • Cabbage seedlings turn yellow. There may be several reasons. So, the leaves may turn yellow due to a lack of elements in the soil such as phosphorus (then the leaves turn yellow on the underside and can acquire a red-violet hue), potassium (the tips of the leaves turn yellow), iron (the leaves turn yellow throughout the base). Yellowness can also appear from excessive nutrition - an overdose of fertilizers. To correct such situations, you should spill the soil with water or completely replant it in new soil.

  • Cabbage seedlings the leaves are curling. As a rule, this occurs due to the bright sun on the window and waterlogging of the soil combined with dry air in the room. With good air humidity and moderate temperatures, the curling should go away. You can additionally feed with humic fertilizers, for example, Gumi, Potassium Humate, etc.
  • The cabbage seedlings are rotting. As a rule, rotting is caused by the appearance of seedlings black legs. In the affected seedling, the lower part of the stem first darkens and rots, then a constriction forms in this place, the plant dies and lies down. To prevent such an outcome, it is necessary to first disinfect the soil. If this was not done or the disease still appeared, then it is worth removing all the infected seedlings, and spilling the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate (3-4 g per 10 liters of water), after which do not water the seedlings for a week.

  • Cabbage seedlings are stretched. The main reasons are insufficient daylight hours and incorrect temperature conditions. But seedlings can stretch even in good light, if the planting density is too high, which is why not all plants have enough light. Naturally, without the recommended temperature regime normal development You shouldn't expect seedlings.

  • Other diseases. In addition to the black leg, seedlings can be affected fomoz (dry rot), clubroot and many other very dangerous and destructive diseases.

To prevent the occurrence of the listed problems and diseases of seedlings, it is enough to follow all recommendations for treating seeds and soil before planting, as well as properly care for the plantings.

Video: prevention and treatment of cabbage seedling diseases

Timing for planting cabbage seedlings in open ground and greenhouse

Advice! 10-14 weeks before planting cabbage in open ground, seedlings should harden- first, just open the window in the room for a couple of hours, and then take it out into the greenhouse for 3-4 hours. In the last days before planting in the garden, the containers can be left directly in the garden (if the weather permits).

Cabbage seedlings should be planted in open ground or in a greenhouse when the seedlings have 3-6 true leaves. Cabbage can survive light frosts, so you should not wait until they pass, but plant them as soon as it warms up to above-zero temperatures.

Video: planting cabbage seedlings in open ground

Video: growing secrets strong seedlings cabbage

In contact with

Soil for cabbage seedlings

The soil mixture for sowing cabbage for seedlings consists of equal parts of peat, turf soil and sand with the addition of wood ash (0.5 cups of ash per 2 liters of soil mixture).

Sift the resulting mixture. After this, it is advisable to add perlite to the soil for sowing cabbage. It loosens the soil well, provides air access, absorbs excess moisture when watering, and then gradually releases it, which is very important for young seedlings.

If you have not steamed the soil mixture, be sure to water it with a Trichophyte solution or a pink solution of potassium permanganate.

Before sowing, place cabbage seeds in a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes, then rinse them in clean water. Instead of potassium permanganate, you can use drugs such as Mikosan N, phytosporin, trichophyte, Em-preparation.

Also, to prevent blackleg, mold and other fungal diseases, use Fitosporin according to the instructions.

After preventive treatment, lightly dry the cabbage seeds until they flow and spread them one by one on the surface of the soil according to a 1x1 centimeter pattern, since the seedlings do not tolerate thickening.

Place labels with the names of the varieties.

Cover the seeds with soil mixture in a layer of 1-1.5 centimeters.

If cabbage seeds are not planted deep enough, they often sprout with their skins on. The seed coat is carried to the surface with the seedlings and interferes with the development of seedlings. Moisten upper layer soil from a spray bottle.

Place the bowl in a plastic bag and keep the sowing until germination at a temperature of about 20°C.

Conditions for growing cabbage seedlings

Cabbage shoots appear 8-10 days after sowing. Perhaps the most crucial moment in growing seedlings comes. At this time, the temperature must be reduced to 8... 10°C. Maintaining the correct temperature is one of the the most important conditions. At higher temperatures, seedlings quickly become stretched, get sick and often die. Therefore, at home, cabbage seedlings develop poorly. In a city apartment, the most appropriate place for growing cabbage seedlings - glazed loggia or balcony. After 1-2 weeks, the temperature can be increased to 15... 17 ° C, but even at this time, the difference in night and day temperatures and frequent ventilation are very useful for plants. At this time, crops should be watered very sparingly, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings. When the seedlings have 1-2 true leaves, you can start picking cabbage.

Picking cabbage seedlings

The soil mixture for picking cabbage seedlings consists of 2 parts peat, 2 parts turf soil, 1 part humus and 0.5 parts sand. For 5 liters of this mixture, add 1 cup of wood ash. Stir.

Fill the pots 2/3 full with soil mixture and compact. Make holes of such depth that the roots of the seedlings fit into them freely, without bends.

Pinch roots that are too large by a third. After backfilling, lightly compact the soil around the seedling.

Gently water the picked cabbage seedlings, starting from the edge of the pot. After the water is completely absorbed, add as much to the pots as soil mixture so that it reaches the cotyledon leaves.

Cabbage is very demanding on lighting, so after picking, place the seedlings in the brightest place. The temperature at this time should be 15... 17°C.

Watering cabbage seedlings

Carried out with water at room temperature. Watering at this time is very moderate. Although a lack of moisture inhibits the growth of seedlings, its excess is even more harmful to cabbage: it leads to rotting of the roots, lodging and blackleg damage. Frequent ventilation and differences in night and day temperatures are very useful for seedlings.

Feeding cabbage seedlings

Before planting seedlings in the ground, cabbage needs to be fed twice. Apply the first feeding at the stage of 2 true leaves. If you have added enough ash to the soil mixture, then there is no need to use expensive fertilizer. The ash contains all the necessary elements except nitrogen in a form accessible to the plant. Just feed the seedlings nitrogen fertilizer, for example Azotophyte. When feeding, try not to get it on the leaves. If the ash was not used to prepare the soil mixture, feed the cabbage seedlings with any special fertilizer for seedlings containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and microelements (Good owner, Reanimator for seedlings).

At the stage of 3-4 true leaves (about 2 weeks before planting), feed the seedlings a second time. With the onset of warm weather, take the seedlings out into the fresh air as often as possible. If possible, place it in a greenhouse or greenhouse.

Planting cabbage in the ground

Cabbage seedlings are planted in open ground at the stage of 5-6 well-developed true leaves.

If the seedlings are strong and well hardened to fresh air, then plant it in warm weather possible, even if frost is possible in the morning. Cabbage seedlings tolerate short-term temperature drops down to -3...-5°C. If the weather is cold not only at night, but also during the day, then it is better to postpone planting, since prolonged exposure to low temperatures can lead to bolting of some early varieties.

After what to plant cabbage? The best precursors for cabbage are onions, garlic, carrots, potatoes, and various legumes. Cabbage plantings can be returned to their old place no earlier than after 3-4 years. You cannot plant cabbage after radishes, radishes, arugula and other cruciferous vegetables.

Water the seedlings well two hours before planting.

While the seedlings are saturated with moisture before planting, prepare the holes for planting. Add 1 cup of wood ash, 1 tablespoon of vermicompost or compost into each hole. Dig it thoroughly.

Make a hole so deep that the seedlings fit in it up to the first true leaf. Place a cube with seedlings in it.

Fill the hole with water.

When the water is half absorbed, fill the hole with soil. There is no need to compact it.

Mulch the soil around the planted cabbage seedlings so that moisture remains in the soil longer after watering and a soil crust does not form.

At the same time as cabbage seedlings, plant tall marigold seedlings in the garden bed.

This will protect your crop from cabbage whites and other pests.

Favorable days for caring for cabbage seedlings according to the 2016 gardener’s Lunar Sowing Calendar

watering cabbage: 14–15, 23 and 24, with caution on March 9; April 10–11 and 19–21; May 1–2, 7–8, 16–18, 29–30; June 4–5, 13–14, 25–26.

application of complex fertilizing for cabbage seedlings: March 1–4, 6, 28–31; April 1, 6, 24–30; May 3–5, 22–26, 31; June 4–5, 23–24, 27–28.

fertilizing cabbage seedlings with dry fertilizer: March 14–15; April 10–11; May 7–8.

treatments against pests and diseases of cabbage: March 2–4, 11–13, 18–19, 28–31; April 1, 6, 8–9, 14–16, 24–28; May 3–5, 12–13, 22, 24–25; June 1–5, 8–9, 27–30.

Sowing cabbage in open ground according to the Lunar sowing calendar

If necessary, cabbage can be sown directly into the ground. True, this is only possible for early varieties white cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi and Chinese cabbage.
If you cover the bed with film at the beginning of April, then by mid-April the soil will warm up enough to sow cabbage under the film. And from May you can sow in open ground.
Beijing cabbage and kohlrabi are sown before the end of July.

Folk signs and secrets of the Lunar sowing calendar: except Lunar calendar our ancestors also took into account the days of the week! According to their observations, one should not plant and sow on Fridays, and it is undesirable on Wednesdays. On Thursdays, you should refrain from picking cabbage and planting seedlings in open ground.

When to sow cabbage for seedlings?

The timing of sowing cabbage seedlings depends on the ripening period of the variety.

Early varieties of white cabbage begin to be sown in mid-March; average in mid-April,
late varieties - in early April.

These are, of course, tentative dates; they largely depend on the growing area. Favorable date sowing is easy to calculate on your own. It takes 8-10 days from sowing to sprouting of cabbage seeds. Another 50-55 days pass from germination to planting cabbage seedlings in the ground. If you do not have the opportunity to keep cabbage seedlings on a glassed-in loggia or in a greenhouse at a temperature of 15... 17 ° C, then you will have to grow seedlings at more high temperature V room conditions. Then sowing early cabbage postpone until 2 weeks later, at the beginning of April. With increasing daylight hours, cabbage seedlings become less stretched and turn yellow, even with excess heat you are more likely to get good seedlings.

Favorable days for sowing cabbage according to the Lunar calendar gardener and gardener for sowing seedlings and in the ground:

Cabbage- one of the most popular garden crops, which can be grown almost everywhere, except for the desert and the Far North. Most often cabbage is grown seedling method, especially early varieties of white cabbage, but some types and varieties can be sown directly into the ground.

Timing for sowing different types of cabbage for seedlings and in the ground:

white and red cabbage – for hybrids and early varieties – February 10–25, for middle and late varieties– March 10–30;

broccoli– can be sown from mid-February to the end of May, with an interval of 10–20 days;

cauliflower– mid-February–end of May, with an interval of 10–20 days;

Brussels sprouts– from mid to late March;

savoy cabbagefor early ripening varieties – from 10 to 30 February, mid-season until March 15, late ripening – from April 1 to April 15.

Sowing cauliflower seedlings

Early cauliflower can be sown as early as mid to late March. Cauliflower To obtain constant production, you can sow in several stages:

  1. stage: to obtain early cauliflower – mid – late March;
  2. stage: end of March – mid-April;
  3. stage: end of April – mid-May;
  4. stage: end of May – mid-June.

The age of cabbage seedlings from sowing seeds to planting in open ground should be:

for white and red cabbage: hybrids and early varieties – 45–55 days, mid-ripening – 35–45 days, late-ripening – 30–35 days;

for broccoli– 35–45 days;

for Brussels sprouts and cauliflower– 45–50 days;

for kohlrabi cabbage– 30–35 days;

for savoy cabbage– 35–50 days.

As daylight increases, cabbage seedlings become less stretched and turn yellow; even with excess heat, you have a better chance of getting good seedlings. Seedlings ready for planting should have a well-developed root system and at least 4-5 true leaves.

Favorable days for sowing cabbage according to the lunar calendar for gardeners in 2016

  • in February– 11–12, conditionally favorable – 2, 13–16, 20–21;
  • in March– 9–10, 13, conditionally favorable – 4, 9–16, 20–22, 30–31;
  • in April– 1, 8–9, 12–13, conditionally favorable – 19–21;
  • in May– 9–11, conditionally favorable – 16–20;
  • in June– 6–7, conditionally favorable – 20–21.

The best predecessors for cabbage are cucumbers, potatoes, onions, and garlic. It is preferable to plant cabbage after carrots, beans and other legumes, but usually these crops are grown without application. organic fertilizers, so the soil needs to be replenished with organic matter. You cannot grow cabbage after radishes, radishes, arugula and other cruciferous vegetables. It is returned to its original place no earlier than after 3 years. 20 days after planting, the plants need to be earthed up and fed. You can use mineral fertilizers for vegetables for feeding, but cabbage prefers organic ones: infusion of mullein, nettle or liquid organomineral complexes with humates.


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When to sow (plant) cabbage seeds for seedlings in 2017: early cabbage is sown in the first week of March, middle and late cabbage - in mid-spring. Agrotechnicians also recommend taking into account lunar phase. So, seeds germinate poorly on a waning moon, but well on a waxing moon. What else needs to be done in order for noble seedlings to grow?

How to prepare cabbage seeds

The packets of seeds are sorted through, small and inconspicuous-looking seeds are sifted out. Good material- These are large and medium cabbage seeds. Then the selected seeds are dipped in a three percent salt solution. Then one part of the seeds will sink to the bottom, and the other will remain floating on the surface of the water. This means that it is necessary to collect and dry those seeds that have sunk, since they are full-fledged. The remaining seeds are poured out along with salt water.

How to sow cabbage seeds for seedlings

What to do for planting and growing seedlings:

  • To plant selected seeds, seedling boxes are prepared and filled with a mixture of black soil and compost.
  • Cabbage seeds are placed in deep furrows, maintaining a distance of several centimeters. In this case, the furrows are shed with warm water.
  • Next, the seeds are covered with dry soil, carefully compacting it.
  • Then the boxes are covered with polyethylene and placed in a dry and warm place.
  • The seedlings are watered exclusively with warm water.
  • After the cabbage has risen, remove the film.

How to pick cabbage

In order for the roots and stems of the seedling to develop harmoniously, it is necessary to plant it. This is done by placing each sprout in a separate plastic cup when the seedlings have leaves. The main thing during the planting process is to trim the bottom of the root system. This procedure will ensure branching of the roots. This will give the cabbage a chance to pick nutrients With larger area when it is planted in open ground. It is also important to carefully press the seedlings into the soil with a garden pick to the level of the first leaves.

Cabbage is one of the most popular garden crops, which can be grown almost everywhere except the desert and the Far North. Most often, cabbage is grown in seedlings, especially early varieties of white cabbage, but some types and varieties can be sown directly into the ground.

Sowing dates different types cabbage for seedlings and in soil for middle zone Russia and Moscow region:

  • white and red cabbage- for hybrids and early varieties - March 10-25, for middle and late varieties - April 10-30;
  • broccoli- can be sown from mid-March to the end of May, with an interval of 10-20 days;
  • cauliflower- mid-March - end of May, with an interval of 10-20 days;
  • Brussels sprouts- from mid to late April;
  • kohlrabi cabbage- from March 10-20 until the end of June, with an interval of 10-20 days;
  • savoy cabbage- for early-ripening varieties - from March 10 to 30, mid-ripening - from March 15 to April 15, late-ripening - from April 1 to 15.

In the Urals and Siberia The timing of sowing cabbage for seedlings is slightly shifted: for early varieties of white cabbage - April 10-15, and for middle and late varieties - the end of April.

In the south of Russia and Ukraine The timing of sowing cabbage, on the contrary, is shifted to February: sowing of early varieties of cabbage can be done in early February, and ready-made cabbage seedlings are planted in the ground already in April.

Sowing cauliflower seedlings

Early cauliflower can be sown as early as mid to late March. To obtain constant production, cauliflower can be sown in several stages:

  • 1st stage: to obtain early cauliflower - mid - late March;
  • 2nd stage: end of March - mid-April;
  • 3rd stage: end of April - mid-May;
  • 4th stage: end of May - mid-June.

The age of cabbage seedlings from sowing seeds to planting in open ground should be:

  • Forwhite and red cabbagecabbage: hybrids and early varieties - 45-55 days, mid-ripening - 35-45 days, late-ripening - 30-35 days;
  • for broccoli- 35-45 days;
  • ForBrussels sprouts and cauliflowercabbage- 45-50 days;
  • for kohlrabi cabbage- 30-35 days;
  • ForSavoyardcabbage- 35-50 days.

The sowing date for cabbage is easy to calculate. It takes 8-10 days from sowing to the germination of white cabbage seeds. Another 45-55 days pass from germination to planting cabbage seedlings in the ground. If you do not have the opportunity to keep cabbage seedlings on a glassed-in loggia or in a greenhouse at a temperature of +15...+17°C, then you will have to grow the seedlings at a higher temperature in room conditions. Then postpone sowing early cabbage for 2 weeks, to the beginning of April.

As daylight increases, cabbage seedlings become less stretched and turn yellow; even with excess heat, you have a better chance of getting good seedlings. Seedlings ready for planting should have a well-developed root system and at least 4-5 true leaves.

Favorable days for sowing cabbage according to the lunar calendar for gardeners and gardeners in 2017

  • in February - 7-8, 6-7, 21-22;
  • in March - 2-3, 20, 22, 29-30;
  • in April - 1-2, 27-28;
  • in May - 4-5, 7-8;
  • in June - 3-4. 8-9.
  • Leaf species cabbage can be sown at the same time and on February 1-2; March 6 and 7.

When to plant cabbage seedlings in the ground

The best predecessors for cabbage are cucumbers, potatoes, onions, and garlic. It is preferable to plant cabbage after carrots, beans and other legumes, but usually these crops are grown without applying organic fertilizers, so the soil needs to be replenished with organic matter. You cannot grow cabbage after radishes, radishes, arugula and other cruciferous vegetables. It is returned to its original place no earlier than after 3 years. 20 days after planting, the plants need to be earthed up and fed. You can use mineral fertilizers for vegetables for feeding, but cabbage prefers organic ones: infusion of mullein, nettle or liquid organomineral complexes with humates.

Favorable days for caring for cabbage seedlings according to Lunnoy sowing calendar gardener of the year 2017

  • Polive cabbage: any day except 4-5. March 13-14, April 1, 9-11, May 7-8, 16-17, June 3-4, 29-30;
  • application of complex fertilizing for cabbage seedlings: March 4-5, 9, 13-16, 18-21, 23-28; April 12-13, 22-23; May 19-20, 23; June 8-9.
  • feeding with dry fertilizer cabbage seedlings: 4-5, March 31; April 9-10; May 21-22.
  • treatments against pests and diseases of cabbage: March 2-3, 8-9, 18-21, 23-24, 29-30; April 24-25; May 16-17, 21-22, 30-31; June 3-4, 18-19, 21-22.

Sowing cabbage in open ground according to the Lunar sowing calendar

If necessary, cabbage can be sown directly into the ground. True, this is only possible for early varieties of white cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi and Chinese cabbage.
If you cover the bed with film at the beginning of April, then by mid-April the soil will warm up enough to sow cabbage under the film. And from May you can sow in open ground.
Beijing cabbage and kohlrabi are sown before the end of July.

Folk signs and secrets of the Lunar sowing calendar

An interesting point: in addition to the Lunar calendar, our ancestors also took into account the days of the week! According to their observations, one should not plant and sow on Fridays, and it is undesirable on Wednesdays. On Thursdays, you should refrain from picking cabbage and planting seedlings in open ground.

Currently, the last day of the year, December 31, is a working day unless it falls on a Saturday or Sunday.

In 2019, December 31 falls on a Tuesday, and therefore 17 hours before the New Year 2020, Russians will go to their workplaces together.

As for the operating hours on December 31, 2019, since the day precedes a holiday, in law work time reduced by 1 hour"from the end". Those. The working day starts as usual and ends an hour earlier.

Working hours December 31, 2019 in law:
*1 hour less than usual.

For example, at 40-hour (and five-day) working week with the start of work at 9:00, the duration of the working day on December 31, 2019 will decrease by 1 hour and instead of eight will be 7 hours. The working day will end not as usual at 18:00, but at 17:00.

What time does the working day actually end on New Year's Eve 2020:

It was not for nothing that we added the phrase “according to the law” above when we wrote about a shortened working day. After all, the law stipulates the general case when people on the eve of a holiday go home 1 hour earlier in order to better prepare for the celebration, but usually this celebration takes place in the middle of the next day.

But before the New Year, people sit down to festive table already at 21 or 22 pm (and sometimes earlier if the family has small children who need to be put to bed). And if you strictly follow the letter of the law, there are only 4-5 hours left from the end of the working day to the start of the celebration!

Therefore, most employers let employees go home early on December 31, without waiting for the official end of the working day - right after a festive office lunch. The same should be expected on December 31, 2019.

That is, usually before the New Year (including December 31, 2019) the working day ends:
* Right after lunch.

The Christmas fast is quite long - it lasts 40 days.

Winter fasting begins on November 28 and its date is always constant. On November 27, the church celebrates St. Apostle Philip, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ mentioned in the Gospel. The next day - November 28, believers begin to fast. Therefore, the post was given another name - Filippov post. It ends 6th January, Christmas Eve.

The Nativity fast was established in the ancient times of early Christianity, and until the 12th century it lasted 7 days. Since 1166, at the behest of Patriarch Luke of Constantinople, it became forty days.

In 2019, the Nativity or Filippov fast will begin on Thursday November 28, 2019 and it will end Monday January 6, 2020, on the eve of Christmas.

Diet during winter fasting 2019-2020:

Already from Wednesday 27 November(always a fast day) Christians are ordered to give up meat and dairy foods, exercise abstinence in intimate life, not attend entertainment events, but pay attention spiritual development and charity. Filippov's fast is not strict and on almost all days it is allowed to cook food on vegetable oil, and on Saturdays and Sundays, and on many weekdays you can eat fish.

The following days are highlighted when fasting becomes stricter and food should be taken without oil: these are December 9, 25 and 27, 2019.

Last week before Christmas from January 1 to January 6, 2020 you need to eat modestly and without excesses, but vegetable oil is allowed.

Many people are interested how to celebrate New Year without violating the canons of fasting? Let's console December 31, 2019 A variety of fish is allowed, and the festive table, with a certain imagination and diligence of the hostess, will look decent.

Let us once again recall the dates of the Nativity (Filippov) Fast of 2019:

  • The beginning of the post is November 28, 2019;
  • The end of the post is January 6, 2020 (Christmas Eve).
  • Duration - 40 days.

Let us recall that in the first meeting between Russia and San Marino, which took place in June in Saransk, the Russians won the biggest victory in recent football history - 9:0. So in the upcoming game, fans can easily count on another big and clean victory for their favorite team. And our players, if they set a new record, will be able to rehabilitate themselves for the repeated defeat suffered by the Belgian national team three days earlier.

The game will take place on Tuesday, November 19, 2019 at the opponent’s home arena - stadium "San Marino"(also called Serravalle Olympic Stadium) with a capacity of only about 7 thousand people. Note that this is a very good capacity for the main arena of the state, if its population is 33 thousand people.

What time does the football match San Marino - Russia start:

The game is scheduled to start at 20:45 local time. According to Moscow time, this corresponds to 22:45.

That is:

  • The match San Marino - Russia on November 16, 2019 will begin at 22:45 Moscow time.

On which channel to watch the live broadcast of the meeting San Marino - Russia 11/19/2019:

According to information posted on the official UEFA website, in live will show the national team game "First channel, and TV channel "Match Premier".

Both on Channel One and on Match Premier, live broadcast from the stadium is scheduled for 22:35 Moscow time on November 19, 2019.